JP2016226067A - Power supply apparatus and ion generation apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device which can be constructed inexpensively and simply.SOLUTION: A power supply device 3a comprises a first switching part 6a including first light emitting portions 62a, 63a, and a first photodiode 61a connected to a first DC voltage generating section 5a, a second switching part 6b including second light emitting portions 62b, 63b, and a second photodiode 61b connected to a second DC voltage generating section 5b, and a control unit 7 that alternately switches and executes, at a cycle corresponding to a desired frequency, a first control mode for controlling operations of the first light emitting units 62a, 63a and the second light emitting units 62b, 63b so that the first photodiode 61a becomes conductive and the second photodiode 61b becomes nonconductive, and a second control mode for controlling operations of the first light emitting units 62a, 63a and the second light emitting units 62b, 63b so that the first photodiode 61a is nonconductive and the second photodiode 61b is conducting.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device that generates a pulsed high voltage by applying a voltage to a winding transformer, and an ion generator using the same.

  For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, an ion generation device used as a pulse voltage application type corona discharge type neutralization device applies a voltage to a winding transformer to generate a pulsed high voltage. It has.

  The power supply device described in Patent Document 1 includes a positive voltage and a negative voltage high voltage generation circuit connected to a DC power supply via a switch and a control device. Each high voltage generation circuit includes a transformer and a voltage doubler rectifier circuit (cockcroft-Walton circuit).

  An equivalent resistor (impedance element) is connected in series to the output terminal of each high voltage generation circuit. More specifically, the first impedance element and the second impedance element are connected in series between the output terminal of the positive high voltage generation circuit and the output terminal of the negative high voltage generation circuit. .

  An electrode needle that outputs positive ions and negative ions by applying a positive voltage and a negative voltage is connected to a connection point between the first impedance element and the second impedance element. ing.

  Then, the switch is opened and closed according to the control signal output from the control device, so that positive and negative high voltages are applied to the electrode needle, and positive and negative ions are generated from the electrode needle. .

  In the power supply device of the static eliminator, the frequency of the voltage applied to the electrode needle and the magnitude of the positive / negative polarity voltage are appropriately controlled by controlling the open / close time of the switch by a control signal output from the control device. .

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, since the voltage divided by the resistance becomes the voltage applied to the electrode needle, each voltage doubler rectifier circuit needs to generate a voltage more than double the applied voltage. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the number of necessary circuit elements and to ensure high insulation resistance in the circuit.

  In addition, in order to switch the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode needle (output voltage of the power supply device), the voltage doubler rectifier circuit of each polarity is driven alternately and the voltage doubler rectifier circuit to be driven (hereinafter referred to as “drive” It is necessary to discharge the charge of the voltage doubler rectifier circuit (hereinafter referred to as “stop circuit” as appropriate) having a polarity opposite to that of the drive circuit when switching the circuit. This discharge is performed by flowing a current output from the drive circuit to the stop circuit via the impedance element.

  However, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, since it takes a long time to switch the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode needle (the output voltage of the power supply device), and heat is generated during discharge, the voltage applied to the electrode needle It is difficult to switch the polarity of (the output voltage of the power supply device) at high speed.

  In view of this point, the power supply apparatus includes a DC high voltage generation circuit that generates positive and negative high voltages connected to the voltage drive circuit via a transformer, and each positive and negative DC voltage is provided. In an ionizer (ion generator) including an electrode connected to a generation circuit via a resistor, it has been proposed to provide a semiconductor switch element between each resistor and the electrode (see Patent Document 2).

  In this ionizer, since the semiconductor switch element is controlled to be ON at different times by the switch control circuit, the DC voltage generated by each DC voltage generation circuit can be output to the electrode as it is. Further, when the semiconductor switch element is turned on at different times, it is possible to prevent the current flowing through one resistor from flowing into the other resistor. As a result, the polarity of the output voltage of the DC high voltage generation circuit (power supply device) can be switched at high speed.

