JP2016223404A - Compressor housing for supercharger and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Compressor housing for supercharger and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2016223404A
JP2016223404A JP2015112923A JP2015112923A JP2016223404A JP 2016223404 A JP2016223404 A JP 2016223404A JP 2015112923 A JP2015112923 A JP 2015112923A JP 2015112923 A JP2015112923 A JP 2015112923A JP 2016223404 A JP2016223404 A JP 2016223404A
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sliding member
housing
inner peripheral
housing body
impeller
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知之 磯谷
Tomoyuki Isotani
知之 磯谷
幸一 米澤
Koichi Yonezawa
幸一 米澤
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Toyota Motor Corp
Otics Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
Otics Corp
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Priority to JP2015112923A priority Critical patent/JP2016223404A/en
Priority to US15/150,793 priority patent/US20160356282A1/en
Priority to CN201610323659.XA priority patent/CN106246599A/en
Priority to DE102016110121.4A priority patent/DE102016110121B4/en
Publication of JP2016223404A publication Critical patent/JP2016223404A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/161—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/162—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/02—Selection of particular materials
    • F04D29/023—Selection of particular materials especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05D2230/239—Inertia or friction welding

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor housing for a supercharger and a method of manufacturing the same, which can reduce the number of components and costs.SOLUTION: A compressor housing 1 for a supercharger has a housing body 20 configured to house an impeller 10 and formed with an inner peripheral recess 21 which is annular along the outer periphery of the impeller 10 and is concave in the inner peripheral surface, and an annular slide member 30 which is disposed in the inner peripheral recess 21 and has the inner peripheral surface forming a shroud surface 31 opposed to the impeller 10. The housing body 20 has a diffuser surface 24 which is formed to continue to the shroud surface 31 on the outer peripheral side of the shroud surface 31. At the boundary 101 between the outer peripheral end of the slide member 30 and the inner peripheral end of the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20, a junction 4 is formed, at which the housing body 20 and the slide member 30 are joined by friction stir welding.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング及びその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a compressor housing for a supercharger and a method for manufacturing the same.

自動車のターボチャージャ等の過給機に用いられるコンプレッサ（圧縮機）は、インペラを収容可能に構成されていると共に、インペラに向けて空気を吸い込む吸気口と、インペラの外周側において周方向に形成され、インペラから吐き出された空気を導入するスクロール室と、インペラに対向するシュラウド面とを備えたコンプレッサハウジングを有している。   A compressor (compressor) used in a turbocharger of an automobile turbocharger is configured to be able to accommodate an impeller, and is formed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the impeller, and an intake port that sucks air toward the impeller And a compressor housing having a scroll chamber for introducing the air discharged from the impeller and a shroud surface facing the impeller.

上記構成のコンプレッサにおいては、インペラのブレードとコンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面との間の隙間をできる限り小さくすることで、コンプレッサの圧縮効率を高めることができる。
ところが、この隙間を小さくすると、例えば振動やインペラ回転軸の振れ等によってインペラのブレードがコンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面に接触した場合に、インペラが損傷してしまうおそれがある。 In the compressor having the above-described configuration, the compression efficiency of the compressor can be increased by making the gap between the impeller blade and the shroud surface of the compressor housing as small as possible.
However, if this gap is reduced, the impeller may be damaged when the blades of the impeller come into contact with the shroud surface of the compressor housing, for example, due to vibration or vibration of the impeller rotation shaft.

そこで、従来、コンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面を形成する部分にインペラのブレードよりも軟質な樹脂等で構成された滑り部材を取り付けた構造が提案されている（特許文献１）。
これによれば、万が一振動やインペラ回転軸の振れ等によってインペラのブレードがコンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面に接触しても、そのシュラウド面を形成する部分に取り付けた滑り部材が削れるだけであり、インペラは破損ぜず、インペラのブレードとコンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面との間の隙間は、小さいままで維持される。 Therefore, a structure in which a sliding member made of a resin softer than an impeller blade is attached to a portion of the compressor housing that forms the shroud surface has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
According to this, even if the blade of the impeller contacts the shroud surface of the compressor housing due to vibration or the swing of the impeller rotating shaft, the sliding member attached to the portion that forms the shroud surface is only scraped. Without any breakage, the clearance between the impeller blades and the shroud surface of the compressor housing remains small.

特開平９−１７０４４２号公報JP-A-9-170442

しかしながら、上記特許文献１では、滑り部材をシュラウド部に固定するために、滑り部材をインペラと対向しないディフューザ部まで拡大している。そして、その拡大した部位に設けたネジ挿通穴を介して、ネジ部材によって滑り部材をコンプレッサハウジングの本体（ハウジング本体）に締結固定している。そのため、上記部位を拡大した分、滑り部材が大型化することとなる。滑り部材は、一般に、ハウジング本体よりも高価な材料を用いる必要があるため、滑り部材の大型化に伴い、コンプレッサハウジング全体のコストが高くなってしまう。   However, in the said patent document 1, in order to fix a sliding member to a shroud part, the sliding member is expanded to the diffuser part which does not oppose an impeller. The sliding member is fastened and fixed to the main body (housing main body) of the compressor housing by a screw member through a screw insertion hole provided in the enlarged portion. For this reason, the sliding member is increased in size by enlarging the portion. Since the sliding member generally needs to use a material that is more expensive than the housing body, the cost of the entire compressor housing increases with an increase in the size of the sliding member.

