JP2016190739A - Sorting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sorting device which reduces generation of slippage even when rotated at high speed, secures smooth rotation, reduces internal stress in a constituting component, and secures sufficient strength.SOLUTION: The sorting device comprises: a shaft 2 which is approximately orthogonal to a conveying direction; a fixing part 3 which has a shaft to be firmly fastened to the shaft 2 and an inclined disk with a predetermined angle; an annular rotary body 11 which is arranged to be rotatable with the same angle around the inclined disk of the fixing part 3, has an outer peripheral surface slidably contacting a bottom part of an object to be conveyed, and is pivotally arranged to be freely rotatable around the shaft; a driving rotary body 4 which contacts, at a predetermined angle, a side in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the annular rotary body 11; means which can select arbitrarily a sorting direction by rotating arbitrarily the shaft 2 integrated with the fixing part 3; and a structure in which the driving rotary body 4 and the fixing part 3 are held in a pressure-contact state by pressure-contact state maintaining means, so that the annular rotary body 11 pivotally arranged to be freely rotatable relative to the fixing part 3 and the driving rotary body 4 can maintain smooth rotation states while always keeping a constant pressure-contact state concentrically with the shaft 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

  The present invention relates to a switching device for a sorting conveyor.

  In the field of physical distribution, there are cases where articles with various shapes (outer shapes and sizes) are mixed and sorted, and there is a strong demand for high-speed transport to improve their work efficiency. For example, several years In the past, the conveyor speed, which was transported at about 40 m / min to 60 m / min, has recently become about 90 m / min to 100 m / min, and is expected to be further increased in the future.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a sorting device using a rotating disk having a desired inclination angle, and Patent Document 2 discloses a plurality of specific configuration proposals in which a rotational driving body corresponding to the inclination propagates rotational force to the rotating disk. It is disclosed.

  Specifically, as a structure in which the rotary disk rotates, the side surface of the cylindrical rotary drive body or the drum-shaped rotary drive body having a small outer diameter at the central portion and a large outer diameter at both ends and the outer peripheral plane portion of the rotary disk are in contact. There are three main examples: a contact structure, a structure via a pulley, and a rotary drive body having the same inclination that presses against an inclined surface.

  Here, in the first structure, the pressure contact direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis, a stable force is applied to the surface of the rotating disk, and the second structure can transmit rotation even if it has a slight angle. Therefore, it is easy to obtain a large torque force by selecting the diameter of the rotating part of the pulley, and unlike the former two, the third structure does not use a pulley, and the force is applied by pressure contact with a rotating drive body with the same inclination angle. The force from a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the disk is applied to only a part of the outer periphery of the inclined disk, but the rotating body is rotated only by one axis drive. It has characteristics.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-115820 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-26921

  However, in the structure of the rotary drive body having the same inclination that is in pressure contact with the inclined surface, which is the same basic structure as the present proposal, as mentioned in the background art, in response to the demand for high-speed conveyance, the above-mentioned third The accuracy of the rotational force propagation increases in the order of structure <second structure <first structure. That is, according to the order, sufficient frictional force against the strength including the shape of the structure can be secured. In other words, securing the frictional force is an important issue in the third structure, that is, the basic structure of the present plan. As the speed increases, the problem becomes more apparent.

  Currently, it is transported at a speed of about 100 m / min. However, when it is desired to further increase the speed, a predetermined angle with respect to the axis is limited to only a part of the area close to the outer periphery of the inclined rotating disk. A constant pressure force is applied in the direction of displacement, and in such a situation, bending stress due to moment is generated in the disk fixing portion, and sufficient reinforcement of the stress concentration portion is required.

  For example, when receiving a force that presses the disc against the rotating disc as shown in (c) with respect to the rotating disc that conveys the load in the three types of existing structural structures as in the conventional structure shown in FIG. 2, (a) and Compared with the method shown in (b), a load is applied to a part of the peripheral part of the disk having the inclined surface, and a local force is generated around the fixed part.

  In order to reduce the force or stress concentration as much as possible, it is necessary to reduce the axial pressure contact force. However, particularly at high speed rotation, it causes slipping, and it is difficult to propagate smooth rotation.

  On the other hand, in the structure of (a) and (b) shown in FIG. 2, when changing the direction of the article to be conveyed, it is necessary to move the entire unit including a plurality of rotating bodies up and down, and the conveyance direction is frequently changed. In such cases, it is necessary to move the heavy object up and down, so that maintenance for reducing and preventing wear and system failure has become troublesome.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a sorting apparatus having a structure for obtaining a stable rotation in an apparatus that sorts articles by a rotating body when conveying articles at high speed, and particularly, slippage occurs even at high speed rotation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sorting device that secures sufficient strength by reducing the internal stress in the component parts by reducing the internal stress in the component parts.

