JP2005087774A - Pcb recovery method from ballast containing pcb - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recover PCB (polychlorobiphenyls) in a capacitor of a fluorescent lamp ballast. <P>SOLUTION: A slit is formed at a center in a longitudinal direction of a top plate of the fluorescent lamp ballast, the slit is opened by pushing and an inner pitch is exposed, the pitch is removed by chipping, the capacitor 42 is taken out and mounted on a dedicated tool for cutting a capacitor casing to be cut into halves, and received by a basket in a lower tank, the basket is sent to an extraction tank of a supercritical extraction unit using carbon dioxide through a PCB liquid dipping chute to separate and recover from a lower part of the separator of the extraction unit. PCB liquid in the tank is collected in a storage part formed by a tilted bottom for recovering. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for recovering PCB from a ballast containing PCB.
[0002]
[Prior art]
PCB has characteristics such as chemical stability, heat resistance, and high insulation. Utilizing these characteristics, electrical insulation oil, pressure sensitive paper, machine oil, plasticizer for electrical equipment such as transformers and capacitors are used. And has been used for paints and the like. However, the actual situation of environmental pollution became clear as a result of the 1968 Kanemi oil symptom, and PCBs were prohibited from being used for manufacturing, importing and open applications by 1974. Furthermore, in 1992, waste PCBs, waste oil containing PCBs and PCB contaminants were designated as specially managed industrial wastes based on the Waste Disposal Law and required to be stored at business establishments. As a result, a considerable number of transformers are currently stored in offices.
[0003]
For large transformers and the like, attention has been paid to diffusion due to the large amount of insulating oil containing PCB, and many proposals have been made for PCB recovery methods.
[0004]
The present applicant has also proposed (see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
The above proposal is shown in FIGS.
[0006]
In this figure, the building 1 has a dismantling yard 2, an iron core 3, a case 4, a stage 5a of a lid 5, 3a, 4a, 5a and the stage 3a, 4a, 5a, and a roller conveyor 3b, 4b, 5b for traveling. Housing part. The exhaust 10 of the building 1 is collected to prevent the outside air including PCB from escaping to the outside.
[0007]
The conveyors 3b, 4b and 5b are equipped with nozzles that can be used to spray the jets over a wide range without spraying. Low pressure hot water washing booths 3c, 4c and 5c (3 to 5 minutes) Followed by hot water rinsing booths 3e, 4e, 5e, and in the illustrated example, drying booths 3f, 4f, 5f and an inspection booth comprising an n-hexane tank (into n-hexane) 3g, 4g, and 5g are added).
[0008]
In each booth, the exhausts 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 are collected as in the building 1 described above.
[0009]
The last building 6 is a stock yard 7.
[0010]
In the figure, 8 is an overhead traveling crane, and 9 is a hoist crane.
[0011]
The above-mentioned low pressure (over-strong impact causes PCB scattering) hot water cleaning booth, ultrasonic cleaning booth, hot water rinsing booth, etc. are designed to correspond to the respective processed objects.
Consideration should also be given to changing the previous process so that it will be subjected again to the previous process that seems necessary.
[0012]
After the hot water rinsing booth 3e having finished the outer surface cleaning, the laminated iron core 3 is moved to an off-line decomposition / separation yard 16 where it is separated into paper, wood, and fiber, and the entire surface is exposed and exposed to iron. The former is sent to the supercritical extraction device 17, and the latter is returned to the ultrasonic cleaning booth 3d to clean the portion that is concealed and cannot receive the cleaning action.
[0013]
Undrained oil and water from the low-pressure hot water washing booths 3c, 4c, and 5c and the hot water rinse booths 3e, 4e, and 5e are all sent to the oil / water separation and recovery device 18 shown in FIG.
[0014]
That is, the wastewater pooled in the drainage bit 18a is pumped from the upper oil and water to the separation tank 18c in which the float pump 18b continues the tank through the siphon 18d.
[0015]
The separation tank 18c is preliminarily filled with slightly cooled water, and the oil content in the waste water put into the separation tank 18c is cooled and solidified and clearly floats and separates (PCB concentration is low and specific gravity is light). The oil skimmer 18e adheres using the viscosity of the oil and is scraped off by the skimmer 18e to be recovered in the recovery tank 18f.
