JP2016108622A - Oil content separation method and oil content separator for metal cutting chip - Google Patents
Oil content separation method and oil content separator for metal cutting chip Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 341
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 341
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 316
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 269
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 175
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 35
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- LMGZGXSXHCMSAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclodecane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCC1 LMGZGXSXHCMSAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、油分を含んだ金属切削屑（ダライ粉、切り粉ともいう）を破砕し、破砕した金属切削屑に振動を与えながら、抽出剤を供給することにより、金属切削屑から油分を分離除去する油分分離方法および油分分離装置に関する。 The present invention crushes metal cutting waste containing oil (also called Dalai powder or swarf) and separates the oil from metal cutting waste by supplying extractant while vibrating the crushed metal cutting waste. The present invention relates to an oil separation method and an oil separation device to be removed.
金属類の切削などの加工時に発生する屑を金属切削屑といい、例えば、旋盤機などで丸棒を加工形成するとき、あるいは、ねじの溝を削るときなどに、金属切削屑が発生する。このような金属類の切削加工時には、切削油が使用されるため、金属切削屑には油分が０．５〜３質量％付着している。また、金属切削屑の多くは長細く、反っている状態、もしくは、カール状の状態のものが多い。そのため、金属切削屑の嵩比重は、０．１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ３と金属の真比重と比べて小さくなる。また、多くの場合、金属切削屑は屋外保管されており、雨水による水分が付着している。また、ヤードなどの保管場所では微細な土が金属切削屑に混じることもある。 Scrap generated during processing such as metal cutting is referred to as metal cutting scrap. For example, metal cutting scrap is generated when a round bar is processed and formed by a lathe or when a screw groove is cut. Since cutting oil is used at the time of such metal cutting, 0.5 to 3 mass% of oil adheres to the metal cutting waste. Further, most of the metal cutting scraps are long, warped, or curled. Therefore, the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste is 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3 , which is smaller than the true specific gravity of the metal. In many cases, metal cutting waste is stored outdoors, and moisture from rainwater adheres to it. In addition, fine soil may be mixed with metal cutting waste in storage locations such as yards.
このような金属切削屑は、同成分の金属スクラップと比較して安価に市中で取引されている場合が多く、金属原料として再利用されている。通常、金属切削屑はバケットなどのコンテナに入れ、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に一度に投入され、金属原料として再利用されている。しかしながら、金属切削屑には油分が付着しているために、金属切削屑に付着している油分量が多いと、炉に投入と同時に油分が燃え上がるため、上部にあるバケット部分を上回る大きな炎が発生し、作業安全上好ましくなく、炉への投入量を抑制せざるを得ない。さらに、金属切削屑に付着している油分濃度は変動するため、炎の大きさが予測できないため、炉への投入量は抑制傾向になる。また、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に投入する際に、まず、バケット内に金属切削屑を装入し、該バケットから一度に電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に投入するが、金属切削屑の嵩比重が０．１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ３と小さいため、バケット内に装入できる重量が小さくなる。 Such metal cutting scraps are often traded in the city at a lower cost than the same component metal scrap, and are reused as metal raw materials. Usually, metal cutting waste is put into a container such as a bucket, and is put into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or a converter at a time and reused as a metal raw material. However, since oil is attached to the metal cutting waste, if there is a large amount of oil attached to the metal cutting waste, the oil will burn up as soon as it is put into the furnace. This is undesirable in terms of work safety, and the amount to be charged into the furnace must be suppressed. Furthermore, since the concentration of the oil adhering to the metal cuttings fluctuates, the size of the flame cannot be predicted, so that the amount charged into the furnace tends to be suppressed. In addition, when charging into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or converter, first, metal scraps are charged into the bucket and then charged into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or converter at a time. Since the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting scrap is as small as 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3 , the weight that can be charged in the bucket is small.
以上のようなことから、金属切削屑に対して、種々の検討がなされてきた。 From the above, various studies have been made on metal cutting waste.
特許文献１においては、水分および油分が付着したアルミダライ粉を粉砕した後、乾燥炉に投入し、アルミダライ粉に付着している水分および油分を、蒸発および熱分解することが提案されている。しかしながら、この方法では、乾燥炉でアルミダライ粉を加熱するための燃料が必要となり、処理コストが高くなるという課題がある。 In Patent Document 1, it is proposed that after pulverizing the aluminum dairy powder to which moisture and oil are adhered, it is put into a drying furnace and the moisture and oil that are attached to the aluminum dairy powder are evaporated and thermally decomposed. . However, this method requires a fuel for heating the aluminum dairy powder in the drying furnace, and there is a problem that the processing cost increases.
また、金属切削屑ではないが、金属加工品（中間製品）から油脂を分離するため、溶剤（抽出剤ともいう）を利用した油分の分離除去技術も検討されている。例えば、特許文献２においては、金属加工した金属部品などの金属加工品から、加工時に塗布した油分もしくは防錆のため塗布した油分を分離するため、炭化水素系洗浄剤を金属加工品に噴射して脱脂洗浄を行う。また、特許文献２では、脱脂洗浄廃液を再生する蒸留設備により洗浄剤を再生するために、洗浄装置と蒸留装置を併せ持った真空脱脂洗浄設備が提案されている。しかし、この金属加工品には、水分や土などの不純物は付着していないため、それに対応する設備について、特許文献２には何ら記載されていない。また、特許文献２には、対象とする金属加工品の嵩比重についての記載はないが、嵩比重が大きくなった場合、金属加工品の表面の大部分が重なりあうようになり、金属加工品表面からの油分分離は難しくなるという課題があった。 In addition, although not metal cutting scraps, in order to separate oils and fats from metal processed products (intermediate products), a technique for separating and removing oil using a solvent (also referred to as an extractant) has been studied. For example, in Patent Document 2, in order to separate an oil component applied during processing or an oil component applied for rust prevention from a metal processed product such as a metal processed metal part, a hydrocarbon-based cleaning agent is injected onto the metal processed product. Perform degreasing and cleaning. Patent Document 2 proposes a vacuum degreasing and cleaning facility having both a cleaning device and a distillation device in order to regenerate the cleaning agent using a distillation facility that regenerates the degreasing cleaning waste liquid. However, since impurities such as moisture and soil are not attached to this metal processed product, Patent Document 2 does not describe any equipment corresponding thereto. Further, Patent Document 2 does not describe the bulk specific gravity of the target metal processed product. However, when the bulk specific gravity increases, most of the surface of the metal processed product overlaps, and the metal processed product overlaps. There was a problem that oil separation from the surface was difficult.
そこで、本発明は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、本発明の課題は、金属切削屑の嵩比重を大きくでき、かつ、金属切削屑から油分を安価かつ効果的に分離することで油分付着量を低位安定化することが可能な、新規且つ改良された油分分離方法および油分分離装置を提供することである。 Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, and the subject of this invention is to be able to enlarge the bulk specific gravity of metal cutting waste, and to isolate | separate oil from metal cutting waste cheaply and effectively. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved oil separation method and oil separation device capable of stabilizing the amount of oil attached to a low level.
油分付着量が低位安定し、かつ、嵩比重が大きい金属切削屑を得るために、本願発明者が鋭意検討した結果、破砕機により金属切削屑を破砕し、かつ、破砕した金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えて油分を分離除去するだけでは、嵩比重は大きくなるものの、金属切削屑から油分を好適に分離できず、油分付着量は低位安定化しないことが判明した。これに対して、破砕した金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えて油分を分離除去する時に、該金属切削屑に振動を与えることにより、油分付着量が低位安定し、かつ、嵩比重の大きい金属切削屑を得られることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies by the inventor of the present application in order to obtain metal cutting waste having a low oil adhesion amount and a large bulk specific gravity, the metal cutting waste was crushed by a crusher and extracted into crushed metal cutting waste. It has been found that, by adding an agent and separating and removing the oil component, the bulk specific gravity increases, but the oil component cannot be suitably separated from the metal cutting waste, and the oil adhesion amount is not stabilized at a low level. On the other hand, when adding an extractant to the crushed metal cutting waste to separate and remove the oil, by applying vibration to the metal cutting waste, the amount of oil adhesion is stabilized at a low level and the metal cutting with a large bulk specific gravity is performed. I found that I can get rubbish.
以下に、上記課題を解決するための手段を記載する。 Hereinafter, means for solving the above-described problems will be described.
上記課題を解決するため、本発明のある観点によれば、 油分と水分が付着した金属切削屑から、前記油分を分離する油分分離方法において、
前記金属切削屑を破砕する工程と、
前記破砕された金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、該金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する工程と、
を含み、
前記油分を分離する工程において、前記金属切削屑を振動させることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離方法が提供される。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, in an oil separation method for separating the oil from metal cutting waste to which oil and moisture are attached,
Crushing the metal cutting waste;
Separating the oil from the metal cutting waste by adding an extractant to the crushed metal cutting waste;
Including
In the step of separating the oil, the metal cutting waste is vibrated, and a metal cutting waste oil separation method is provided.
