JP4691475B2 - PCB contamination treatment method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to P CB contamination process how to remove the PCB from demolition material the equipment is dismantled the PCB is used.

  Polychlorinated biphenyl (hereinafter referred to as “PCB”) is excellent in stability, incombustibility, and electrical insulation, and thus has been used in the past as an insulating oil for constituting capacitors and transformers. At present, this PCB is prohibited from being produced or used for new reasons due to its indegradability and toxicity. Capacitors and the like using insulating oil containing PCB are required to be collected and stored and processed promptly.

This capacitor is usually composed of a main body part, insulating oil, a housing for accommodating these, and the like, and the main body part is composed of accessories such as a capacitor element, an insulator, and an electric wire. Among these, the capacitor element has a laminated structure in which a strip-shaped metal foil (electrode) and a strip-shaped insulating paper are overlapped, and these are wound into several layers.
In addition, as the transformer, a lead cable or the like is used which is called a paper insulated wire or the like in which insulating paper is wound around a conductor in a spiral manner and is pressed and wound by cloth tape.
And in a capacitor | condenser and a transformer, these capacitor | condenser elements, a paper insulated wire, etc. are used in the state immersed in the insulating oil containing PCB, and it became the state which this insulating oil osmose | permeated to the detail of each member. Yes.

Therefore, in the treatment of capacitors, transformers, etc., where insulating oil containing PCB (hereinafter also referred to as “PCB-containing insulating oil”) is used, gaps in internal elements, etc., or cloth, A large amount of PCB-containing insulating oil is permeated into the component itself such as insulating paper. Therefore, after removing the PCB-containing insulating oil in the housing simply by disassembling, removing the insulating oil that has penetrated to this detail even if the disassembled material is washed to remove the insulating oil containing PCB. Is difficult.
For this reason, in the conventional PCB contaminant treatment, the condenser and the transformer are disassembled after deoiling, and a pretreatment for further crushing the dismantled product to a size of about several tens of millimeters is performed. The object is subjected to a cleaning process or a vacuum heating process, which is a main process after the pre-process, and the PCB is removed to a level where there is no substantial problem.
Therefore, in the PCB contamination treatment, for example, an oil removal device that opens a hole in the housing and removes the PCB-containing insulating oil from the inside of the housing, a crusher that further crushes the oiled and disassembled condenser and transformer members, and this crushing A PCB contamination processing apparatus having a cleaning device that cleans the crushed material with an organic solvent and a vacuum heating device that heats the crushed material after cleaning to remove PCB by vacuum heating is used.

  However, in the crushing process in this pretreatment, the workability is poor because the PCB-containing insulating oil that has penetrated into the internal elements such as the capacitor element scatters to the surroundings, and in the subsequent cleaning process or vacuum heating process, Since many PCB-containing insulating oils adhere to the crushed material after crushing, a long processing time is required.

As described above, capacitors, transformers, and the like use materials such as paper and cloth in addition to metal materials and plastics. Since this paper and fabric are permeated with PCB-containing insulating oil, the PCB-containing insulating oil is not easily removed by washing or vacuum heating, and compared to metal materials, etc., cleaning treatment and vacuum heating treatment Takes a long time.
Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1 below, in the past, capacitors and transformers were once separated into materials such as metal materials, plastics, paper, cloth, etc., and disassembled. Is crushed with a crusher, and a pretreatment for collecting crushed materials having similar PCB removal efficiencies at the time of cleaning treatment or vacuum heat treatment may be performed.

  However, even in such a PCB contaminant treatment apparatus or treatment method, it cannot be said that the treatment efficiency is sufficiently improved, and further improvement is demanded.

JP 2003-285041 A

The present invention is, in view of the problems described above, as compared with the conventional, and an object of the invention to provide a P CB contamination processing method capable of improving the processing efficiency of PCB contamination.

The present invention is a method for treating PCB contaminants by disassembling a device in which insulating paper into which PCB-containing insulating oil is permeated is used in a laminated state, and removing the PCB-containing insulating oil from the disassembled dismantled product. Te, wherein after disassembled while being maintained at least a portion of the stacked state of the insulating paper, the roller provided with a roller pressurizing the demolition was allowed to contact the outer peripheral surface of the pressurized圧個plant the dismantling thereof Insulating the dismantled product in which the laminated state of insulating paper is maintained by using a roller press machine that is formed so as to be rotatable while being pressurized so that the dismantled product can be moved from one end side to the other end side. By performing pressurization in the paper stacking direction, a pretreatment is performed to remove the PCB-containing insulating oil that has penetrated into the dismantled product by pushing it from one end side to the other end side of the dismantled product. PCB contamination treatment method Provide law.

According to the present invention, there is provided a roller that presses the disassembled material by contacting an outer peripheral surface thereof, and the roller can move the pressurizing portion from one end side to the other end side of the disassembled material. Since the roller press machine that is formed so as to be rotatable while pressurizing the disassembled material is provided in the PCB contaminant treatment apparatus, the disassembled material in which the laminated state of the insulating paper is maintained is disposed on one end side thereof. From the one end side to the other end side of the dismantled product, the PCB-containing insulating oil penetrated into the dismantled product is passed through a roller press while being pressed in the laminating direction of the insulating paper with a roller from the other end side to the other end side. Can be pushed out and removed.
Since the amount of insulating oil that has penetrated into the dismantled product can be reduced in this way, the amount of insulating oil that has penetrated into the dismantled product is reduced before crushing and the dismantled product is crushed. It is possible to suppress scattering of insulating oil at the time.
In addition, the amount of insulating oil adhering to the crushed material introduced into the cleaning process or the vacuum heating process can be reduced.
Therefore, processing time such as crushing, washing, and vacuum heating can be shortened.
That is, as compared with the conventional, capable of providing a P CB contamination processing method capable of improving the processing efficiency of PCB contamination.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, in a first embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a PCB contaminated material treatment apparatus for use in the process of the capacitor as an example.
First, the capacitor to be processed will be described.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a capacitor processed in each preprocessing apparatus. The capacitor 1 includes a rectangular parallelepiped housing 2 formed of a carbon steel plate, a main body 3 accommodated in the housing 2, and an upper lid formed of a carbon steel plate or the like that seals the upper portion of the housing 2. 4, a plurality of insulators 5 provided to penetrate the upper lid 4, a terminal 6 provided to protrude from the tip of the insulator 5, and the terminal 6 penetrates the inside of the insulator 5 and is connected to the main body 3. The casing 2 constituting the capacitor 1 is filled with PCB-containing insulating oil 8 for electrical insulation and cooling.

