JP2016199916A - Pavement structure, pavement method, road water permeable block and manufacturing of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pavement structure, a pavement method, a road water permeable block and a manufacturing method thereof, which can prevent a POC layer from deteriorating and a road bed from scouring due to deterioration of the POC layer, improve water permeability by the POC layer and drain rain water retained in an underlayer of the POC layer without requiring a drain ditch.SOLUTION: A pavement structure 10 according to this invention comprises: a road bed 11 formed above a foundation G; a water permeable sheet 12 made of woven or nonwoven fabric laid on the road bed 11; and a porous concrete layer 13 formed on the water permeable sheet 12. Coefficient of permeability of the porous concrete layer 13 is larger than that of the water permeable sheet 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pavement structure, a pavement method, a water-permeable block for roads, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  Conventionally, a water-permeable pavement is known as a pavement structure considering safety improvement and the environment. Permeable pavement has effects such as prevention of hydroplaning phenomenon, mitigation of diffused reflection of light by rainwater (reduction of visibility degradation), load reduction of drainage channels, mitigation of heat island phenomenon in urban area, noise reduction, etc. Therefore, construction of permeable pavement is progressing mainly in urban areas.

  As concrete material having water permeability, porous concrete (porous concrete: POC) having a large porosity is known, and a technique of using this for water-permeable pavement has also been developed.

  When porous concrete (hereinafter referred to as POC) is used as a water-permeable pavement material, the water permeability and the water retention amount are increased, while the durability problem of POC and the harmful effects of a large amount of rainwater penetrating into the lower layer. Is also known.

  Specifically, since the POC layer has many voids, when the lower layer is a roadbed (roadbed), depending on the amount of rainwater passing through the POC layer and the flow rate, There is a problem that a small gap is formed by washing away the fine particles, and a scouring / cavity portion of the roadbed is formed in the future, which causes destruction of the pavement structure including the POC layer. In addition, a thin cement layer may be provided on the roadbed (roadbed) as a method to control the amount and speed of rainwater penetration into the roadbed (roadbed). Causes uneven thickness of the cement layer (an uncertain cement layer is formed), rainwater permeation control is not performed, and there is a possibility of weakness, and there is a concern about future deterioration of the roadbed .

  Therefore, a technique has been developed in which a water-impervious layer (water-impermeable layer) for storing rainwater is provided below a water-permeable concrete layer (POC layer) (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-31481 JP 2013-1000066 A2

  However, the conventional technology has problems such as increased man-hours due to the construction of the water-impervious layer and a drainage structure (such as a drainage ditch) for draining rainwater stored on the water-impervious layer. .

  The present invention prevents the scouring / cavity generation of the roadbed (roadbed) and the accompanying influence on the POC layer, increases the water permeability by the POC layer, and makes the drainage groove indispensable, or in general Pavement structure and pavement that can reduce the number of drainage facilities (such as gutters) that are essential for typical pavement drainage, and can stably infiltrate the rainwater stored in the POC layer into the roadbed (roadbed) It is an object to provide a method, a water permeable block for roads, and a method for producing the same.

  The present invention solves the above problems by the following means.

  (1) The present invention comprises a woven or non-woven water-permeable sheet laid on the ground or roadbed, and a porous concrete layer formed on the water-permeable sheet, and the water permeability of the porous concrete layer. The pavement structure is characterized in that a coefficient is larger than a water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet.

  (2) Moreover, this invention is the pavement structure as described in said (1) characterized by the said water-permeable sheet being resin-made woven fabrics.

(3) Further, in the present invention, the water permeability coefficient of the water-permeable sheet is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec. ).

(4) Further, in the present invention, the porous concrete layer has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / second to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / second. It is a pavement structure as described in any one of 3).

  (5) Moreover, this invention is a pavement structure as described in any one of said (1) thru | or (4) characterized by the porosity of the said porous concrete layer being 20%-30%. is there.

  (6) Moreover, this invention is a pavement structure as described in any one of said (1) thru | or (5) characterized by the aggregate dimensions of the said porous concrete layer being 5-20 mm. .

  (7) The pavement structure according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the water-permeable sheet has a tensile strength of 900 N / 5 cm to 3000 N / 5 cm. It is.

  (8) The present invention also includes a step of laying a woven or non-woven water-permeable sheet on a roadbed or ground, and a step of forming a porous concrete layer having a larger water permeability coefficient than the water-permeable sheet on the water-permeable sheet. And a pavement method characterized by comprising:

  (9) Moreover, this invention is the pavement method as described in said (8) characterized by the said water-permeable sheet being resin-made woven fabrics.

(10) Further, in the present invention, the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec, (8) or (9) ).

(11) Further, according to the present invention, the porous concrete layer has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec. ) Is a paving method according to any one of the above.

  (12) Moreover, the present invention provides a frame portion that is an opening that has an inner peripheral side that penetrates in the vertical direction, and a water-permeable sheet that covers the opening and is attached to one surface side of the frame portion. And a porous concrete layer cast in the opening, wherein the water permeability coefficient of the porous concrete layer is greater than the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet.