また、上記特許文献１の構成のように、ネジ部材を用いると、部品点数が多くなるばかりか、ハウジング本体に形成するネジ穴加工や、滑り部材に形成するネジ挿通穴の加工が必要となる。かかる観点からも、製造コストが高くなりやすい。   In addition, when the screw member is used as in the configuration of Patent Document 1, not only the number of parts is increased, but also the screw hole processing formed in the housing body and the screw insertion hole formed in the sliding member are required. . Also from this viewpoint, the manufacturing cost tends to be high.

本発明は、かかる背景に鑑みてなされたものであり、部品点数及びコストを低減することができる、過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング及びその製造方法を提供しようとするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compressor housing for a supercharger and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the number of parts and the cost.

本発明の一態様は、インペラを収容可能に構成されるとともに、該インペラの外周に沿って環状をなす内周面において凹状の内周凹部が形成されたハウジング本体と、
上記内周凹部に配設されるとともに、その内周面が上記インペラに対向するシュラウド面を形成する環状の滑り部材と、を有し、
上記ハウジング本体は、上記シュラウド面の外周側において該シュラウド面に連続するように形成されたディフューザ面を有し、
上記滑り部材の外周端部と上記ハウジング本体の上記ディフューザ面の内周端部との境界部には、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記ハウジング本体と上記滑り部材とを接合した接合部が形成されていることを特徴とする過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングにある。 One aspect of the present invention is configured to be capable of accommodating an impeller, and has a housing body in which a concave inner peripheral recess is formed on an inner peripheral surface forming an annular shape along the outer periphery of the impeller;
An annular sliding member which is disposed in the inner circumferential recess and whose inner circumferential surface forms a shroud surface facing the impeller;
The housing body has a diffuser surface formed to be continuous with the shroud surface on the outer peripheral side of the shroud surface,
At the boundary portion between the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member and the inner peripheral end portion of the diffuser surface of the housing body, a joint portion is formed by joining the housing body and the sliding member by friction stir welding. It is in the compressor housing for superchargers characterized by this.

本発明の他の態様は、上記過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングを製造する方法であって、
上記滑り部材を上記ハウジング本体の上記内周凹部に組み付ける組付け工程と、
次いで、上記滑り部材の外周端部と上記ハウジング本体の上記ディフューザ面の内周端部との境界部において摩擦撹拌接合を行うことにより、上記接合部を形成する摩擦撹拌接合工程と、
次いで、上記滑り部材及び上記ハウジング本体を切削加工することにより、上記シュラウド面及び上記ディフューザ面を形成する切削工程とを行い、
上記切削工程において、上記シュラウド面及び上記ディフューザ面の形成と共に、上記接合部の表面を切削して、該表面が上記ディフューザ面及び上記シュラウド面と滑らかに連続するように加工することを特徴とする過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングの製造方法にある。 Another aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a compressor housing for the supercharger,
An assembling step of assembling the sliding member into the inner peripheral recess of the housing body;
Next, by performing friction stir welding at the boundary between the outer peripheral end of the sliding member and the inner peripheral end of the diffuser surface of the housing body, a friction stir welding step for forming the joint,
Next, by cutting the sliding member and the housing body, a cutting process for forming the shroud surface and the diffuser surface is performed.
In the cutting process, together with the formation of the shroud surface and the diffuser surface, the surface of the joint is cut so that the surface is smoothly continuous with the diffuser surface and the shroud surface. It is in the manufacturing method of the compressor housing for superchargers.

上記過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングにおいて、滑り部材の外周端部とハウジング本体のディフューザ面の内周端部との境界部には、上記接合部が形成されている。すなわち、ハウジング本体と滑り部材とが、摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されている。そのため、滑り部材に、ネジ部材等の固定部材を係合する部位を設ける必要がなく、滑り部材の小型化を図ることができる。つまり、材料費が比較的高くなりやすい滑り部材を小型化することで、コスト低減を図ることができる。
また、摩擦撹拌接合を用いることにより、ハウジング本体と滑り部材とを固定するための固定部材が必要ないため、部品点数を低減することもできる。 In the compressor housing for the supercharger, the joint is formed at the boundary between the outer peripheral end of the sliding member and the inner peripheral end of the diffuser surface of the housing body. That is, the housing body and the sliding member are joined by friction stir welding. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the sliding member with a portion for engaging a fixing member such as a screw member, and the sliding member can be downsized. That is, the cost can be reduced by downsizing the sliding member that tends to have a relatively high material cost.
Further, by using friction stir welding, there is no need for a fixing member for fixing the housing body and the sliding member, so that the number of parts can be reduced.