The main body 3 is configured by using a plurality of capacitor elements 9 each having a laminated structure in which an aluminum foil and insulating paper are overlapped and wound and the insulating paper is laminated in multiple layers. This capacitor element is usually wound in the longitudinal direction in a state where an aluminum foil formed in a long strip shape having a width of 150 to 1000 mm and an insulating paper formed in substantially the same shape are overlapped to form an overall rectangular parallelepiped. It is formed into a shape.
The size of this rectangular parallelepiped capacitor element 9 is generally formed to be approximately the same as the width of the aluminum foil or insulating paper whose length is used, that is, about 150 to 1000 mm, and the thickness is 20 to 40 mm. Is formed in a state in which the winding state of the aluminum foil and the insulating paper is bare on both end faces in the length direction.
Therefore, the liquid can be circulated from one end portion to the other end portion of both ends in the length direction. The PCB-containing insulating oil that has penetrated into the insulating paper of the capacitor element 9 Pressurized in the thickness direction and moved from one end side to the other end side in the length direction to be pushed out from the end face in the length direction of the capacitor element 9 and removed from the capacitor element 9. It will be.
In addition, when the insulating paper in which the PCB-containing insulating oil is infiltrated is laminated like the capacitor element 9, more of the PCB-containing insulating oil that has been infiltrated is extruded by pressing in the laminating direction. It can be removed, and a remarkable effect can be exhibited in the removal efficiency of the PCB-containing insulating oil as compared with a dismantled product that does not have such a laminated structure.

A plurality of capacitor elements 9 are usually used in the main body 3. For example, 12 capacitor elements 9 having a thickness of about 20 mm, a width of about 80 mm, and a length of about 150 mm are laminated in the thickness direction. One row and two rows in the length direction are used for the main body portion in a collective state of an overall rectangular parallelepiped shape having a thickness of about 240 mm, a width of about 80 mm, and a length of about 300 mm with a total of 24 capacitor elements 9. It is.
Although not described in detail here, in the formation of the collective state of the plurality of capacitor elements 9, a binding method using a tape member or the like is employed.
The main body 3 is housed inside a fixed plate 3 a disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the side plate of the housing 2, and insulation is provided between the bottom of the main body 3 and the bottom of the housing 2. Paper 3b is provided.

Next, a schematic flow for processing such a capacitor 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, an oil removal process, a preliminary cleaning process, and a dismantling process are performed as pre-processing on the capacitor 1 that is a PCB contaminant. And the cleaning process used as this process and a vacuum heat processing are performed with respect to this demolished material after a pre-processing.
In the disassembling process in this preprocessing, for example, the disassembled parts are separated into the capacitor element 9, the housing 2, and other members such as the lead wires 7.
The capacitor element 9 is subsequently subjected to a roller press process and a crushing process (cutting process) as pre-processing, and a cleaning process and a vacuum heating process which are the main process (PCB removal process).
Other members such as the lead wire 7 are not subjected to the roller press process, but are subjected to a crushing process and a cleaning process and a vacuum heating process, which are the main processes.
About the housing | casing 2, the PCB containing insulation oil which remains inside after a disassembly is collect | recovered, a roller press process and a crushing process are not performed, but the washing process used as this process is performed as it is. The casing 2 can be sufficiently cleaned only by a cleaning process using a solvent, but if necessary, a vacuum heating process may be performed in the same manner as a member such as the lead wire 7.
By this cleaning process and the subsequent vacuum heating process, the PCB is removed from the crushed capacitor and the housing 2 to a level that does not substantially cause a problem, and the process ends.

Next, a PCB contaminant treatment apparatus for treating the above-described capacitor according to the above flow will be described with reference to FIGS.
The PCB contaminant treatment apparatus includes an oil removal device that opens a hole in the housing 2 and extracts the PCB-containing insulating oil from the housing 2, a pre-cleaning device that pre-cleans the capacitor 1 after oil removal, and a capacitor 1 after oil removal. A dismantling device for dismantling, a roller press for pressing the dismantled material disassembled by the dismantling device, a crusher for crushing the dismantled material for further disassembly, and washing the crushed material to a PCB And a vacuum heating device that further removes PCB by subjecting the dismantled product after the cleaning to a vacuum heat treatment.

  The oil removal device is not particularly limited, and is formed, for example, at a suction-type oil removal needle (perforation needle) whose tip can be press-fitted inside the capacitor, and at the tip of the suction-type oil removal needle. Using a negative pressure generating part for maintaining the negative hole part in a negative pressure state, and an insulating oil storage tank for storing the PCB-containing insulating oil sucked and collected by the suction type oil removal needle be able to.