[0016]
The oil in the recovery tank 18 f is collected in the oil storage tank 19. The water from the final siphon 18d of the separation tank 18c contains neither emulsion nor solid oil (PCB concentration is 0.0005 ppm or less), and is used for reuse.
[0017]
In the ultrasonic cleaning booths 3d, 4d, and 5d, a plant-based cleaning agent is selected as the cleaning agent, and this precise cleaning achieves complete degreasing cleaning in about 30 minutes.
[0018]
In general, the cleaning liquid is replaced at a liquid oil concentration of about 0.5%.
[0019]
As a specific example of the plant-based cleaning agent, there is one manufactured by S.N.E Research Institute, Ltd. as a trade name ion cleaning agent SNE-CF88. The ingredients are as follows.
Fatty acid diethanolamide (coconut oil based) 12%
Fatty acid methyl ethoxylate (plant type) 5%
Bark enzyme extract ... 5%
Corn oil component ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 5%
Kiraya extract ... 0.3%
Seaweed ingredient ... 5%
Yuccaform extraction ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ 0.3%
Distilled water ... 18%
Natural mineral ion water ... 49.4%
PH ... 9.3%
Hazard testing is as follows.
Acute toxicity by Himedaka 48 hours LC50 value is 570 mg / 1
Acute oral toxicity in mice> 20 ml / kg
Primary skin irritation by rabbits When applied to the skin of 3 rabbits for 4 hours, 1 to 1 hour after removal of the test product, mild to clear erythema 1 or 2 were observed in all cases, but after removal, All cases disappeared after 24 hours. Waste water from the ultrasonic cleaning booths 3d, 4d, and 5d is sent to the oil removing device 20 shown in FIG.
[0020]
The oil removing device 20 includes a hopper 20c for charging a powdery flocculant A mainly composed of an extract extracted from a plant such as seaweed that can be eaten in a stirring tank 20b having a stirring device 20a, and a cationic food additive. Equipped with a liquid level confirmation tank 20d for feeding the main liquid coagulant B (the amount of A used is 1% and B is about 0.3% of the treated wastewater). A back filter 20f is arranged through a filtration pump 20e. As said A and B, Westec Co., Ltd. was the manufacturer, and Shindo Co., Ltd. was the vendor NBP-A and BC9-B (two sets are generic names).
[0021]
In the figure, 20g is a B liquid tank, 20h is a suction pump, 20i is a drain receiver, and this water is reused.
[0022]
The floc 21 obtained by the back filter 20f is sent to the supercritical extraction device 17 to extract PCB, and becomes a harmless solid consisting of the components of the flocculant A and the coagulant B.
[0023]
As a result of analysis by the above means, the residual oil content per 100 g of the member was 4 mg by n-hexane extraction-gravimetry. This is a measurement of oil content under fairly strict conditions by placing a sample in 20 ml of n-hexane and performing ultrasonic cleaning for 40 minutes. Also, this numerical value clearly clears the member sampling test method (reference value 0.01 mg PCB / kg or less), and also in the wiping test method, the residual oil content is 1 mg and clears 0.1 mg PCB / 100 cm 2 or less.
[0024]
However, since the electric power used is larger than that of ordinary households, the fluorescent light ballast capacitors used in schools, hospitals, entertainment venues, etc. where substation facilities are installed are too small compared to transformers (large cigarette cases). ) For some reason, there is no suggestion.
[0025]
However, as long as PCB is enclosed, there is no exception, and the enforcement of Article 65 “Special Measures Law on Promotion of Proper Treatment of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Waste” makes storage of PCB waste more stringent. On the other hand, storage in a ballast has a problem in storage space due to the size, weight, etc. of the ballast, and it has become necessary to take out and store a capacitor containing PCB from the ballast.
[0026]
It is said that 20 million units of ballasts have been manufactured, and 12 million units are currently stored. One capacitor has a PCB of 20 cc and 240 tons. This is a very serious situation.
[0027]
Unlike the above-described transformer, the capacitor PCB has a high concentration of almost 100% and a specific gravity of 1.3 to 1.6, which is quite heavy. The interior is made of a laminate of paper, aluminum foil, vinyl film, fiber, and the like.