以上のごとく、本発明によれば、部品点数及びコストを低減することができる、過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング及びその製造方法を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compressor housing for a supercharger and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the number of parts and the cost.

実施形態１における、過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングを備えるターボチャージャの断面図であって、図４のＩ−Ｉ線矢視断面相当の断面図。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a turbocharger including a compressor housing for a supercharger in Embodiment 1, and is a cross-sectional view corresponding to a cross-section taken along the line I-I in FIG. 4. 実施形態１における、コンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面近傍の拡大断面図であって、図１の部分拡大断面図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view in the vicinity of the shroud surface of the compressor housing in the first embodiment, and is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 1. 実施形態１における、コンプレッサハウジングのシュラウド面近傍の拡大断面図であって、図４のIII−III線矢視断面相当の断面図。FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view in the vicinity of the shroud surface of the compressor housing in the first embodiment, corresponding to the cross-section taken along the line III-III in FIG. 4. 実施形態１における、ディフューザ面側から見たコンプレッサハウジングの一部の平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view of a part of the compressor housing as viewed from the diffuser surface side in the first embodiment. 実施形態１における、ディフューザ面側から見た接合部の拡大平面図。FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a joint portion viewed from the diffuser surface side in the first embodiment. 実施形態１における、ハウジング本体と滑り部材との組み付け直前の状態の断面説明図。Sectional explanatory drawing of the state just before the assembly | attachment of the housing main body and a sliding member in Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１における、ハウジング本体と滑り部材とを組み付けてなるサブアッシーの断面説明図。Sectional explanatory drawing of the sub assembly which assembled | attached the housing main body and the sliding member in Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施形態１における、境界部の拡大断面図および回転ツールの説明図。The expanded sectional view of the boundary part in Embodiment 1, and explanatory drawing of a rotation tool. 実施形態１における、摩擦撹拌接合工程の直後の状態を表す拡大断面図。The expanded sectional view showing the state immediately after the friction stir welding process in Embodiment 1.

（実施形態１）
過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング及びその製造方法につき、図１〜図９を用いて説明する。
本実施形態の過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング１は、図１に示すごとく、ハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０とを有する。 (Embodiment 1)
A compressor housing for a supercharger and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor housing 1 for a supercharger according to this embodiment includes a housing body 20 and a sliding member 30.

ハウジング本体２０は、インペラ１０を収容可能に構成されるとともに、インペラ１０の外周に沿って環状をなす内周面において凹状の内周凹部２１が形成されている。
滑り部材３０は、ハウジング本体２０の内周凹部２１に配設されるとともに、その内周面がインペラ１０に対向するシュラウド面３１を形成する環状の部材である。 The housing main body 20 is configured to be able to accommodate the impeller 10, and a concave inner peripheral recess 21 is formed on the inner peripheral surface forming an annular shape along the outer periphery of the impeller 10.
The sliding member 30 is an annular member that is disposed in the inner peripheral recess 21 of the housing main body 20 and that has an inner peripheral surface that forms a shroud surface 31 that faces the impeller 10.

ハウジング本体２０は、シュラウド面３１の外周側においてシュラウド面３１に連続するように形成されたディフューザ面２４を有する。
図１、図２、図４、図５に示すごとく、滑り部材３０の外周端部とハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４の内周端部との境界部１０１には、摩擦撹拌接合によってハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０とを接合した接合部４が形成されている。摩擦撹拌接合については、後述する。 The housing body 20 has a diffuser surface 24 formed to be continuous with the shroud surface 31 on the outer peripheral side of the shroud surface 31.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the housing body 20 is connected to the boundary 101 between the outer peripheral end of the sliding member 30 and the inner peripheral end of the diffuser surface 24 of the housing main body 20 by friction stir welding. And the sliding member 30 are joined to each other. The friction stir welding will be described later.

図１に示すように、コンプレッサハウジング１は、自動車のターボチャージャー（過給機）に用いられるコンプレッサ（圧縮機）の外殻を形成するものである。
ハウジング本体２０は、例えばアルミニウム製の重力鋳造品により構成されており、図１に示すように、吸気口１１、吸気通路１２及びスクロール室１３を備えている。
吸気口１１及び吸気通路１２は、筒状を成している筒状部２３によって形成されている。スクロール室１３は、インペラ１０の外周側において周方向に形成され、インペラ１０から吐き出された空気を導入するように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor housing 1 forms an outer shell of a compressor (compressor) used in a turbocharger (supercharger) of an automobile.
The housing body 20 is made of, for example, an aluminum gravity cast product, and includes an intake port 11, an intake passage 12, and a scroll chamber 13, as shown in FIG.
The intake port 11 and the intake passage 12 are formed by a cylindrical portion 23 having a cylindrical shape. The scroll chamber 13 is formed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 10 and is configured to introduce the air discharged from the impeller 10.