  In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is accompanied by a fine elastic deformation generated at the time of pressing in addition to a dynamic friction coefficient peculiar to a material in order to secure a frictional force in a region where the rotary drive body and the annular rotary body are in pressure contact with each other. Expecting a frictional force (resistance force) due to shape deformation, it has a structure that obtains a reliable rotational force by an elastic body. That is, in a conveyor switching device using a rotating body, a long life and stable operation in high-speed conveyance is desired, but when a plurality of rotating bodies are driven simultaneously, an excessive force is applied and a large force is required. Where it was difficult to obtain a stable rotational motion, according to the present application, a structure that constantly gives a stable force due to the moment of inertia to the rotating body, so that an excessive force is not applied and a stable rotational motion can be obtained. It is.

  As a more specific configuration, one embodiment of the present invention includes a shaft that is substantially orthogonal to a transport direction in which a transport target is placed and transported on a transport path surface by a rotation drive mechanism, and an axis that is fixed to the shaft. A fixed part having an inclined disk having a predetermined angle, and an outer peripheral surface that is rotatably arranged around the inclined disk of the fixed part at the same angle and is in sliding contact with the bottom of the conveyed object, and freely rotates around the shaft. An annular rotator that is pivotally mounted, a drive rotator that makes contact with the annular rotator at a side surface near an outer periphery at a predetermined angle, and a shaft integrated with the fixed portion to arbitrarily rotate the sorting direction. And the annular rotating body pivoted so as to be freely rotatable with respect to the fixed portion by maintaining the pressure contact state by the pressure contact state maintaining means. And the above Always rotating body on a concentric of said shaft and a structure for maintaining a smooth rotation state at a constant pressure state.

  In addition, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotating portion of the annular rotating body has a substantially uniform structure on the entire periphery, and the axial thickness of the present invention is larger than the sliding contact mechanism portion such as a bearing. With the structure having the above, it is possible to obtain a stable large moment of inertia, and it is possible to continue smooth rotation even at high speed rotation while maintaining a stable position.

  In particular, in high speed rotation, the moment of inertia is larger than in the initial rotational drive, so that sufficiently stable rotation can be obtained even if the axial pressure contact force for obtaining the rotational drive force is reduced. It becomes.

  In the article sorting apparatus according to the present invention, even in the high-speed rotation of the rotating portion in high-speed conveyance, the rotation can be reliably transmitted through an elastic body that can be expected to undergo compression deformation, and the sliding moment can be ensured by securing the moment of inertia. Since stable and smooth rotation can be obtained even when the pressing force at the contact portion is small, it is possible to avoid applying unnecessary force to the structure.

  Further, in this structure, as shown in FIG. 3, when changing the direction of the article to be conveyed, the annular rotating body attached around the fixed portion shown in FIG. 4 is inclined by rotating the shaft by a predetermined angle. As shown in FIG. 7, the maximum height upward from the shaft changes along with the inclination of the disk, and if it protrudes from the height position of the conveyance path such as a conveyor belt, for example, At the same time, the transport direction can be changed, and although not shown in the figure, it can be hidden at a position lower than the height position of the transport path.

  That is, in the case of the structure shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, when changing the transport direction on the rotating disk, the direction is changed for each unit in which a plurality of disks are integrated. However, in this proposal, the height control as shown in FIG. 7 can be performed by rotating the shaft at a predetermined angle as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, in this structure, as shown in FIG. 8, the shaft unit in which one or more rotating disks are incorporated in the shaft is configured as a rotating unit in which one or more stages are assembled. Since the structure can be removed, the maintenance can be simplified easily.

  With these structures, it is possible to process a large amount of articles on a sorting conveyor for a short time by high-speed conveyance, and reduce the impact on the articles by appropriately changing the rotational position of the shaft unit according to the progress of the conveyed articles. It is also possible to reduce the margin gap between articles, so that the overall processing time can be made more efficient and safer, and a structure that can be regularly maintained easily can be obtained.