[0028]
The following shows how a major company deals with this.
“When disassembling the ballast (removing the PCB-containing capacitor), perform the following work.
When removing the capacitor from the ballast, be careful not to break the capacitor container, damage it, or allow PCB oil to flow out.
Please be careful about the ventilation of the work place. If ventilation is inadequate, consider preparing a protective mask.
When working, use protective equipment such as rubber gloves and protective glasses so that PCB oil does not come into direct contact with the human body.
Please carry out the work on a blue sheet. Even if PCB oil leaks, please do not leak outside.
In the unlikely event that PCB oil spills, immediately collect the oil and wipe it off with sawdust and waste. Sawdust, waste, gloves, etc. must be stored as PCB contaminants.
The work should be done quickly. After the work is completed, capacitors and contaminants should be immediately placed in a sealed container and sealed, and the opening time should be as short as possible.
[0029]
Prepared items such as protective equipment
Prepare the following protective equipment to protect the environment and human body during work.
Environmental protection: Blue sheet, waste, sawdust, plastic bag, etc.
Human protection: rubber gloves, protective glasses, protective mask, soap, boric acid water, etc.
Prepare other necessary protective equipment according to the working environment. "
[0030]
With the above preparation, the procedure under the structure of a representative ballast is instructed in FIG.
"Method of disassembly
The ballast is composed of a body (bottom) and a base plate that contains the coil (winding part) and capacitor, and is filled with pitch.
First, separate the main body and bottom plate.
Remove the end plate on both sides of the ballast body (L-shaped brackets spot welded to the main body case) and the caulking one side of the bottom plate, 4 places in total, with a punch etc. Open the gap with a flathead screwdriver, etc., and separate the main body and the bottom plate.
(Depending on the model, some nails are bent from the bottom plate. Raise the nails.)
Turn the body over. The capacitor is an aluminum container. The part of the pitch that looks aluminum.
Next, remove the capacitor from the body.
Remove the filled pitch from the main body by using a method such as chipping, and take out the capacitor.
Disconnect the capacitor leads.
Remove the capacitor from the main unit and store it in a storage container.
Dispose of the remaining main body and bottom plate as industrial waste.
Finish with overtime processing. "
As a further note,
"In the unlikely event that the capacitor is damaged and the insulating oil containing PCB leaks out, wipe it off with a cloth, etc. Note that the wiped cloth, etc. must be stored as PCB contaminants. Take the following first-aid measures and consult a doctor.
If on skin
Take off clothes contaminated with PCB immediately and wash with water and soapy water (do not use strong alkaline soap).
When entering the oral cavity
Exhale immediately and repeat gargle with water.
If in eyes
Immediately wash the eyes with a large amount of washing water for at least 15 minutes, and then wash with 3% boric acid.
If you feel sick after inhaling steam
Rest in fresh air.
Take the above first-aid measures, promptly consult a doctor and follow the instructions. "
This is the current situation.
[0031]
[Patent Literature]
JP 2001-219153 A (5th and 6th pages, FIGS. 1 to 3)
[0032]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As is clear from the above, regarding the fluorescent ballast capacitor, the actual condition is that the capacitor is stored and the PCB is not recovered.
[0033]
This means that no matter how large the transformer is processed, the pollution will not stop forever due to sloppy PCB loss and leakage in the fluorescent light ballast, which may be more than the large transformer. .
[0034]
Further, the response of a large company already described is completely manual, and is inefficient and dangerous work, which is not preferable.
[0035]
Moreover, although the volume is small in appearance, as described above, the fact that the concentration is almost 100%, as a matter of fact, it can be said that the complete processing should be urgently required for this small capacitor.
[0036]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to recover the PCB from the ballast in the same manner as the above-mentioned proposal for recovery from the transformer of the present inventor. The object is to provide an excellent means by fully utilizing the size of the capacitor and the difference in the internal PCB.
