JP2016102591A - Dish type sunlight collection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dish type sunlight collection device capable of greatly reducing an installation cost, a maintenance cost and the like, attaining high light collection efficiency, and reducing total cost, and a solar heat power generation device using the dish type sunlight collection device.SOLUTION: A dish type sunlight collection device for collecting sunlight includes a dish type reflection mirror base constituting a spherical surface or a parabolic surface, and a plurality of metal thin plates attached to the release surface side of the reflection mirror base. The metal thin plate is a metallic plate having such a rectangular shape having a thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm, a width of 30-130 cm and a length of 100-1000 cm. The metallic plate is directly attached to the reflection mirror base.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a dish type for efficiently concentrating sunlight using a spherical mirror or a parabolic mirror and efficiently heating a solar power generator installed at the focal position of the spherical mirror or parabolic mirror, for example. The present invention relates to a solar light collecting device.

  In recent years, in order to suppress an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the air accompanying an increase in global energy consumption, there is an increasing expectation for a power generation device that uses solar energy without the release of carbon dioxide.

  Conventionally, many systems have been proposed not only in Japan but also around the world to collect solar light using a reflector and heat the heat medium to convert the heat into electrical energy. Demonstration devices, experimental devices, etc. have been established all over the world, and some have been commercialized.

  Methods for obtaining electrical energy using sunlight include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, inorganic compounds such as InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) and GaAs (gallium arsenide), organic dyes and conductive polymers. A solar power generation system that irradiates solar cells (solar panels) made of organic compounds, etc., and converts solar energy directly into electrical energy, and efficiently collects sunlight, for example, water, dissolved salt There is a solar power generation system in which a heat medium such as oil is heated to a high temperature, steam is generated by the heat energy, and a steam turbine is rotated to obtain electric energy.

  The solar power generation method requires inexpensive and high-performance solar cells (solar panels) that can efficiently convert sunlight into electrical energy, and the installation area compared to other power generation methods such as hydroelectric power generation and thermal power generation. The amount of power generation per unit is small, and the power generation cost is also high. For this reason, various public subsidies are required to introduce the solar power generation method.

  In a dish type solar thermal power generation apparatus 100 as shown in FIG. 4, as a solar concentrator, a high light-transmitting glass plate having a thickness of several millimeters is bent into a predetermined parabolic surface, and sunlight is applied to the back surface of the glass plate. A reflecting mirror 110 formed with a reflecting film is used, and the reflecting mirror 110 is attached to a large gantry 130.

  At the focal position of the reflecting mirror 110, for example, a solar power generator 120 that generates power using a Stirling engine or the like is installed. A solar power generator 120 using a Stirling engine is composed of a high-temperature part 122 and a low-temperature part 124, and the high-temperature part 122 is heated by sunlight collected by the reflecting mirror 110 to rotate the flywheel of the Stirling engine. And can generate electricity.

  However, when a glass mirror is used as the reflecting mirror 110, it is costly to process into a spherical surface or a parabolic surface, and furthermore, since glass is easily broken, a dedicated installation facility is required for installation. It is necessary to pay close attention to the installation work.

  In addition, the base that supports the base is sturdy to prevent accidents such as deformation of the base due to sinking of the base that supports the base after installation, deformation of the base due to strong winds, and damage to the glass mirror due to wind pressure on the glass mirror, etc. If the mechanical strength of the pedestal is increased to increase the safety, the installation cost and the operation cost are both increased.

  In order to increase the light collection efficiency, it is preferable to increase the size of the light collecting device. However, since the light collecting device always collects sunlight at the optimum position, it is necessary to always track the sun and maintain the optimum position. is there. For this reason, the larger the size of the light collecting device, the more difficult it becomes to control the entire device, and the deterioration of light collecting efficiency and the difficulty of maintenance due to deformation of the light collecting device will increase.

  However, in order to reduce the weight of the glass reflecting mirror that occupies most of the light collecting device, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the glass plate. Thus, if the thickness of the glass plate is reduced, the glass reflector is likely to be damaged during manufacture, movement, installation, and operation, and the operation cost is increased. .

  On the other hand, a reflecting mirror using a metal mirror is also known. However, in order to make a large spherical mirror or a parabolic mirror metallic, one side of the metal plate is pre-reflected and this metal plate is used. A method of manufacturing a reflecting mirror by processing into a predetermined spherical surface or paraboloid and attaching it to a gantry is common.

  When processing a metal plate into a spherical surface or paraboloid, it is common to press using a mold, but the surface of the highly reflective metal plate is scratched and reflected during pressing. There is a risk of performance degradation. In addition, in order to manufacture a large reflector, it is necessary to prepare a large mold or press device for performing press working, which increases the manufacturing cost.

  In view of the current situation, the present invention provides a dish-type solar concentrator that can significantly reduce installation costs and maintenance costs, achieve high condensing efficiency, and reduce the total cost. The purpose is to do.