  The preliminary cleaning device is not particularly limited. For example, a liquid having compatibility with PCB-containing insulating oil, for example, insulating oil not containing PCB, is injected into the capacitor after oil removal. Then, after the interior is washed, the liquid containing the PCB-containing insulating oil is discharged to discharge the PCB-containing insulating oil remaining inside the capacitor after the oil is removed. The upper lid can be cut later, the internal member can be taken out, and a shower cleaner that cleans the internal member or the case by spraying a cleaning liquid can be used.

  The dismantling device is not particularly limited, and for example, a device provided with a manipulator to which a dismantling tool such as a gripping tool or a cutting tool is attached can be used.

Although it does not specifically limit as said roller press, For example, what is shown in FIG. 3 can be used.
FIG. 3a) is a top view showing a state in which two roller presses 10 and 10 ′ arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the processing path are arranged together with peripheral devices, and FIG. 3b) is a side view. It is.
The roller press machines 10 and 10 'illustrated in FIGS. 3a) and 3b are configured to press the disassembled material disassembled by the endless transport belt 20 that is operated in a circular motion and conveys the disassembled material, and the dismantling device. It has a roller 30 (hereinafter also referred to as a “pressure roller”), and is configured to press the disassembled material and extrude the PCB-containing insulating oil permeated into the disassembled material by pushing it out of the disassembled material.

  The roller press machines 10 and 10 'used for pressurization of the capacitor element 9 will be described in more detail below by taking the capacitor element 9 as an example of the dismantled product.

The endless transport belt 20 is sufficiently large with respect to the size of the capacitor element 9 so that the capacitor element 9 can be placed on the belt surface with its length direction directed in the belt longitudinal direction (belt circumferential direction). It has a width and a length.
The endless conveyor belt 20 is provided between the two rollers a and a ′ spaced apart in the horizontal direction and the surface thereof is held in a substantially horizontal direction so as to be provided in the roller press machine 10 and 10 ′. Yes. In addition, the endless transport belt 20 is stretched between the rollers a and a ′ so as to rotate around the rotation of the stretched rollers a and a ′. That is, the roller presses 10 and 10 'are formed so that the capacitor element 9 can be moved in the horizontal direction by placing the capacitor element 9 on the endless conveyance belt 20 and causing the endless conveyance belt 20 to rotate. ing.
As the endless transport belt 20, for example, a belt formed using an elastic body such as rubber can be used.

The pressure roller 30 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a metal such as stainless steel, and is formed to be rotatable around the central axis of the cylindrical body. The pressure roller 30 is arranged in the roller presses 10 and 10 ′ with the central axis direction set in the horizontal direction and the central axis direction oriented in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the capacitor element 9 of the endless conveying belt 20. ing. Further, the pressure roller 30 is disposed on the roller presses 10 and 10 ′ in a state where both ends of the central axis are supported at a position above the endless transport belt 20 and can be rotated around the central axis.
Further, the pressure roller 30 is positioned at a horizontal position between the two rollers a and a ′ around which the endless conveyance belt 20 is stretched.
Further, the pressure roller 30 has an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position in the vertical direction and adjusting the pressing force toward the lower side at both end support portions.
That is, the roller press 10, 10 ′ adjusts the height position of the pressure roller 30 in accordance with the thickness of the capacitor element 9 placed on the endless conveyor belt 20, and sets a predetermined amount with respect to the capacitor element 9. It is formed so that it can be pressed with force.
That is, the pressure roller 30 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the moving direction D of the capacitor element 9, and the capacitor element 9 is placed on the endless conveying belt 20 and conveyed toward the moving direction D. The outer peripheral surface is brought into contact with the upper surface side of the element 9, and the capacitor element 9 is rotated downward while pressing in the direction of the endless transport belt 20, and the pressing position is changed from the front side in the transport direction to the rear side, that is, The capacitor element 9 is arranged in the roller press 10, 10 ′ so that it can be moved from the front end to the end in the length direction.

The roller presses 10 and 10 ′ are provided with support rollers b that are in contact with the back surface of the endless belt 20 and are opposed to the pressure roller 30 via the endless transport belt 20. When the capacitor element 9 passes between the pressure roller 30 and the endless transport belt 20, the endless belt 20 is bent downward by the support roller b being supported from the back side. Thus, the pressurization to the capacitor element 9 is prevented from being insufficient. That is, the support roller b prevents the PCB-containing insulating oil from being sufficiently removed.
The support roller b may be formed using an elastic body such as rubber similarly to the endless transport belt 20, or may be formed of a metal such as stainless steel.

In addition, as the endless conveying belt 20 and the pressure roller 30 in the roller press 10 or 10 ′, it is preferable that the pressure roller 30 is formed to have a length exceeding the belt width of the endless conveying belt 20. In addition, it is preferable that both end portions of the pressure roller 30 are disposed so as to protrude outward from the side edges of the endless conveying belt 20.
That is, in such a roller press machine 10, 10 ′, even if the capacitor element 9 is placed at any location of the endless transport belt 20, by rotating the endless transport belt 20 around, The capacitor element 9 can be pressed by the pressure roller 30.

The capacitor element 9 placed on the endless transport belt 20 is transported to the installation position of the pressure roller 30 by the endless transport belt 20, and the pressure roller 30 and the endless transport belt are sequentially arranged from the front end side in the traveling direction D. 20 is pressed between the endless conveyor belt 20 and the pressure roller 30.
At this time, the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 that has penetrated into the capacitor element 9 is pushed out of the capacitor element 9 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction D of the capacitor element 9.

