JP2016160116A - Cement sheet excellent in durability and cement composition therefor - Google Patents
Cement sheet excellent in durability and cement composition therefor Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016160116A JP2016160116A JP2015038151A JP2015038151A JP2016160116A JP 2016160116 A JP2016160116 A JP 2016160116A JP 2015038151 A JP2015038151 A JP 2015038151A JP 2015038151 A JP2015038151 A JP 2015038151A JP 2016160116 A JP2016160116 A JP 2016160116A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P pentacalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].O.O.O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 pulp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は耐久性に優れたセメント板とそのセメント組成物に関する。より詳しくは、本発明は、建築外装材に使用される押出成形セメント板などについて、供用後に強度が向上し、外装材として必須である長期耐久性を有するセメント板とそのセメント組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a cement board excellent in durability and a cement composition thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cement board having improved long-term durability, which is essential as an exterior material, and its cement composition, for an extruded cement board used for a building exterior material, etc.
押出成形セメント板が建築物の外壁材などに多く用いられている。一般に押出成形セメント板は、セメントに繊維、骨材、増粘剤などを配合した組成物を押出成形し、高温高圧養生（オートクレーブ養生）して製造されている。押出成形では、成形時の圧力によって配合物から水が脱水して成形不能になるのを防ぐために、繊維と増粘剤が配合されている。 Extruded cement boards are often used for building exterior walls. In general, an extrusion-molded cement board is manufactured by extruding a composition in which fibers, aggregates, thickeners and the like are mixed with cement and curing at high temperature and high pressure (autoclave curing). In extrusion molding, fibers and a thickener are blended in order to prevent water from being dehydrated due to pressure during molding and becoming impossible to mold.
押出成形セメント板に配合する繊維として、従来のアスベスト繊維に代えて、パルプなどの有機繊維や合成繊維、ガラス繊維などが用いられているが、いずれも保水性や保形性などがアスベスト繊維よりも劣るため押出し成形性が不十分であった。また、増粘剤を増量して押出し成形性を高めることが行われるが、増粘剤は高価であるため製造コストが高くなる問題がある。 Organic fibers such as pulp, synthetic fibers, glass fibers, etc. are used as fibers to be blended in the extruded cement board, but the water retention and shape retention are all better than asbestos fibers. Was also inferior in extrusion moldability. Further, the amount of the thickener is increased to enhance the extrusion moldability. However, since the thickener is expensive, there is a problem that the production cost is increased.
押出成形における問題を解決するため、水硬性物質、骨材、繊維からなる押出成形組成物に、押出助剤としてポリオキシアルキレン誘導体の共重合物を含有させたセメント系押出用組成物およびこれを硬化させたセメント製品が提案されている（特許文献１）。
また、水硬性物質、フライアッシュ、繊維からなる押出成形セメント組成物において、押出助剤として含窒素ポリオキシアルキレン誘導体を添加することによって、フライアッシュの未燃カーボンの変動による生産性低下を防止するとともに珪石単独使用のときと同様の強度発現を図ることが知られている（特許文献２）。
In order to solve the problems in extrusion molding, a cement-based extrusion composition in which a polyoxyalkylene derivative copolymer is contained as an extrusion aid in an extrusion molding composition comprising a hydraulic substance, an aggregate, and a fiber. A cured cement product has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
In addition, in an extrusion-molded cement composition composed of a hydraulic substance, fly ash, and fibers, a nitrogen-containing polyoxyalkylene derivative is added as an extrusion aid to prevent a decrease in productivity due to fluctuations in unburned carbon in fly ash. At the same time, it is known that the same strength expression as when using silica alone is intended (Patent Document 2).