[0037]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the method of recovering a PCB from a ballast containing a PCB according to the present invention provides an opportunity for recovering the capacitor from the ballast and recovering the PCB from the capacitor. This is achieved by eliminating the need for a rectangular box-shaped fluorescent lamp ballast with the center of the top center of the top plate, and using a cutting machine such as a hand saw to cut only the outer skin to form a slit. The stripper is expanded to the slit of the workpiece on the rising table and the claw is made to act, and the slit is spread and the internal pitch is exposed. After removing the pitch with a chisel, etc., the capacitor The capacitor is placed on the side surface of the horizontal cylinder frame with a rotating chuck and a cutter that moves forward and backward from the side is attached to the chuck. The entire amount of PCB can be obtained by cutting the lid while the capacitor is turned upside down with a chuck after being replaced with a capacitor case cutting device equipped with the horizontal cylinder frame rotating mechanism that can rotate toward the direction. Drained, dropped by releasing the chuck, received the capacitor case in the basket placed on the insole in the tank below, and the leaked PCB at the bottom of the tank, respectively, and accommodated a predetermined amount of capacitor The basket is sequentially fed to the extraction tank of the supercritical extraction device using carbon dioxide gas outside the tank via a PCB liquid dripping recovery chute, and separated and recovered by specific gravity difference separation from the lower part of the separator of the extraction device. On the other hand, the PCB liquid in the tank is collected and collected in the storage part formed by the bottom slope. (Claim 1)
[0038]
Using a cutting machine such as a hand saw, a slit is formed by cutting the top center longitudinal width of the top of the rectangular box fluorescent lamp ballast using a hand saw or the like. Replace with a stripper that spreads the slit and allows the claw to act, exposes the slit to the slit and exposes the internal pitch, removes the pitch with a chisel, and then removes the capacitor. A rotating chuck is disposed on the side surface of the front end, a cutter that moves forward and backward from the side is attached to the chuck, and the horizontal cylinder frame rotating mechanism that can rotate the workpiece cutting portion downward is provided. Replace with a dedicated capacitor case cutting device, and the PCB is discharged by cutting the lid while holding the capacitor upside down with the chuck. The capacitor case is placed in the basket placed on the insole in the tank and the leaked PCB at the bottom of the tank is received, and the PCB impregnated aluminum foil and insulating paper laminated element are completely peeled and separated in the capacitor case. As a result, the basket that has accommodated a predetermined amount of the capacitor is sequentially fed to the extraction tank of the supercritical extraction apparatus using carbon dioxide gas outside the tank via a chute for collecting PCB dripping, and the separator of the extraction apparatus It is assumed that the PCB liquid in the tank is collected and collected from the lower part by specific gravity difference separation, while the PCB liquid is collected and collected in a storage part formed by the bottom slope. Method. (Claim 2)
[0039]
The supercritical extraction device using carbon dioxide gas may be an all-circulation environment type. (Claim 3)
[0040]
More preferably, it is an environmental type in which discharge is performed sequentially after a predetermined temperature and pressure are achieved in a discharge tank that is controlled to open and close in the circulation path. (Claim 4)
[0041]
[Action]
The series of processes of incising the ballast, removing the capacitor, and cutting the capacitor are mechanized. The recovered PCB and the PCB adhering to the device can be recovered at once without using the water dilution process using the high concentration. In addition, regarding the amount of case adhering, the fact that the case size can be input without dividing it into a supercritical extraction device makes it possible to directly input it, and by using carbon dioxide as the solvent, the specific gravity difference Separation and recovery are possible, and PCB processing of the condenser of the ballast can be performed simply, inexpensively, with high efficiency and safety.
[0042]
In the case where the laminated element of the PCB impregnated aluminum foil and the insulating paper stored in the capacitor case is completely peeled and separated, a perfect supercritical fluid contact is ensured and the extraction process is perfect.
[0043]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0044]
FIG. 1 illustrates a capacitor.
[0045]
FIG. 2 shows a general-purpose type in which a floor-mounted hand saw 22 is mounted on a table 23 and lifted and lowered by a handle 25 with a pivot point 24 as a fulcrum to allow a saw blade 26 to act on a workpiece.
[0046]
Using this, the ballast W may be placed on the lift 27 and rearranged by half to form a slit having a predetermined width that cuts into two strips at the longitudinal center of the top plate.