At this time, for the endless transport belt 20 and the pressure roller 30, for example, when the capacitor element 9 has a thickness of 20 mm, a width of 80 mm, and a length of 150 mm, the distance between the centers is, for example, 500 mm. Using an endless transport belt 20 having a belt width of about 200 mm that is stretched between two rollers a and a ′ that are separated from each other, the distance between the endless transport belt 20 and the pressure roller 30 is the thickness of the capacitor element 9. In addition, the adjustment mechanism of the pressure roller 30 can be adjusted and used so as to be slightly narrower (for example, about 18 mm).
At this time, the distance between the pressure roller 30 and the endless conveyance belt 20 and the pressing force of the pressure roller 30 are 5 to 15% after pressing with respect to the thickness before pressing the capacitor element 9. It is preferable to adjust so that it may become thin.
If the thickness reduction after pressurization is less than 5% of the thickness before pressurization, the PCB-containing insulating oil cannot be sufficiently removed from the capacitor element, and the thickness exceeds 15%. Even if you try to reduce it, you cannot expect an increase in the amount of PCB-containing insulating oil removed that matches the applied pressing force, and too much force is applied to the capacitor element. This is because the state may collapse.
Although not described in detail here, in order to prevent the end portion of the capacitor element 9 from being lifted from the surface of the endless conveying belt 20 when the tip side of the capacitor element 9 is pressed by the pressure roller 30, A pressing member (not shown) for preventing the capacitor element 9 from lifting up may be provided until the position of pressure applied by the pressure roller 30 moves from the front end portion of the capacitor element 9 to the end side to some extent.

Further, the roller press 10, 10 ′ has a roller scraper 31 in contact with the pressure roller 30 and a belt scraper 21 in contact with the endless transport belt 20. .
The roller scraper 31 is formed in a narrow thin plate shape, and the long side edge of the narrow thin plate shape is brought into contact with the longitudinal direction of the pressure roller 30.
The roller scraper 31 is formed in a thin thin plate shape slightly longer than the pressure roller 30 and is in contact with the entire length of the pressure roller 30.
Further, the roller scraper 31 is in contact with the pressure roller 30 so that the contact point with the pressure roller 30 is slightly inclined with respect to the central axis of the pressure roller 30. Therefore, the contact portion between the roller scraper 31 and the pressure roller 30 is a position where the other end of the pressure roller 30 is retracted with respect to the rotation direction of the pressure roller 30 at both ends of the pressure roller 30. In this way, it is in contact with the pressure roller 30.
Therefore, since the adhering matter after the capture is moved from one end side to the other end side of the pressure roller 30 along the contact portion between the pressure roller 30 and the roller scraper 31, the pressure roller The deposits attached to 30 are collected on the other end side and collected.

  As a result, even when the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 and other deposits adhere to the pressure roller 30, the roller scraper 31 is captured by the roller scraper 31 as the pressure roller 30 rotates. A clean surface state will be maintained. Moreover, since the trapped deposits are collected at the end of the pressure roller and can be collected, it is possible to suppress the trapped deposits from falling onto the endless conveyance belt 20 again.

The belt scraper 21 is in contact with the surface of the endless transport belt 20 at the lower surface side of the endless transport belt 20, that is, at a location where the belt scraper 21 travels in a direction opposite to the moving direction D of the capacitor element 9.
The belt scraper 21 is also formed in a thin thin plate shape having a length exceeding the belt width, and is in contact with the entire width of the endless transport belt 20.
Further, the belt scraper 21 is also brought into contact with the surface of the endless transport belt 20 in a state in which a contact portion slightly inclined with respect to the belt width direction is formed in the same manner as the roller scraper 31, and the contact portion is the belt width. At both ends in the direction, the other end side is in contact with the surface of the endless transport belt 20 so that the other end side is retracted with respect to the belt traveling direction as compared with the one end side.
Therefore, even when the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 adheres to the endless transport belt 20, it is removed by the belt scraper 21 and the surface of the endless transport belt 20 is kept clean.

  Below this roller press machine 10, 10 ′, an insulating oil receiving tray 40 is provided so that the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 spilled from the roller press machine 10, 10 ′ can be captured and stored. The oil receiving tray 40 has a larger projected area than the installation space of the roller press 10, 10 ′ so that the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 can be captured at any location of the roller press 10, 10 ′. Has been.

In the PCB contamination processing apparatus, the roller press 10 on the front stage and the roller press 10 'on the rear stage are configured in the same manner, and the same incidental equipment is added.
Then, between the roller pressing machine 10 on the upstream side of the processing path and the roller pressing machine 10 'on the downstream side, a liquid L compatible with PCB is applied to the capacitor element 9 after passing through the roller pressing machine 10 on the upstream side. An immersion bath 50 for impregnation is provided.
Then, the roller press machine 10 ′ on the rear stage side pressurizes again the capacitor element 9 impregnated with the liquid L compatible with PCB in this immersion tank 50 and remains inside after passing through the roller press machine 10 on the front stage side. The PCB-containing insulating oil that has been used is used to be removed along with the impregnated liquid L.
As the liquid L compatible with this PCB, normal paraffin, insulating oil containing no PCB, or the like can be used.

Of the two roller presses 10 and 10 ′, the upstream roller press 10 includes a capacitor element introduced into the upstream roller press 10 further upstream of the pressure roller 30. A scraper 60 for an object to be processed is provided in order to perform a scrape removing process for scraping and removing the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 adhering to the surface of 9.
The scraper 60 for processing object is formed in the shape of a horizontally long rectangular flat plate, and is provided with a hinge mechanism 61 on the upper end side of the pressure roller 30 of the roller press machine 10 on the front stage side, and an endless conveying belt. 20 is suspended from above.
Moreover, the scraper 60 for an object to be processed is arranged such that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular flat plate shape is arranged along the direction crossing the endless transport belt, and the lower end 62 thereof is slightly above the surface of the endless transport belt 20. It is installed vertically.