  (13) Moreover, this invention is the water-permeable block for roads as described in said (12) characterized by the said water-permeable sheet being a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric.

  (14) Moreover, this invention is the water-permeable block for roads as described in said (12) or (13) characterized by the said water-permeable sheet | seat being resin-made woven fabrics.

(15) Further, in the present invention, the water permeable sheet has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to about 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second. 14) The water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of 14).

(16) Further, in the present invention, the porous concrete layer has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec. It is a water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of 15).

  (17) Moreover, this invention is a water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of said (12) thru | or (16) characterized by the said frame part being comprised with concrete.

  (18) In the road according to any one of (12) to (17), the water-permeable sheet covers the side surface portion on the outer peripheral side of the frame portion. It is a permeable block.

  (19) Further, in the present invention, any one of the above (12) to (18), wherein the frame portion has a rectangular shape, and a paved road is configured by laying a plurality on the roadbed for sidewalks. It is a water-permeable block for roads as described in one.

  (20) In the present invention, any one of the above (12) to (18), wherein the frame portion is rectangular, and a paved road is configured by laying a plurality on the roadbed for roadways. It is a water-permeable block for roads as described in one.

  (21) In the road according to (20), the present invention is characterized in that a frame unit in which a plurality of the frame portions are connected in advance in a T shape or an L shape is meshed with each other and spread. It is a water permeable block.

  (22) Moreover, this invention is a water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of said (12) thru | or (21) characterized by providing a drain hole in the side surface of the outer peripheral side of the said frame part. .

  (23) Moreover, this invention is a water-permeable block for roads as described in said (22) characterized by the said water-permeable sheet covering even the said drain hole.

  (24) Further, the present invention provides a formwork having an opening that penetrates in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral side in a dedicated factory, and after the concrete is placed on the formwork, it is cured, and the formwork is removed. Forming a frame portion by molding, placing porous concrete in the opening from one surface side of the frame portion to form a porous concrete layer, and forming the porous concrete layer on the one surface side And a step of attaching a water permeable sheet having a smaller water permeability coefficient so as to cover the porous concrete layer.

  According to the present invention, the prevention of scouring / cavity generation of the roadbed (roadbed) and the accompanying influence on the POC layer can be prevented, the water permeability is increased by the POC layer, the drainage groove is not essential, or In addition, it is possible to reduce the number of drainage facilities (such as gutters) required for general pavement drainage, and to stably infiltrate the rainwater stored in the POC layer into the roadbed (roadbed).

It is a figure explaining the pavement structure which concerns on this embodiment, (a) It is sectional drawing of a pavement structure, (b) It is a cross-sectional perspective view of a pavement structure. (A) It is an external appearance perspective view of the frame part of the water-permeable block for sidewalks concerning this embodiment, (b) It is an external perspective view of the water-permeable block for sidewalks concerning this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the water-permeable block for sidewalks concerning this embodiment, (a) It is a top view, (b) It is a bottom view, (c) It is the sectional view on the AA line of (a). It is a figure which shows the sidewalk comprised using the water-permeable block for sidewalks of this embodiment, (a) It is a top view at the surface layer side, (b) It is BB sectional drawing of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the manufacturing process of the water-permeable block for sidewalks of this embodiment. (A) It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the frame part of the water-permeable block for roadways which concerns on this embodiment, (b) It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the water-permeable block for roadways which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the water-permeable block for roadways which concerns on this embodiment, Comprising: (a) It is a top view, (b) It is a bottom view, (c) It is CC sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the roadway RW comprised using the water-permeable block for roadways of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the roadway RW comprised using the water-permeable block for roadways of this embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the modification of the water-permeable block for roadways which concerns on this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each of the following drawings, a part of the configuration is omitted as appropriate to simplify the drawing, and the size, shape, thickness, and the like of the member are appropriately exaggerated.

  <Pavement structure>

  Drawing 1 is a figure showing the outline of pavement structure 10 in an embodiment of the present invention, the figure (a) is a sectional view and the figure (b) is a section perspective view. As shown in the figure, the pavement structure 10 of this embodiment includes a roadbed (roadbed) 11 formed on the ground G, a water permeable sheet 12 laid on the roadbed 11, and a water permeable sheet 12. The water permeability coefficient of the POC layer 13 is larger than the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet 12.

  The roadbed 11 has a configuration conforming to normal general pavement specifications, and is a layer in which, for example, crushed stone, gravel, sand or the like is laid and solidified along a pavement construction portion. In some cases, the roadbed 11 may not be provided.

The water-permeable sheet 12 is a woven or non-woven sheet laid directly on the roadbed 11 and is preferably a sheet woven with a resin flat yarn. Here, as the water-permeable sheet 12, a polypropylene sheet (hereinafter referred to as a PP sheet) which is a sheet used for construction work, civil engineering work, and the like, which is a woven fabric of high strength flat yarn made of polypropylene will be described as an example. The water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet 12 is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second, and preferably the water permeability coefficient is 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to 2 × 10 ^−. It is about ² cm / second. The tensile strength of the water-permeable sheet 12 is, for example, about 900 N / 5 cm to 3000 N / 5 cm in both length and width. Although the thickness of the water-permeable sheet 12 will not be specifically limited if it has said water permeability coefficient and tensile strength, The thing as thin as possible (for example, 1 mm or less) is desirable on the conditions.