It is a top view of the principal part of the conveying apparatus explaining arrangement | positioning and an effect | action of a sorting apparatus. FIG. 2A shows various forms of rotational drive in the conventional structure plan, FIG. 2A shows a form in which the rotational drive body and the disk abut on the outer periphery, and FIG. 2B shows a form in which the rotational drive body and the disk rotate via a pulley. FIG. 2 (c) shows a form in which the rotary drive body and the disk come into contact with each other on the disk plane. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the pressing contact location of the rotary drive body and annular rotary body which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: Fig.3 (a) is a point front side with respect to a rotating shaft with a rotary drive body and an annular rotary body. 3 (b) shows a state rotated 90 degrees from the state of FIG. 3 (a) to one side, and FIG. 3 (c) shows a state 90 ° further in the same direction from FIG. 3 (b). 3 (a) shows a state rotated 180 degrees, and FIG. 3 (d) shows a state further rotated 90 degrees in the same direction from FIG. 3 (c), or FIG. 3 (a). ) From 270 degrees. It is a figure of the condition which rotates the fixing | fixed part which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, It is the figure which looked down at the state of the said FIG. 3 from right above, Comprising: Fig.4 (a) is the state of Fig.3 (a) 4 (b) shows the state of the fixed part as viewed from right above, FIG. 4 (c) shows the state of FIG. 3 (c) as true. FIG. 4D shows the state of the fixed part viewed from above, and FIG. 4D shows the state of the fixed part viewed from directly above. It is a conceptual diagram of the state which attached the cyclic | annular rotary body to the outer periphery of the fixing | fixed part which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the pressing force relationship in the rotary body of the sorting part which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the rotation state of the sorting part which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the positional relationship of the rotary body of the conveyor belt which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and a sorting device. It is a schematic diagram of the axis | shaft unit and rotary unit with which the rotary body which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention was assembled.

  Hereinafter, a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, the range necessary for the description for achieving the object of the present invention is schematically shown, and the range necessary for the description of the relevant part of the present invention will be mainly described. According to a known technique.

  FIG. 1 shows a straight direction (A) and a left-right direction, that is, a sorting direction to B or C, when a transported article 200 passes through the rotary unit 110 in the transport device 100 to which the sorting device according to the present invention is applied. It is a typical top view of the important section showing.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing various forms of rotational driving in the conventional structure plan, in which (a) is a structure in which the side surface of the cylindrical driving rotating body 41 and the outer peripheral plane portion of the rotating disk 1 are in contact with each other. b) is an example of the structure via the pulley 5, and in the structure (c) in pressure contact with the inclined surface 1 as in this proposal, the drive rotor 4 rotated by a structure (pulley etc.) (not shown) Although the state of rotating while pressing is shown, in the previous two structures, when changing the sorting direction, the entire rotating body unit 110 in which the rotating body is incorporated is moved up and down and moved in a desired direction. In the structure (c), the direction of the rotating disk 1 can be changed by rotating the shaft 2 to a desired angle.

FIG. 3 shows a pressing contact point between the rotary drive body and the annular rotary body according to an embodiment of the present invention. At the position shown in FIG. 3A, the rotary drive body 4 and the annular rotary body 11 are E ₁₁ and E ₁₂ . In the figure of the annular rotating body 11, it is shown that the force P ₁ is applied to the shaded portion. Further, in the state of (a) above were rotated 90 degrees from the state to the one (b), a state where the force of the P ₂ at a position illustrated consuming and is further rotated 90 degrees in the same direction or the (a) state, in the state of the rotated 180 degrees to one (c), force P ₃ at the position shown is consuming, it is further rotated 270 degrees while rotating 90 degrees in the same direction, or from the (a) state to one in the state (d), it shows that the force P ₄ in the position shown it takes.

  FIG. 4 shows a fixing part according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing only the fixing part 3 overlooking the state of FIG. 3 from above, and the fixing part 3 attached integrally with the shaft 2 is shown. The state of the inclined disk 32 inclined by the rotation of the shaft 2 is shown, and the object to be conveyed is conveyed by the rotation of the annular rotating body 11 (not shown). In the state of (a), the object to be transported is moved to the right side (direction B in FIG. 1) as indicated by the arrow, and in the state of (b) in which the fixed part is rotated 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. When the maximum outer shape of the body is lower than the height position of the conveyor or at the same surface position, the straight portion (direction A in FIG. 1) is advanced, and the fixed portion is further rotated 90 degrees (c) Then, in the state of (d), which is moved to the left side (C direction in FIG. 1) and the fixed part is further rotated 90 degrees, the maximum outer shape of the annular rotating body is the height of the conveyor as in the state of (b) above. When the position is lower than the vertical position or at the same surface position, it indicates that the vehicle travels in the straight direction (A direction in FIG. 1). Note that the arrow shown in FIG. 4 is in contact with the object to be conveyed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular rotating body 11 attached to the outer peripheral part, and is not in contact with the object to be conveyed on the illustrated surface. The conveyance direction in the state is shown.