[0047]
The ballast W having a slit formed at the center of the top plate is developed by a stripper 28 shown in FIGS.
[0048]
That is, the table 30 whose level is adjusted by the table vertical handle 29 is moved up and down by the lower cylinder 31. A claw driving arm 33 is disposed at the lower end of the upper cylinder 32 and opens and closes the parallel opposing claws 34 and 34.
[0049]
Then, the ballast W is placed on the table 30, and the claws 34, 34 are set to slits having a predetermined opening width on the upper surface of the ballast and suitable for the attachment of the claws 34, 34. When the pawls 34 and 34 are opened while being raised, the slits are spread and the internal pitch of the ballast is exposed.
[0050]
The ballast W is taken out, the pitch is cut off, and the capacitor 42 is taken out.
[0051]
The capacitor 42 is replaced by a dedicated capacitor cutting device 35 shown in FIGS.
[0052]
In other words, this has a work chuck 37 whose gripping force is adjusted by a spring and hydraulic pressure that rotate on the front side surface of the horizontal cylinder frame 36 that is capable of rolling, and is advanced and retracted from the side toward the chuck 37. The cutter 38 has a cylinder-controlled cutter 38. The cutter 38 advances to the chucked and rotating workpiece and cuts the entire circumference with one rotation.
[0053]
A revolving cylinder 39 is linked to the horizontal cylinder frame 36 so that the crank can be rotated, that is, the cutting portion of the chuck 37 and the cutter 38 can be rotated 90 degrees downward.
[0054]
Such cutting in a 90-degree downward posture is preferable because it allows automatic collection into the tank 40.
[0055]
A capacitor accommodating basket 41 is provided in advance on the insole 40 a in the tank 40. The basket 41 is sequentially fed out and sent out.
[0056]
8a and 8b show the configurations before and after the capacitor 42 is cut.
[0057]
As is clear from FIG. b, the capacitor 42 divided from the lid part is not separated because the inner cord communicates between the lid part 42a and the body part 42b. The laminated body 42c of aluminum foil and insulating paper stored in the body part 42b is prevented from being pulled out by the cord.
[0058]
Since the laminate 42c is a very dense laminate, it cannot be expected to penetrate between the layers of a supercritical fluid. Therefore, when perfect PCB processing is required, peeling separation is necessary. That is, as shown in FIGS. 9a to 9c, the cord is cut to separate the lid portion 42a and the barrel portion 42b, and the barrel portion 42b is placed on the insole 41a of the inverted basket 41 for PCB discharge. (Figure a)
[0059]
When the PCB discharge is completed, the laminated body 42c is taken out from the trunk portion 42b. (Fig. B)
[0060]
The laminate 42c is peeled and separated. At this time, the PCB liquid adhering to the surface of the laminated body 42c is sufficiently discharged, so that it can be completely separated through rubber gloves so as to avoid adhesion to the hand. (Figure c)
The steps in FIGS. 5 to 7 will be described in detail.
[0061]
Reference numeral 43 in the figure denotes a PCB liquid dripping recovery chute provided at the delivery destination of the basket 41 that is sequentially delivered to the capacitor receiving position on the insole 40a, through which the basket 41 is as shown in FIG. The carbon dioxide gas is fed into the extraction tank 44 of the supercritical extraction device.
[0062]
In the figure, reference numeral 45 denotes an acrylic transparent suspension cover that covers the capacitor cutting device 35 and is excellent in preventing PCB scattering.
[0063]
FIG. 11 shows an outline of PCB recovery in a supercritical extraction apparatus using carbon dioxide gas. This supercritical extraction apparatus is described as a type that circulates without a pressurizing pump. This is because the degree of extraction is excellent. (A circulation type that does not use a pressurizing pump includes those disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-153244 and Japanese Patent No. 3079157 that allow the entire circuit to communicate.)
[0064]
In FIG. 11, the chamber is released after being set to a predetermined temperature and pressure in a discharge tank whose opening and closing is controlled on the front and rear of a part of the ring without communicating all the rings. A type with excellent quick-acting power. The process is as follows.