  By providing the water permeable sheet 12, the POC layer 13 is kept on the water permeable sheet 12 even if it may interfere with a part of the POC layer 13 due to some influence such as scouring / cavity of the roadbed. It is possible to prevent or reduce cracking or separation of the POC layer 13. Further, it is possible to prevent the POC layer 13 from adhering to the lower roadbed 11 or the ground G.

The POC layer 13 is placed on the water permeable sheet 12 and has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec. The POC tank 13 of the present embodiment has a water permeability coefficient larger than the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet 12. For example, the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet 12 is 1 × 10 ⁻³ cm / second to 2 × 10 ⁻² cm. In the case of about / sec, the water permeability coefficient of the POC layer 13 is desirably about 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec. Specifically, for example, when the aggregate size of the POC layer 13 is about 5 mm to 20 mm and the porosity is about 20% to 30% (preferably the porosity is 25% or more and the target porosity is 30%) A POC layer 13 having a water permeability of about 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / second is obtained.

  The POC layer 13 of the present embodiment has a larger aggregate diameter and porosity than other general water-permeable pavement structures (water-permeable asphalt pavement structure or pavement structure in which a permeable concrete flat plate is spread). In addition, the porosity is large even compared to the porosity (15% to 20%) of POC generally used for road paving. For this reason, rainwater or the like easily permeates (passes) into the POC layer 13, and the permeation amount and permeation speed thereof are larger than those of other general water-permeable pavement structures. Further, since the gap becomes large, clogging of the gap is less likely to occur as compared with other general water-permeable pavement structures, and the water-permeable performance can be maintained for a long time.

  In addition, rainwater that has passed through the POC layer 13 by the water permeable sheet 12 can be infiltrated into the ground surface or the ground (reduction in the ground) in a stable state. That is, since the water permeable sheet 12 has a smaller water permeability coefficient than the POC layer 13 and has a low water permeability (permeates water over time), the rainwater that has passed through the POC layer 13 gradually passes through the water permeable sheet 12 during rainfall. However, most of the rainwater is temporarily stored on the permeable sheet 12 [0]. And the rainwater stored temporarily evaporates with the temperature rise after rainfall, and the temperature rise of a road and its periphery can be suppressed by the heat of vaporization at that time (thermal relaxation of the pavement periphery can be aimed at). Rainwater that cannot be evaporated can be discharged into the ground via the roadbed.

  In addition, since the water permeable sheet 12 is in close contact with the surface of the roadbed 11 (crushed stone or the like), even if there are irregularities or voids on the surface of the roadbed 11, along the surface of the roadbed 11 through the water permeable sheet 12 (close contact) As a result, the POC layer 13 can be laminated, and it is possible to prevent the POC layer 13 from being burdened from the roadbed 11 side. Therefore, even if there is a case where a part of the POC layer 13 having a large water permeability coefficient (a high porosity) may be hindered due to some influence such as scouring of the roadbed or a hollow portion, the POC layer 13 is made to adhere to the water permeable sheet 12. It can be kept on top, and the POC layer 13 can be prevented from being cracked or detached. Further, it is possible to prevent the POC layer 13 from adhering to the lower roadbed 11 or the ground G.

  Moreover, even if there is a possibility that the POC layer 13 may be hindered by long-term use, the penetration rate of rainwater can be suppressed by the water permeable sheet 12, and scouring of the roadbed due to rainwater inflow can be prevented.

  Further, rainwater is temporarily stored in the POC layer 13 by the water permeable sheet 12, and the stored water is spontaneously discharged as water vapor according to the climate (air temperature) on the road, and the roadbed 11 ( It is possible to stably infiltrate rainwater into the roadbed. That is, since rainwater can be spontaneously discharged with time, there is no need to provide a drainage structure that actively drains rainwater stored in the POC layer 13 into a drainage groove (side groove) on the road side.

  Furthermore, since the porosity is large compared with other general water-permeable pavement structures and POC pavement structures, it is possible to burn a higher sound absorption effect than in the past.

  Thus, according to the pavement structure 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to control (adjust) the penetration of rainwater into the ground, stabilize the penetration of rainwater into the ground and discharge into the atmosphere, and the roadbed 11 It is possible to improve the durability of pavement by preventing scouring. [0]

  In addition, you may provide a known drainage facility (drainage structure) in the pavement structure 10 of this embodiment. Even in this case, since rainwater can be temporarily stored in the POC layer 13 as described above, the drainage facility (drainage structure) can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, and the drainage facility (structure). It is possible to reduce the man-hours and the number of parts for providing the Moreover, since rainwater can be temporarily stored in the POC layer 13, it can function like a regulating pond, can reduce the burden on the drainage equipment on the downstream side during heavy rain, and has few drainage facilities (structure ) Can stabilize the discharge of rainwater.