さらに、特定直径と繊維長を有する長繊維と短繊維の混合物からなるパルプ繊維を用いることによって、従来と同粘度レベルの増粘剤を使用しても良好な成形性を有する押出成形セメント用組成物が提案されている（特許文献３）。
また、珪石等に代えてフライアッシュを用いることによって、オートクレーブ養生によってもポゾラン反応しない未反応のフライアッシュを含有させて曲げ強度を高めた珪酸カルシウム成形体が提案されている（特許文献４）。
Furthermore, by using pulp fibers composed of a mixture of long fibers and short fibers having a specific diameter and fiber length, a composition for extruded cement having good formability even when using a thickener of the same viscosity level as before. A thing is proposed (patent document 3).
Further, there has been proposed a calcium silicate molded body in which an unreacted fly ash that does not react with pozzolanic reaction even by autoclave curing is used by using fly ash instead of silica or the like to increase the bending strength (Patent Document 4).
通常、押出成形セメント板は、押出成形後に１７０℃〜１８０℃でのオートクレーブ養生を行う。この促進養生において、セメントのカルシウム分と珪酸質粉末のシリカ分が反応してＣＳＨ水和物やトバモライト等の水和生成物が生成して水和反応が終結する。このためオートクレーブ養生後は、硬化体の供用後の強度増進は期待できない。むしろ供用後にトバモライトやＣＳＨ水和物の炭酸化反応によって硬化体組織が緩み、強度が僅かに低下する場合がある。 Usually, an extrusion-molded cement board performs autoclave curing at 170 ° C. to 180 ° C. after extrusion. In this accelerated curing, the calcium content of the cement and the silica content of the siliceous powder react to produce a hydrated product such as CSH hydrate or tobermorite, thereby terminating the hydration reaction. For this reason, after the autoclave curing, it is not possible to expect an increase in strength after use of the cured product. Rather, the cured body structure may loosen due to the carbonation reaction of tobermorite or CSH hydrate after use, and the strength may slightly decrease.
本発明は、オートクレーブ養生して製造されるセメント板について、オートクレーブ養生後においても、セメント未水和物、またはセメント未水和物と珪酸質粉末の未水和物がセメント板の硬化体中に残存し、オートクレーブ養生後ならびに供用後も強度が増進するようにしたセメント板とそのセメント組成物を提供する。 The present invention relates to a cement plate produced by curing an autoclave. Even after the autoclave curing, cement unhydrated or cement unhydrated and unhydrated siliceous powder are contained in the cured cement plate. The present invention provides a cement plate and a cement composition thereof that remain and have increased strength after autoclave curing and after use.
本発明は、以下の構成からなるセメント組成物と、該セメント組成物によって製造したセメント板に関する。
〔１〕セメントと珪酸質粉末からなる水硬性材料と、骨材、繊維および混和剤を含み、これらを板状に押出成形し、オートクレーブ養生してセメント板を製造するセメント組成物において、上記水硬性材料がブレーン比表面積２０００cm２/ｇ以上の微粒粉と、１５００cm２/g以上〜２０００cm２/g未満の粗粒粉とからなり、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の合計量が１.０質量％〜１５.０質量％であることを特徴とするセメント組成物。
〔２〕水硬性材料中のセメント粗粒粉の量が１.４質量％〜１３.０質量％である上記[１]に記載するセメント組成物。
〔３〕水硬性材料中の珪酸質粗粒粉の量が１.３質量％〜７.５質量％である上記[１]または上記[２]に記載するセメント組成物。
〔４〕水硬性材料の含有量が３０質量％〜９５質量％であり、該水硬性材料中のセメント量が珪酸質粉末量の１倍量以上である上記[１]〜上記[３]の何れかに記載するセメント組成物。
〔５〕セメントと珪酸質原料微粉末からなる水硬性材料と骨材、繊維および混和剤を含むセメント組成物を板状に押出成形し、オートクレーブ養生してなるセメント板であり、ブレーン比表面積２０００cm２/ｇ以上の微粒粉と、１５００cm２/g以上〜２０００cm２/g未満の粗粒粉とからなり、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の合計量が１.０質量％〜１５.０質量％である水硬性材料を用いたことを特徴とするセメント板。
The present invention relates to a cement composition having the following constitution and a cement board manufactured by the cement composition.