また、上記課題を解決するため、本発明の別の観点によれば、
油分と水分が付着し、かつ破砕された金属切削屑から、前記油分を分離する油分分離方法において、
前記金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、前記金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する工程において、前記金属切削屑を振動させることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離方法が提供される。
In order to solve the above problem, according to another aspect of the present invention,
In the oil separation method for separating the oil from the crushed metal scraps, to which the oil and moisture are attached,
By adding an extractant to the metal cutting waste, the metal cutting waste is vibrated in the step of separating the oil content from the metal cutting waste.
前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法は、
（１）前記金属切削屑に対して前記抽出剤を間欠的に噴射することにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（２）前記金属切削屑の上方に設置された電磁石の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、前記金属切削屑を上下動させることにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（３）前記金属切削屑を容器に収容するとともに、前記容器に隣接して設置された電磁石の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、前記容器を揺動させることにより、前記容器内の前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（４）前記金属切削屑に超音波を連続的又は間欠的に当てることにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（５）前記金属切削屑を容器に収容し、前記容器を打撃具で打撃することにより、前記容器内の前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
のうち、少なくともいずれか１つの方法、若しくは複数の方法の組合せであるようにしてもよい。
The method of vibrating the metal cutting waste,
(1) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by intermittently injecting the extractant to the metal cutting waste,
(2) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by moving the metal cutting waste up and down by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization of an electromagnet installed above the metal cutting waste,
(3) While storing the metal cutting waste in a container, repeating the magnetization and non-magnetization of an electromagnet installed adjacent to the container, and swinging the container, the metal cutting waste in the container How to vibrate,
(4) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by applying ultrasonic waves to the metal cutting waste continuously or intermittently,
(5) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste in the container by storing the metal cutting waste in a container and striking the container with a striking tool,
Of these, at least one method or a combination of a plurality of methods may be used.
前記金属切削屑の長さが、４０ｍｍ以下であるようにしてもよい。 You may make it the length of the said metal cutting waste be 40 mm or less.
また、上記課題を解決するため、本発明の別の観点によれば、
油分と水分が付着した金属切削屑から、前記油分を分離する油分分離装置において、
前記金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、該金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する油分分離槽と、
前記油分分離槽に設けられ、前記金属切削屑から前記油分を分離するときに、前記油分分離槽内に配置された前記金属切削屑を振動させる加振装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離装置が提供される。
In order to solve the above problem, according to another aspect of the present invention,
In an oil separation device that separates the oil from metal cutting waste to which oil and moisture are attached,
An oil separation tank for separating the oil from the metal cutting waste by adding an extractant to the metal cutting waste;
A vibration device that is provided in the oil separation tank and vibrates the metal cutting waste disposed in the oil separation tank when separating the oil from the metal cutting waste;
An oil separation device for metal cutting waste is provided.
前記加振装置は、
（１）前記金属切削屑に対して前記抽出剤を間欠的に噴射する抽出剤噴射装置、
（２）前記金属切削屑の上方に設置され、磁化と非磁化を繰り返すことにより前記金属切削屑を上下動させる第１の電磁石、
（３）前記金属切削屑を収容する容器に隣接して設置され、磁化と非磁化を繰り返すことにより、前記容器を揺動させる第２の電磁石、
（４）前記金属切削屑に超音波を連続的又は間欠的に当てる超音波発生装置、
（５）前記金属切削屑を収容する前記容器を打撃する打撃具、
のうち、少なくともいずれか１つ、若しくは複数の組合せであるようにしてもよい。
The vibration exciter is
(1) An extractant injection device that intermittently injects the extractant to the metal cutting waste,
(2) a first electromagnet that is installed above the metal cutting waste and moves the metal cutting waste up and down by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization;
(3) a second electromagnet which is installed adjacent to the container for storing the metal cutting waste and swings the container by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization;
(4) An ultrasonic generator for continuously or intermittently applying ultrasonic waves to the metal cutting waste,
(5) A striking tool for striking the container containing the metal cutting waste,
Of these, at least one of them or a combination of a plurality of them may be used.
本発明により、金属切削屑の嵩比重を大きくでき、かつ、金属切削屑から油分を安価かつ効果的に分離することで油分付着量を低位安定化することができる。 According to the present invention, the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste can be increased, and the oil adhesion amount can be stabilized at a low level by separating the oil from the metal cutting waste at low cost and effectively.
以下に添付図面を参照しながら、本発明の好適な実施の形態に係る金属切削屑の油分分離方法及び油分分離装置について詳細に説明する。なお、本明細書及び図面において、実質的に同一の機能構成を有する構成要素については、同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, an oil component separation method and an oil component separation apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.
本実施形態の対象とする金属切削屑は、例えば、油分および水分が付着した嵩比重０．１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ３となる金属切削屑である。金属切削屑の保管方法によっては、金属切削屑に対する付着物として、油分および水分以外にも、土砂などの不純物が含まれる場合もある。金属切削屑の材質は、アルミニウム、銅、鉄、ステンレス、特殊鋼などであるが、かかる例に限定されず、任意の金属であってよい。 The metal cutting waste which is the target of the present embodiment is, for example, metal cutting waste having a bulk specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3 to which oil and moisture are attached. Depending on the method for storing the metal cutting waste, impurities such as earth and sand may be included in addition to the oil and moisture as the deposit on the metal cutting waste. The material of the metal cutting waste is aluminum, copper, iron, stainless steel, special steel or the like, but is not limited to this example, and may be any metal.
金属切削屑の嵩比重を大きくするためには、例えば、破砕機などによる金属切削屑の破砕、または、プレス機などによる金属切削屑の圧縮が考えられる。しかし、プレス機などによる圧縮では、油分を分離除去するために供給される抽出剤が、圧縮後の金属切削屑の間隙に侵入できない部分が発生し、油分の分離除去性能が低下するため、油分付着量の低位安定化は難しくなる。一方、破砕機などによる破砕では、金属切削屑は強固に絡まっていないため、１つ１つの金属切削屑は、振動を加えると、それぞれ振動しやすいという特徴を持つ。 In order to increase the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste, for example, crushing of the metal cutting waste by a crusher or the like, or compression of the metal cutting waste by a press machine or the like can be considered. However, in compression by a press machine or the like, the extractant supplied to separate and remove the oil component generates a portion that cannot enter the gap between the metal cutting scraps after compression, and the oil component separation and removal performance deteriorates. It is difficult to stabilize the adhesion amount at a low level. On the other hand, in the crushing by a crusher or the like, the metal cutting waste is not firmly entangled, so that each metal cutting waste has a characteristic that it easily vibrates when it is vibrated.
通常、金属切削屑が発生する場所と、金属切削屑をリサイクルする場所は異なっていることがほとんどであり、ハンドリングの面から、金属切削屑を重機などで引きちぎったり、カットしている。よって、運搬作業を伴う金属切削屑は、なんらかの形で破砕されていることが多い。このような、予め破砕された金属切削屑に対しても、本実施形態に係る油分分離方法を適用することができる。 Usually, the place where metal cutting waste is generated is different from the place where metal cutting waste is recycled, and the metal cutting waste is torn off or cut with a heavy machine or the like from the handling surface. Therefore, the metal cutting waste accompanied by the carrying work is often crushed in some form. The oil separation method according to this embodiment can also be applied to such metal chips that have been crushed in advance.
まず、破砕前の金属切削屑に付着している油分と水分の存在形態について図１を用いて説明する。図１に示すように、破砕前の金属切削屑は、反った状態またはカール状のものが多く、また、細長い。そのため、金属切削屑の間隙（即ち、金属切削屑の塊の内部の空隙）は非常に大きく、嵩比重は０．１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ３であり、金属の真比重（例えば、アルミニウム：２．７ｇ／ｃｍ３、銅：８．９ｇ／ｃｍ３、鉄：７．９ｇ／ｃｍ３）と比べて非常に小さい。 First, the presence form of the oil and water adhering to the metal cutting waste before crushing will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the metal cutting waste before crushing is often warped or curled, and is elongated. Therefore, the gap between the metal cutting scraps (that is, the void inside the metal cutting scrap lump) is very large, the bulk specific gravity is 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3 , and the true specific gravity of the metal (for example, aluminum: 2.7 g / cm 3 , copper: 8.9 g / cm 3 , iron: 7.9 g / cm 3 ).
油分は、金属切削屑表面に付着しているが、表面全体に付着していることが多い。これは、切削油をかけながら金属を切削することが多いため、多くの場合、金属切削屑の表面全体に油分は付着する。なお、金属切削屑に付着している油分は、上記切削加工時に用いられる切削油が代表的であるが、その他にも、研削、研磨加工時に用いられる研削油、研磨油、熱処理油、錆止め油、圧延油などの各種の加工油、潤滑油、グリースなど、任意の油であってもよい。 The oil component adheres to the surface of the metal cutting waste, but often adheres to the entire surface. Since this often cuts metal while applying cutting oil, in many cases, oil adheres to the entire surface of the metal cutting waste. The oil adhering to the metal cutting scrap is typically the cutting oil used at the time of the above-mentioned cutting, but other than that, the grinding oil, polishing oil, heat treatment oil, rust prevention oil used at the time of grinding and polishing are used. Any oil such as various processing oils such as rolling oil, lubricating oil, and grease may be used.