  <Pavement method>

  Next, an example of the pavement method (for example, for a roadway) of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The pavement method of the present embodiment includes a step of laying a water permeable sheet 12 on the ground G or the roadbed 11 and a step of forming a POC layer 13 on the water permeable sheet 12.

  First, the material of the roadbed 11 is uniformly spread over the planned pavement area on the ground G so as to obtain a predetermined finished thickness by a known method, and tightened by a rolling machine until a predetermined density is obtained. Solidify. In the case of a roadway, the roadbed 11 is generally a lower layer roadbed made of a granular roadbed material such as a crusher run, and an upper layer roadbed made of a particle-adjusted crushed stone adjusted to a good aggregate particle size or a material obtained by mixing cement or lime with crushed stone. Consists of. The finished thickness varies depending on the paving specifications, but for example, the lower layer roadbed is 20 cm or less and the upper layer roadbed is 15 cm or less. There is also a case where sand is laid on the upper roadbed. The configuration of the roadbed 11 and the finished thickness vary depending on the paving specifications.

  Then, a water permeable sheet 12 is laid on the roadbed 11. The water permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet 12 is as described above.

  Thereafter, a POC layer 13 is formed by laying a POC made of crushed stone (or aggregate obtained by mixing crushed stone and sand) and cement paste (cement, water, admixture, etc.) on the upper part of the transparent sheet 12; The surface layer is finished by compacting with a special compactor for POC.

  Alternatively, a POC composed of cement paste containing aggregates made of crushed stone (optionally adding sand) and admixtures (optionally adhesive and viscous admixtures) is spread, and a large area plate is used. The POC layer 13 may be formed by compacting with a dedicated compactor that gives loose vibration.

  In the above example, an example in which the roadbed 11 is provided has been described. However, the roadbed 11 may not be provided, and in that case, a woven or non-woven water permeable sheet is laid on the ground G. The subsequent steps are the same as described above.

  Further, a surface reinforcing agent may be applied to the surface of the POC layer 13. The surface reinforcing agent is, for example, water glass (an aqueous solution of sodium silicate), and is preferably applied with a brush or a roller. By applying with a roller or a brush, it is possible to prevent the surface reinforcing agent from entering the gap of the POC layer 23. The POC layer 13 can be prevented from peeling off or collapsing by applying the surface reinforcing agent.

  <Permeable block for road>

  << Permeable block for sidewalk >>

  As another embodiment of the present invention, a sidewalk permeable block 20 using the above-described pavement structure 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 2 is an external perspective view schematically showing the sidewalk permeable block 20, FIG. 2 (a) is a view showing only the frame portion 21, and FIG. 2 (b) shows the appearance of the side permeable block 20. FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the water-permeable block 20 for sidewalks, in which FIG. 3 (a) is a top view (indicated by an arrow X in FIG. 2 (b)), and FIG. 3 (b) is a bottom view (FIG. 2). (B) arrow Y figure), the figure (c) is the AA sectional view taken on the line of Fig.2 (a).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sidewalk permeable block 20 is a flat block having a frame portion 21, a water permeable sheet 22, and a POC layer 23.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the frame portion 21 is a flat plate member having a rectangular shape in plan view, which is an opening portion 21A whose inner peripheral side penetrates in the vertical direction. For example, the frame portion 21 is precast using general structural concrete. Manufactured by construction method. Here, the general structural concrete is a general term for concrete for building structures or concrete for civil engineering structures, and is hereinafter referred to as “ordinary concrete”. In this example, the lattice-shaped frame portion 21 is shown, but a square-shaped frame portion 21 having no inner cross portion may be used.

As shown in FIGS. 2B and 3A, a POC layer 23 is provided in the opening 21A. The POC layer 23 has the same configuration as the POC layer 13 of the pavement structure 10, and has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / second as an example (the aggregate size is about 5 mm to 20 mm, and the porosity is 20%. ˜30% (preferably the porosity is 25% or more and the target porosity is 30%)). The surface shown in FIG. 3A becomes the surface layer surface, and the POC layer 23 is exposed on the surface layer surface.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c), a water permeable sheet 22 is attached to the lower surface (back surface of the surface layer) side of the frame portion 21 so as to cover the opening 21 </ b> A. The water permeable sheet 22 has the same configuration as the water permeable sheet 12 of the pavement structure 10 described above, and has a water permeability coefficient smaller than that of the POC layer 23, for example, about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second. PP sheet. The water permeable sheet 22 is affixed to the lower surface side of the frame part 21 with an adhesive. The water-permeable sheet 22 may cover at least the opening portion 21A and be attached to the lower surface side of the frame portion 21, but covers the side surface S portion on the outer peripheral side of the frame portion 21 as shown in FIG. Is desirable (the reason for this will be described later). In FIG. 3C, for convenience of explanation, the frame portion 21 and the water permeable sheet 22 are separated from each other, but in actuality, both are in close contact (the same applies to the following drawings).