[1] A cement composition comprising a hydraulic material composed of cement and siliceous powder, aggregate, fiber and admixture, extruded into a plate shape, and cured by autoclave to produce a cement plate. rigid material composed of a Blaine specific surface area of 2000 cm 2 / g or more fine powder, and 1500 cm 2 / g or more ~2000cm 2 / g less coarse powder, the total amount of cement coarse powder and siliceous coarse powder 1 Cement composition characterized by being 0.0 mass% to 15.0 mass%.
[2] The cement composition according to the above [1], wherein the amount of the coarse cement powder in the hydraulic material is 1.4% by mass to 13.0% by mass.
[3] The cement composition according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the amount of the siliceous coarse powder in the hydraulic material is 1.3% by mass to 7.5% by mass.
[4] The content of the hydraulic material is 30% by mass to 95% by mass, and the amount of cement in the hydraulic material is one or more times the amount of siliceous powder. The cement composition described in any one.
[5] A cement board formed by extruding a cement composition containing cement, a siliceous raw material fine powder and an aggregate, fiber and admixture into a plate and curing it, and having a brain specific surface area of 2000 cm It consists of fine powder of 2 / g or more and coarse powder of 1500 cm 2 / g or more and less than 2000 cm 2 / g, and the total amount of cement coarse powder and siliceous coarse powder is 1.0 mass% to 15. A cement board characterized by using a hydraulic material of 0% by mass.
〔具体的な説明〕
本発明のセメント組成物は、セメントと珪酸質粉末からなる水硬性材料と、骨材、繊維および混和剤を含み、これらを板状に押出成形し、オートクレーブ養生してセメント板を製造するセメント組成物において、上記水硬性材料がブレーン比表面積２０００cm２/ｇ以上の微粒粉と、１５００cm２/g以上〜２０００cm２/g未満の粗粒粉とからなり、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の合計量が１.０質量％〜１５.０質量％であることを特徴とするセメント組成物である。
[Specific description]
The cement composition of the present invention includes a hydraulic material composed of cement and siliceous powder, an aggregate, a fiber, and an admixture, and these are extruded into a plate shape and autoclaved to produce a cement plate. in things, the hydraulic material is Blaine specific surface area of 2000 cm 2 / g or more fine powders and consists of a 1500 cm 2 / g or more ~2000cm 2 / g less coarse powder, cement coarse powder and siliceous coarse powder Is a cement composition characterized by having a total amount of 1.0 mass% to 15.0 mass%.
本発明は、セメント組成物に含まれる水硬性材料の粗粒粉量を上記範囲に調整することによって、該組成物を板状に押出成形してオートクレーブ養生してなるセメント板について、その強度が養生後にも増進するようにしたものである。 The present invention relates to a cement plate obtained by extruding the composition into a plate shape and curing the autoclave by adjusting the amount of coarse particles of the hydraulic material contained in the cement composition to the above range. It is designed to improve even after curing.
本発明のセメント組成物に含まれる水硬性材料の含有量は約３０質量％〜約９５質量％が良く、さらには約４０質量％〜９０質量％が好ましい。セメント組成物中の水硬性材料が上記含有量より少ないと、成形したセメント板について所望の強度が得られず、良好な押出成形性が得られない。また、水硬性材料が上記含有量よりも多いと、相対的に骨材量が少なくなるので、やはり十分な強度や良好な押出成形性が得られない。 The content of the hydraulic material contained in the cement composition of the present invention is preferably about 30% by mass to about 95% by mass, more preferably about 40% by mass to 90% by mass. When the hydraulic material in the cement composition is less than the above content, a desired strength cannot be obtained with respect to the molded cement board, and good extrudability cannot be obtained. Further, when the hydraulic material is more than the above content, the amount of aggregate is relatively reduced, so that sufficient strength and good extrudability cannot be obtained.