また、金属切削屑に付着している水分は、主に雨水によるもので、金属切削屑の表面に存在する油膜層の上部に存在していることが多い。破砕前の金属切削屑は、間隙率が大きいため、油分を分離除去する抽出剤は、容易に金属切削屑表面に到達でき、容易に油分を分離除去できる。しかしながら、破砕前の金属切削屑の嵩比重は０．１〜０．５ｇ／ｃｍ３と非常に小さいため、当該嵩張る金属切削屑を収容するためには、後述する油分分離槽（図１０中の符号２５）を大きくする必要があるため、装置コストが上昇してしまう。また、金属切削屑の嵩比重が小さいため、前述のバケット内への金属切削屑の装入量（重量）を大きくすることができず、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉への金属切削屑の投入量（重量）は小さくなってしまう。このように、油分を分離する際に、金属切削屑の嵩比重が小さいと、種々の問題が生じるため、金属切削屑の嵩比重を大きくした上で、油分を分離することが好ましい。 Moreover, the water | moisture content adhering to a metal cutting waste is mainly due to rain water, and exists in the upper part of the oil film layer which exists on the surface of a metal cutting waste in many cases. Since the metal cutting waste before crushing has a high porosity, the extractant that separates and removes the oil can easily reach the surface of the metal cutting waste and can easily separate and remove the oil. However, since the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste before crushing is as small as 0.1 to 0.5 g / cm 3 , in order to accommodate the bulky metal cutting waste, an oil separation tank (in FIG. Since it is necessary to enlarge the code | symbol 25), apparatus cost will rise. In addition, since the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting scrap is small, the amount (weight) of the metal cutting scrap charged into the bucket cannot be increased, and metal cutting into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or a converter is not possible. The input amount (weight) of waste becomes small. Thus, when separating the oil, if the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste is small, various problems occur. Therefore, it is preferable to separate the oil after increasing the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste.
そこで、本実施形態では、金属切削屑から油分を分離する工程（以下、油分分離工程と称する）の前に、金属切削屑の嵩比重を大きくするために破砕するが、破砕した後の金属切削屑に付着している油分と水分の存在形態について図２を用いて説明する。破砕後の金属切削屑は、図２に示すように短いチップ状、もしくは、短棒状となる。破砕後の金属切削屑は、重なるように積み重なり、金属切削屑表面に付着している油分と水分は、積み重なった金属切削屑の間隙に入り込むようになる。金属切削屑の間隙に入り込んだ油分と水分は、該間隙に抽出剤を入り込みにくくし、特に、金属切削屑間に水分が存在していると、水分が抽出剤の侵入口を塞ぐため、その奥に存在する油分を、抽出剤を用いて分離除去できない、或いは、分離除去することが非常に困難になる。そのため、油分分離工程後であっても、金属切削屑に対する油分付着量は安定的に低下しなくなる。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, before the step of separating oil from the metal cutting waste (hereinafter referred to as oil separation step), the metal cutting is crushed to increase the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste. The presence form of oil and moisture adhering to the scrap will be described with reference to FIG. The metal cutting waste after crushing becomes a short chip shape or a short bar shape as shown in FIG. The crushed metal cutting scraps are stacked so as to overlap, and the oil and moisture adhering to the surface of the metal cutting scraps enter the gaps between the stacked metal cutting scraps. The oil and moisture that have entered the gap between the metal cutting scraps make it difficult for the extractant to enter the gap, and in particular, if moisture is present between the metal cutting scraps, the moisture will block the entrance of the extractant. The oil present in the back cannot be separated and removed using the extractant, or it becomes very difficult to separate and remove. Therefore, even after the oil separation step, the amount of oil attached to the metal cutting waste does not stably decrease.
なお、ロータリーハンマークラッシャー、短軸クラッシャー、２軸クラッシャーなどの破砕機を用い、金属切削屑を破砕した際の金属切削屑の長さ（以下、破砕長さという）と嵩比重の関係を図３に示す。これより、金属切削屑の破砕長さを小さくすることにより、金属切削屑の嵩比重は大きくなるといえる。なお、金属切削屑の破砕長さは、破砕後の金属切削屑を選別するために用いる篩の目開きで定義される。例えば、２０ｍｍの目開き長さをもつ篩でふるった際、篩下の金属切削屑を破砕長さ２０ｍｍの金属切削屑と称する。 The relationship between the length of metal cutting waste (hereinafter referred to as crushing length) and bulk specific gravity when crushing metal cutting waste using a crusher such as a rotary hammer crusher, short axis crusher, or 2 axis crusher is shown in FIG. Shown in From this, it can be said that the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste increases by reducing the crushing length of the metal cutting waste. In addition, the crushing length of a metal cutting waste is defined by the opening of the sieve used for selecting the metal cutting waste after crushing. For example, when sieving with a sieve having an opening length of 20 mm, the metal cutting waste under the sieve is referred to as metal cutting waste having a crushing length of 20 mm.
市中の鉄スクラップの嵩比重は通常１．０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上であることから、金属切削屑の長さを４０ｍｍ以下にすることで、金属切削屑の嵩比重を平均で１．０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上にすることができ、市中の鉄スクラップと同等の嵩比重となる。また、嵩比重を平均で１．０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上にすることで、後述する油分分離槽（図１０中の符号２５）の大きさを小さくできる。さらに、金属切削屑の長さを２０ｍｍ以下にすることで、嵩比重を平均で１．５ｇ／ｃｍ３とすることができ、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉への投入時に使用する前述のバケット内への金属切削屑の装入量（重量）を大きくすることができ、後述の油分分離槽（図１０中の符号２５）の大きさをさらに小さくできる。しかしながら、金属切削屑の長さが小さすぎると、金属切削屑が飛散しやすくなり、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に投入できなくなる。そこで、金属切削屑の長さは５ｍｍ以上が好ましい。 Since the bulk specific gravity of iron scrap in the city is usually 1.0 g / cm 3 or more, the average bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste is 1.0 g / cm by making the length of the metal cutting waste 40 mm or less. It can be 3 or more, and has a bulk specific gravity equivalent to iron scrap in the city. Moreover, the magnitude | size of the oil-separation tank (code | symbol 25 in FIG. 10) mentioned later can be made small by making bulk specific gravity into 1.0 g / cm < 3 > or more on average. Furthermore, by making the length of the metal cutting scraps 20 mm or less, the bulk specific gravity can be 1.5 g / cm 3 on average, and the above-mentioned is used when charging into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or a converter. The amount (weight) of metal cutting waste charged into the bucket can be increased, and the size of an oil separation tank (reference numeral 25 in FIG. 10) described later can be further reduced. However, if the length of the metal cutting waste is too small, the metal cutting waste is likely to be scattered and cannot be put into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or a converter. Therefore, the length of the metal cutting waste is preferably 5 mm or more.
しかしながら、金属切削屑の長さを短くすると、嵩比重を大きくできる一方で、図２で説明したように、抽出剤が金属切削屑の塊の内部（金属切削屑の間隙）に入り込みにくくなるため、油分付着量は低位安定化しにくくなる。これに対して、図２のように積み重なった金属切削屑の塊に、振動を与えることによって、金属切削屑の積み重なり方が変化し、間隙が変化することで、金属切削屑の間隙に存在している水分の位置が変化し、分離除去できなかった油分に、抽出剤が接触できるようになることに気付いた。 However, when the length of the metal cutting waste is shortened, the bulk specific gravity can be increased. On the other hand, as described in FIG. 2, the extractant is less likely to enter the inside of the metal cutting waste lump (the gap between the metal cutting wastes). In addition, the oil adhesion amount is difficult to stabilize at a low level. On the other hand, by applying vibration to the lump of metal chips that are stacked as shown in FIG. 2, the way in which the metal chips are stacked is changed, and the gap is changed so that the metal chips are present in the gap of the metal chips. I noticed that the extractant can come into contact with the oil that could not be separated and removed by changing the position of the moisture.
そこで、本実施形態では、油分分離装置に加振装置を設ける。そして、油分分離装置による油分分離工程において、積み重なった金属切削屑に対して抽出剤を供給して洗浄することにより金属切削屑から油分を分離しながら、加振装置により該金属切削屑の塊を振動させることを特徴とする。以下に、油分分離工程において、金属切削屑の塊に振動を与える方法について述べる。 Therefore, in the present embodiment, the oil separator is provided with a vibration device. Then, in the oil separation step by the oil separation device, the metal cutting waste is separated by the vibration device while separating the oil from the metal cutting waste by supplying an extractant to the stacked metal cutting waste and washing it. It is characterized by vibrating. Hereinafter, a method of giving vibration to the lump of metal cutting waste in the oil separation step will be described.