  The size of the outer peripheral side of the frame portion 21 is, for example, a square shape of 300 mm (vertical) × 300 mm (horizontal), and the width W1 of the frame portion 21 is, for example, 35 mm. The thickness D1 of the frame portion 21 is 60 mm, for example. In this case, the weight of one sidewalk permeable block (flat plate) 20 is about 12 kg.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a sidewalk SW configured by using the sidewalk permeable block 20 of the present embodiment. FIG. 4A is a top view on the surface layer side, and FIG. It is a BB line sectional view of). As shown in the figure, the sidewalk SW is configured by, for example, laying a plurality of sidewalk permeable blocks 20 on a roadbed 25 in which laying sand 25B is laid on the crushed stone 25A. Between the adjacent sidewalk permeable blocks 20, joint sand 26 is put and stabilized and aligned. In this way, it is only necessary to spread the sidewalk permeable blocks 20 vertically and horizontally so as to have a desired length and road width, and the material can be easily transported and handled (about 12 kg per sheet). The installer can construct the water-permeable sidewalk SW easily and in a short period of time, such as eliminating the need for placing the POC layer 23 and preventing construction errors of the water-permeable sheet 22. It should be noted that the surface of the POC layer 23 that becomes the surface layer may be processed by applying an anti-slip agent using a roller or a brush. By applying with a roller or a brush, it is possible to prevent the slip preventive agent from entering the gap of the POC layer 23. Moreover, what is necessary is just to replenish concrete etc. when a road width and length are insufficient (the part which is less than one piece of the permeation | transmission water-permeable block 20).

  The conventional water-permeable flat plate manufactured using only the POC layer is prone to stripping and breakage of the aggregate during transportation, and the joint sand 26 and the ground sand 25B of the roadbed 25 flow into the voids of the POC layer during installation, and become dusty after use. There is a problem that the permeable flat plate is likely to be clogged by the inflow.

  On the other hand, according to the permeable block 20 for sidewalks of the present embodiment, the frame portion 21 made of ordinary concrete is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the POC layer 23 which is an adjacent portion of the block, and one surface side of the frame portion 21 ( Since the water-permeable sheet 22 is attached to the lower surface side, the POC layer 13 is restrained and the presence of the frame portion 21 makes it difficult for the aggregate to be stripped or damaged during transportation, and the strength of the block is improved. It is possible to stably infiltrate the rainwater passing through or storing the rainwater into the lower layer (roadbed 11). Further, it is possible to prevent the joint sand 26 and the ground sand of the roadbed 25 from flowing into the gap of the POC layer 23. In particular, by sticking the water-permeable sheet 22 so as to cover the side surface S of the frame portion 21 (FIG. 3C), it is possible to more reliably prevent the joint sand 26 and the spread sand 25B from flowing into the POC layer 23. it can.

  Moreover, the porosity (for example, 30%) of the POC layer 23 of this embodiment is larger than the porosity (about 20% to 25%) of POC used for general pavement (sidewalk), and the thickness of the flat plate is 6 cm. Therefore, even when the joint sand 26 and the spread sand 25B flow into the POC layer 23 and a tendency of clogging occurs, cleaning with running water or the like is possible. In addition, since the possibility of the POC layer 23 being stripped or damaged is reduced by being supported by the water permeable sheet 22, it can be washed with running water or the like (damage such as the sand of the roadbed 25 can be reduced), and clogging occurs. It can be easily solved.

  Further, similarly to the above-described pavement structure 10, it is possible to control (adjust) the rainwater penetration rate (water drainage) by controlling the penetration rate and penetration amount of rainwater into the ground and storing rainwater in the POC layer 13. This makes it possible to stabilize the penetration and discharge of rainwater into the ground and prevent the roadbed 25 from being scoured, thereby improving the durability of the sidewalk SW.

  As an example, in the sidewalk permeable block 20 having the above-described size in the rice pad pattern shown in FIG. 3, the water retention amount per sheet when the porosity of the POC layer 23 is 30% is 684.45 cm 3. (= 9.75 cm × 9.75 cm × 4 locations × 6 cm × 30%), and the corresponding amount of rainfall (precipitation) per side of the sidewalk permeable block 20 is about 8 mm (≈684.45 cm 3 / (30 cm × 30 cm)). Note that the corresponding rainfall (precipitation) amount is a trial calculation in the case where all the rainfall is stored in the POC layer 23 and the rainfall penetration capability of the water-permeable sheet 22 and the rainfall penetration capability of the frame portion 21 and the joint portion are ignored. .

  With reference to FIG. 5, an example of the manufacturing method of the water-permeable block 20 for sidewalks is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to the cross-sectional view shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, first, a mold 28 for the frame portion 21 is prepared in a dedicated factory. The formwork 28 is shaped like a rice field having four openings 28A penetrating in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral side, and is installed, for example, on the floor of a factory. Thereafter, concrete (ordinary concrete) is placed on the mold 28 and cured (FIG. 5B), and the mold 28 is removed to form the frame portion 21 (FIG. 5C).

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5 (d), with the frame portion 21 placed on the floor surface or the like, POC is placed in the opening 21A from one surface side (upper surface side) to form the POC layer 23. .