Carbon dioxide is fed into the cooling tank from a commercially available carbon dioxide cylinder using the filling pressure. The inside of the cooling tank is cooled to a temperature of about 5 ° C. with cooling water from a cooling tower, and becomes liquefied carbon dioxide gas. The liquefied carbon dioxide gas is filled into the discharge tanks 1 and 2 using the height difference of the apparatus.
The discharge tanks 1 and 2 use only 1 at the beginning to send the gas pressurized to a predetermined pressure to the extraction tank and open and close the valve B until the discharge tank and the cleaning layer reach the predetermined supercritical pressure at the same pressure. Repeat (while valve A is closed). From the point in time when the discharge tank and the inside of the washing tank reach the same supercritical pressure (example 25 Mpa) at the same pressure, the control valve adjusts the opening according to the pressure in the washing tank and enters the circulation extraction. When the circulation cleaning by the discharge tank 1 is completed, the feeding from the discharge tank 2 is performed next. The gas is fed into the extraction tank by heating the inside of the tank to a maximum of about 120 ° C. with a heater built in the discharge tank, and through a reverse valve. This operation is set to a pressure of 25 Mp inside the discharge tank, and the automatic valve B is set in sequence so that it is sent into the washing and extraction tank at an internal pressure of 25 Mp.
When the inside of the extraction tank filled with the sample reaches a pressure of 25 Mp, the three operations are completed, and automatic extraction operation at intervals of 30 minutes starts by adjusting the timer. The pressure in the extraction tank is adjusted by a control valve. At that time, the PCB accompanying gas discharged from the extraction tank is sent to a recovery tank (separator). Moreover, while collecting PCB stored in the lower part of the recovery tank using a specific gravity of PCB of 1.3 or more and a specific gravity of liquefied carbon dioxide gas, the liquefied carbon dioxide gas is heated and sent to the cooling tank again to the discharge tank. And cycled. As for the circulation time, about 1 to 5 hours are currently considered.
Since it is necessary to check for gas leaks from within the system, a gas leak detector is installed at the bottom of the system. If a gas leak is detected, stop the operation of the equipment immediately, wait for the gas to be collected by the forced air intake system in the room, enter the room wearing safety protective equipment, check the equipment, and go to the relevant places. After that, repair the manufacturer, confirm that there are no leaks, obtain confirmation from the relevant parts, and do not use the device until you are satisfied to resume operation.
The operation is performed manually until filling of the object to be cleaned into the extraction tank and the valve operation for feeding the liquefied carbon dioxide gas into the discharge tank, and the subsequent operation is automatic operation.
After completion of the extraction operation, the internal washing is taken out at about 40 ° C. with a temperature indicator after the temperature drop in the extraction tank.
The PCB recovered from the supercritical extraction apparatus and the tank 40 may be treated by a supercritical water oxidation reaction proposed in JP-A-10-225632 already established as a detoxification technique.
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the PCB of the ballast capacitor in the state where there is no PCB recovery means can be recovered at low cost, high efficiency and completely in a reasonably simple process. The contribution to is extremely high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a development view showing a ballast structure.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a hand saw used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a stripper used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a stripper used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a left side view of a dedicated capacitor cutting device used in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 7 is a right side view of the same.
FIGS. 8a and 8b are overall perspective views of a ballast capacitor before and after cutting. FIG.
