WO2014163066A1

WO2014163066A1 - Trough-type solar energy power generation device

Info

Publication number: WO2014163066A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/059612
Authority: WO
Inventors: 進藤　勇
Original assignee: 株式会社クリスタルシステム
Priority date: 2013-04-01
Filing date: 2014-04-01
Publication date: 2014-10-09

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a trough-type solar energy power generation device capable of suppressing the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost to be low, capable of maintaining a high photovoltaic conversion efficiency and a high power generation efficiency over a long period of time, capable of suppressing the total cost, and capable of serving not only as a power generation device but also as a hot water producing device. [Solution] A concentrating trough-type solar energy power generation device uses sunlight to generate power and at least comprises: a trough-type reflecting mirror having a parabolic shape in section to collect the sunlight; a solar cell placed at the position where the sunlight is focused by the trough-type reflecting mirror and directly converting the collected sunlight into electric power; a cooling means for cooling the solar cell; and a transparent film for covering the open face side of the trough-type reflecting mirror.

Description

Trough solar power generator

The present invention is a trough solar energy power generation apparatus that efficiently collects sunlight using a rain gutter (trough type) reflector and efficiently generates power with a solar cell installed at the focal position of the reflector. About.

For power generation devices that use solar energy, solar power generation devices that use solar cells that irradiate a semiconductor substrate with sunlight to convert light energy into electrical energy, for example, Stirling engines A so-called “solar thermal power generation device” that heats the temperature of the heat collecting section to a predetermined temperature and drives the piston to generate power, or heats a heat medium with solar heat to generate high-temperature steam to generate power with a steam turbine, etc. is there.

In recent years, in order to suppress an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the air accompanying the increase in global energy consumption, there is an increasing expectation for power generation devices that use solar energy without the release of carbon dioxide. Solar energy is irradiated with 1 KW of energy per square meter, and its effective use is extremely important.

As a form of solar energy use, in addition to generating electricity and using it as electric energy, it is also actively used as a solar water heater. The utilization efficiency when used as a solar cell is about 20% when the most popular silicon semiconductor is currently used, whereas the utilization efficiency when used as a water heater reaches nearly 50%. Therefore, the utilization efficiency is higher when it is used as hot water than when it is used as electricity.

However, since there are many cases where it is more convenient to use it as electric energy as a form of use, recently, development of a method that can be used as electric energy as efficiently and inexpensively as possible has been promoted.

Still, as a form of efficiently using the solar energy at the corner, it is obvious that if it can be used as heat energy at the same time as the electric energy using the same device, it will be the most efficient use device .

Conventionally, many solar power generation systems and solar thermal power generation systems have been proposed not only in Japan but also all over the world. Demonstration devices and experimental devices have been established in various parts of the world, and commercial use has been partially started. Yes.

By the way, as raw materials for solar cells using sunlight, crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, inorganic compounds such as InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) and GaAs (gallium arsenide), organic compounds such as organic dyes and conductive polymers, etc. are examined. Has been.

The practical application is underway from various viewpoints such as conversion efficiency, manufacturing cost, and weather resistance. Solar cells using silicon occupy more than 90% of solar cells that are commercially available all over the world. Most commonly used. The market size is said to be over 1 trillion yen worldwide, and its role in improving efficiency is extremely large.

In addition, a solar power generation device requires a high-performance and inexpensive solar cell (solar panel) that can efficiently convert sunlight into electric energy. However, the manufacturing cost of the semiconductor substrate that is the source of the solar cell and the manufacturing cost of the module incorporating the semiconductor substrate are expensive. Furthermore, in solar power generation devices, a solar tracking device is often used to enable high-efficiency power generation, but this solar tracking device is expensive and has become a factor that increases power generation costs.

For this reason, solar power generation is expensive compared with other power generation methods such as hydroelectric power generation and thermal power generation.
In order to reduce the power generation cost, it is obvious that reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the conversion efficiency of the semiconductor substrate that is the source of the solar cell and the module incorporating the solar cell is effective, but other inexpensive condensing systems. In order to reduce power generation costs, it is possible to develop a large amount of power with a small number of semiconductor substrates.

Such a method is called a “condensing type”, and development of a highly efficient condensing system is being promoted energetically around the world. This is because when the semiconductor substrate is irradiated with a large amount of light energy condensed several hundred times, the conversion efficiency increases and a large amount of power can be obtained.

However, since the conversion efficiency of semiconductor substrates generally deteriorates when the substrate temperature rises, a means for effectively cooling the substrate temperature and suppressing the deterioration of conversion efficiency even under high-density light irradiation is required. .

On the other hand, various so-called “condensing solar thermal power generation devices” have been developed that efficiently generate sunlight by collecting sunlight with a reflecting mirror. A heat collecting part is installed on a high tower, and sunlight is condensed with a number of reflectors toward this heat collecting part, and the tower-type, rain gutter-like (trough-like) reflecting mirror obtains high heat. The heat collecting part of the Stirling engine is arranged at the focal position of the trough type and dish-shaped reflector that heats the heat medium in the heat collecting tube arranged at the focal position by the reflector, and the piston of the engine is driven to generate electricity Various methods such as a dish type are known.