  Therefore, the capacitor element placed on the endless conveying belt 20 first collides with the workpiece scraper 60 before passing through the pressure roller 30 as shown in FIG. As a result, the lower end 62 of the scraper 60 for processing object is advanced in the direction of the pressure roller 30 in a state where the lower end 62 is lifted upward in the forward direction. At this time, the scraper 60 for the object to be processed is restored to the vertical state by its own weight, and the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 adhering to the upper surface side of the capacitor element 9 is scraped off and removed from the capacitor element 9. The capacitor element 9 is dropped on the surface of the endless conveyance belt 20 behind the traveling direction D.

If the force for scraping off the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 adhering to the capacitor element 9 is insufficient only by the restoring force due to its own weight, the scraper 60 for the object to be processed is provided with a spring or the like. Can be energized to be restored to a vertical state.
As shown in FIG. 5, the capacitor element 9 is then advanced by rotating the pressure roller 30 while the outer peripheral surface of the pressure roller 30 is in contact with the upper surface side and the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the capacitor element 9. The PCB-containing insulating oil 8 that is sequentially pressurized from the front in the direction D and penetrates inside is pushed out to the rear side.
Therefore, the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 scraped off to the rear of the capacitor element 9 by the workpiece scraper 60 is captured by the belt scraper 21 together with the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 pushed out by the pressure roller 30, for example. Then, it is dropped on the insulating oil tray 40 and removed.

In addition, the lower end 62 of the workpiece scraper 60 is placed in contact with the endless conveyor belt 20, and the deposits attached to the endless conveyor belt 20 are removed by the workpiece scraper 62. In this case, the belt scraper 21 may be omitted.
Further, the installation position of the workpiece scraper 60 is set so that the horizontal distance from the installation position of the pressure roller 30 is equal to or less than the length of the capacitor element 9, so that the tip end portion in the length direction of the capacitor element 9 is When being pressed by the pressure roller 30, the workpiece scraper 60 abuts against the end portion of the capacitor element 9 from above, so that the end portion of the capacitor element 9 extends from the endless conveying belt 20. It can suppress floating.
That is, by setting the installation position of the workpiece scraper 60 to be equal to or less than the length of the capacitor element 9 in the horizontal direction from the installation position of the pressure roller 30, a press for preventing the rear portion of the capacitor element 9 from being lifted. The member can also be used as the workpiece scraper 60.

  The PCB-containing insulating oil 8 is removed further toward the rear side of the capacitor element 9 by the workpiece scraper 60 and the pressure roller 30 on the further front side of the workpiece scraper 60. In such a case, a splash prevention plate 70 is provided for preventing the splashes from splashing further to the front side than the roller press 10 on the front side.

The PCB contaminant treatment apparatus is provided with a crusher to perform a crushing process in the subsequent stage on the capacitor element that has been subjected to the pressure treatment process by the roller press machine.
Although it does not specifically limit as said crusher, For example, what is equipped with the hydraulic cylinder etc. which reciprocately move the cutter which can reciprocate up and down can be used.
As the cutter of the crusher, a cutter having a hardness capable of cutting a metal can be preferably used.
Further, in the point that the cleaning property in the cleaning process in the subsequent stage can be improved, when this crusher is used for the capacitor element 9, the size of the crushed material after the cutting has a width. What can be cut into 40 mm (preferably 15 mm) or less and a length of 50 mm to 100 mm is preferable.

Although it does not specifically limit as said washing | cleaning apparatus, A stirring washing machine and an ultrasonic washing machine can be illustrated and these can be used individually or in combination of multiple. Moreover, as this ultrasonic cleaning machine, what can change the pressure in a cleaning tank during ultrasonic cleaning can be used.
Further, as this cleaning device, a device capable of removing the cleaning liquid after stirring cleaning or ultrasonic cleaning is preferable in order to reduce the load of the subsequent vacuum heat treatment. For example, it is preferable to use what is formed so that centrifugation liquid removal processing etc. can be implemented as this liquid removal processing.
In addition, normal paraffin, insulating oil, alcohols, etc. can be used as a cleaning liquid used for this cleaning apparatus.

Although it does not specifically limit as said vacuum heating apparatus, For example, the inside of a furnace can be made into the predetermined temperature between normal temperature-about 300 degreeC, and the vacuum which can make a vacuum degree about several dozen Pa or less. A thing provided with a heating furnace etc. can be used.
In addition, this vacuum heating device can also be used so that it can be operated so that the inside of the furnace is maintained at a constant temperature and the degree of vacuum is several tens Pa or less and normal pressure is repeated.

Furthermore, the processing method which processes a capacitor | condenser using the above PCB contaminant processing apparatuses is demonstrated.
First, external dust removal for removing dirt and dust adhering to the outside of the capacitor is performed, and external members attached to the outside are removed.
The removed external member is recycled or discarded.

  The capacitor 1 after removing the external member and the like is then subjected to oil removal by the oil removal device. At this time, the suction-type oil removal needle can be inserted into the capacitor 1 from the upper lid 4 side with the capacitor 1 in the standing posture, or the suction-type oil removal needle can be inserted from the side of the housing 2 in the lying posture. It can also be inserted inside the capacitor 1.

