JP2016106542A - Dna傷害型物質のスクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
Dna傷害型物質のスクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016106542A JP2016106542A JP2014244935A JP2014244935A JP2016106542A JP 2016106542 A JP2016106542 A JP 2016106542A JP 2014244935 A JP2014244935 A JP 2014244935A JP 2014244935 A JP2014244935 A JP 2014244935A JP 2016106542 A JP2016106542 A JP 2016106542A
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Abstract
Description
[1]DNA傷害型物質をスクリーニングする方法であって、下記:
(a)培養細胞にハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドを添加し、DNAをラベルする工程;
(b)培養系に被験物質を添加する工程;
(c)培養細胞を回収し、溶解後、パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動により染色体又は核酸を分離する工程;
(d)分離された染色体又は核酸をメンブレンに転写し、ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドに対する一次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(e)標識剤を結合させた、一次抗体に特異的な二次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(f)場合により、該標識剤に対する基質を添加し、反応させる工程;及び
(g)工程(e)又は(f)の反応後、標識剤又は基質に由来するシグナルが検出された場合に、工程(b)において添加された被験物質をDNA傷害型物質として選択する工程
を含むスクリーニング方法。
[2]ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドが、ブロモデオキシウリジン、ヨードデオキシウリジン、フルオロデオキシウリジン、又はクロロデオキシウリジンである、上記[1]に記載のスクリーニング方法。
[3]標識剤が、酵素又は蛍光分子である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載のスクリーニング方法。
[4]酵素が、アルカリホスファターゼ、ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ、ルシフェラーゼ、グルコースオキシダーゼ、乳酸オキシダーゼ、ウレアーゼ、ガラクトースオキシダーゼ、及びベータガラクトシダーゼからなる群から選択される、上記[3]に記載のスクリーニング方法。
[5]基質が、5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3’−インドリルリン酸/ニトロブルーテトラゾリウム(BCIP/NBT)、3,3’‐ジアミノベンジジン四塩酸(DAB)、オルトフェニレンジアミン(OPD)、2,2’−アジノジ(3−エチルベンゾチアゾリン−6−スルフォン酸)、3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチルベンゼン(TMB)、5−アミノサリチルサン(ASA)、ルミノール、及びルシフェリンからなる群から選択される、上記[1]〜[4]のいずれか1つに記載のスクリーニング方法。
[6]蛍光分子が、Cy−2、Cy−3、Cy−3.5、Cy−5、Cy−5.5、Cy−7、Alexa、FITC、テキサスレッド、及びローダミンからなる群から選択される、上記[3]に記載のスクリーニング方法。
[7]被験物質が生薬由来の物質から選択される、上記[1]〜[6]のいずれか1つに記載のスクリーニング方法。
[8]上記[1]〜[7]のいずれか1つに記載のスクリーニング方法を用いて得られたDNA傷害型物質。
[9]上記[8]に記載のDNA傷害型物質を含む、癌及び/又はウイルス感染症を治療及び/又は予防するための医薬組成物。
[10]DNA傷害型物質がデヒドロコスツスラクトン又はアルカンニンである、上記[9]に記載の医薬組成物。
本発明のスクリーニング方法は、DNA傷害型物質をスクリーニングする方法であって、下記:
(a)培養細胞にハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドを添加し、DNAをラベルする工程;
(b)培養系に被験物質を添加する工程;
(c)培養細胞を回収し、溶解後、パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動により染色体又は核酸を分離する工程;
(d)分離された染色体又は核酸をメンブレンに転写し、ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドに対する一次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(e)標識剤を結合させた、一次抗体に特異的な二次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(f)場合により、該標識剤に対する基質を添加し、反応させる工程;及び
(g)工程(e)又は(f)の反応後、標識剤又は基質に由来するシグナルが検出された場合に、工程(b)において添加された被験物質がDNA傷害型物質であると判断する工程を含む。