内周凹部２１は、ハウジング本体２０の内周面において、滑り部材３０の外周に沿うように形成されている。そして、内周凹部２１は、後述の滑り部材３０における円筒状の滑り部材本体部３１０に沿って凹状に形成された円筒状の第１凹部２１０と、滑り部材３０における拡径部３１１に沿って、第１凹部２１０からさらに外周側へ凹状に形成された円筒状の第２凹部２２０とを有する。これにより、内周凹部２１は、滑り部材３０が配設可能に構成されている。   The inner peripheral recess 21 is formed along the outer periphery of the sliding member 30 on the inner peripheral surface of the housing body 20. And the inner periphery recessed part 21 is along the cylindrical 1st recessed part 210 formed concavely along the cylindrical sliding member main-body part 310 in the below-mentioned sliding member 30, and the enlarged diameter part 311 in the sliding member 30. And a cylindrical second concave portion 220 formed in a concave shape from the first concave portion 210 to the outer peripheral side. Thereby, the inner periphery recessed part 21 is comprised so that the sliding member 30 can be arrange | positioned.

滑り部材３０は、熱可塑性を有すると共に弾性変形可能な部材により形成することができる。例えば、滑り部材３０は、熱可塑性のポリイミド樹脂からなる。熱可塑性のポリイミド樹脂としては、例えば、三井化学社製のオーラム（登録商標）がある。滑り部材３０の形成材料としては、これに限らず、例えば、デュポン社製のベスペル（登録商標）のＴＰシリーズ等を採用することができる。   The sliding member 30 can be formed of a member that has thermoplasticity and is elastically deformable. For example, the sliding member 30 is made of a thermoplastic polyimide resin. An example of the thermoplastic polyimide resin is Aurum (registered trademark) manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals. The material for forming the sliding member 30 is not limited to this, and, for example, a Bespel (registered trademark) TP series manufactured by DuPont may be employed.

滑り部材３０は、図４に示すように、環状を成しており、その内周面の全域がインペラ１０（図１）に対向してシュラウド面３１を形成している。さらに、図１〜図３に示すごとく、滑り部材３０は、筒状の滑り部材本体部３１０と、滑り部材本体部３１０における吸気口１１と反対側において径方向外側に拡径されて形成された拡径部３１１とを備える。拡径部３１１は滑り部材３０の全周にわたって形成されている。滑り部材３０は、内周凹部２１における第１凹部２１０に滑り部材本体部３１０が位置し、第２凹部２２０に拡径部３１１が位置して、内周凹部２１に配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the sliding member 30 has an annular shape, and the entire inner peripheral surface thereof forms a shroud surface 31 facing the impeller 10 (FIG. 1). Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the sliding member 30 is formed to have a cylindrical sliding member main body portion 310 and the diameter of the sliding member main body portion 310 is increased radially outward on the opposite side of the air inlet 11 in the sliding member main body portion 310. And an enlarged diameter portion 311. The enlarged diameter portion 311 is formed over the entire circumference of the sliding member 30. The sliding member 30 is disposed in the inner circumferential recess 21 with the sliding member main body 310 positioned in the first recess 210 in the inner circumferential recess 21 and the diameter-enlarged portion 311 positioned in the second recess 220.

滑り部材３０は、拡径部３１１の外周面が第２凹部２２０の内周面に圧接した状態で、内周凹部２１に圧入されている。また、滑り部材本体部３１０の外径は第１凹部２１０の内径よりも小さく、滑り部材本体部３１０の外周面は、第１凹部２１０の内周面に接触していない。   The sliding member 30 is press-fitted into the inner peripheral recess 21 in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 311 is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the second recess 220. Further, the outer diameter of the sliding member main body 310 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first recess 210, and the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member main body 310 is not in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the first recess 210.

図４に示すごとく、コンプレッサハウジング１を軸方向Ｘのディフューザ面２４側から見たとき、ハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０との境界部１０１、すなわちディフューザ面２４とシュラウド面３１との境界部１０１は、円形状に形成されている。接合部４は、境界部１０１の一部に形成されている。また、図２、図５に示すごとく、接合部４の中心は、境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置している。ここで、接合部４の中心とは、コンプレッサハウジング１の径方向における接合部４の中心を意味する。すなわち、接合部４は、境界部１０１を基準にして、滑り部材３０側（内周側）にはみ出した寸法ａよりも、ハウジング本体２０（シュラウド面２４側：外周側）にはみ出した寸法ｂの方が大きい。   As shown in FIG. 4, when the compressor housing 1 is viewed from the diffuser surface 24 side in the axial direction X, the boundary portion 101 between the housing body 20 and the sliding member 30, that is, the boundary portion 101 between the diffuser surface 24 and the shroud surface 31 is It is formed in a circular shape. The joint portion 4 is formed at a part of the boundary portion 101. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the center of the joint portion 4 is located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion 101. Here, the center of the joint 4 means the center of the joint 4 in the radial direction of the compressor housing 1. That is, the joint 4 has a dimension b that protrudes to the housing body 20 (the shroud surface 24 side: the outer periphery side) rather than the dimension a that protrudes to the sliding member 30 side (inner periphery side) with reference to the boundary portion 101. Is bigger.