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG.5 (e), the water-permeable sheet 22 is affixed on the one surface side (upper surface side) of the frame part 21. As shown in FIG. The water permeable sheet 22 has a water permeability coefficient smaller than that of the POC layer 23, covers the entire POC layer 23 exposed from the opening 21 </ b> A on one surface side (upper surface side) of the frame portion 21, and the side surface on the outer peripheral side of the frame portion 21. Paste to cover up to S part continuously.

  In this way, a sidewalk permeable block 20 is obtained. In addition, the water-permeable block 20 for sidewalks is reversed so that the water-permeable sheet 22 faces the lower surface (roadbed side) as shown in FIG.

  << Permeable block for roadway >>

  As another embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, a waterway permeable block 30 using the above-described pavement structure 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 6 is an external perspective view showing an outline of the permeable block 30 for a roadway, FIG. 6A is a view showing only the frame portion 31, and FIG. 6B shows an external view of the permeable block 30 for a roadway. FIG. FIG. 7 is a view showing the configuration of the water-permeable block 30 for a roadway, in which FIG. 7 (a) is a top view (X view of FIG. 6 (b)), and FIG. 7 (b) is a bottom view (FIG. 6 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. A (a), and is another example of the water-permeable block 30 for a roadway.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the road permeable block 30 includes a frame portion 31, a water permeable sheet 32, and a POC layer 33.

  As shown to Fig.6 (a), the frame part 31 is a rectangular (cubic) member used as the opening part 31A which an inner peripheral side penetrates to an up-down direction. Although the water-permeable block 30 for a roadway may be used as a single cubic frame 31, as shown in FIG. 6, the outer peripheral side surface portions of the plurality of frame portions 31 are T-shaped, L-shaped or cross-shaped. It is desirable to use it in the state of the frame unit 31U coupled in a shape (the reason will be described later). In the following description, one roadway permeable block 30 refers to a block formed by one frame unit 31U.

  FIGS. 6 and 7A to 7C show a roadway water permeable block 30 constituted by a T-shaped frame unit 31, and FIG. 7D shows an L-shaped frame unit 31. The constructed roadway permeable block 30 is shown.

  An example of the size of the T-shaped frame roadway permeable block 30 will be described with reference to FIG. 7A. The sizes of the outer peripheral sides of the four frame portions 31 are 250 mm (vertical) × 250 mm (horizontal), respectively. ) And a cubic shape with a thickness D2 of 250 mm. Further, the width W2 of the frame portion 31 is 30 mm. The size of the opening 31A (the outer periphery of the POC layer 32) is such that the frame 311 is 220 mm (vertical) × 190 mm (horizontal), the frame 312 is 190 mm (vertical) × 220 mm (horizontal), and the frame 313 is 190 mm. (Vertical) × 190 mm (horizontal), and the frame portion 311 is 190 mm (vertical) × 220 mm (horizontal).

  In addition, referring to FIG. 7 (d), an example of the size of the L-shaped frame roadway permeable block 30 will be described. The sizes of the three frame portions 31 on the outer peripheral side are 250 mm (vertical) × 250 mm, respectively. It is a (cubic) shape with a thickness D2 of 250 mm. Further, the width W2 of the frame portion 31 is 30 mm. The size of the opening 31A (the outer periphery of the POC layer 32) is such that the frame portion 315 is 220 mm (vertical) × 190 mm (horizontal), the frame portion 316 is 190 mm (vertical) × 220 mm (horizontal), and the frame portion 317 is 190 mm. (Vertical) × 190 mm (Horizontal).

  If it is this shape, even if a vehicle load is loaded on the permeable block 30 for roadways, it is thought that a big internal stress degree does not generate | occur | produce in the permeable block 30 main body for roadways, but thickness D2 is about 10 cm according to a condition. It may be.

  Since the roadway permeable block 30 has the same configuration as the sidewalk permeable block 20 except that the thickness D2 of the frame portion 31 is different (larger than the thickness D1 of the sidewalk permeable block 20), detailed description thereof is omitted. . That is, the POC layer 33 is placed in the opening 31A of the water permeable block 30 for the roadway, and the water permeable sheet 32 is attached to the lower surface (the back surface of the surface) of the frame 31 so as to cover the opening 31A. It is done. The POC layer 33 and the water permeable sheet 32 are the same as the POC layer 23 and the water permeable sheet 22 of the water permeable block 20 for sidewalks.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a roadway RW configured using the waterway permeable block 30 of the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the roadway RW is configured by spreading a plurality of roadway permeable blocks 30 on a roadway roadbed 35. The roadbed 35 for the roadway RW is, for example, one in which the particle size-adjusted crushed stone 35B is spread on the crusher run crushed stone 35A, and the laid sand 35C is laid on the upper portion thereof. Then, joint sand 36 is put between adjacent waterway permeable blocks 30 to be stabilized and aligned.