水硬性材料はセメントと珪酸質粉末とからなる。水硬性材料の構成材料であるセメントは、普通ポルトランドセメントなどの各種ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、低熱ポルトランドセメントなど各種のポルトランドセメントを用いることができる。珪酸質粉末は、珪石粉末等の天然ポゾラン物質粉末、または石炭火力発電所の副産物である石炭灰やフライアッシュ（JIS A 6201:1999 「コンクリート用フライアッシュ」に規定されるＩ級、II級、III級、IV級のフライアッシュ）などを用いることができる。 The hydraulic material consists of cement and siliceous powder. As the cement which is a constituent material of the hydraulic material, various Portland cements such as ordinary Portland cements, early strong Portland cements, moderately hot Portland cements, low heat Portland cements and the like can be used. Silicic powder is natural pozzolanic material powder such as silica powder, or coal ash and fly ash by-product of coal-fired power plant (Class A, Class II, JIS A 6201: 1999 “Fly ash for concrete” Class III and IV fly ash) can be used.
水硬性材料に含まれるセメント量は珪酸質粉末量の約１.０倍量以上が適当であり、約１.０〜約８倍量が好く、約１．５〜６倍量がさらに好ましい。セメント量が珪酸質粉末量の１.０倍量より少ないと、カルシウム量が不足し水和反応が不十分になるのでセメント板の強度が低下する。一方、セメント量が珪酸質粉末量の８倍量を超えると珪酸質粉末を加える効果が十分に得られない。 The amount of cement contained in the hydraulic material is suitably about 1.0 times the amount of siliceous powder, preferably about 1.0 to about 8 times, and more preferably about 1.5 to 6 times. . If the amount of cement is less than 1.0 times the amount of siliceous powder, the amount of calcium is insufficient and the hydration reaction becomes insufficient, so the strength of the cement board decreases. On the other hand, when the amount of cement exceeds 8 times the amount of siliceous powder, the effect of adding siliceous powder cannot be sufficiently obtained.
上記水硬性材料を構成するセメントおよび珪酸質粉末は何れもレーン比表面積２０００cm２/ｇ以上の微粒粉と、１５００cm２/g以上〜２０００cm２/g未満の粗粒粉とによって形成されている。
セメントおよび珪酸質粉末について、ブレーン比表面積１５００cm２/g以上〜２０００cm２/g未満の粉末を粗粒粉と云い、ブレーン比表面積２０００cm２/ｇ以上の粉末を微粒粉と云う。また、セメント粗粒粉とセメント微粒粉を含めてセメントと云い、珪酸質粗粒粉と珪酸質微粒粉を含めて珪酸質粉末と云う。また、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉を含めて単に粗粒粉と云う。
Cement and siliceous powder and Lane ratio Any surface area of 2000 cm 2 / g or more fine powder constituting the hydraulic material, and is formed by a 1500 cm 2 / g or more ~2000cm 2 / g of less than coarse powder.
For cement and siliceous powder, refers to Blaine specific surface area of 1500 cm 2 / g or more ~2000cm powder of less than 2 / g and coarse powder, referred to as fine powder Blaine specific surface area of 2000 cm 2 / g or more powder. Further, the cement coarse powder and the cement fine powder are referred to as cement, and the siliceous coarse powder and the siliceous fine powder are referred to as siliceous powder. Further, the cement coarse powder and the siliceous coarse powder are simply referred to as coarse powder.