FIGS. 9A to 9C are explanatory views showing capacitor disassembly and separation procedure.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a basket extraction tank charging procedure in the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart of PCB recovery process of the supercritical extraction apparatus using carbon dioxide gas in the present invention.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a cleaning process for a transformer used in the present invention.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a separation tank for a transformer used in the present invention.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a stirring tank of a transformer used in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1;
2; Demolition yard
3; Iron core
3a; Stage
3b: Roller conveyor
3c; Low-pressure hot water washing booth
3d: Ultrasonic cleaning booth
3e; Hot water rinse booth
3f; Drying booth
3g; Inspection booth
4; Case
4a; Stage
4b: Roller conveyor
4c; Low pressure hot water washing booth
4d; Ultrasonic cleaning booth
4e; Hot water rinse booth
4f; Drying booth
4g; Inspection booth
5; Lid
5a; Stage
5b; Roller conveyor
5c; Low pressure hot water washing booth
5d: Ultrasonic cleaning booth
5e; Hot water rinse booth
5f; Drying booth
5g; Inspection booth
6;
7; Stockyard
8; overhead traveling crane
9; Hoist crane
10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15; exhaust
16; Separation sorting yard
17; Supercritical extraction device
18: Oil / water separation and recovery equipment
18a; drainage bit
18b; float pump
18c; separation tank
18d; Siphon
18e; oil skimmer
18f; collection tank
19; Storage tank
20; Oil removing device
20a; stirring device
20b; stirring tank
20c; Hopper
20d; Liquid level confirmation tank
20e; pump
20f; back filter
20g; B liquid tank
20h; suction pump
20i: Drainage receptacle
21; frock
22; Handsaw
23; stand
24; pivot point
25;
26; saw blade
27; Lift
28; Stripper
29; Handle
30; Table
31; Lower cylinder
32; Upper cylinder
33; Claw drive arm
34; nails
35: Dedicated device for cutting capacitors
36; Horizontal cylinder frame
37; Work chuck
38; Cutter
39; slewing cylinder
40; tank
40a; insole
41; Basket
41a; Basket insole
42; capacitor
42a; lid
42b; trunk
42c; laminate of aluminum foil and insulating paper
43; Chute for collecting dripping c
44; Extraction tank
45; Cover

Claims (4)

Using a cutting machine such as a hand saw, a slit is formed by cutting the top center longitudinal width of the top of the rectangular box fluorescent lamp ballast using a hand saw or the like. Replace with a stripper that spreads the slit and allows the claw to act, exposes the slit to the slit and exposes the internal pitch, removes the pitch with a chisel, and then removes the capacitor. A rotating chuck is arranged on the side surface of the front end, and a cutter that moves forward and backward from the side is attached to the chuck, and the horizontal cylinder frame turning mechanism that can turn the workpiece cutting portion downward is provided. Replace with a dedicated capacitor case cutting device, and the PCB is discharged by cutting the lid while holding the capacitor upside down with the chuck. The superconducting extraction device using the carbon dioxide gas outside the tank in order to receive the capacitor case in the basket placed on the insole in the tank and the leaked PCB at the tank bottom, respectively, It is sent to the extraction tank through a chute for PCB dripping recovery and separated and recovered from the lower part of the separator of the extraction device by specific gravity difference separation, while the PCB liquid in the tank is formed by the bottom slope. A method for recovering from a ballast containing PCB, characterized in that it is collected in a storage part to be recovered. Using a cutting machine such as a hand saw, a slit is formed by cutting the top center longitudinal width of the top of the rectangular box fluorescent lamp ballast using a hand saw or the like. Replace with a stripper that spreads the slit and allows the claw to act, exposes the slit to the slit and exposes the internal pitch, removes the pitch with a chisel, and then removes the capacitor. A rotating chuck is arranged on the side surface of the front end, and a cutter that moves forward and backward from the side is attached to the chuck, and the horizontal cylinder frame turning mechanism that can turn the workpiece cutting portion downward is provided. Replace with a dedicated capacitor case cutting device, and the PCB is discharged by cutting the lid while holding the capacitor upside down with the chuck. The capacitor case is placed in the basket placed on the insole in the tank, and the leaked PCB at the bottom of the tank is received, and further, the laminated element of the PCB impregnated aluminum foil and insulating paper is peeled and separated in the capacitor case. The basket that has accommodated a predetermined amount of the capacitor is sequentially fed into the extraction tank of the supercritical extraction apparatus using carbon dioxide gas outside the tank through the PCB liquid dripping recovery chute, from the lower part of the separator of the extraction apparatus. A method for recovering from a PCB-containing ballast characterized in that the PCB liquid in the tank is collected and collected in a storage portion formed by a bottom slope, while being separated and recovered by specific gravity difference separation. The method for recovering PCB from a PCB-containing ballast according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supercritical extraction device using carbon dioxide gas is an all-circular communication type. The supercritical extraction apparatus using carbon dioxide gas is an environmental type in which discharge is sequentially performed after the temperature is set to a predetermined temperature and pressure in a discharge tank whose opening and closing in the circulation path is controlled. PCB recovery from ballast containing PCB.

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