  FIG. 9 is a top view illustrating an arrangement example of the water-permeable block 30 for the roadway. Here, a case where a T-shaped and L-shaped roadway permeable block 30 is used is shown. The plurality of roadway permeable blocks 30 are arranged so that the concavo-convex portions are engaged with each other. In the figure, a T-shaped roadway permeable block 30 is arranged so as to engage with each other in the left-right direction at the center portion, and an L-shaped permeable roadway block 30 is arranged at the end. In this way, by arranging the concave and convex portions to be engaged, structural strengthening by side restraint can be achieved, and lateral displacement of the waterway permeable block 30 due to passage of the vehicle can be prevented. Note that the surface of the POC layer 33 that becomes the surface layer may be subjected to anti-slip processing. Moreover, what is necessary is just to replenish concrete etc. when a road width and length are insufficient (the part which is less than one permeable block 30 for roadways).

  In this way, it is only necessary to lay the roadway permeable blocks 30 vertically and horizontally so as to have a desired length and road width, and it is easy to transport and handle the material. Since the construction mistake of the water-permeable sheet 32 can also be prevented, the water-permeable roadway RW can be constructed easily and in a short time.

  Further, the roadway RW in which the roadway permeable blocks 30 are spread is more flexible than the concrete block pavement because of the pavement structure due to the POC layer 33, and can follow the uneven settlement of the ground.

  Similarly to the permeable block 20 for sidewalks, the strength of the permeable block 30 for roadway is increased by the frame portion 31 (frame unit 31U) and the permeable sheet 32 made of ordinary concrete, so that the aggregate of the POC layer 33 is stripped during transportation. -It becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a breakage and it can prevent that the joint sand 36 and the spread sand 35C of the roadbed 35 flow into the space | gap of the POC layer 33. In particular, by sticking the water-permeable sheet 32 so as to cover the side surfaces, it is possible to more reliably prevent the joint sand 36 and the spread sand 35C from flowing into the POC layer 33.

  Further, even if the joint sand 36 or the spread sand 35A flows into the POC layer 33 and clogging tends to occur, cleaning with running water or the like is possible. Further, by being supported by the water-permeable sheet 32, it is possible to perform cleaning with running water having a higher water pressure than conventional ones, and clogging can be easily eliminated.

  The permeable block 30 for the roadway whose water permeability ability is reduced or clogged may be partially removed and a new permeable block for roadway 30 may be installed. Similarly, when a new buried object or the like is created in the ground, only necessary portions can be removed, and road surface restoration can be completed by installing the permeable block 30 for the roadway, thereby reducing the influence on traffic.

  In addition, it is good to provide the insertion hole 38 for suspension metal fittings in the upper surface side (side exposed to a road surface, top end part) of the frame part 31 of the water-permeable block 30 for roadways. Since the roadway permeable block 30 is heavier than the sidewalk block 20 (for example, 70 kg to 80 kg), it is desirable to install it using a machine in the same manner as a general concrete block. Becomes easy. Further, the insertion hole 38 is preferably closed with a cap (not shown) when unnecessary (after construction).

  The roadway permeable block 30 controls the infiltration speed and amount of rainwater into the ground and the release (drainage) of rainwater by storing rainwater in the POC layer 13 in the same manner as the pavement structure 10 described above ( Adjustment), it is possible to stabilize the penetration and discharge of rainwater into the ground and prevent the scouring of the roadbed 25 to improve the durability of the sidewalk SW.

  As an example, in the T-shaped or L-shaped roadway permeable block 30 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the corresponding rainfall (precipitation) amount per block when the porosity of the POC layer 23 is 30% is as follows. , Both are about 48 mm. Note that the corresponding rainfall (precipitation) amount is a trial calculation in the case where all the rainfall is stored in the POC layer 33, and the rainfall penetration capability of the water-permeable sheet 32 and the rainfall penetration capability of the frame portion 31 and the joint portion are ignored. .

  In addition, the manufacturing method of the permeable block 30 for roadways is the same as the manufacturing method of the permeable block 20 for sidewalks except the shape of the frame of the frame part 31 (frame part unit 31U) differing.

  FIG. 10 is a view showing a modified example of the permeable block 30 for a roadway. FIG. 10A is an external perspective view of the T-shaped permeable block 30 for a roadway, and FIG. (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. (B), and FIG. (C) is a top view of the L-shaped roadway water-permeable block 30.

  The water passage permeable block 30 may be provided with a reserved water opening 31B on the side surface of each frame 31 constituting the frame unit 31U. By doing in this way, inflow and inflow of the rainwater which permeated the POC layer 33 in the frame unit 31U and between the adjacent frame unit 31U can be facilitated, and rainwater is partially stored for some reason. It can be prevented, and the water permeability performance of the roadway water permeability block 30 and the rainwater discharge performance can be enhanced.

  Moreover, when providing the reserved water opening 31B, it is preferable to cover the reserved water opening 31B with a water-permeable sheet 32 covering the side surface of the frame unit 31U as shown in FIG. . Thereby, the joint sand 36 and the covering sand 35A can be prevented from flowing into the POC layer 33 through the stored water opening 31B.