図４〜図８に示すように、破砕された金属切削屑１は、油分分離工程において、例えば、側壁及び底板に直径１〜５ｍｍの孔が多数あいた容器２に収容された上で、抽出剤供給装置から供給される抽出剤により洗浄される。金属切削屑１の表面に抽出剤を接触させることで、金属切削屑１の表面に付着した油分が抽出剤中に抽出され、金属切削屑１から油分が分離除去される。金属切削屑１から分離された油分を含む抽出剤は、容器２の孔から容器２外に排出される。 As shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the crushed metal cutting waste 1 is stored in a container 2 having a large number of holes having a diameter of 1 to 5 mm in a side wall and a bottom plate in an oil separation step, and then extracted as an extractant. It is washed with the extractant supplied from the supply device. By bringing the extractant into contact with the surface of the metal cutting waste 1, the oil component adhering to the surface of the metal cutting waste 1 is extracted into the extraction agent, and the oil component is separated and removed from the metal cutting waste 1. The extractant containing the oil separated from the metal cutting waste 1 is discharged out of the container 2 through the hole of the container 2.
図５は、油分分離工程において、抽出剤噴射装置により金属切削屑１に対して抽出剤７を間欠的に噴射することにより、金属切削屑１を振動させる方法の一例を示す模式図である。図５に示すスプレーノズル４は、抽出剤噴射装置の一例である。図５に示すように、油分分離工程では、前記容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑１に、スプレーノズル４から抽出剤７を噴射するが、この際、抽出剤７を連続的に噴射するのではなく、間欠的に噴射を停止し、抽出剤７を間欠的に金属切削屑１に吹き付ける。これにより、容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑１を抽出剤７の噴射圧力により振動させることができる。ここで、容器２内での金属切削屑１の積み高さが高すぎると、下部に振動が伝わりにくくなるため、抽出剤７の噴射強度などにも影響されるが、該積み高さは３００ｍｍ以下が好ましい。 FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of a method of vibrating the metal cutting waste 1 by intermittently injecting the extraction agent 7 onto the metal cutting waste 1 by the extractant injection device in the oil separation step. The spray nozzle 4 shown in FIG. 5 is an example of an extractant injection device. As shown in FIG. 5, in the oil separation step, the extractant 7 is sprayed from the spray nozzle 4 onto the crushed metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2. At this time, the extractant 7 is continuously sprayed. Instead, the injection is intermittently stopped and the extractant 7 is intermittently sprayed onto the metal cutting waste 1. Thereby, the crushed metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 can be vibrated by the jetting pressure of the extractant 7. Here, when the stacking height of the metal cutting scraps 1 in the container 2 is too high, vibration is difficult to be transmitted to the lower portion, which is influenced by the jetting strength of the extractant 7, but the stacking height is 300 mm. The following is preferred.
図６は、油分分離工程において、金属切削屑１の上方に設置された電磁石５（第１の電磁石）の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、金属切削屑１を上下動させることにより、金属切削屑１を振動させる方法の一例を示す模式図である。図６に示すように、前記容器２の上方に設置された電磁石５の磁化と非磁化を繰り返すことによって、前記容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑１を少なくとも上下方向に動かして、容器２内の金属切削屑１を振動させることができる。図６の右図に示すように、電磁石５を磁化した時（電磁石６）に、容器２内の金属切削屑１を全量、宙に吊り上げる必要はなく、振動を与える程度の動きでよいため、容器２の底面に金属切削屑１の一部が接していてもよい。そのため、金属切削屑１が１，０００ｋｇ重とした場合、電磁石６による吊り上げ能力は５０〜３００ｋｇ重程度で十分である。 FIG. 6 shows metal cutting waste by moving the metal cutting waste 1 up and down by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization of the electromagnet 5 (first electromagnet) installed above the metal cutting waste 1 in the oil separation step. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the method of vibrating 1. As shown in FIG. 6, by repeating the magnetization and non-magnetization of the electromagnet 5 installed above the container 2, the crushed metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 is moved at least in the vertical direction, so that the container 2 The metal cutting waste 1 inside can be vibrated. As shown in the right figure of FIG. 6, when the electromagnet 5 is magnetized (electromagnet 6), it is not necessary to suspend the entire amount of the metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 in the air, and it may be a motion that gives vibrations. A part of the metal cutting waste 1 may be in contact with the bottom surface of the container 2. Therefore, when the metal cutting waste 1 has a weight of 1,000 kg, a lifting capacity of about 50 to 300 kg is sufficient for the electromagnet 6.
図７は、油分分離工程において、金属切削屑１を容器２に収容するとともに、容器２に隣接して設置された電磁石５、６（第２の電磁石）の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、容器２を揺動させることにより、容器２内の金属切削屑１を振動させる方法の一例を示す模式図である。図７に示すように、金属切削屑１が収容する容器２を金属製の容器とし、該容器２の前後、もしくは、左右に一対の電磁石５、６を対向配置する。そして、該電磁石５、６の磁化と非磁化を交互に繰り返すことによって、容器２を前後、もしくは、左右に揺動させ、容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑１を振動させることができる。 FIG. 7 shows that in the oil separation process, the metal cutting waste 1 is accommodated in the container 2 and the magnets 5 and 6 (second electromagnets) installed adjacent to the container 2 are repeatedly magnetized and non-magnetized. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the method of vibrating the metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 by rocking | fluctuating 2. FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the container 2 that contains the metal cutting waste 1 is a metal container, and a pair of electromagnets 5 and 6 are disposed opposite to each other on the front and rear sides or on the left and right sides of the container 2. Then, by alternately repeating the magnetization and non-magnetization of the electromagnets 5 and 6, the container 2 can be swung back and forth or left and right, and the crushed metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 can be vibrated.
図８は、油分分離工程において、超音波発生装置９により金属切削屑１に超音波を連続的又は間欠的に当てることにより、金属切削屑１を振動させる方法の一例を示す模式図である。図８に示すように、前記容器２の上方に、抽出剤供給装置（例えば、スプレーノズル８）と超音波発生装置９を設置する。そして、油分分離工程において、容器２内の金属切削屑１に対して、スプレーノズル８（抽出剤供給装置）から抽出剤を噴射しながら、超音波発生装置９によって超音波を連続的もしくは間欠的に発生させ、容器２内の金属切削屑１に超音波を当てることにより、容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑を振動させることができる。ここで、容器２内での金属切削屑１の積み高さが高すぎると、下部に振動が伝わりにくくなるため、超音波の照射強度などにも影響されるが、該積み高さは３００ｍｍ以下が好ましい。 FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method of vibrating the metal cutting waste 1 by applying ultrasonic waves to the metal cutting waste 1 continuously or intermittently by the ultrasonic generator 9 in the oil separation step. As shown in FIG. 8, an extractant supply device (for example, a spray nozzle 8) and an ultrasonic generator 9 are installed above the container 2. In the oil separation step, ultrasonic waves are continuously or intermittently emitted by the ultrasonic generator 9 while ejecting the extractant from the spray nozzle 8 (extractant supply device) to the metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2. The crushed metal cutting waste in the container 2 can be vibrated by applying the ultrasonic wave to the metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2. Here, if the stacking height of the metal cutting scraps 1 in the container 2 is too high, vibrations are difficult to be transmitted to the lower part, and this is influenced by the irradiation intensity of the ultrasonic waves, but the stacking height is 300 mm or less. Is preferred.
図４は、油分分離工程において、金属切削屑１を容器２に収容し、該容器２を打撃具（例えば、ハンマー３）で間欠的に打撃することにより、容器２内の金属切削屑１を振動させる方法の一例を示す模式図である。図４に示すように、例えば、前記容器２の側壁の外側の表面に接するようにハンマー３を設置する。そして、ハンマー３により、容器２を適宜の時間間隔で打撃することで、容器２を振動させることにより、該容器２内の破砕された金属切削屑１を振動させることができる。なお、ハンマー３の駆動方式としては、例えば、電磁式があるが、かかる例に限定されない。 FIG. 4 shows that in the oil separation process, the metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 is stored in the container 2 by intermittently hitting the container 2 with a hitting tool (for example, a hammer 3). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the method of vibrating. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the hammer 3 is installed so as to contact the outer surface of the side wall of the container 2. Then, by hammering the container 2 at an appropriate time interval with the hammer 3, the container 2 is vibrated, whereby the crushed metal cutting waste 1 in the container 2 can be vibrated. In addition, as a drive system of the hammer 3, there exists an electromagnetic system, for example, However, It is not limited to this example.