本発明のセメント組成物において、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の合計量は１.０質量％〜１５.０質量％が良く、１.３質量％〜１３.０質量％が好ましい。セメント組成物中のセメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の合計量が１.０質量％未満では、オートクレーブ養生後の強度が十分に増進しない。また、該粗粒粉の量が１５.０質量％を超えると、初期強度が低下する傾向が強くなる。 In the cement composition of the present invention, the total amount of the coarse cement powder and the siliceous coarse powder is preferably 1.0% by mass to 15.0% by mass, and preferably 1.3% by mass to 13.0% by mass. When the total amount of cement coarse particles and siliceous coarse particles in the cement composition is less than 1.0% by mass, the strength after autoclave curing is not sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the amount of the coarse powder exceeds 15.0% by mass, the initial strength tends to decrease.
上記水硬性材料において、セメント粗粒粉の量は１.４質量％〜１３.０質量％が好ましく、３.０質量％〜１０.５質量％がより好ましい。セメント粗粒粉の量が上記範囲であるときは珪酸質粗粒粉の量はゼロでもよい。セメント粗粒粉の量が１.４質量％未満ではオートクレーブ養生後に強度が増進した後に僅かに低下する傾向が見られる。また、セメント粗粒粉の量が１３.０質量％を超えると初期強度の発現が不十分になる傾向が見られる。セメント粗粒粉の量が３.０質量％〜１０.５質量％の範囲では、初期強度が十分に発現し、長期強度が初期強度より約１割程度向上する。 In the hydraulic material, the amount of the coarse cement powder is preferably 1.4% by mass to 13.0% by mass, and more preferably 3.0% by mass to 10.5% by mass. When the amount of coarse cement powder is within the above range, the amount of siliceous coarse powder may be zero. If the amount of coarse cement powder is less than 1.4% by mass, there is a tendency to slightly decrease after the strength is increased after autoclave curing. Moreover, when the amount of coarse cement powder exceeds 13.0% by mass, the initial strength tends to be insufficiently developed. When the amount of coarse cement powder is in the range of 3.0% by mass to 10.5% by mass, the initial strength is sufficiently developed, and the long-term strength is improved by about 10% from the initial strength.
上記水硬性材料において、珪酸質粗粒粉の量は１.３質量％〜７.５質量％が好ましく、１.８質量％〜５.４質量％がより好ましい。珪酸質粗粒粉の量が上記範囲であるときはセメント粗粒粉の量はゼロでもよい。珪酸質粗粒粉の量が１.３質量％未満では養生後に強度が増進した後に僅かに低下する傾向が見られる。また、該粗粒粉の量が７.５質量％を超えると長期強度の増進が小さくなる傾向がある。珪酸質粗粒粉の量が１.８質量％〜５.４質量％の範囲では、初期強度が十分に発現し、長期強度が初期強度より約１割程度向上する。 In the hydraulic material, the amount of the siliceous coarse powder is preferably 1.3% by mass to 7.5% by mass, and more preferably 1.8% by mass to 5.4% by mass. When the amount of siliceous coarse powder is within the above range, the amount of cement coarse powder may be zero. If the amount of the siliceous coarse powder is less than 1.3% by mass, a tendency to decrease slightly after the strength is increased after curing is observed. Further, when the amount of the coarse powder exceeds 7.5% by mass, the increase in long-term strength tends to be small. When the amount of the siliceous coarse particle powder is in the range of 1.8 mass% to 5.4 mass%, the initial strength is sufficiently developed, and the long-term strength is improved by about 10% from the initial strength.
水硬性材料に含まれるセメントと珪酸質粉末の何れについても、その粗粒粉量を上記範囲に調整することによって、オートクレーブ養生後の強度を増進させることができる。該水硬性材料の粗粒粉は、セメント粗粒粉のみでもよく、珪酸質粗粒粉のみでもよい。また、セメント粗粒粉と珪酸質粗粒粉の両方を用いてもよく、これらに粗粒粉を混入することによってオートクレーブ養生後の強度を増進させることができる。 For any of cement and siliceous powder contained in the hydraulic material, the strength after curing in an autoclave can be increased by adjusting the amount of coarse particles to the above range. The coarse particle of the hydraulic material may be only cement coarse particle or only siliceous coarse particle. Moreover, you may use both a cement coarse grain powder and a siliceous coarse grain powder, and the intensity | strength after autoclave curing can be improved by mixing coarse grain powder in these.