  When the fixing part 3 is rotated to change the direction of the object to be conveyed, the shaft 4 integrated with the fixing part 3 is rotated to a desired angle by a pulley or a rack and pinion system, or a motor built-in type is used. Apply rotation control method.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a concept of a state in which the annular rotator 11 is attached to the outer periphery of the fixed portion 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows an attached state of the annular rotator 11 by broken lines around the fixed portion 3. .

FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of means for maintaining the pressure contact state in the rotating body of the sorting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, the position in the state (b) in FIG. 4 and the fixed portion 3 are pressed against each other by a certain pressing force E ₁₁ , E ₁₂ , and the fixed portion 3 and the annular rotating body 11 can be freely rotated in an integral structure via a bearing 81 or the like. It has become. Although the number of arrows E ₁₁ and E ₁₂ in FIG different, which was schematically by abutting structure, as the force is the same value that the relationship of action and reaction. (The same applies to FIG. 7)

That is, by receiving the pressing forces E ₁₁ and E ₁₂ , the forces of the pressing forces E ₂₁ and E ₂₂ are applied to the inclined portion where the driving rotating body 4 and the annular rotating body 11 are in contact with each other. A structure that propagates as a rotational force by the pressing force and the friction coefficient of the annular rotating body 11, and the friction coefficient is applied with a resistance force due to deformation deformed by the pressing force in addition to the friction force due to the friction coefficient of the elastic body itself It becomes.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the pressing force and the moment of inertia in the rotating body of the sorting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the outer diameter (r ₁ ) inner diameter (r ₂ ) and thickness of the annular rotating body 11. If the mass determined by (t) is M, the moment of inertia J of the annular rotating body is
J = M × (r ₁ ² + r ₂ ² ) / 2 (unit: g · cm ² )
It becomes. Here, the annular rotator 11 is made of a material having a substantially uniform mass (density) having a sufficient thickness with respect to the inner and outer diameters determined from external factors, and thus a great effect is obtained. Further, since the conveyance speed in this apparatus is always constant, more stable rotation can always be obtained by using the force due to the moment of inertia.

In particular, securing the moment of inertia here means that the rotational speed of the rotating body is increased by the force E ₁₁ that presses the annular rotating body 11 integrated with the inclined fixed portion and the force E ₁₂ that presses the rotating drive body. This makes it possible to reduce the constant pressing force without applying excessive force, especially during high-speed rotation, and when the load to be sorted reaches / contacts the sorting section. It is easy to maintain a stable rotation even with respect to the impact force generated in the case.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the conveyor unit 6 and the sorting device, particularly the rotating body 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The rotary drive body 4 fixed to the shaft 2 as the central axis, the fixed portion 3 having the inclined portion, the rotary body 1 in which the bearing 81 and the annular rotary body 11 are integrated are pressed against each other in the axial direction. As indicated by 4, a broken line arrow indicates that the height position of the maximum outer peripheral portion of the annular rotating body 11 is changed by changing the inclination direction of the fixed portion 3. Its height is indicated as (L ₁ region as the width) of the region D ₂ which projects from the height position of the conveyor unit 6 for conveying the effective area. Incidentally, the effective area is relative to the thickness D ₁ of the conveyor unit 6, the gap L between the conveyors, the maximum value D ₃ where the annular rotator 11 is buried from the surface position of the conveyor unit 6, and the outer diameter of the drive rotator 4. It is determined by such margin gap D ₄ between the bottom surface of the conveyor unit 6.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the amount of protrusion from the surface of the conveyor 6 can be gradually changed by rotating the fixed shaft 3. The impact on the article can be reduced by appropriately changing the rotational position of the shaft unit, and more effective impact reduction can be achieved by controlling the rotational angular velocity.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the shaft unit 111 and the rotator unit 110 assembled with the rotator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As an example, four rotators are provided on one shaft. By drawing the shaft unit 111 that is easy to incorporate and detachable, and a state where the shaft unit is stacked in three stages, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 8, by rotating the fixing portion 3 at an arbitrary rotation angle, Simultaneously with the A, B, and C direction control, it is possible to change the amount of protrusion from the conveyor surface position in the height direction of the rotating body shown in FIG.

  Incidentally, the rotator 1 attached to the shaft unit 111 can be singular or plural, and the shaft unit in the rotator unit 110 is effective even if one or a plurality of shaft units are arranged.