次に、本実施形態で使用する抽出剤について説明する。金属切削時に使用される切削油はさまざまであり、該切削油の常圧での沸点は高く、例えば、約３００℃〜５００℃である。一方、金属切削屑に付着している水分の常圧出の沸点は１００℃である。また、破砕長さ４０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑は、前記容器内に収容された後、油分分離槽により油分が分離される。この際、油分分離槽の蓋が開閉され、前記金属切削屑が収容された容器が油分分離槽に出し入れされる。使用する抽出剤の沸点が低すぎると、例えば、ノルマルヘキサンのように沸点が６９℃の有機溶剤を抽出剤として使用すると、油分分離槽の蓋を開閉する際に抽出剤の揮発量が多く、ランニグコストは上昇し、かつ、作業環境上も好ましくない。また、使用する抽出剤の沸点が切削油の沸点より高いと、金属切削屑表面に沸点のより高い抽出剤が付着するため、好ましくない。そこで、本実施形態では、沸点が水分と切削油の間にある抽出剤を用い、具体的には、図９に示すように、常圧における沸点が１６０〜２５０℃である抽出剤を使用する。例えば、炭化水素系の抽出剤としては、炭素数１０から１４のアルカン物質、灯油、シクロデカン、デセンなどがあげられる。また、抽出剤の商品としては、ＮＳクリーン１００、ＮＳクリーン１１０、ＮＳクリーン２００（ＪＸ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社製）、ダフニークリーナーＳＤ３（出光興産株式会社製）などがあげられる。 Next, the extractant used in this embodiment will be described. The cutting oil used at the time of metal cutting is various, and the boiling point of the cutting oil at normal pressure is high, for example, about 300 ° C to 500 ° C. On the other hand, the boiling point of atmospheric pressure out of water adhering to the metal cutting waste is 100 ° C. Moreover, after the metal cutting waste crushed to 40 mm or less is accommodated in the said container, an oil component is isolate | separated by an oil-component separation tank. At this time, the lid of the oil separation tank is opened and closed, and the container containing the metal cutting waste is put into and out of the oil separation tank. If the boiling point of the extractant used is too low, for example, when an organic solvent having a boiling point of 69 ° C. such as normal hexane is used as the extractant, the amount of volatilization of the extractant is large when opening and closing the lid of the oil separation tank, The running cost increases and it is not preferable in the working environment. Moreover, when the boiling point of the extractant to be used is higher than the boiling point of the cutting oil, the extractant having a higher boiling point adheres to the surface of the metal cutting waste, which is not preferable. Therefore, in this embodiment, an extractant having a boiling point between moisture and cutting oil is used. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, an extractant having a boiling point of 160 to 250 ° C. at normal pressure is used. . For example, hydrocarbon-based extractants include alkane substances having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, kerosene, cyclodecane, decene, and the like. Examples of the extractant include NS Clean 100, NS Clean 110, NS Clean 200 (manufactured by JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation), Daphne Cleaner SD3 (manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.), and the like.
また、金属切削屑に対する抽出剤の適切な添加量は、金属切削屑の形状等により異なるため、実験をして決定することが好ましいが、おおよそ、金属切削屑１ｋｇに対して０．１〜０．７ｋｇの抽出剤を添加することが好ましい。また、金属切削屑と抽出剤との適切な接触時間は、金属切削屑に振動を加える方法や対象となる金属切削屑の形状等にもより異なるため、実験をして決定することが好ましいが、接触時間はおよそ１〜２０分が妥当である。 Moreover, since the suitable addition amount of the extractant with respect to the metal cutting waste varies depending on the shape of the metal cutting waste and the like, it is preferable to determine by experimentation, but approximately 0.1 to 0 with respect to 1 kg of the metal cutting waste. It is preferred to add 7 kg of extractant. In addition, the appropriate contact time between the metal cutting waste and the extractant differs depending on the method of applying vibration to the metal cutting waste and the shape of the target metal cutting waste. A reasonable contact time is about 1 to 20 minutes.
次に、図９を用い、油分分離槽内における破砕された金属切削屑から油分を分離除去する方法を説明する。容器に入れた金属切削屑は、常圧で約３０〜５０℃である（図９中のＡ点）油分分離槽内に投入される。前記の振動を金属切削屑に間欠的に与えながら、抽出剤を金属切削屑に噴射し、金属切削屑表面に付着している油分を、抽出剤へと抽出することで、金属切削屑から油分を分離除去する。油分を含有した抽出剤は、後述の循環槽２９に排出され、繰り返し金属切削屑に噴射される。油分分離除去終了後、油分分離槽につながる配管のバルブを閉め、油分分離槽内を減圧装置で減圧し、かつ、加温する（図９中のＢ点）ことで、容器および容器内の破砕された金属切削屑表面に付着して残っている抽出剤を揮発させ、金属切削屑の表面に残留する抽出剤を殆ど分離することができる。 Next, a method for separating and removing oil from crushed metal cutting waste in the oil separation tank will be described with reference to FIG. The metal cutting waste put in the container is put into an oil separation tank at about 30-50 ° C. at normal pressure (point A in FIG. 9). While the vibration is intermittently applied to the metal cutting waste, the extractant is sprayed onto the metal cutting waste, and the oil component adhering to the surface of the metal cutting waste is extracted into the extractant. Is removed. The oil-containing extractant is discharged into a circulation tank 29 described later, and repeatedly injected onto the metal cutting waste. After completion of oil separation and removal, the valve of the pipe connected to the oil separation tank is closed, the inside of the oil separation tank is depressurized with a decompression device, and heated (point B in FIG. 9), thereby crushing the container and the inside of the container The extractant that remains attached to the surface of the metal cutting waste is volatilized, and the extractant remaining on the surface of the metal cutting waste can be almost separated.
その後、油分分離槽内の圧力および温度を、常圧で約３０〜５０℃（図９中のＡ点）に戻した後、油分分離槽の蓋をあけ、油分分離槽内部にある油分及び抽出剤が除去された金属切削屑を取り出す。常圧で３０〜５０℃では、本実施形態で使用される抽出剤の蒸気圧は小さいため、油分分離槽から金属切削屑を取り出す際に、該金属切削屑表面に抽出剤が僅かに残留していても、ほとんど大気中には揮発しなくなる。 Then, after returning the pressure and temperature in the oil separation tank to about 30 to 50 ° C. (point A in FIG. 9) at normal pressure, the cover of the oil separation tank is opened, and the oil and extraction in the oil separation tank are extracted. The metal cutting waste from which the agent has been removed is taken out. Since the vapor pressure of the extractant used in the present embodiment is small at an ordinary pressure of 30 to 50 ° C., when the metal cutting waste is taken out from the oil separation tank, the extractant remains slightly on the surface of the metal cutting waste. However, it will hardly volatilize in the atmosphere.
次に、図１０を参照して、電磁石の磁化・非磁化の繰り返しにより、破砕された金属切削屑に振動を与えながら、抽出剤を噴射することで、破砕された金属切削屑に付着した油分を分離除去する方法について、説明する。 Next, referring to FIG. 10, the oil component adhered to the crushed metal cutting waste by injecting the extractant while vibrating the crushed metal cutting waste by repeating the magnetization / non-magnetization of the electromagnet. A method for separating and removing the above will be described.
図１０に示すように、油分分離装置２０は、主に、油分分離槽２５と、循環槽２９と、分離槽２６と、蒸留装置５０とを備える。油分分離槽２５は、破砕された金属切削屑５５に抽出剤５６を噴射し、付着した油分を分離除去する。この油分分離槽２５には、容器２３の上方に、加振装置として電磁石２１（第１の電磁石）が設置されている。循環槽２９は、油分分離槽２５による油分除去後の抽出剤を回収して循環させる。分離槽２６は、循環槽２９からのオーバー液を静置して水分を分離する。蒸留装置５０は、分離槽２６から、水分を分離した後の油分を含んだ抽出剤が供給され、該抽出剤から油分を分離除去して、抽出剤を再生する。油分分離装置２０（図１０参照）では、油分分離槽２５に、破砕した金属切削屑５５を入れた容器２３を出し入れするため、バッチ処理が妥当である。また、油分分離装置２０による油分分離工程での処理時間（抽出剤による油分分離時間）は、例えば、１〜２０分が妥当である。 As shown in FIG. 10, the oil separation device 20 mainly includes an oil separation tank 25, a circulation tank 29, a separation tank 26, and a distillation apparatus 50. The oil component separation tank 25 sprays the extractant 56 onto the crushed metal cutting waste 55 to separate and remove the adhered oil component. In the oil separation tank 25, an electromagnet 21 (first electromagnet) is installed as a vibration device above the container 23. The circulation tank 29 collects and circulates the extractant after the oil removal by the oil separation tank 25. In the separation tank 26, the over liquid from the circulation tank 29 is allowed to stand to separate water. The distillation apparatus 50 is supplied with an extractant containing oil after separating water from the separation tank 26, and separates and removes the oil from the extractant to regenerate the extractant. In the oil separator 20 (see FIG. 10), since the container 23 containing the crushed metal cutting waste 55 is put into and out of the oil separator tank 25, batch processing is appropriate. Moreover, 1-20 minutes is appropriate for the processing time (oil content separation time by an extractant) in the oil content separation process by the oil content separation apparatus 20, for example.
次に、上記油分分離装置２０を用いて金属切削屑から油分分離する方法について、より詳細に説明する。 Next, a method for separating oil from metal cutting waste using the oil separation device 20 will be described in more detail.