Japanese Patent No. 4663766 Japanese Patent No. 5504541

  In the ion generator disclosed in Patent Document 2, it has been proposed to use a power transistor, FET, or MOSFET as a high breakdown voltage switching element. However, since transistors, FETs, and MOSFETs are expensive, there is a problem that a power supply device that uses them as a switch element and an ion generation device that uses the power supply device are also expensive.

  Further, it is necessary to provide a separate drive circuit for driving the semiconductor switch element, which causes a problem that the circuit configuration of the apparatus becomes complicated.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply apparatus that can be configured inexpensively and simply, and an ion generation apparatus using the power supply apparatus.

The power supply device of the present invention is
A first DC voltage generator that generates a positive DC voltage;
A second DC voltage generator for generating a negative DC voltage;
A first light emitting unit capable of controlling a light emitting operation, and a first photodiode connected to the first DC voltage generating unit and electrically conductive or nonconductive according to an amount of light received from the first light emitting unit. A first switching unit configured to include:
A second light emitting unit capable of controlling a light emitting operation; and a second photodiode connected to the second DC voltage generating unit and electrically conductive or nonconductive according to the amount of light received from the second light emitting unit. A second switching unit configured to include:
A first control mode for controlling operations of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit so that the first photodiode is conductive and the second photodiode is nonconductive; and the first photodiode is nonconductive. Control that executes a second control mode for controlling the operation of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit so as to make the second photodiode conductive by alternately switching in a cycle corresponding to a desired frequency. And a section.

  According to the power supply device of the present invention, in the first control mode, the positive voltage generated in the first DC voltage generator is output via the first photodiode, while the second DC voltage is output by the second photodiode. No or almost no negative voltage generated at the generating portion is output. On the other hand, in the second control mode, the positive polarity voltage generated in the first DC voltage generator through the first photodiode is not output at all or hardly, while the second photodiode generates the positive voltage in the second DC voltage generator. A negative voltage is output.

  Since the first control mode and the second control mode are switched at a cycle corresponding to a desired frequency, a pulsed AC voltage having a desired frequency is output.

  The photodiode is generally cheaper than the transistor, FET, and MOSFET.

  In addition, since the first photodiode and the second photodiode can be controlled according to the light emission status of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit, the first photodiode, the second photodiode, the first light emitting unit, and the second light emitting unit. The light emitting unit can be configured while being electrically insulated. As a result, the power supply device itself can have a simple configuration.

  As described above, according to the power supply device having the configuration, a power supply device that outputs a voltage having a desired frequency can be configured inexpensively and simply.

In the power supply device of the present invention,
The first switching unit is disposed between the first DC voltage generating unit and the output terminal,
Preferably, the second switching unit is disposed between the second DC voltage generating unit and the output terminal.

  According to this power supply device, the voltage output from the second DC voltage generator is output from the first DC voltage generator while the first switching unit cuts off the voltage output from the first DC voltage generator. Therefore, the first switching unit blocks the current output from the second DC voltage generating unit from flowing into the first DC voltage generating unit.

  Similarly, while the second switching unit cuts off the voltage output from the second DC voltage generation unit, the current output from the first DC voltage generation unit flows into the second DC voltage generation unit. 2 is interrupted by the switching unit.

  As a result, it is possible to prevent the output voltage waveform from becoming dull due to the current generated in one DC voltage generator flowing into the other DC voltage generator.

  The ion generating apparatus of the present invention is characterized by mounting the power supply apparatus of the present invention.

  According to the ion generating apparatus of the present invention, a voltage output from the power supply apparatus of the present invention is applied to the discharge electrode to generate a corona discharge from the discharge electrode, and air ions are generated by the corona discharge.

  At this time, by using a power supply device that can output a wide range of output voltages with a simple and inexpensive configuration, the ion generator can be made simple and inexpensive, and the frequency of the applied voltage can be controlled, Improves.