  Further, the roadway permeable block 30 may be used in combination with a drainage groove (side groove), and can be drained to a river by connecting the reserved water opening 31B and the drainage groove with a water pipe. In this case, if the connecting portion with the drainage groove can be opened and closed, the rainwater stored between the water-permeable sheet 32 and the POC layer 33 can be released spontaneously during normal rain, and actively during heavy rain. It can be discharged into a drainage ditch, and rainwater stored underground can be controlled according to the amount of rainfall. Further, in that case, the connecting portion with the drainage groove is made to have a small diameter (for example, an orifice plate is provided in the connecting portion), the flow rate is controlled by the orifice effect, or the connecting portion is the bottom surface of the water-permeable block 30 for the roadway (water-permeable sheet). 12), the amount of rainwater stored in the POC layer 13 can be increased, and the drainage function of the downstream drainage facility during heavy rain can be reduced by the same effect as that of the regulating pond. be able to.

  As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be configured in various embodiments. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the POC layer 13 is a single layer has been described as an example. You may laminate. In that case, the plurality of POC layers 13 may be layers having the same water permeability coefficient, or may be layers having different water permeability coefficients. In the case where the water permeability coefficient is made different, it is preferable that the water permeability coefficient is gradually decreased from the upper layer (surface layer) to the lower layer.

  The present invention can be used when paving a road.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pavement structure 11 Frame part 12 Water-permeable sheet 13 POC layer 20 Water-permeable block for sidewalk 21 Frame part 22 Water-permeable sheet 23 POC layer 30 Water-permeable block for roadway 31 Frame part 31B Reservoir opening part 31U Frame part unit 32 Sheet 33 POC layer

Claims (24)

A woven or non-woven water-permeable sheet laid on the ground or roadbed;
A porous concrete layer formed on the water permeable sheet,
The permeability coefficient of the porous concrete layer is greater than the permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet,
A pavement structure characterized by that. The water-permeable sheet is a resin woven fabric,
The pavement structure according to claim 1. The water permeability coefficient of the water-permeable sheet is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second,
The pavement structure according to claim 1, wherein the pavement structure is a pavement structure. The porous concrete layer has a water permeability of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec.
The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pavement structure is provided. The porous concrete layer has a porosity of 20% to 30%.
The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pavement structure is provided. The aggregate size of the porous concrete layer is 5 mm to 20 mm.
The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The tensile strength of the water-permeable sheet is 900 N / 5 cm to 3000 N / 5 cm.
The pavement structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein Laying a woven or non-woven permeable sheet on the ground or roadbed;
Forming a porous concrete layer having a larger water permeability coefficient than the water permeable sheet on the water permeable sheet. The water-permeable sheet is a resin woven fabric,
The pavement method according to claim 8. The water permeability coefficient of the water-permeable sheet is about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second,
The pavement method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that. The porous concrete layer has a hydraulic conductivity of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec.
The pavement method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein: A frame part that is an opening through which the inner peripheral side penetrates in the vertical direction;
A water permeable sheet that covers the opening and is attached to one side of the frame; and
A porous concrete layer placed in the opening;
Have
The permeability coefficient of the porous concrete layer is greater than the permeability coefficient of the water permeable sheet,
A water-permeable block for roads characterized by that. The water-permeable sheet is a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric.
The water-permeable block for roads according to claim 12 characterized by things. The water-permeable sheet is a resin woven fabric,
The water-permeable block for roads according to claim 12 or claim 13 characterized by things. The water-permeable sheet has a water permeability coefficient of about 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cm / second to about 5 × 10 ⁻² cm / second,
The water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of Claims 12 thru | or 14 characterized by the above-mentioned. The porous concrete layer has a water permeability of about 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec to about 5 × 10 ⁻¹ cm / sec.
The water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of Claims 12 thru | or 15 characterized by the above-mentioned. The frame portion is made of concrete.
The road permeable block according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the water permeable block is used. The water-permeable sheet covers up to the side surface portion on the outer peripheral side of the frame portion,
The water-permeable block for roads as described in any one of Claims 12 thru | or 17 characterized by the above-mentioned. The frame portion has a rectangular shape, and a paved road is configured by laying a plurality on the roadbed for sidewalks.
The water-permeable block for roads according to any one of claims 12 to 18 characterized by things. The frame portion has a rectangular shape, and a paved road is configured by laying a plurality on the roadbed for roadways.
The water-permeable block for roads according to any one of claims 12 to 18 characterized by things. A plurality of frame units connected in advance in a T-shape or L-shape, and meshed with each other and spread.
The water-permeable block for roads according to claim 20 characterized by things. A drainage hole is provided on the outer peripheral side surface of the frame part.
The water-permeable block for roads according to any one of claims 12 to 21 characterized by things. The water-permeable sheet covers up to the drain hole,
The water-permeable block for road according to claim 22 characterized by things. A step of preparing a formwork having an opening that penetrates in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral side in a dedicated factory, placing concrete on the formwork and curing, and removing the formwork to form a frame part When,
Placing porous concrete in the opening from one surface side of the frame portion, and forming a porous concrete layer;
A step of attaching a water permeable sheet having a smaller water permeability coefficient than the porous concrete layer to the one surface side so as to cover the porous concrete layer,
A method for producing a water permeable block for roads.

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