破砕された金属切削屑５５は、孔のあいた容器２３に収容される。容器２３の上部は、金属切削屑５５を出し入れするためオープンであるが、容器２３の側面および底面は、多数の孔が開けられている。孔の径は１〜５ｍｍ程度が好ましく、容器２３の側面及び底面における孔の開孔率は１０％以上が好ましい。孔の径が１ｍｍ以下であると、孔は微細な金属切削屑や土砂により閉塞しやすくなり、孔の径が５ｍｍを超えると、該微細な金属切削屑の一部が孔を通り抜けやすくなる。また、上記開孔率が１０％以下であれば、容器２３の上部より噴射される抽出剤５６が容器２３から排出されるのに時間がかかる。また、容器２３は、金属切削屑５５を保持しつつ、抽出剤を排出可能な構造であれば、上記側面等に孔を設ける構造に限定されず、例えば、網目状の容器であっても構わない。その場合、各網目の対角線の長さが、１〜５ｍｍ程度が好ましい。 The crushed metal cutting waste 55 is accommodated in a container 23 having a hole. The upper portion of the container 23 is open for taking in and out the metal cutting waste 55, but the side surface and the bottom surface of the container 23 have a large number of holes. The diameter of the hole is preferably about 1 to 5 mm, and the hole opening ratio on the side surface and the bottom surface of the container 23 is preferably 10% or more. When the diameter of the hole is 1 mm or less, the hole is likely to be blocked by fine metal cutting waste or earth and sand, and when the diameter of the hole exceeds 5 mm, a part of the fine metal cutting waste is likely to pass through the hole. Moreover, if the above-mentioned hole area ratio is 10% or less, it takes time for the extractant 56 injected from the upper part of the container 23 to be discharged from the container 23. Further, the container 23 is not limited to a structure in which holes are formed in the side surfaces and the like as long as the extractant can be discharged while holding the metal cutting waste 55, and may be, for example, a mesh-like container. Absent. In that case, the length of the diagonal of each mesh is preferably about 1 to 5 mm.
油分分離工程では、破砕された金属切削屑５５を入れた容器２３を油分分離槽２５に入れ、蓋２４を閉めた後、抽出剤供給装置の一例であるスプレーノズル２２から抽出剤を、容器２３内の金属切削屑５５に向けて噴射する。この際、例えば、ポンプ５４を稼働させ、後述する抽出剤の再生液５１を油分分離槽２５内にスプレーノズル２２で連続的に噴射してもよい。 In the oil separation step, the container 23 containing the crushed metal cuttings 55 is placed in the oil separation tank 25, the lid 24 is closed, and then the extractant is supplied from the spray nozzle 22 which is an example of the extractant supply device to the container 23. It sprays toward the metal cutting waste 55 inside. At this time, for example, the pump 54 may be operated, and an extractant regenerating liquid 51 described later may be continuously injected into the oil separation tank 25 by the spray nozzle 22.
容器２３の上部には、加振装置である電磁石２１が設置されており、間欠的に、電磁石２１の磁化と非磁化を繰り返し、容器２３内の金属切削屑５５に間欠的に磁力を印加する。例えば、図６に示したように、電磁石５により金属切削屑５５の一部を吊り上げたり、落としたりすることで、金属切削屑５５に振動を与える。金属切削屑５５に振動を与えることで、金属切削屑５５の表面に付着している油分に抽出剤５６が接触できるようになり、金属切削屑５５の油分付着量を安定的に低下させることができる。容器２３内の金属切削屑５５を吊り上げる場合、その全量を吊り上げる必要はない。金属切削屑５５の一部のみを吊り上げ、それを落下させることで、金属切削屑５５全体に振動を与えることができ、金属切削屑５５表面に付着している油分に抽出剤５６が接触できるようになるためである。つまり、金属切削屑５５の一部を吊り上げた際、吊り上げられなかった金属切削屑は、容器２に接している状態となり、図６の右図に示すような金属切削屑１の形状になる。 An electromagnet 21 that is a vibration device is installed on the top of the container 23, and the magnetism of the electromagnet 21 is intermittently repeated and non-magnetized, and a magnetic force is intermittently applied to the metal cuttings 55 in the container 23. . For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the metal cutting waste 55 is vibrated by lifting or dropping a part of the metal cutting waste 55 by the electromagnet 5. By applying vibration to the metal cutting waste 55, the extractant 56 can come into contact with the oil attached to the surface of the metal cutting waste 55, and the amount of oil attached to the metal cutting waste 55 can be stably reduced. it can. When lifting the metal cutting waste 55 in the container 23, it is not necessary to lift the entire amount. By lifting only a part of the metal cutting waste 55 and dropping it, vibration can be given to the entire metal cutting waste 55 so that the extractant 56 can come into contact with the oil adhering to the surface of the metal cutting waste 55. Because it becomes. That is, when a part of the metal cutting waste 55 is lifted, the metal cutting waste that has not been lifted is in contact with the container 2 and has the shape of the metal cutting waste 1 as shown in the right view of FIG.
上記油分分離工程の結果、油分と水分を含んだ抽出剤５６は、油分分離槽２５から循環槽２９へ供給される。循環槽２９における抽出剤５６の滞留時間は、約５〜２０秒と短い。また、該抽出剤５６には、容器２３の側面または底面の孔から抜け出した金属切削屑５５の微粉または土砂が含まれているが、該微粉または土砂を含む抽出剤５６は、ポンプ３２により、循環槽２９から油分分離槽２５内の容器２３内に送液され、金属切削屑５５の微粉は容器２３内にある破砕された金属切削粉５５で捕捉される。なお、油分分離槽２５から循環槽２９への抽出剤５６の送液量や、循環槽２９から油分分離槽２５への抽出剤５６の送液量は、バルブ２８、３０により制御される。 As a result of the oil separation step, the extractant 56 containing oil and water is supplied from the oil separation tank 25 to the circulation tank 29. The residence time of the extractant 56 in the circulation tank 29 is as short as about 5 to 20 seconds. Further, the extractant 56 contains fine powder or earth and sand of metal cutting waste 55 that has come out from the hole on the side surface or bottom surface of the container 23, and the extractant 56 containing the fine powder or earth and sand is Liquid is fed from the circulation tank 29 into the container 23 in the oil separation tank 25, and the fine powder of the metal cutting waste 55 is captured by the crushed metal cutting powder 55 in the container 23. The amount of the extractant 56 sent from the oil separation tank 25 to the circulation tank 29 and the amount of the extractant 56 sent from the circulation tank 29 to the oil separation tank 25 are controlled by valves 28 and 30.
循環槽２９からオーバーフローした抽出剤５６は、越流堰２７を越えて、滞留時間１〜５分である分離槽２６に移る。この分離槽２６は、水分が混入している抽出剤５６を、比重差を利用して水分と抽出剤とに分離する。分離された水分３８は、バルブ３７によって、分離槽２６下部の排水管より間欠的に排出される。分離槽２６の上澄み液である油分を含んだ抽出剤５６は、ポンプ５７によって、蒸留装置５０に送られる。 The extractant 56 overflowed from the circulation tank 29 passes over the overflow weir 27 and moves to the separation tank 26 having a residence time of 1 to 5 minutes. The separation tank 26 separates the extractant 56 mixed with moisture into moisture and extractant using a specific gravity difference. The separated water 38 is intermittently discharged from the drain pipe below the separation tank 26 by the valve 37. The extractant 56 containing the oil that is the supernatant of the separation tank 26 is sent to the distillation apparatus 50 by a pump 57.
蒸留装置５０に送られた油分を含む抽出剤５６は、スチーム４３などの加温装置で加温され、抽出剤５６のみが蒸留される。この際、必要に応じて、減圧ポンプ４８で蒸留装置５０の内圧を下げ、抽出剤５６の沸点を下げながら、蒸留することもできる。また、蒸留装置５０の上部には、気化した抽出剤５６を冷却するために、冷却水４７、４５が流通する冷却部４６が設けられている。上記蒸留工程により抽出剤５６から分離された油分および水４１は、蒸留装置５０の下部から、ポンプ３９およびバルブ４０により排出される。また、蒸留された抽出剤５６は、抽出剤再生液５１として貯留タンク５２に貯留され、ポンプ５４およびバルブ５３によって、再度、油分分離槽２５に投入され、上記金属切削屑からの油分の分離除去に使用される。 The extractant 56 containing the oil sent to the distillation device 50 is heated by a heating device such as the steam 43, and only the extractant 56 is distilled. At this time, if necessary, distillation can be performed while lowering the internal pressure of the distillation apparatus 50 with the vacuum pump 48 and lowering the boiling point of the extractant 56. In addition, a cooling unit 46 through which cooling water 47 and 45 circulate is provided at the upper part of the distillation apparatus 50 in order to cool the vaporized extractant 56. The oil and water 41 separated from the extractant 56 by the distillation step are discharged from the lower part of the distillation apparatus 50 by the pump 39 and the valve 40. Further, the distilled extractant 56 is stored in the storage tank 52 as the extractant regenerating liquid 51, and is again put into the oil separation tank 25 by the pump 54 and the valve 53 to separate and remove the oil from the metal cutting waste. Used for.
次に、本発明の実施例とその比較例について説明する。なお、以下の実施例は、本発明の実施可能性及び効果を確認するために採用した条件例にすぎず、本発明が以下の実施例の条件に限定されるものではない。 Next, examples of the present invention and comparative examples thereof will be described. In addition, the following Examples are only the example conditions adopted in order to confirm the feasibility and effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the conditions of the following Examples.