本発明のセメント組成物に含まれる骨材としては、セメント製品に一般的に配合される珪砂、砕砂、川砂、山砂、高炉スラグ砕砂などの細骨材を用いることができる。該セメント組成物中の骨材量は約１０質量％〜約６０質量％が良く、さらには押出成形性を考慮すると約１５質量％〜約４５質量％が好ましい。 As the aggregate contained in the cement composition of the present invention, fine aggregates such as quartz sand, crushed sand, river sand, mountain sand, and blast furnace slag crushed sand generally blended in cement products can be used. The amount of aggregate in the cement composition is preferably about 10% by mass to about 60% by mass, and more preferably about 15% by mass to about 45% by mass in consideration of extrusion moldability.
本発明のセメント組成物に含まれる繊維はパルプ繊維として、クラフトパルプ、サイザルパルプ、ＰＳパルプ、ＰＫパルプ、古紙パルプなどの天然繊維を用いることができる。繊維長は、押出成形性を考慮すると１ｍｍ〜６ｍｍが好ましく、該セメント組成物中の繊維量は約１質量％〜約３質量％が好ましい。 As the fibers contained in the cement composition of the present invention, natural fibers such as kraft pulp, sisal pulp, PS pulp, PK pulp, and waste paper pulp can be used as pulp fibers. The fiber length is preferably 1 mm to 6 mm in consideration of extrusion moldability, and the amount of fiber in the cement composition is preferably about 1% by mass to about 3% by mass.
本発明のセメント組成物は、必要に応じて、増粘剤、減水剤、流動化剤などの混和剤を含むことができる。混和剤の含有量は約３重量％未満が好ましい。 The cement composition of the present invention can contain admixtures such as a thickener, a water reducing agent, and a fluidizing agent, if necessary. The admixture content is preferably less than about 3% by weight.
本発明の上記セメント組成物を板状に押出成形し、該板状成形体をオートクレーブに入れ、１７０℃〜１８０℃の高温高圧下で水和反応を促進してセメント板が製造される。 The above-mentioned cement composition of the present invention is extruded into a plate shape, the plate-shaped molded body is placed in an autoclave, and a hydration reaction is promoted at a high temperature and high pressure of 170 ° C. to 180 ° C. to produce a cement plate.
本発明のセメント組成物を板状に押出成形してオートクレーブ養生してなるセメント板は、製造直後の曲げ強度は従来品と同程度であるが、供用後に曲げ強度が次第に向上する。具体的には、本発明の実施例では、製造直後の曲げ強度に対して３年後の曲げ強度は約１割程度向上する。 The cement plate obtained by extruding the cement composition of the present invention into a plate shape and curing by autoclave has the same bending strength as that of the conventional product, but the bending strength gradually improves after use. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bending strength after 3 years is improved by about 10% compared to the bending strength immediately after the production.
本発明の実施例を以下に示す。製造したセメント板の曲げ強度は規格（JIS A 5441：2003「押出成形セメント板」）に基づいて測定した。なお、実施例では、珪酸質粉末として珪石粉を用いた場合を示すが、これに限定されるものではなく、珪酸粉末として石炭灰やフライアッシュを用いることができる。 Examples of the present invention are shown below. The bending strength of the produced cement board was measured based on the standard (JIS A 5441: 2003 “Extruded Cement Board”). In addition, although an Example shows the case where a silica powder is used as a siliceous powder, it is not limited to this, Coal ash and fly ash can be used as a silicic acid powder.