本発明によれば、癌及び/又はウイルス感染症を治療及び/又は予防するための医薬組成物を提供することができる。本発明の医薬組成物は、限定されないが、本発明のスクリーニング方法によって得られたDNA傷害型物質を生理食塩水や適切な緩衝液(例えば、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水)に溶解又は懸濁させることによって得られる。さらに、本発明の医薬組成物に、製剤上許容される他の成分(例えば、担体、賦形剤、崩壊剤、緩衝剤、乳化剤、懸濁剤、無痛化剤、安定剤、保存剤、防腐剤など)を含有させてもよい。また、本発明の医薬組成物に含有させるDNA傷害型物質の含有量又は濃度は、治療及び予防の対象とする疾患によって適宜変更してよい。DNA傷害型物質の用量は、特定の製剤、適用の態様、治療を受ける特定の位置、宿主及び癌(腫瘍)に応じて変化させることができる。対象の年齢、体重、性別、食事、投与時間、宿主の状態、薬物の組合せ、反応感度及び重傷度などの他の因子も考慮されるべきである。
SV40で不死化した繊維芽細胞MRC5を10cmの細胞培養用ディッシュ上で、DMEM培地に10%のウシ胎児血清(FBS)を加えた培地で培養した。培養細胞に最終濃度が10μMとなるようにバロゲン付加ウラシル(FdU、CldU、BrdU、IdUのいずれか)を加え、30分間、37℃にて5%CO2下でインキュベートした。この処理により、DNA複製が起きている場所にハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドを導入することができる。最終的にハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドを特異的に認識する抗体によって識別が可能となる。ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドでDNA複製領域をラベルした後、リン酸緩衝液(PBS)で洗浄後、新しい培地を加え薬剤処理を行った。その後、24時間インキュベートした。
富山大学和漢医薬総合研究所の事業である生薬のスクリーニング事業で分与頂いた120種類の生薬エキスと95種類(陰性対照を1つ含む)の生薬由来化合物を利用して、実際にDNA複製領域で染色体切断を引き起こす活性を有する化合物が探索できるか検証した。使用した生薬エキスのリストと生薬由来の化合物のリストをそれぞれ下記の表1及び表2に示す。
実施例1及び2では、染色体の二重鎖切断について、ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドの取り込み、該ハロゲン化ヌクレオチドへの一次抗体による結合、該一次抗体に対するアルカリホスファターゼ標識した二次抗体の結合、及びアルカリホスファターゼに対する基質(BCIP/NBT溶液)の添加によって得られる発色に基づいて検出した。本実施例では、染色体の二重鎖切断を発光(蛍光)によっても検出できるかどうかについて検討した。
Claims (10)
- DNA傷害型物質をスクリーニングする方法であって、下記:
(a)培養細胞にハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドを添加し、DNAをラベルする工程;
(b)培養系に被験物質を添加する工程;
(c)培養細胞を回収し、溶解後、パルスフィールドゲル電気泳動により染色体又は核酸を分離する工程;
(d)分離された染色体又は核酸をメンブレンに転写し、ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドに対する一次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(e)標識剤を結合させた、一次抗体に特異的な二次抗体を添加し、反応させる工程;
(f)場合により、該標識剤に対する基質を添加し、反応させる工程;及び
(g)工程(e)又は(f)の反応後、標識剤又は基質に由来するシグナルが検出された場合に、工程(b)において添加された被験物質をDNA傷害型物質として選択する工程を含むスクリーニング方法。 - ハロゲン付加ヌクレオチドが、ブロモデオキシウリジン、ヨードデオキシウリジン、フルオロデオキシウリジン、又はクロロデオキシウリジンである、請求項1に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 標識剤が、酵素又は蛍光分子である、請求項1又は2に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 酵素が、アルカリホスファターゼ、ホースラディッシュペルオキシダーゼ、ルシフェラーゼ、グルコースオキシダーゼ、乳酸オキシダーゼ、ウレアーゼ、ガラクトースオキシダーゼ、及びベータガラクトシダーゼからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 基質が、5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3’−インドリルリン酸/ニトロブルーテトラゾリウム(BCIP/NBT)、3,3’‐ジアミノベンジジン四塩酸(DAB)、オルトフェニレンジアミン(OPD)、2,2’−アジノジ(3−エチルベンゾチアゾリン−6−スルフォン酸)、3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチルベンゼン(TMB)、5−アミノサリチルサン(ASA)、ルミノール、及びルシフェリンからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 蛍光分子が、Cy−2、Cy−3、Cy−3.5、Cy−5、Cy−5.5、Cy−7、Alexa、FITC、テキサスレッド、及びローダミンからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 被験物質が生薬由来の物質から選択される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のスクリーニング方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のスクリーニング方法を用いて得られたDNA傷害型物質。
- 請求項8に記載のDNA傷害型物質を含む、癌及び/又はウイルス感染症を治療及び/又は予防するための医薬組成物。
- DNA傷害型物質がデヒドロコスツスラクトン又はアルカンニンである、請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
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