Next, the upper cover of the capacitor 1 after the oil draining process is cut, and the cleaning liquid is sprayed on the main body 3 while taking out the main body 3, and shower cleaning (preliminary cleaning) is also performed in which the cleaning liquid is also sprayed inside the housing. Further, the main body 3 taken out can be shower-washed and then immersed in a cleaning liquid as necessary.
As a result, the PCB concentration in the insulating oil inside the capacitor 1 is reduced, and even if the insulating oil scatters in the subsequent dismantling process, the PCB concentration contained in the splash is reduced, and the work environment Can be improved.
As another method, an insulating oil not containing PCB is injected into the capacitor 1 after the oil removal treatment, and the capacitor 1 after the injection of the insulating oil is shaken for a predetermined time and then injected again. Pre-cleaning for discharging the insulating oil may be performed. In this case, before the subsequent dismantling process, first, the upper part of the casing 2 is cut to separate the upper lid 4. Next, the casing 2 and the main body 3 are separated, and the casing 2 is recovered from the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 remaining in the casing 2 and subjected to a subsequent cleaning process.
The main body 3 is further disassembled into other parts such as a capacitor element 9 and a lead part.
At this time, it is preferable to disassemble the capacitor element 9 while maintaining the laminated state of the insulating paper as much as possible.
Other portions such as the lead portion are subjected to a subsequent cutting process.

Next, the capacitor element 9 in which the laminated state of the insulating paper is maintained is subjected to roller press processing by the roller press machines 10 and 10 ′.
At this time, the endless conveyance is performed so that one of the both end faces of the capacitor element 9 (the face on which the winding state of the aluminum foil and the insulating paper is observed) is introduced into the roller press 10 in a state where the front and rear directions D are directed. The belt is placed on the belt 20 and the endless transport belt 20 is driven to rotate.
The capacitor element 9 is transported by the endless transport belt 20, and firstly subjected to a scraping removal process of scraping off the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 adhering to the upper surface side by the scraper 60 to be processed. Pressure is applied by the roller 30.

At this time, the capacitor element 9 is passed through the installation portion of the pressure roller 30 while being pressed while being sandwiched between the pressure roller 30 and the endless conveying belt 20, so that the pressure point in the capacitor element 9 can be changed. It is possible to apply pressure in a state of being moved from one end surface (front) side to the other end surface (rear) side of the front and rear end surfaces in the traveling direction (length direction).
That is, the capacitor element 9 contains PCB from the end face located behind the traveling direction D in which the pressurizing portion is moved from the front side in the traveling direction D to the rear side while being pressurized in the laminating direction of the insulating paper. The insulating oil 8 is pushed out, and the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 is removed from the capacitor element 9.
In this way, since the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 is removed, for example, when it is pressurized all at once without moving the pressurizing part, such as being sandwiched by a flat press plate. Compared to the above, the permeated PCB-containing insulating oil 8 can be pushed out with a weak force, and more reliably pushed out in one direction.
At this time, since the pressure roller 30 rotates the surface of the capacitor element 9 while pressing the capacitor element 9 to move the pressurizing portion, it is not accompanied by rotation and is simply narrower than the cross-sectional area of the capacitor element. Compared with the case where the capacitor element 9 is squeezed through the through-hole and the internal PCB-containing insulating oil is pushed out, the pressurizing location is set with a low frictional resistance applied to the capacitor element 9. Can be moved from one end side to the other end side.

In other words, when a flat press plate is used to apply pressure with a large force, or when a diaphragm with high frictional resistance and without rotation is added to a capacitor element wound with aluminum foil and insulating paper, winding is performed. There is a possibility that the center part of the rolled aluminum foil or insulating paper may jump out of the end face, and it is difficult to handle such a wound capacitor element, and the workability in the subsequent processing will be significantly reduced. However, since a roller press is used here, the PCB-containing insulating oil can be more reliably extruded in one direction with a weak force while suppressing the possibility of such a problem. Also, in the case of a flat press plate, if there is a part thicker than other parts even at one place, the whole cannot be pressurized, and there is a risk that a large amount of insulating oil containing PCB will remain inside. By using the machine, these fears can be reduced, and the PCB-containing insulating oil can be extruded more reliably.
In other words, the PCB-containing insulating oil can be efficiently removed from the capacitor element, the scattering of the insulating oil in the subsequent crushing process can be further prevented, and the load of the cleaning process and the vacuum heating process can be reduced. .

Note that the downward pressing force F applied to the pressure roller 30 is such that the aluminum foil and insulating paper 8 can be pushed out more reliably in one direction while preventing the aluminum paper and insulating paper from popping out. When the capacitor element 9 is used, it is preferably 20 to 100 kgf, and more preferably 40 to 60 kgf.
The downward pressing force F is intended to be the total load applied to the capacitor element 9 and is usually obtained by summing the downwardly applied force (load) to the pressure roller 30 and the weight of the roller. it can.
In this way, when the capacitor element 9 passes through the installation portion of the pressure roller 30, the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 is efficiently removed from the capacitor element 9. At this time, for example, the capacitor element Even if a large amount of PCB-containing insulating oil 8 is pushed out from behind 9, the splash-preventing plate 70 prevents the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 from spreading.
A large amount of PCB-containing insulating oil 8 also adheres to the pressure roller 30 and the endless transport belt 20, and these are recovered by the roller scraper 31 and the belt scraper 21, and are collected by the pressure roller 30 and the endless transport belt 20. The transport belt 20 maintains a clean surface.

  Next, the capacitor element from which the PCB-containing insulating oil has been removed is passed through the roller press machine, and then the immersion tank 50 is charged. The liquid L compatible with PCB, for example, normal oil or PCB-containing insulating oil is not contained. Immerse it in etc.

  By passing the capacitor element 9 infiltrated with the liquid L having compatibility with the PCB through the subsequent roller press machine 10 ′, the liquid L infiltrated in the immersion tank 50 with the latter roller press machine 10 ′. Is extruded from the capacitor element 9 and is accompanied by the liquid L to extrude the PCB-containing insulating oil 8 remaining in the capacitor element 9.