  The conveyance device according to the present invention requires a high conveyance speed and a certainty of sorting / branching in the sorting device while high-speed conveyance processing proceeds in parallel with diversification of physical distribution forms. In a variety of industries to which the transport device is applied, it is possible to reliably propagate the rotational drive generated when the rotating body for rotating at high speed and to sort the various packages quickly and reliably. Has great availability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating body 11 Annular rotating body 2 Shaft 21 Shaft of rotating roller 22 Shaft of pulley 3 Fixed portion 31 Fixed shaft fixed to shaft 32 Inclined disk having a predetermined inclination 4 Rotating drive body 41 Rotation driven on the outer periphery of the rotating body Drive body 42 Rotation drive body driven using pulley 5 Drive pulley 6 Conveyor section 7 Elastic body (synthetic resin, etc.)
71 Elastic body fixed to the annular rotating body 72 Elastic body fixed to the rotational driving body 8 Sliding contact mechanism 81 Bearing structure enabling the sliding contact between the fixed portion and the annular rotating body 82 Sliding contact between the shaft and the rotational driving body Allowable bearing structure 100 Sorting unit of transport device 110 Rotating body unit 111 Shaft unit 200 Article to be transported A, B, C Transport direction D Dimension indicating positional relationship between conveyor and rotating body D ₁ Thickness of conveyor section D ₂ The maximum amount of the annular rotating body protruding from the conveyor surface D _{3 The} maximum amount of the annular rotating body buried from the conveyor surface D ₄ A margin between the rotational driving body and the conveyor bottom surface E External force E ₁ , E ₂ for generating a rotational force force for pressing the outer peripheral portion of the disk of the conventional structure E _3, E ₄ conventional force E 5 pulling the rotating body _structure, E ₆ force E ₁₁ fixed to press the surface of the disk of the conventional structure Rotation force of the pressing forces E ₁₂ rotary drive member rotary drive member by the force of the force E ₂₁ the E12 for pressing receives a force by the driving rotation of the reaction force E ₂₂ wherein E11 is subjected reaction force E ₂₃ rotating drive body is Force indicating vector facing forward in the figure when applied E ₃₃ Vertical component force due to force pressed by rotating drive body E ₃₄ Component force in rotating direction due to rotation of rotating drive body L Length of gap between conveyors is L ₁ maximum outer shape portion of the rotary body protrudes from the conveyor surface region R rotational force R ₁ diameter of the rotating force r annular rotary body of the rotary force R ₂ rotary drive member of the annular rotary body driven by rotary drive member r ₁ of annular thickness of an inner diameter t annular rotor 11 of an outer diameter r ₂ annular rotor 11 of the rotating body 11 theta fixing portion swash plate and the annular rotary body, the inclination angle with respect to the shaft

Claims (7)

A shaft that is substantially orthogonal to a conveyance direction in which a conveyance object is placed and conveyed on a conveyance path surface by a rotation drive mechanism;
A fixed portion having an inclined disk having a predetermined angle with an axis fixed to the shaft;
An annular rotator that is rotatably arranged around the inclined disk of the fixed portion with the same angle and has an outer peripheral surface that is in sliding contact with the bottom of the transported object, and is pivotally arranged to freely rotate around the shaft;
A drive rotator that contacts the annular rotator at a predetermined angle with a side surface near the outer periphery; and
Means for arbitrarily selecting a sorting direction by arbitrarily rotating a shaft integrated with the fixed portion;
The drive rotator and the fixed portion are held in a press-contact state by the press-contact state maintaining means, so that the annular rotator and the drive rotator that are pivotally rotatable with respect to the fixed portion are concentric with the shaft. And a structure for maintaining a smooth rotational state in a constant pressure contact state at all times.   The annular rotating body is configured on the outer periphery of the inclined portion of the fixed portion via a sliding contact mechanism, and the driving rotating body is in pressure contact with a part of the annular structure in which the center of gravity of the rotating body is constant, and the rotational force is transmitted. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:   2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drive rotating body and the annular rotating body are fixed on the shaft in a state where a predetermined pressure is always applied by an elastic body or a preload is applied in advance.   The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein either one or both of the contact surfaces between the drive rotator and the annular rotator are made of an elastic body.   The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the annular rotating body that is in contact with an object to be conveyed is formed of an elastic body.   2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shaft has a structure in which an annular rotating body paired with a plurality of driving rotating bodies is integrally combined and can be easily attached and detached.   2. The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism capable of rotating the units constituting the shaft at appropriate angles to smoothly guide the unit in the branching direction and at the same time reduce the impact of the conveyed product.

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