本実施形態においては、図４に示すごとく、円形の境界部１０１上の４か所に、接合部４が形成されている。接合部４は、等間隔に配置されている。ただし、接合部４の個数は、特に限定されるものではない。また、接合部４は、境界部１０１の全周にわたって形成されていてもよい。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the joint portions 4 are formed at four locations on the circular boundary portion 101. The joining parts 4 are arranged at equal intervals. However, the number of the joint portions 4 is not particularly limited. Further, the joint portion 4 may be formed over the entire circumference of the boundary portion 101.

また、図１に示すように、コンプレッサハウジング１を用いてターボチャージャを構成したとき、ハウジング本体２０における吸気口１１と反対側には、インペラ１０の軸受ハウジング又はバックプレートの端面７０が位置する。そして、当該端面７０とハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４との間には、インペラ１０側からスクロース室１２へつながる流体通路となるディフューザ部１４が形成される。   As shown in FIG. 1, when the turbocharger is configured using the compressor housing 1, the bearing housing of the impeller 10 or the end surface 70 of the back plate is located on the opposite side of the housing body 20 from the intake port 11. A diffuser portion 14 serving as a fluid passage leading from the impeller 10 side to the sucrose chamber 12 is formed between the end surface 70 and the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20.

また、図１に示すように、インペラ１０は、ハウジング本体２０の滑り部材３０の内周面（シュラウド面３１）側に配置されており、回転軸１５を中心に回転可能に取り付けられている。また、インペラ１０は、ハブ１６と、その外周面から周方向に並んで突出した複数のブレード１７とを備える。複数のブレード１７は、滑り部材３０のシュラウド面３１に対向して配置されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the impeller 10 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface (the shroud surface 31) side of the sliding member 30 of the housing body 20, and is attached so as to be rotatable about the rotation shaft 15. Further, the impeller 10 includes a hub 16 and a plurality of blades 17 that protrude in the circumferential direction from the outer peripheral surface thereof. The plurality of blades 17 are arranged to face the shroud surface 31 of the sliding member 30.

本実施形態の過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング１を備えるコンプレッサでは、図１に示すように、インペラ１０の回転により、吸気口１１から吸気通路１２を通じて吸い込まれた空気は、インペラ１０のブレード１７によって加速されてディフューザ部１４に送られる。そして、当該空気は、ディフューザ部１４において昇圧されて、スクロール室１３へと送り込まれる。   In the compressor including the compressor housing 1 for the supercharger of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the air sucked from the intake port 11 through the intake passage 12 by the rotation of the impeller 10 is caused by the blade 17 of the impeller 10. Accelerated and sent to the diffuser section 14. Then, the air is pressurized in the diffuser unit 14 and sent into the scroll chamber 13.

次に、本実施形態のコンプレッサハウジング１の製造方法について説明する。
本製造方法は、図６、図７に示すごとく、滑り部材３０をハウジング本体２０の内周凹部２１に組み付ける組付け工程と、その後に行う以下の摩擦撹拌接合工程と、切削工程とを行う。
摩擦撹拌接合工程においては、図８、図９に示すごとく、滑り部材３０の外周端部とハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４の内周端部との境界部１０１において摩擦撹拌接合を行う。これにより、接合部４を形成する。 Next, the manufacturing method of the compressor housing 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the present manufacturing method performs an assembling process for assembling the sliding member 30 to the inner peripheral recess 21 of the housing body 20, a friction stir welding process described below, and a cutting process.
In the friction stir welding step, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, friction stir welding is performed at the boundary portion 101 between the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member 30 and the inner peripheral end portion of the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20. Thereby, the junction part 4 is formed.

切削工程においては、摩擦撹拌接合工程の後、滑り部材３０及びハウジング本体２０を切削加工することにより、図２に示すごとく、シュラウド面３１及びディフューザ面２４を形成する。
そして、切削工程においては、シュラウド面３１及びディフューザ面２４の形成と共に、接合部４の表面を切削して、該表面がディフューザ面２４及びシュラウド面３１と滑らかに連続するように加工する。 In the cutting step, after the friction stir welding step, the sliding member 30 and the housing body 20 are cut to form the shroud surface 31 and the diffuser surface 24 as shown in FIG.
In the cutting process, the shroud surface 31 and the diffuser surface 24 are formed, and the surface of the joint portion 4 is cut so that the surface is smoothly continuous with the diffuser surface 24 and the shroud surface 31.

上記切削工程の前の段階においては、滑り部材３０はシュラウド面３１（図１〜図３参照）を有しておらず、図６〜図９に示すごとく、内周面３２が軸方向Ｘの全体にわたって一様に形成された形状となっている。かかる形状の滑り部材３０が、上記組付け工程において、ハウジング本体２０の内周凹部２１に嵌入されることで、図７に示すごとく、ハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０とが互いに組み付けられたサブアッシー１００が得られる。   In the stage before the cutting step, the sliding member 30 does not have the shroud surface 31 (see FIGS. 1 to 3), and the inner peripheral surface 32 is in the axial direction X as shown in FIGS. The shape is uniformly formed throughout. By inserting the sliding member 30 having such a shape into the inner peripheral recess 21 of the housing body 20 in the assembly step, as shown in FIG. 7, the sub-assembly includes the housing body 20 and the sliding member 30 assembled together. 100 is obtained.