The capacitor element after the roller press process is further subjected to a crushing process and then a process such as a cleaning process and a vacuum heating process.
Other parts such as the lead part are also crushed, washed, and vacuum heated.
The casing is also subjected to a cleaning process and a vacuum heating process, and all the dismantled products are cleaned and vacuum heated.

Next, a second embodiment will be described.
In this second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, in the immersion tank 50, after passing through the roller press machine 10 on the front stage side, along with the removal of the PCB-containing insulating oil by the roller press machine 10, in the thickness direction. Except that a side pressure mechanism 80 for restoring the thickness of the capacitor element 9 in a compressed state to a level before passing through the roller press machine is provided in the immersion tank 50, the same as in the first embodiment. processing of PCB contaminants is carried out by mETHODS.

The side pressure mechanism 80 is stretched over the side pressure roller 81 and a side pressure roller 81 provided with a rotation axis in a direction perpendicular to the belt surface of the conveyor belt for conveying the capacitor element 9 in the immersion tank 50. The side pressure belt 82 is used.
Three lateral pressure rollers 81 are provided on each of the left side and the right side in the traveling direction of the capacitor element 9, and the left and right rollers 81 are provided from the front side to the rear side in the traveling direction of the capacitor element 9. Three lateral pressure rollers 81 are provided in left and right pairs.
In addition, the side pressure mechanism 80 is provided with an adjustment mechanism so that the distance between the pair of side pressure rollers 81 on the front side can be adjusted. Normally, these side pressure rollers 81 are paired on the front side. The distance between the side pressure rollers 81 that form a pair is adjusted and arranged so that the distance between the pair of side pressure rollers 81 that form a pair on the rear side is shorter.
Then, one side pressure belt 82 is stretched over the three left side pressure rollers 81, and another side pressure belt 82 is looped over the three right side pressure rollers 81. .
The left and right side pressure belts 82 are stretched around the side pressure rollers 81 so as to rotate around the rotation of the side pressure rollers 81.

  The lateral pressure mechanism 80 applies a lateral pressure to the capacitor element 9 that has been compressed in the thickness direction in accordance with the removal of the PCB-containing insulating oil by the upstream roller pressing machine 10 in the liquid L of the immersion bath 50 to obtain a thickness. Thus, the entire lateral pressure mechanism 80 is arranged so as to be immersed in the liquid L.

Next, a method of using the side pressure mechanism 80 will be described. For example, the capacitor element 9 having a length of 150 mm, a thickness of 20 mm, and a width of 80 mm is pressurized to a thickness of about 18 mm by the roller press machine 10 on the front side, and the inside of the capacitor element 9 After removing the PCB-containing insulating oil that has permeated into the capacitor element 9, the capacitor element 9 is introduced into the lateral pressure mechanism 80.
At this time, by adjusting the adjusting mechanism between the pair of side pressure rollers 81 in advance, the gap between the left and right side pressure belts 82 is moved in the conveyance direction of the conveyance belt in the immersion tank 50, that is, the progression of the capacitor element 9. The front side in the direction is adjusted to about 90 mm, for example, and the rear side is adjusted to about 80 mm.

Since the capacitor element 9 pressurized by the roller press 10 on the front stage is in a state of being crushed by the roller press 10 on the front stage, the width is increased after passing through the roller press 10 on the front stage. , Increasing from 80 mm here, for example, about 85 mm.
Therefore, the capacitor element 9 is introduced into the side pressure mechanism 80, and the side pressure is applied while the capacitor element 9 is advanced to the back of the side pressure mechanism 80 by the circumferential operation of the side pressure belt 82. As a result, the capacitor element 9 is sandwiched between the lateral pressure belts 82 from the left and right sides, and a lateral pressure is applied. Finally, the width is restored to about 80 mm.
At this time, the thickness is restored to the same level as the original. Since the restoration of the thickness is performed in the liquid L in the immersion bath 50, the liquid L penetrates into the capacitor element 9 simultaneously with the restoration of the thickness.
Therefore, unlike the case of the first embodiment in which the liquid L is simply immersed, a larger amount of the liquid L can be quickly penetrated into the capacitor element 9.
That is, more PCB can be removed from the capacitor element 9 in a short working time.

Moreover, since the liquid L is compatible with the PCB, the PCB remaining in the capacitor element 9 after passing through the roller press 10 on the upstream side is dissolved in the permeated liquid L. Can do.
Therefore, more PCB can be removed from the capacitor element 9 during pressurization in the roller press 10 ′ on the rear stage side.
That is, as compared with the first embodiment, the scattering of the insulating oil in the subsequent crushing process can be further prevented, and the load of the cleaning process and the vacuum heating process can be reduced.

  In the first and second embodiments, the case where the PCB contamination processing apparatus and the PCB contamination processing method are configured as described above is described as an example, but in the present invention, the PCB is treated as described above. The contaminant treatment apparatus and the PCB contaminant treatment method are not limited to the above examples.

  Further, in the above description, the case where the roller press machine is combined with an endless conveyance belt and a pressure roller has been described as an example. However, the roller press machine is not limited to the case where the capacitor element is moved by the conveyance belt. The case where a roller press machine in which the pressure roller moves while rotating on the capacitor element is also within the range intended by the present invention, or the capacitor element is interposed between the two rotating pressure rollers. The range intended by the present invention also applies to the case of using a roller press that passes through and is pressed between the two pressure rollers.

  Further, in the above description, the case where the outer periphery of the pressure roller of the roller press machine is brought into direct contact with the capacitor element to pressurize the capacitor element has been described as an example. However, the capacitor element may be covered with a thin film material. Also, the case where the outer peripheral surface of the pressure roller is used in contact indirectly with the capacitor element, such as by being enclosed in a bag, is also within the intended scope of the present invention.