〔実施例１〕
表１に示す材料を表２に示す配合で調合した乾式材料に、水を１８.５質量％加えて混練し、セメント組成物を製造した。該セメント組成物を板状（厚さ６０mm、幅６００mm、長さ２ｍ）に押出成形した。該成形板をオートクレーブに入れ、温度１７５℃、圧力８kgf/cm２で３．０時間養生し、セメント板を製造した。このセメント板について、製造直後〜３年後の曲げ強度を測定した。測定結果を表２に示した。
[Example 1]
A dry composition prepared by mixing the materials shown in Table 1 with the formulation shown in Table 2 was added with 18.5% by mass of water and kneaded to produce a cement composition. The cement composition was extruded into a plate shape (thickness 60 mm, width 600 mm, length 2 m). The molded plate was put in an autoclave and cured at a temperature of 175 ° C. and a pressure of 8 kgf / cm 2 for 3.0 hours to produce a cement plate. About this cement board, the bending strength after 3 years after manufacture was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.
実施例１において、試料Ａ５は製造直後および１年後の強度が比較試料Ｂよりも低いが、２年後および３年後の強度は比較試料Ｂよりも高い。また、試料Ａ２〜Ａ５は製造直後の強度よりも３年後の強度が約１割程度高くなっており、３年後の強度は何れも比較試料Ｂよりも高い。試料Ａ１も製造直後の強度より２年後の強度が向上しており、また試料Ａ１の３年後の強度は比較試料Ｂよりも高い。一方、比較試料（No.Ｂ）は経時的な強度の増加は見られない。 In Example 1, the strength of sample A5 immediately after manufacture and after one year is lower than that of comparative sample B, but the strength after two years and three years is higher than that of comparative sample B. Samples A2 to A5 have a strength about 10% higher after 3 years than the strength immediately after manufacture, and the strength after 3 years is higher than that of comparative sample B. The strength of the sample A1 is 2 years after the strength immediately after manufacture, and the strength of the sample A1 after 3 years is higher than that of the comparative sample B. On the other hand, the comparative sample (No. B) shows no increase in strength over time.
〔実施例２〕
表１に示す材料を表３に示す配合で調合した乾式材料に、水を１８.５質量％加えて混練し、セメント組成物を製造した。該セメント組成物を板状（厚さ６０mm、幅６００mm、長さ２ｍ）に押出成形した。該成形板をオートクレーブに入れ、温度１７５℃、圧力８kgf/cm２で３．０時間養生し、セメント板を製造した。このセメント板について、製造直後〜３年後の曲げ強度を測定した。測定結果を表３に示した。
[Example 2]
A dry composition prepared by mixing the materials shown in Table 1 with the formulation shown in Table 3 was added with 18.5% by mass of water and kneaded to produce a cement composition. The cement composition was extruded into a plate shape (thickness 60 mm, width 600 mm, length 2 m). The molded plate was put in an autoclave and cured at a temperature of 175 ° C. and a pressure of 8 kgf / cm 2 for 3.0 hours to produce a cement plate. About this cement board, the bending strength after 3 years after manufacture was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 3.
実施例２において、試料Ａ６〜Ａ１０の製造直後の強度は比較試料Ｂと同程度であるが、３年後の強度は何れも比較試料Ｂよりも高い。また、試料Ａ６〜Ａ１０の何れも強度が経時的に増進しており、製造直後の強度よりも３年後の強度が約１割程度高くなっている。 In Example 2, the strength immediately after manufacture of Samples A6 to A10 is similar to that of Comparative Sample B, but the strength after 3 years is higher than that of Comparative Sample B. In addition, all the samples A6 to A10 have increased in strength over time, and the strength after three years is about 10% higher than the strength immediately after manufacture.