The figure which shows the outline of the circuit structure of the power supply and ion generator of 1st Embodiment of this invention. The graph which shows the relationship between the electric current which flows into a light emitting element, leakage current, and resistance value. FIG. 3A is a graph showing an output voltage waveform, FIG. 3A is a graph showing an output voltage waveform at 200 Hz, and FIG. 3B is a graph showing an output voltage waveform at 50 Hz. The figure which shows the outline of the circuit structure of the power supply and ion generator of other embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the outline of the circuit structure of the power supply and ion generator of other embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a circuit configuration of an ion generator 1a equipped with a power supply device 3a according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The power supply device 3a of the present embodiment is an AC power supply device in which a positive pulsed high voltage (positive pulse output) and a negative pulsed high voltage (negative pulse output) are alternately and periodically output. It is. The ion generator 1a of FIG. 1 includes a discharge electrode unit 2.

  The discharge electrode portion 2 includes a discharge needle 21 and a counter electrode 22 disposed to face the vicinity of the tip portion. In FIG. 1, only one set of the discharge needle 21 and the counter electrode 22 connected to the power supply device 3 is shown. Or the like.

(Configuration of power supply)
The power supply device 3a includes a positive voltage output unit 31a, a negative voltage output unit 31b, and a control circuit 7 connected to the positive voltage output unit 31a and the negative voltage output unit 31b so that a control signal can be output.

  The positive voltage output unit 31 a and the negative voltage output unit 31 b have their output terminals coupled at a connection point 32, and the discharge needle 21 is electrically connected to the connection point 32.

(Configuration of positive voltage output unit)
The positive voltage output unit 31a includes a power source 4a connected in series, a first DC voltage generation unit 5a, and a first switch unit 6a. One end of the first switch unit 6 a is connected to the connection point 32.

  Hereinafter, the power supply 4a will be described as the upstream side and the connection point 32 as the downstream side.

  The power source 4a is an AC power source that alternately applies a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the first DC voltage generator 5a.

  The first DC voltage generator 5a includes a drive circuit 51a connected to the power source 4a, a transformer 52a connected to the output side thereof, and a positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a connected downstream of the transformer 52a. . The first switch unit 6a is connected downstream of the positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a.

  The drive circuit 51a is composed of, for example, an H bridge circuit. A primary winding of the transformer unit 52a is connected between the pair of output terminals 511a and 512a of the drive circuit 51a.

  One end of the secondary winding of the transformer unit 52a (upper side in FIG. 1) is connected to the capacitor 532a of the positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a, and the other end of the secondary winding is grounded.

  The positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a includes a Cockcroft-Walton circuit which is a multi-stage rectifier circuit configured by connecting a plurality of diodes 531a and a plurality of capacitors 532a in series. Each diode 531a has an anode connected to the upstream side and a cathode connected to the downstream side.

  The first switch unit 6a includes a first light receiving unit 61a made of a photodiode having a cathode connected to the positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a and an anode connected to the connection point 32, and the first light receiving unit 61a is turned on (conducted) or turned off. And a first light emitting unit for making the (non-conductive) state.

  The first light emitting unit is configured by connecting two LEDs 62a and 63a connected to the DC power source 64a, a resistor 65a, and a first switch element 66a in series, and one end of the first switch element 66a (connected to the resistor 65a). The other side is not grounded. The first switch element 66a is switched on or off by the first control signal SC1 from the control circuit 7.

  With respect to the voltage applied from the drive circuit 51a to the primary winding of the transformer 52a, the polarity of the voltage at which the upper output terminal 511a is positive (+) with respect to the lower output terminal 512a in FIG. The polarity of the voltage of −) is negative.

(Configuration of negative voltage output section)
The negative voltage output unit 31b includes a power source 4b, a second DC voltage generation unit 5b, and a second switch unit 6b connected in series. One end of the second switch portion 6 b is connected to the connection point 32.