また、上記組付け工程においては、滑り部材３０の拡径部３１１の外周面が、ハウジング本体２０の内周凹部２１における第２凹部２２０の内周面に圧接した状態で、内周凹部２１に圧入される。すなわち、ハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４の内周端部と、滑り部材３０の外周端部とは、互いに接触した状態にある。この接触部が、境界部１０１であり、上記摩擦撹拌接合工程においては、境界部１０１を跨ぐようにして、接合部４を形成する。   In the assembling step, the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 311 of the sliding member 30 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the second concave portion 220 in the inner peripheral concave portion 21 of the housing body 20, and the inner peripheral concave portion 21. Press fit. That is, the inner peripheral end portion of the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20 and the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member 30 are in contact with each other. This contact portion is the boundary portion 101, and in the friction stir welding step, the joint portion 4 is formed so as to straddle the boundary portion 101.

摩擦撹拌接合（ＦＳＷ：Friction
Stir Welding）は、高速で自転する回転ツール５を、滑り部材３０とハウジング本体２０との境界部１０１付近（被処理部）に押し当て、境界部１０１に沿って回転ツール５を移動させることにより、滑り部材３０とハウジング本体２０とを接合するものである。回転ツール５は、図８に示すごとく、円柱状のショルダ部５１と、該ショルダ部５１の先端面から突出した、小径の円柱形状のプローブ部５２とを有する。 Friction stir welding (FSW: Friction
Stir Welding) presses the rotating tool 5 that rotates at high speed against the vicinity of the boundary portion 101 (the portion to be processed) between the sliding member 30 and the housing body 20, and moves the rotating tool 5 along the boundary portion 101. The sliding member 30 and the housing body 20 are joined together. As shown in FIG. 8, the rotary tool 5 includes a columnar shoulder portion 51 and a small-diameter columnar probe portion 52 that protrudes from the distal end surface of the shoulder portion 51.

そして、高速回転する回転ツール５を、図８の矢印Ｆに示すように、被処理部に押し当てたときに生じる摩擦熱によって、滑り部材３０及びハウジング本体２０の材料（例えばポリイミド樹脂及びアルミニウム合金）において、塑性流動が生じる。具体的には、滑り部材３０及びハウジング本体２０の材料が、被処理部における所定の深さまで押し込まれたプローブ部５２によって撹拌されて、表面に溢れ出るよう流動する。これと共に、この流動した滑り部材３０及びハウジング本体２０の材料が、ショルダ部５１の先端面によって押し付けられつつ撹拌される。その結果、塑性流動した材料同士が融合した後、固化して、滑り部材３０とハウジング本体２０とを互いに接合する接合部４が形成される。   Then, as shown by the arrow F in FIG. 8, the material of the sliding member 30 and the housing main body 20 (for example, polyimide resin and aluminum alloy) is generated by frictional heat generated when the rotating tool 5 is pressed against the processing target. ), Plastic flow occurs. Specifically, the material of the sliding member 30 and the housing main body 20 is agitated by the probe portion 52 pushed to a predetermined depth in the processing target portion, and flows so as to overflow to the surface. At the same time, the fluidized material of the sliding member 30 and the housing main body 20 is agitated while being pressed by the front end surface of the shoulder portion 51. As a result, the plastically flowed materials are fused and then solidified to form the joint portion 4 that joins the sliding member 30 and the housing body 20 to each other.

また、摩擦撹拌接合工程においては、被処理部に押し当てられる回転ツール５の中心が、境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置するように、摩擦撹拌接合を行う。これにより、接合部４の中心が、境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置するようにすることができる。すなわち、摩擦撹拌接合の前において、滑り部材３０であった部分よりも、ハウジング本体２０であった部分の方が、より大きい範囲で摩擦撹拌されるようにする。
また、図９に示すごとく、摩擦撹拌接合工程によって得られた接合部４の表面は、平滑性がない状態となっている。 Further, in the friction stir welding process, the friction stir welding is performed so that the center of the rotary tool 5 pressed against the portion to be processed is positioned on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion 101. Thereby, the center of the joint portion 4 can be positioned on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion 101. That is, before the friction stir welding, the portion that was the housing main body 20 is subjected to friction stirring in a larger range than the portion that was the sliding member 30.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the surface of the junction part 4 obtained by the friction stir welding process is in a state without smoothness.

上記切削工程においては、サブアッシー１００を、滑り部材３０の内周面３２からハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４までにかけての領域を切削して、図２に示すように、シュラウド面３１を形成するとともに、接合部４の表面を切削する。そして、接合部４の表面を、ディフューザ面２４及びシュラウド面３１と連続した平滑性を有する表面に仕上げる。このようにして、図１に示すごとく、ハウジング本体２０に滑り部材３０が固定されたコンプレッサハウジング１が得られる。   In the cutting step, the subassembly 100 is cut in a region from the inner peripheral surface 32 of the sliding member 30 to the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20 to form a shroud surface 31 as shown in FIG. Then, the surface of the joint 4 is cut. And the surface of the junction part 4 is finished in the surface which has the smoothness which followed the diffuser surface 24 and the shroud surface 31. FIG. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the compressor housing 1 in which the sliding member 30 is fixed to the housing body 20 is obtained.