The present invention was invented in order to achieve the above-described problems and objects in the prior art, and the dish-type solar concentrator of the present invention is a dish-type solar for concentrating sunlight. A light concentrator,
A dish-shaped reflector table that forms a spherical or parabolic surface; and
A plurality of metal thin plates attached to the release surface side of the reflector table;
With
The metal thin plate is a rectangular metal flat plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, and a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm,
The metal flat plate is directly attached to the reflector table.

By using a plurality of flat metal thin plates in this way, it is not necessary to process the metal plate into a spherical shape or a parabolic shape with excessive processing costs, so that the installation cost can be reduced.
Moreover, since the reflecting mirror is constituted by sticking a metal flat plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, and a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm to the release surface side of the reflecting mirror base, the manufacturing is possible. It is very easy to manufacture a reflecting mirror at a low cost.

Moreover, it is preferable that the surface of the said metal thin plate is grind | polished or vacuum-deposited.
By performing such surface treatment, the surface of the metal thin plate (sunlight reflecting surface) exhibits high reflection performance, and the light collection efficiency is improved.

Moreover, the manufacturing method of the dish-type solar concentrator of the present invention includes a step of preparing a dish-type reflector table that forms a spherical surface or a paraboloid,
A spherical or paraboloidal surface is obtained by directly attaching a flat metal plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, and a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm against the release surface side of the reflector table. A step of forming a reflecting mirror;
It is characterized by including.

  Thus, since the glass reflector is not used and it is not necessary to process the metal plate into a spherical or parabolic shape in advance, the manufacturing cost of the reflector can be reduced.

  According to the dish type solar light collecting device according to the present invention, the manufacturing cost of the device can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional light collecting device. In addition, the overall weight of the concentrator can be significantly reduced compared to conventional concentrators that use glass reflectors, and the burden on the system for automatically tracking the sun and maintaining the optimum position. Can also be greatly reduced.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the structure of a reflecting mirror of the dish type solar light collecting apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar thermal power generation apparatus using the dish type solar light collecting apparatus of FIG. FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic configuration diagrams for explaining the structure of a reflecting mirror of a dish type solar light collecting apparatus according to another embodiment. FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a right side view. FIG. 3C is a front view. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar thermal power generation apparatus using a conventional dish type solar concentrator.

Hereinafter, embodiments (examples) of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the structure of a reflecting mirror of a dish type solar light collecting apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 1 (b) is a right side view, FIG. 1 (c) is a front view. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a solar thermal power generation apparatus using the dish type solar light collecting apparatus of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a solar thermal power generation apparatus 11 using a dish type solar light collecting apparatus 10 of the present invention includes a reflecting mirror 12 for condensing sunlight at a predetermined light collecting position, and a reflecting mirror. The base 14 for supporting 12 and the solar power generator 16 which consists of a Stirling engine etc. are provided, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the reflecting mirror 12 includes a dish-type reflecting mirror base 26 that forms a spherical surface or a parabolic surface, and a plurality of thin metal plates 28 are attached to the release surface side of the reflecting mirror base 26. The material of the reflector table 26 is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined strength is ensured, and may be made of wood or metal.

  The thin metal plate 28 to be attached to the reflector 26 has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm, and particularly preferably a width of 30 cm to 60 cm and a length of 100 cm to A 300 cm square metal flat plate can be used.

  The material of the metal thin plate 28 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can reflect sunlight efficiently. For example, a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel or an alloy containing these metals is used. be able to. In order to reduce manufacturing costs, it is preferable to use aluminum.

  While pressing such a metal flat plate against the release surface side of the dish-type reflector table 26 formed on a spherical surface or a parabolic surface, for example, by attaching using a screw or the like, it is directly attached to the spherical surface or parabolic surface. The reflecting mirror 12 which comprises a surface can be comprised.

  In addition, when attaching using a screw | thread etc., it is preferable to provide a predetermined space | interval between the attachment jig | tool, such as a screw for attaching the metal thin plate 28 to the reflective mirror base 26, and the metal thin plate 28. FIG.

  That is, the size of the mounting hole provided in the thin metal plate 28 is larger than the diameter of the screw portion of a mounting jig such as a screw and smaller than the umbrella portion, and 0.1 mm to 0 than the thickness of the thin metal plate 28. Even when the thin metal plate 28 expands at a high temperature by using a washer having a thickness of about 2 mm, a gap is provided between the mounting jig and the thin metal plate 28. The deformation of the metal thin plate 28 due to the contact can be prevented.

In addition, it is preferable to cut | disconnect suitably the part which protruded from the reflective mirror stand 26 in the metal flat plate.
Further, the metal thin plates 28 are provided with a gap of about several mm between each other, and are adhered to the reflector table 26 so that the metal thin plates 28 interfere with each other even when the metal thin plates 28 expand when the temperature rises, such as in summer. Without deformation, the deformation of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 12 can be suppressed.