  Hereinafter, the power supply 4b will be described as the upstream side and the connection point 32 as the downstream side.

  The power source 4b is an AC power source that alternately applies a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the second DC voltage generator 5b.

  The second DC voltage generator 5b includes a drive circuit 51b connected to the power supply 4b, a transformer 52b connected to the output side thereof, and a negative voltage rectifier circuit 53b connected downstream of the transformer 52b. . The second switch unit 6b is connected downstream of the negative voltage doubler rectifier circuit 53b.

  The drive circuit 51b is configured by, for example, an H bridge circuit. The primary winding of the transformer unit 52b is connected between the pair of output terminals 511b and 512b of the drive circuit 51b.

  One end of the secondary winding of the transformer unit 52b (upper side in FIG. 1) is connected to the capacitor 532b of the negative voltage rectifier circuit 53b, and the other end of the secondary winding is grounded.

  The negative voltage doubler rectifier circuit 53b includes a Cockcroft-Walton circuit which is a multistage rectifier circuit configured by connecting a plurality of diodes 531b and a plurality of capacitors 532b in series. Each diode 531b has a cathode connected to the upstream side and an anode connected to the downstream side.

  The second switch unit 6b includes a second light receiving unit 61b made of a photodiode having an anode connected to the negative voltage rectifier circuit 53b and a cathode connected to the connection point 32, and the second light receiving unit 61b is turned on (conductive) or And a second light emitting unit for turning off (non-conducting).

  The second light emitting unit is configured by connecting two LEDs 62b and 63b connected to the DC power supply 64b, a resistor 65b, and a second switch element 66b in series, and one end of the second switch element 66b (connected to the resistor 65b). The other side is not grounded. The second switch element 66b is switched on or off by the second control signal SC2 from the control circuit 7.

  In the present embodiment, regarding the voltage applied from the drive circuit 51b to the primary winding of the transformer 52b, the polarity of the voltage at which the upper output terminal 511b is positive (+) with respect to the lower output terminal 512b in FIG. Positive polarity, negative (-) voltage polarity is negative.

  According to the power supply device 3a configured as described above, in the positive voltage output unit 31a, when the third control signal SC3 is sent from the control circuit 7 to the drive circuit 51a, the drive circuit 51a causes the primary winding of the transformer unit 52a. A positive and negative voltage is applied to the wire. When the applied voltage is positive, a high positive voltage is generated in the secondary winding of the transformer 52a. When the applied voltage is negative, the negative winding is applied to the secondary winding of the transformer 52a. High voltage is generated.

  The AC high voltage generated in this way is converted to a DC voltage (positive voltage) by the positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a, boosted, and applied to the first switch unit 6a. In the first switch unit 6a, when the first switch element 66a is turned on by the first control signal SC1, the two LEDs 62a and 63a emit light when energized. By receiving this light, the first photodiode 61a has a resistance value with respect to a leakage current (positive current), so that a positive current is output to the connection point 32 through the first photodiode 61a.

  Further, when the first switch element 66a is off, the two LEDs 62a and 63a do not emit light because the power supply is cut off. As a result, the first photodiode 61a has a large resistance value against leakage current (positive current), so that the positive current is blocked by the first photodiode 61a.

  On the other hand, in the negative voltage output unit 31b, when the fourth control signal SC4 is sent from the control circuit 7 to the drive circuit 51b, the drive circuit 51b applies positive and negative voltages to the primary winding of the transformer unit 52b. . When the applied voltage is positive, a positive high voltage is generated in the secondary winding of the transformer 52b, and when the applied voltage is negative, the negative winding is generated in the secondary winding of the transformer 52b. High voltage is generated.