以下に示す実施例および比較例では、運搬するために、予め３００ｍｍアンダーにカットされた金属切削屑を用い種々のテストを行った。 In the following examples and comparative examples, various tests were performed using metal cutting scraps that had been cut in advance by 300 mm for transportation.
（実施例１〜８）
２軸クラッシャーで２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例１〜５）、もしくは、４０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例６）、もしくは、８０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例７）、もしくは、予め３００ｍｍアンダーにカットされている金属切削屑（実施例８）、それぞれ２００ｇを、側面および底面に開孔率２０％で直径３ｍｍφの孔が形成された容器０．５リットルに入れ、抽出剤（ＮＳクリーン２００、沸点１８９〜２１１℃、（ＪＸ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社製））で、金属切削屑中の油分を分離除去した。抽出剤の噴射量は０．５リットル／分で、噴射を１０分間継続した。抽出剤の噴射中である１０分の間に金属切削屑に対して振動を与えた。振動の与え方については、次のとおりである。
(Examples 1-8)
Metal cutting waste (Examples 1 to 5) crushed to 20 mm or less with a biaxial crusher, Metal cutting waste (Example 6) crushed to 40 mm or less, or Metal cutting crushed to 80 mm or less (Example 6) Example 7), or a metal cutting waste (Example 8) that has been cut under 300 mm in advance, 200 g each, and a container in which a hole with a hole area of 20% and a diameter of 3 mmφ is formed on the side surface and the bottom surface 0.5 Into the liter, the oil in the metal cutting waste was separated and removed with an extractant (NS Clean 200, boiling point 189 to 211 ° C. (manufactured by JX Nippon Mining & Energy Corporation)). The extractant was sprayed at a rate of 0.5 liter / minute, and spraying was continued for 10 minutes. Vibration was applied to the metal cutting waste during 10 minutes during the jetting of the extractant. The method of giving vibration is as follows.
実施例１：２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑を使用し、図５に示すように、抽出剤７の噴射および噴射停止のサイクルを１０秒ごとに繰り返し、金属切削屑１に対して抽出剤を間欠的に吹き付けることにより、金属切削屑１を振動させた。 Example 1: Using metal cutting waste crushed to 20 mm or less, as shown in FIG. 5, the extraction agent 7 injection and injection stop cycles were repeated every 10 seconds to extract the metal cutting waste 1 from the metal extraction waste 1. Was intermittently sprayed to vibrate the metal cutting waste 1.
実施例２：２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑を使用し、図６に示すように、抽出剤の投入を連続的に行いながら、電磁石５の磁化と非磁化を１分毎に繰り返すことにより、金属切削屑１を振動させた。 Example 2: Using metal scraps crushed to 20 mm or less, and repeating the magnetization and non-magnetization of the electromagnet 5 every minute while continuously supplying the extractant as shown in FIG. The metal cutting waste 1 was vibrated.
実施例３：２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑を使用し、図７に示すように、破砕された金属切削屑１を入れた容器２の前方および後方に、電磁石５、６を設置し、交互に磁化と非磁化を１分毎に繰り返すことにより、容器２を前後に急激に搖動させ、容器２内部の金属切削屑１に振動を加えた。 Example 3: Using metal cuttings crushed to 20 mm or less, as shown in FIG. 7, electromagnets 5 and 6 are installed in front and rear of a container 2 containing crushed metal cuttings 1, By alternately repeating magnetization and non-magnetization every minute, the container 2 was rapidly swung back and forth, and vibration was applied to the metal cutting waste 1 inside the container 2.
実施例４：２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑を使用し、図８に示すように、破砕された金属切削屑１を入れた容器２の上部に設置した超音波発生装置９より、５０秒毎に１０秒間間欠的に、超音波を金属切削屑１に照射することにより、金属切削屑１を振動させた。 Example 4: Using metal cutting waste crushed to 20 mm or less, as shown in FIG. 8, 50 seconds from the ultrasonic generator 9 installed on the top of the container 2 containing the crushed metal cutting waste 1 The metal cutting waste 1 was vibrated by irradiating the metal cutting waste 1 with ultrasonic waves intermittently every 10 seconds.
実施例５〜８：２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例５）、もしくは、４０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例６）、もしくは、８０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（実施例７）、もしくは、予め３００ｍｍアンダーにカットされている金属切削屑（実施例８）を使用し、図４に示すように、金属切削屑１を入れた容器２に対して、ハンマー３により１分間毎に打撃を加え、金属切削屑１に振動を与えた。実施例１〜８では、上記のように金属切削屑に対して振動を与えながら、１０分の油分分離除去を行った後、サンプルを全量取り出し、常圧、２２０℃で抽出剤を揮発させた。 Examples 5 to 8: Metal cuttings crushed to 20 mm or less (Example 5), Metal cuttings crushed to 40 mm or less (Example 6), or Metal cuttings crushed to 80 mm or less (Example 5) Example 7) Or, using metal cutting waste (Example 8) that has been cut under 300 mm in advance, as shown in FIG. Blow was applied every minute, and the metal cutting waste 1 was vibrated. In Examples 1 to 8, the oil was separated and removed for 10 minutes while vibrating the metal cutting waste as described above, and then the entire sample was taken out and the extractant was volatilized at 220 ° C. at normal pressure. .
その後、金属切削屑の表面に残留した油分量を求めるため、金属切削屑をノルマルヘキサン中に浸漬させ、金属切削屑に付着している油分をノルマルヘキサンで抽出した後、ノルマルヘキサンを８０℃で揮発させ、残った量を付着油分量とした。また、油分濃度の低位安定化を評価するため、１０サンプルの金属切削屑を用いて試験を実施した。実施例１〜８の結果を、表１に示す。 Thereafter, in order to obtain the amount of oil remaining on the surface of the metal cutting waste, the metal cutting waste is immersed in normal hexane, and the oil adhering to the metal cutting waste is extracted with normal hexane. Volatilized, and the remaining amount was used as the amount of attached oil. Moreover, in order to evaluate low stabilization of oil concentration, the test was implemented using 10 samples of metal cutting waste. The results of Examples 1-8 are shown in Table 1.
実施例１〜８では、金属切削屑の初期油分付着量（平均：１．４質量％）に対して、平均値で、付着油分の約６３〜９４％を分離できている。また、油分付着量の最大値は小さくなり、該最大値が０．１２〜０．７質量％に抑制されている。また、金属切削屑を破砕することにより、嵩比重は増加している。具体的には、破砕前の３００ｍｍアンダーの金属切削屑の初期嵩比重が０．２〜０．４ｇ／ｃｍ３に対して、２０ｍｍアンダーに破砕することにより、破砕後の金属切削屑の嵩比重は０．９〜２．０ｇ／ｃｍ３に改善されている。 In Examples 1 to 8, about 63 to 94% of the adhered oil can be separated as an average value with respect to the initial amount of deposited oil (average: 1.4% by mass) of the metal cutting waste. Moreover, the maximum value of the oil adhesion amount is reduced, and the maximum value is suppressed to 0.12 to 0.7% by mass. Moreover, the bulk specific gravity is increasing by crushing metal cutting waste. Specifically, the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste after crushing by crushing to 20 mm under the initial bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste under 300 mm before crushing is 0.2 to 0.4 g / cm 3 . Is improved to 0.9 to 2.0 g / cm 3 .
以上のように、実施例１〜８では、金属切削屑に付着している油分が効果的に分離除去されているので、該油分分離除去後の金属切削屑を、金属原料として前記の電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に投入しても、比較例ほどは大きな炎を発生しないと考えられ、操業上、多量に投入できると判断される。また、金属切削屑を破砕することで嵩比重は大きくなり、電気炉、転炉などの高温の炉に投入する際に使用するバケット内への金属切削屑の装入量（重量）を増加できることも確認された。 As mentioned above, in Examples 1-8, since the oil component adhering to the metal cutting waste is effectively separated and removed, the above-mentioned electric furnace using the metal cutting waste after the oil separation and removal as a metal raw material. Even if it is put into a high-temperature furnace such as a converter, it is considered that a flame as large as that of the comparative example is not generated, and it is judged that a large amount can be thrown in operation. In addition, by crushing the metal cutting waste, the bulk specific gravity increases, and the amount (weight) of metal cutting waste charged into the bucket used when putting it into a high-temperature furnace such as an electric furnace or converter can be increased. Was also confirmed.
また、実施例１〜６と実施例７及び８との比較結果から分かるように、金属切削屑の長さが４０ｍｍ以下となるまで金属切削屑を破砕することで、金属切削屑の嵩比重を１．０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上にすることができ、市中の鉄スクラップと同等の嵩比重を達成できることが確認された。 Moreover, as can be seen from the comparison results between Examples 1 to 6 and Examples 7 and 8, the bulk specific gravity of the metal cutting waste is reduced by crushing the metal cutting waste until the length of the metal cutting waste is 40 mm or less. It could be 1.0 g / cm 3 or more, and it was confirmed that the bulk specific gravity equivalent to iron scrap in the city could be achieved.