〔実施例３〕
表１に示す材料を表４に示す配合で調合した乾式材料に、水を１８.５質量％加えて混練し、セメント組成物を製造した。該セメント組成物を板状（厚さ６０mm、幅６００mm、長さ２ｍ）に押出成形した。該成形板をオートクレーブに入れ、温度１７５℃、圧力８kgf/cm２で３．０時間養生し、セメント板を製造した。このセメント板について、製造直後〜３年後の曲げ強度を測定した。測定結果を表４に示した。
Example 3
A dry composition prepared by mixing the materials shown in Table 1 with the formulation shown in Table 4 was added with 18.5% by mass of water and kneaded to produce a cement composition. The cement composition was extruded into a plate shape (thickness 60 mm, width 600 mm, length 2 m). The molded plate was put in an autoclave and cured at a temperature of 175 ° C. and a pressure of 8 kgf / cm 2 for 3.0 hours to produce a cement plate. About this cement board, the bending strength after 3 years after manufacture was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 4.
実施例３において、試料Ａ１１〜Ａ１５の製造直後の強度は比較試料Ｂと同程度であるが、３年後の強度は何れも比較試料Ｂよりも高い。また、試料Ａ１１〜Ａ１５の何れも強度が経時的に増進しており、製造直後の強度よりも３年後の強度が約１割程度高くなっている。 In Example 3, the strength immediately after manufacture of Samples A11 to A15 is similar to that of Comparative Sample B, but the strength after 3 years is higher than that of Comparative Sample B. Moreover, the intensity | strength of all the samples A11-A15 is increasing with time, and the intensity | strength after three years is about 10% higher than the intensity | strength immediately after manufacture.
〔実施例４〕
表１に示す材料を表５に示す配合で調合した乾式材料に、水を１８.５質量％加えて混練し、セメント組成物を製造した。該セメント組成物を板状（厚さ６０mm、幅６００mm、長さ２ｍ）に押出成形した。該成形板をオートクレーブに入れ、温度１７５℃、圧力８kgf/cm２で３．０時間養生し、セメント板を製造した。このセメント板について、製造直後〜３年後の曲げ強度を測定した。測定結果を表５に示した。
Example 4
A dry composition prepared by mixing the materials shown in Table 1 with the formulation shown in Table 5 was added with 18.5% by mass of water and kneaded to produce a cement composition. The cement composition was extruded into a plate shape (thickness 60 mm, width 600 mm, length 2 m). The molded plate was put in an autoclave and cured at a temperature of 175 ° C. and a pressure of 8 kgf / cm 2 for 3.0 hours to produce a cement plate. About this cement board, the bending strength after 3 years after manufacture was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 5.
表５に示すように、セメント組成物中の水硬性材料の含有量が３０質量％の試料Ａ１６および９５質量％の試料Ａ１７に比べて、水硬性材料の含有量が２６質量％の試料Ｃ１は曲げ強度の発現性が劣る。また９６質量％の試料Ｃ２は試料Ａ１７に比べて押出成形性が不良であり、さらにオートクレーブ養生後の曲げ強度が低下するため、水硬性材料が９５質量％を上回るようにする必要はない。従って、セメント組成物中の水硬性材料の含有量は３０質量％〜９５質量％が好ましい。 As shown in Table 5, the sample C1 having a hydraulic material content of 26% by mass is compared to the sample A16 having a hydraulic material content of 30% by mass and the sample A17 having a mass content of 95% by mass in the cement composition. Insufficient expression of bending strength. Further, the 96% by mass of the sample C2 has poor extrusion moldability as compared with the sample A17, and further, the bending strength after the autoclave curing is lowered. Therefore, it is not necessary that the hydraulic material exceeds 95% by mass. Therefore, the content of the hydraulic material in the cement composition is preferably 30% by mass to 95% by mass.
Claims (5)
A cement board made by extruding a cement composition containing a cement and a siliceous powder and a cement composition containing aggregates, fibers and admixtures, and curing it with a brain surface area of 2000 cm 2 / g or more. It consists of fine powder and coarse powder of 1500 cm 2 / g or more and less than 2000 cm 2 / g, and the total amount of cement coarse powder and siliceous coarse powder is 1.0 mass% to 15.0 mass%. Cement board characterized by using hydraulic material.
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