  The AC high voltage generated in this way is converted to a DC voltage (negative voltage) by the negative voltage rectifier circuit 53b, boosted, and applied to the second switch unit 6b. In the second switch unit 6b, when the second switch element 66b is turned on by the second control signal SC2, the two LEDs 62b and 63b emit light when energized. By receiving this light, the second photodiode 61b has a resistance value with respect to the leakage current (negative current), so that a negative current is output to the connection point 32 through the second photodiode 61b.

  On the other hand, when the second switch element 66b is off, the two LEDs 62b and 63b do not emit light because power supply is cut off. As a result, the second photodiode 61b has a large resistance value with respect to the leakage current (negative current), so that the negative current is blocked by the second photodiode 61b.

  The relationship between the photodiode and the light emitting element (LED) will be supplemented in more detail with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows the current value (unit: mA) flowing through the LED on the horizontal axis, the current value (unit: μA) of the leakage current (positive current) flowing through the photodiode on the left vertical axis, and the photodiode resistance value ( (Unit: MΩ) is a graph representing the right vertical axis.

  The black circles in FIG. 2 indicate the measured current value of the leakage current (positive current) flowing through the photodiode with respect to the current value flowing through each light emitting element, and the alternate long and short dash line is derived based on the measured current value. The relationship between the current value of the leakage current flowing through the photodiode and the current value flowing through the light emitting element is shown.

  The black triangles in FIG. 2 indicate the resistance values (insulation resistance values) of the photodiodes calculated based on the measured current values with respect to the current values passed through the light emitting elements, and the two-dot chain line indicates the resistance values. The relationship between the resistance value of the photodiode derived based on the above and the current value flowing through the light emitting element is shown.

  As can be seen from FIG. 2, the value of the leakage current flowing through the photodiode is directly proportional to the value of the current flowing through the light emitting element. The resistance value of the photodiode is inversely proportional to the current value flowing through the light emitting element.

  Further, even if the current flowing through the light emitting element is increased, the resistance value of the photodiode is not completely zero. On the other hand, when no current flows through the light emitting element (when the light emitting element is not emitting light), the photodiode cuts off the leakage current almost completely.

(Configuration of control circuit)
The control circuit 7 is composed of a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an interface circuit, etc. (not shown).

  In the present embodiment, the control circuit 7 uses, as the first and second control signals SC1 and SC2 to be sent to the gates of the switch elements 66a and 66b, for example, a signal (rectangular) that turns on and off at a cycle designated via the input interface. The switch elements 66a and 66b are turned on / off so that the switch elements 66a and 66b are not simultaneously turned on by the on / off signal.

  In other words, the control circuit 7 includes a first control mode in which the first switch element 66a is turned on by the first control signal SC1 and the second switch element 66b is turned off by the second control signal SC2. Thus, the second control mode in which the first switch element 66a is turned off and the second switch element 66b is turned on by the second control signal is alternately switched at a period designated by the user and executed. .

  The control circuit 7 outputs the third and fourth control signals SC3 and SC4 to the drive circuits 51a and 51b based on a program stored in advance in the ROM, data input in advance from the outside, and the like, as described above. The operation of the drive circuits 51a and 51b is controlled.

(Operational effects of the first embodiment)
As described above, the on / off control of each switch element 66a, 66b is performed by the control signal from the control circuit 7, whereby the light emission state of each light emitting element 62a, 63a, 62b, 63b is controlled. The resistance value against the leakage current of the photodiodes 61a and 61b (whether each of the photodiodes 61a and 61b cuts off the voltage output from the positive voltage rectifier circuit 53a and the negative voltage rectifier circuit 53b) is controlled.

  As a result, the state in which the positive voltage output unit 31a outputs a positive voltage to the connection point 32 and the state in which the negative voltage output unit 31b outputs a negative voltage to the connection point 32 are cycles specified by the user. Since it is switched alternately at (specified cycle), a positive voltage and a negative voltage are output from the power supply device 3a at a frequency corresponding to the cycle.