（比較例１〜３）
２０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（比較例１）、もしくは、８０ｍｍ以下に破砕された金属切削屑（比較例２）、予め３００ｍｍアンダーにカットされている金属切削屑（比較例３）それぞれ２００ｇを使用し、側面および底面に開孔率２０％で直径３ｍｍφの孔が形成された容器０．５リットルに入れ、抽出剤（ＮＳクリーン２００、沸点１８９〜２１１℃）で、金属切削屑中の油分を分離除去した。抽出剤の噴射量は０．５リットル／分で、噴射を１０分間継続した。比較例１〜３では、油分分離工程において、金属切削屑に振動を加えていない。すなわち、振動を加えていない以外は、上記実施例と同条件で、比較例の試験を実施した。１０分の油分分離を行った後、実施例と同様にして、金属切削屑に付着している油分量を測定した。また、油分濃度の低位安定化を評価するため、１０サンプルの金属切削屑を用いて試験を実施した。比較例１〜３の結果を、表１に示す。
(Comparative Examples 1-3)
200 g each of metal cutting scraps crushed to 20 mm or less (Comparative Example 1), metal cutting scraps crushed to 80 mm or less (Comparative Example 2), and metal cutting scraps previously cut by 300 mm (Comparative Example 3) In a 0.5 liter container having a hole opening rate of 20% and a hole with a diameter of 3 mmφ on the side and bottom, and an extractant (NS Clean 200, boiling point 189 to 211 ° C.) The oil was separated and removed. The extractant was sprayed at a rate of 0.5 liter / minute, and spraying was continued for 10 minutes. In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, no vibration was applied to the metal cutting waste in the oil separation step. That is, the test of the comparative example was performed under the same conditions as in the above example except that no vibration was applied. After oil separation for 10 minutes, the amount of oil adhering to the metal cutting waste was measured in the same manner as in the example. Moreover, in order to evaluate low stabilization of oil concentration, the test was implemented using 10 samples of metal cutting waste. The results of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.
比較例１〜３では、金属切削屑の初期油分付着量（平均：１．４質量％）に対して、平均値で、付着油分の約３８〜７０％を分離できている。しかしながら、油分分離工程後の油分付着量のばらつきは大きく、該油分付着量の最大値が１．１〜１．３質量％あることから、金属切削屑を、金属原料として前記の高温の炉に投入すると、大きな炎が発生すると考えられ、操業上、多量に投入できないと判断される。 In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, about 38 to 70% of the adhering oil can be separated by an average value with respect to the initial oil adhering amount (average: 1.4% by mass) of the metal cutting waste. However, the dispersion of the oil adhesion amount after the oil separation step is large, and the maximum value of the oil adhesion amount is 1.1 to 1.3% by mass. If thrown, it is considered that a large flame is generated, and it is judged that a large amount cannot be thrown in operation.
以上、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明したが、本発明はかかる例に限定されない。本発明の属する技術の分野における通常の知識を有する者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、これらについても、当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.
１：破砕された金属切削屑
２、２３：容器
３：ハンマー
４、８、２２：スプレーノズル
５：電磁石（非磁化）
６：電磁石（磁化）
７、５６：抽出剤
９：超音波発生装置
２０：油分分離装置
２１：電磁石
２４：蓋
２５：油分分離槽
２６：分離槽
２７：越流堰
２８、３０、３１、３４、３６、３７、４０、４９、５３：バルブ
２９：循環槽
３２、３９、５４、５７：ポンプ
３３、４８：減圧ポンプ
３５：抽出剤トラップ槽
３８：水分
４１：油と水
４２：ドレン
４３：スチーム
４４：連通管
４５、４７：冷却水
４６：冷却部
５０：蒸留装置
５１：抽出剤再生液
５２：貯留タンク
５５：破砕された金属切削屑
1: Crushed metal cutting waste 2, 23: Container 3: Hammer 4, 8, 22: Spray nozzle 5: Electromagnet (non-magnetized)
6: Electromagnet (magnetization)
7, 56: Extractant 9: Ultrasonic generator 20: Oil separator 21: Electromagnet 24: Lid 25: Oil separator 26: Separator 27: Overflow weir 28, 30, 31, 34, 36, 37, 40 49, 53: Valve 29: Circulation tank 32, 39, 54, 57: Pump 33, 48: Depressurization pump 35: Extractant trap tank 38: Moisture 41: Oil and water 42: Drain 43: Steam 44: Communication pipe 45 47: Cooling water 46: Cooling unit 50: Distilling device 51: Extractant regenerating liquid 52: Storage tank 55: Crushed metal cutting waste
Claims (6)
前記金属切削屑を破砕する工程と、
前記破砕された金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、該金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する工程と、
を含み、
前記油分を分離する工程において、前記金属切削屑を振動させることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離方法。 In the oil separation method for separating the oil from metal cutting scraps to which oil and moisture are attached,
Crushing the metal cutting waste;
Separating the oil from the metal cutting waste by adding an extractant to the crushed metal cutting waste;
Including
In the step of separating the oil, the metal cutting waste is vibrated, and the metal cutting waste oil separation method is provided.
前記金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、前記金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する工程において、前記金属切削屑を振動させることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離方法。 In the oil separation method for separating the oil from the crushed metal scraps, to which the oil and moisture are attached,
An oil component separation method for metal cutting waste, wherein the metal cutting waste is vibrated in a step of separating the oil content from the metal cutting waste by adding an extractant to the metal cutting waste.
（１）前記金属切削屑に対して前記抽出剤を間欠的に噴射することにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（２）前記金属切削屑の上方に設置された電磁石の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、前記金属切削屑を上下動させることにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（３）前記金属切削屑を容器に収容するとともに、前記容器に隣接して設置された電磁石の磁化と非磁化を繰り返して、前記容器を揺動させることにより、前記容器内の前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（４）前記金属切削屑に超音波を連続的又は間欠的に当てることにより、前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
（５）前記金属切削屑を容器に収容し、前記容器を打撃具で打撃することにより、前記容器内の前記金属切削屑を振動させる方法、
のうち、少なくともいずれか１つの方法、若しくは複数の方法の組合せであることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の金属切削屑の油分分離方法。 The method of vibrating the metal cutting waste,
(1) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by intermittently injecting the extractant to the metal cutting waste,
(2) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by moving the metal cutting waste up and down by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization of an electromagnet installed above the metal cutting waste,
(3) While storing the metal cutting waste in a container, repeating the magnetization and non-magnetization of an electromagnet installed adjacent to the container, and swinging the container, the metal cutting waste in the container How to vibrate,
(4) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste by applying ultrasonic waves to the metal cutting waste continuously or intermittently,
(5) A method of vibrating the metal cutting waste in the container by storing the metal cutting waste in a container and striking the container with a striking tool,
The method for separating oil content of metal cutting waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is a combination of at least one of a plurality of methods.
前記金属切削屑に抽出剤を加えることにより、該金属切削屑から前記油分を分離する油分分離槽と、
前記油分分離槽に設けられ、前記金属切削屑から前記油分を分離するときに、前記油分分離槽内に配置された前記金属切削屑を振動させる加振装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする、金属切削屑の油分分離装置。 In an oil separation device that separates the oil from metal cutting waste to which oil and moisture are attached,
An oil separation tank for separating the oil from the metal cutting waste by adding an extractant to the metal cutting waste;
A vibration device that is provided in the oil separation tank and vibrates the metal cutting waste disposed in the oil separation tank when separating the oil from the metal cutting waste;
An oil separator for metal cutting waste, comprising:
（１）前記金属切削屑に対して前記抽出剤を間欠的に噴射する抽出剤噴射装置、
（２）前記金属切削屑の上方に設置され、磁化と非磁化を繰り返すことにより前記金属切削屑を上下動させる第１の電磁石、
（３）前記金属切削屑を収容する容器に隣接して設置され、磁化と非磁化を繰り返すことにより、前記容器を揺動させる第２の電磁石、
（４）前記金属切削屑に超音波を連続的又は間欠的に当てる超音波発生装置、
（５）前記金属切削屑を収容する前記容器を打撃する打撃具、
のうち、少なくともいずれか１つ、若しくは複数の組合せであることを特徴とする、請求項５に記載の金属切削屑の油分分離装置。
The vibration exciter is
(1) An extractant injection device that intermittently injects the extractant to the metal cutting waste,
(2) a first electromagnet that is installed above the metal cutting waste and moves the metal cutting waste up and down by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization;
(3) a second electromagnet which is installed adjacent to the container for storing the metal cutting waste and swings the container by repeating magnetization and non-magnetization;
(4) An ultrasonic generator for continuously or intermittently applying ultrasonic waves to the metal cutting waste,
(5) A striking tool for striking the container containing the metal cutting waste,
6. The oil separation device for metal cutting waste according to claim 5, wherein the oil content separation device is at least one of them or a combination of a plurality of them.
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| US11590570B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2023-02-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Raw material for metal porous body and metal porous body |
| JP7344428B1 (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2023-09-14 | 生態環境部南京環境科学研究所 | Processing equipment and method for oil-impregnated metal chips |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11590570B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2023-02-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Raw material for metal porous body and metal porous body |
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