  In the above description, the capacitor element is described as an example of a dismantled product from the point that the effect of the present invention can be exhibited remarkably. A disassembled product including a disassembled insulating layer can be exemplified, and even in a disassembled material including an insulating layer disassembled from this paper-insulated electric wire, a high PCB-containing insulating oil removal efficiency is exhibited because the laminated state of insulating paper is formed. be able to.

  Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the case where a roller and a belt are used as the side pressure mechanism 80 has been described as an example. However, for example, a capacitor element is sandwiched between two plate-like bodies so as to apply a side pressure. Such a method can be used instead of the above-described method, and other methods can also be used.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to test examples and the like .

( Test Example 1)
PCB-containing insulating oil adhered to the outside of the capacitor element (element of rated capacity 50 kVA capacitor: thickness 20 mm × width 80 mm × length 150 mm) was removed using normal paraffin.
At this time, the PCB concentration in the capacitor element was measured by an official method (member sampling test method) and found to be about 20% by weight.
Subsequently, it was passed through a roller press equipped with a rubber pressure roller at a speed of 2 to 3 cm / sec to extrude the PCB-containing insulating oil from the inside of the capacitor element and remove it.
At this time, the PCB concentration in the capacitor element was measured by an official method (member sampling test method) and found to be about 5% by weight.
The capacitor element was cut to 40 mm or less and washed with normal paraffin for 5 hours. The PCB concentration in the capacitor element after washing was measured by an official method (member sampling test method) and found to be “about 30 ppm”.

( Test Example 2)
The capacitor element after passing through the pressure roller (PCB concentration: about 5% by weight) was further immersed in normal paraffin for 10 minutes, and then passed through a roller press machine under the same conditions as before.
At this time, the PCB concentration in the capacitor element was measured by an official method (member sampling test method) and found to be about 2% by weight.
The capacitor element was cut to 40 mm or less and washed with normal paraffin for 5 hours. The PCB concentration in the capacitor element after washing was measured by an official method (member sampling test method) and found to be “about 10 ppm”.

(Comparative Example 1)
A capacitor element (PCB concentration of about 20% by weight) from which the PCB-containing insulating oil that has adhered is removed is cut to 40 mm or less, washed with normal paraffin for 5 hours, and the PCB concentration in the capacitor element after washing is officially determined It was "about 100 ppm" when measured by the method (member sampling test method).

  In view of the above, in the PCB contaminant treatment apparatus provided with the roller press machine and the PCB contaminant treatment method in which the PCB-containing insulating oil is removed using the roller press machine, the load in the cleaning process is increased. It can be seen that the processing efficiency can be improved.

Sectional drawing which shows a capacitor | condenser. The flowchart which shows the flow of PCB contaminant processing. a) Top view showing arrangement of roller press machine, b) Same side view. The principal part (X section of FIG. 3b) which shows a scraper process expanded side view. The principal part (Y part of FIG. 3b) enlarged side view which shows the removal method of the PCB containing insulating oil by a roller press. Schematic which shows the side pressure mechanism in 2nd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1: capacitor, 2: housing, 3: main body, 4: upper lid, 8: insulating oil containing PCB, 9: capacitor element, 10: roller press, 20: endless conveyor belt, 30: pressure roller

Claims (5)

A PCB contaminant treatment method for disassembling a device in which insulating paper into which PCB-containing insulating oil is permeated is used in a laminated state and removing the PCB-containing insulating oil from the disassembled dismantled product,
Wherein after disassembled while being maintained at least a portion of the stacked state of the insulating paper, one end of the roller provided with the roller pressurizing the demolition was allowed to contact the outer peripheral surface pressure圧個plant the dismantling thereof The disassembled material in which the laminated state of the insulating paper is maintained is removed from the insulating paper by using a roller press machine that is formed so as to be able to rotate while being pressed so that the disassembled material can be moved from the other end side of the insulating paper. PCB contamination characterized by carrying out a pre-treatment for extruding and removing the PCB-containing insulating oil that has penetrated into the dismantled product from one end side to the other end side by applying pressure in the stacking direction. Material processing method. Insulating paper is wound around a conductor in multiple layers to form an insulating layer in which the insulating paper is laminated in multiple layers on the conductor, and PCB-containing insulating oil is permeated into the insulating paper. A dismantling that separates a conductor and an insulating layer from an insulated wire while maintaining at least a part of the laminated state of the insulating paper is performed, and a dismantled article including the insulating paper in which the laminated state is maintained is a roller press. The PCB contaminant treatment method according to claim 1 , wherein the pretreatment is performed by applying pressure to remove the PCB-containing insulating oil. Dismantling a capacitor having a capacitor element in a casing formed by laminating insulating paper infiltrated with PCB-containing insulating oil together with a metal foil, and maintaining at least part of the laminated state of the insulating paper of the capacitor element PCB of claim 1 is dismantled capacitor in a state were the disassembly product stacked state includes an insulating paper that is maintained pressurized with roller press for performing the pre-treatment for removing PCB containing insulating oil Contaminant disposal method. The dismantled product from which PCB-containing insulating oil has been removed by pressurization with the roller press machine is impregnated with a liquid compatible with PCB, and the dismantled product impregnated with the liquid is further pressurized with a roller press machine to dismantle the liquid. The PCB contaminant treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the pretreatment for further removing the PCB-containing insulating oil from the disassembled material is performed by removing the material from the material. After the dismantling, a scrape removing process is further performed to scrape and remove at least a part of the PCB-containing insulating oil adhering to the surface of the disassembled material before removing the PCB-containing insulating oil by pressurization with a roller press. Item 5. The PCB contaminant treatment method according to any one of Items 1 to 4 .

Images