次に、本実施形態の作用効果につき説明する。
上記過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング１において、滑り部材３０の外周端部とハウジング本体２０のディフューザ面２４の内周端部との境界部１０１には、接合部４が形成されている。すなわち、ハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０とが、摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されている。そのため、滑り部材３０に、ネジ部材等の固定部材を係合する部位を設ける必要がなく、滑り部材３０の小型化を図ることができる。つまり、材料費が比較的高くなりやすい滑り部材３０を小型化することで、コスト低減を図ることができる。なお、摩擦撹拌接合においては、滑り部材３０にも撹拌代が必要ではあるが、固定部材を係合するための部位の幅に比べて、撹拌代の幅は充分に小さくすることができる。
また、摩擦撹拌接合を用いることにより、ハウジング本体２０と滑り部材３０とを固定するための固定部材が必要ないため、部品点数を低減することもできる。 Next, the effect of this embodiment is demonstrated.
In the compressor housing 1 for the supercharger, a joint portion 4 is formed at a boundary portion 101 between the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member 30 and the inner peripheral end portion of the diffuser surface 24 of the housing body 20. That is, the housing body 20 and the sliding member 30 are joined by friction stir welding. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the sliding member 30 with a portion for engaging a fixing member such as a screw member, and the sliding member 30 can be downsized. That is, the cost can be reduced by downsizing the sliding member 30 that tends to have a relatively high material cost. In the friction stir welding, the sliding member 30 also needs a stirring margin, but the width of the stirring margin can be made sufficiently smaller than the width of the portion for engaging the fixing member.
Further, by using friction stir welding, a fixing member for fixing the housing main body 20 and the sliding member 30 is not necessary, and therefore the number of parts can be reduced.

また、摩擦撹拌接合は、上述のごとく、回転ツール５と被処理部との摩擦熱を利用するものであるが、必要とするエネルギーも、例えばレーザを用いたナノポーラス形成による接合等と比べて、小さい。それゆえ、製造コストを充分に抑制することができる。
また、接合部４の表面の平滑化は、上記切削工程において、シュラウド面３１及びディフューザ面２４の形成と共に行うことができるため、製造コストを抑制することができる。 In addition, as described above, the friction stir welding uses frictional heat between the rotary tool 5 and the portion to be processed, but the required energy is, for example, compared to, for example, nanoporous formation using a laser, small. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be sufficiently suppressed.
Moreover, since the smoothing of the surface of the junction part 4 can be performed with the formation of the shroud surface 31 and the diffuser surface 24 in the cutting step, the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

また、接合部４の中心は、境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置している。これにより、滑り部材３０のより一層の小型化を図ることができる。すなわち、摩擦撹拌接合を行う場合においても、滑り部材３０のうちの一部に、接合部４を設けることとなるため、この接合部４がインペラ１０に対向しない位置に形成されるようにする必要はある。そのため、滑り部材３０の外周端部において、接合部４を形成するための、いわゆる撹拌代を設けておくこととなる。この撹拌代をなるべく小さくすることで、滑り部材３０の外径を極力小さくすることができる。その一方で、接合部４の幅（コンプレッサハウジング１の径方向における接合部４の寸法）は、回転ツール５の直径に依存し、回転ツール５の直径は、ある程度の大きさがないと、適切な摩擦撹拌接合を行うことが困難となる。   Further, the center of the joint portion 4 is located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion 101. Thereby, the further miniaturization of the sliding member 30 can be achieved. That is, even when performing friction stir welding, since the joint 4 is provided in a part of the sliding member 30, it is necessary to form the joint 4 at a position that does not face the impeller 10. There is. Therefore, a so-called stirring allowance for forming the joint portion 4 is provided at the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member 30. By reducing the stirring allowance as much as possible, the outer diameter of the sliding member 30 can be made as small as possible. On the other hand, the width of the joint 4 (the dimension of the joint 4 in the radial direction of the compressor housing 1) depends on the diameter of the rotary tool 5, and the diameter of the rotary tool 5 is appropriate if it is not a certain size. It is difficult to perform proper friction stir welding.

そこで、接合部４の幅を確保しつつ、滑り部材３０の撹拌代を小さくするべく、接合部４の中心が境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置する構成としている。これにより、滑り部材３０のより一層の小型化を図ることができ、より低コストのコンプレッサハウジング１を得ることができる。   Therefore, the center of the joint 4 is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the boundary portion 101 in order to reduce the stirring margin of the sliding member 30 while ensuring the width of the joint 4. Thereby, the further miniaturization of the sliding member 30 can be achieved, and the compressor housing 1 at a lower cost can be obtained.