  In FIG. 3A, when the first and second control signals SC1 and SC2 output to the switch elements 66a and 66b are switched with 5 milliseconds as a specified period (period corresponding to 200 Hz), the horizontal axis represents time, It is a graph which makes an axis | shaft the voltage output from the power supply device 3a.

  In FIG. 3B, the horizontal axis represents time when the first and second control signals SC1 and SC2 output to the switch elements 66a and 66b are switched with 20 milliseconds as a specified period (period corresponding to 50 Hz). The vertical axis is a graph with the voltage output from the power supply device 3a.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 3A and 3B, the frequency of the voltage output from the power supply device 3a is substantially equal to the frequency corresponding to each designated period.

  On the other hand, since the drive control of each photodiode 61a, 61b can be performed by controlling the light emission state of each light emitting element 62a, 63a, 62b, 63b, each photodiode 61a, 61b and each light emitting part which is its drive circuit Can be configured as separate potentials. As a result, the configuration of the power supply device 3a can be further simplified.

  Further, since the photodiodes 61a and 61b are generally cheaper than transistors, FETs, and MOSFETs, the power supply device 3a using the photodiodes 61a and 61b can be made inexpensive.

  Further, since the photodiodes 61a and 61b have some resistance even when receiving light, it is not necessary to provide a separate resistor, and the configuration of the power supply device 3a can be further simplified.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a power supply device that outputs a desired frequency can be configured inexpensively and simply.

(Other embodiments)
In the ion generator 1a of the first embodiment, the switch units 6a and 6b are provided downstream of the DC voltage generators 5a and 5b. Instead of this, as shown in FIG. Each voltage doubler rectifier circuit 53c, 53d may be provided, or, as shown in FIG. 5, the switch units 6e, 6f may be provided upstream of each voltage doubler rectifier circuit 53e, 53f.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the switch units 6c and 6d may be provided in the voltage doubler rectifier circuits 53c and 53d in the voltage output units 31c and 31d, respectively. In the example shown in FIG. 4, switch units 6c and 6d are respectively provided between the most downstream diodes 534c and 534d of the voltage doubler rectifier circuits 53c and 53d and the diodes 533c and 533d that are one upstream of the most downstream diode. Is provided.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the switch units 6e and 6f may be provided on the upstream side of the voltage doubler rectifier circuits 53e and 53f, respectively. In the example shown in FIG. 5, switch units 6e and 6f are arranged between the transformer units 52e and 52f and the most upstream diodes 535e and 535f, respectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a ... Ion generator, 2 ... Discharge electrode, 3a ... Power supply device, 5a ... 1st voltage doubler rectifier, 5b ... 2nd DC voltage generator, 6a ... 1st switch part, 6b ... 2nd switch part, 61a ... A first photodiode, 61b, a second photodiode.

Claims (3)

A first DC voltage generator that generates a positive DC voltage;
A second DC voltage generator for generating a negative DC voltage;
A first light emitting unit capable of controlling a light emitting operation, and a first photodiode connected to the first DC voltage generating unit and electrically conductive or nonconductive according to an amount of light received from the first light emitting unit. A first switching unit configured to include:
A second light emitting unit capable of controlling a light emitting operation; and a second photodiode connected to the second DC voltage generating unit and electrically conductive or nonconductive according to the amount of light received from the second light emitting unit. A second switching unit configured to include:
A first control mode for controlling operations of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit so that the first photodiode is conductive and the second photodiode is nonconductive; and the first photodiode is nonconductive. Control that executes a second control mode for controlling the operation of the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit so as to make the second photodiode conductive by alternately switching in a cycle corresponding to a desired frequency. And a power supply device. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein
The first switching unit is disposed between the first DC voltage generating unit and the output terminal,
The power supply apparatus, wherein the second switching unit is disposed between the second DC voltage generation unit and the output terminal.   An ion generation apparatus comprising the power supply device according to claim 1.