  In addition, when affixing the thin metal plate 28 to the reflector 26, the thin metal plate 28 can be affixed in a parabolic shape by increasing the number of jigs in the circumferential direction of the reflector 26. it can.

  In addition, the surface 28a (sunlight reflecting surface) of the thin metal plate 28 is preferably subjected to a surface treatment such as chemical polishing or electrolytic polishing or vacuum deposition so that high reflection performance can be exhibited.

  Further, the reflecting mirror 12 can be housed in the protective box 30. Thus, by storing the entire reflecting mirror 12 in the protective box 30, it is possible to prevent the reflecting mirror itself from being affected even in bad weather such as strong winds, and the reflecting mirror may be damaged. Can be prevented. Further, for example, it is possible to prevent stains caused by rain or condensation, and to prevent the dust from adhering to the surface of the reflecting mirror 12 and deteriorating the reflection characteristics, so that the high reflection characteristics can be maintained for a long time. . Moreover, since the mechanical strength of the reflector table 26 can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the entire solar light collecting device 10 can be significantly reduced.

  In addition, it is preferable to cover the gap generated between the protection box 30 and the reflecting mirror 12 by providing the lid 31. If the gap between the protective box 30 and the reflecting mirror 12 is left as it is, for example, insects may enter, so that a cleaning operation of the gap between the protective box 30 and the reflecting mirror 12 occurs, and maintenance costs are reduced. It will increase.

  Further, the solar power generator 16 that generates power using sunlight (solar heat) collected by the reflecting mirror 12 is not particularly limited. For example, Stirling having a low temperature portion 16a and a high temperature portion 16b. An engine can be used.

  By heating the high temperature portion 16b with solar heat, the flywheel of the Stirling engine can be rotated to generate electric power. The low temperature part 16a may be prevented from being heated by not being irradiated with sunlight. For example, the low temperature part 16a may be provided with a cooling device such as an air cooling device or a water cooling device. The temperature may be lowered.

  The solar power generator 16 includes a solar power generator base 32 provided in the diameter direction of the reflecting mirror 12, and a solar power generator base support member 34 for pulling and fixing the solar power generator base 32 from a direction orthogonal thereto. Is installed at the focal position of the reflecting mirror 12.

  Further, by providing the solar power generator mount 32 so as to be aligned with the polar axis, it is necessary to greatly move the position of the solar power generator 16 even when the angle of the reflecting mirror 12 is changed by the solar tracking mechanism 18 described later. The load on the sun tracking mechanism 18 is reduced.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a circular reflecting mirror 12 is used as shown in FIG. 1, but there is no particular limitation. For example, as shown in FIG. A rectangular reflecting mirror 12 may be used.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic configuration diagrams for explaining the structure of a reflecting mirror of a dish type solar light collecting apparatus according to another embodiment. FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG. 3B is a right side view. FIG. 3C is a front view.

  Thus, by making it the shape which cut | disconnected the four directions of the spherical mirror or the parabolic mirror, a square-shaped metal flat plate can be affixed efficiently and the reflective efficiency of a reflective mirror can also be improved.

  As mentioned above, although the preferable Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this, In the said Example, although only the case where the solar condensing device 10 was used for the solar thermal power generation apparatus 11 was demonstrated. For example, instead of the solar power generator 16, a solar cell is installed at the focal position of the reflecting mirror 12 to obtain a concentrating solar power generation device, for hot water supply facilities, heating / cooling facilities, pool heating, etc. Various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Dish type solar condensing device 11 Solar power generation device 12 Reflector 14 Base 16 Solar power generator 16a Low temperature part 16b High temperature part 18 Solar tracking mechanism 26 Dish type reflector base 28 Metal thin plate 28a Surface 30 Protective box 31 Lid 32 Solar power generation Stand 34 for solar power generator Supporting member 100 for solar power generator Solar power generator 110 Reflector 120 Solar power generator 122 High-temperature part 124 Low-temperature part 130 Large-sized base

Claims (3)

A dish type solar concentrator for concentrating sunlight,
A dish-shaped reflector table that forms a spherical or parabolic surface; and
A plurality of metal thin plates attached to the release surface side of the reflector table;
With
The metal thin plate is a rectangular metal flat plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, and a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm,
The dish-type solar concentrator, wherein the metal flat plate is directly attached to the reflector table.   2. The dish type solar concentrator according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the metal thin plate is subjected to polishing treatment or vacuum deposition treatment. Preparing a dish type reflector table that constitutes a spherical surface or paraboloid;
A spherical or paraboloidal surface is obtained by directly attaching a flat metal plate having a thickness of 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm, a width of 30 cm to 130 cm, and a length of 100 cm to 1000 cm against the release surface side of the reflector table. A step of forming a reflecting mirror;
The manufacturing method of the dish type solar condensing device characterized by including.

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