また、これを容易に実現すべく、上記製造方法における摩擦撹拌接合工程においては、被処理部に押し当てられる回転ツール５の中心が、境界部１０１よりも外周側に位置するように、摩擦撹拌接合を行っている。つまり、滑り部材３０の材料（例えば、ポリイミド樹脂）よりも、ハウジング本体２０の材料（例えば、アルミニウム合金）であった部分の方が、より大きい範囲で摩擦撹拌されるようにすることで、比較的高価な滑り部材３０の材料コストを低減することができる。   Further, in order to easily realize this, in the friction stir welding process in the above manufacturing method, the friction stir is performed so that the center of the rotary tool 5 pressed against the processing target portion is located on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion 101. We are joining. In other words, compared with the material of the sliding member 30 (for example, polyimide resin), the portion that was the material of the housing body 20 (for example, aluminum alloy) is frictionally stirred in a larger range, so that the comparison is made. The material cost of the expensive sliding member 30 can be reduced.

以上のごとく、本実施形態によれば、部品点数及びコストを低減することができる、過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング及びその製造方法を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a compressor housing for a supercharger and a method for manufacturing the same, which can reduce the number of parts and the cost.

１ 過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング
１０１ 境界部
２０ ハウジング本体
２１ 内周凹部
２４ ディフューザ面
３０ 滑り部材
３１ シュラウド面
４ 接合部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor housing for turbochargers 101 Boundary part 20 Housing main body 21 Inner peripheral recessed part 24 Diffuser surface 30 Sliding member 31 Shroud surface 4 Joint part

Claims (4)

インペラを収容可能に構成されるとともに、該インペラの外周に沿って環状をなす内周面において凹状の内周凹部が形成されたハウジング本体と、
上記内周凹部に配設されるとともに、その内周面が上記インペラに対向するシュラウド面を形成する環状の滑り部材と、を有し、
上記ハウジング本体は、上記シュラウド面の外周側において該シュラウド面に連続するように形成されたディフューザ面を有し、
上記滑り部材の外周端部と上記ハウジング本体の上記ディフューザ面の内周端部との境界部には、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記ハウジング本体と上記滑り部材とを接合した接合部が形成されていることを特徴とする過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング。 A housing main body configured to be capable of accommodating an impeller and having a concave inner peripheral recess formed on an inner peripheral surface forming an annular shape along the outer periphery of the impeller;
An annular sliding member which is disposed in the inner circumferential recess and whose inner circumferential surface forms a shroud surface facing the impeller;
The housing body has a diffuser surface formed to be continuous with the shroud surface on the outer peripheral side of the shroud surface,
At the boundary portion between the outer peripheral end portion of the sliding member and the inner peripheral end portion of the diffuser surface of the housing body, a joint portion is formed by joining the housing body and the sliding member by friction stir welding. Compressor housing for turbochargers. 上記接合部は、上記境界部の一部に形成されており、上記接合部の中心は、上記境界部よりも外周側に位置していることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の過給機用のコンプレッサハウジング。   The supercharger according to claim 1, wherein the joint portion is formed at a part of the boundary portion, and a center of the joint portion is located on an outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion. Compressor housing for 請求項１又は２に記載の過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングを製造する方法であって、
上記滑り部材を上記ハウジング本体の上記内周凹部に組み付ける組付け工程と、
次いで、上記滑り部材の外周端部と上記ハウジング本体の上記ディフューザ面の内周端部との境界部において摩擦撹拌接合を行うことにより、上記接合部を形成する摩擦撹拌接合工程と、
次いで、上記滑り部材及び上記ハウジング本体を切削加工することにより、上記シュラウド面及び上記ディフューザ面を形成する切削工程とを行い、
上記切削工程においては、上記シュラウド面及び上記ディフューザ面の形成と共に、上記接合部の表面を切削して、該表面が上記ディフューザ面及び上記シュラウド面と滑らかに連続するように加工することを特徴とする過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングの製造方法。 A method for producing a compressor housing for a supercharger according to claim 1 or 2,
An assembling step of assembling the sliding member into the inner peripheral recess of the housing body;
Next, by performing friction stir welding at the boundary between the outer peripheral end of the sliding member and the inner peripheral end of the diffuser surface of the housing body, a friction stir welding step for forming the joint,
Next, by cutting the sliding member and the housing body, a cutting process for forming the shroud surface and the diffuser surface is performed.
The cutting step includes forming the shroud surface and the diffuser surface and cutting the surface of the joint so that the surface is smoothly continuous with the diffuser surface and the shroud surface. A method of manufacturing a compressor housing for a supercharger. 上記摩擦撹拌接合工程においては、被処理部に押し当てられる回転ツールの中心が、上記境界部よりも外周側に位置するように、摩擦撹拌接合を行うことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の過給機用のコンプレッサハウジングの製造方法。   The friction stir welding is performed in the friction stir welding step so that the center of the rotary tool pressed against the processing target portion is positioned on the outer peripheral side with respect to the boundary portion. A method of manufacturing a compressor housing for a supercharger.
JP2015112923A 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 Compressor housing for supercharger and method of manufacturing the same Pending JP2016223404A (en)

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