For the tower type, the sun that repeats the diurnal motion must be accurately tracked, and despite the necessity to arrange a large number of reflectors, the usage efficiency is extremely low due to the relative position of the sun. There is a fatal flaw that does not increase the overall efficiency.

The trough type is expected to be the most efficient, and the installation of large-scale power plants for practical use is also progressing, but a high-light-transmissive glass plate with a thickness of several millimeters is bent into a predetermined curved surface as a reflector. Because it is necessary to use a reflector that has been processed and a solar reflective film is formed on the back of a highly light-transmitting glass plate, it is attached to a large pedestal, so it is expensive and heavy, and the highly light-transmitting glass plate is easily damaged. Reflector mirrors that use this are expensive to manufacture, and, in addition, the installation of the entire device requires a robust manufacturing process, and a large amount of expenses are incurred for the production of the base and the production of the base.

In addition, after installation, even if the operation is started, the reflector is easily soiled by wind and rain, condensation, etc., many spots are generated, and the reflection characteristics deteriorate due to dust adhering. It is necessary, and for these reasons, power generation costs have been pushed up.

As for the dish type, problems remain in the long-term stable use of large Stirling engines, and the necessity to clean the reflectors is facing the same problem as the trough type. The current situation is that it has not spread.

As with such a concentrating solar power generation device, a “concentrating solar power generation device” that generates power by placing solar cells at the condensing position of the reflector and irradiating the solar cells with the collected sunlight There is a possibility that power generation costs can be reduced by saving the amount of expensive semiconductor substrates used, and various methods have been studied and some have been put into practical use.

However, in this case as well as the so-called concentrating solar power generation device, the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the reflector, and the cleaning cost after the start of operation are faced. Not reached.

Developing inexpensive and efficient reflectors is the most important factor for concentrating sunlight efficiently at low cost. If the thickness of the glass plate is reduced in order to reduce the weight of reflectors that use glass materials that are currently used exclusively, there is an increased possibility of glass materials being damaged during manufacturing, transportation, installation, and operation. There is a limit to reducing the weight because it increases the cost.

In addition to glass materials, hard plastics have been studied as a material for reflectors, and some of them are used, but they are worried about long-term stable use.
On the other hand, the use of a reflecting mirror using a metal plate instead of a glass material has been studied. In this case, since it is a metal plate, it is lightweight and resistant to deformation, the base supporting the gantry can be simplified, and the gantry is an inexpensive simple device, and the risk of damage is greatly reduced even with strong winds. Manufacturing costs and operating costs can be greatly reduced.

However, in the case of a reflecting mirror using a metal plate, unlike a reflecting mirror using a glass material, it does not pass light, so it must be a concave mirror and a surface mirror. In this case, the concave mirror is used in the field. Since dust or the like adheres to the surface of the film and the reflection characteristics deteriorate, cleaning is necessary.

However, it is known that when such a cleaning operation is performed on a metal surface mirror, the reflection characteristics of the surface of the concave mirror are greatly deteriorated. And could not be used stably for a long time.

In view of such a current situation, the present invention can keep the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost low, maintain a high photoelectric conversion efficiency and a high power generation efficiency over a long period of time, and can reduce the total cost. An object is to provide a solar power generation device.
Furthermore, it aims at providing the trough type | mold solar energy power generation device which can also play a role as a warm water manufacturing apparatus with a power generation device.

The present invention was invented in order to achieve the problems and objects in the prior art as described above,
The trough solar power generation device of the present invention is
A concentrating trough solar power generation device for generating electricity using sunlight,
The trough-type solar energy power generator is
A trough reflector having a parabolic cross section for collecting the sunlight; and
A solar cell that is installed at the focal position of the sunlight by the trough reflector and directly converts the concentrated sunlight into electric power;
Cooling means for cooling the solar cell;
A transparent film covering the release surface side of the trough reflector,
At least.

If comprised in this way, the contamination by the outside air of a trough type | mold reflector and a solar cell can be avoided, and long-term stable use can be implement | achieved.
The transparent film is soiled by the outside air, and the transmittance gradually deteriorates. Therefore, when a certain degree of deterioration is observed, it is preferable to replace the transparent film with a new one to always maintain a high transmittance.

The operation of replacing the dirty transparent film with a new one may be performed each time the transparent film is deteriorated, or the wound body on which the long transparent film is previously wound is placed on one side of the trough reflector. It may be arranged on the other side, and if it gets dirty, it may be wound up sequentially from the other side and covered with a new transparent film.

In this case, the replacement work of the transparent film may be performed automatically by a motor or manually. Further, a transparent film having a length sufficient to cover the trough-type reflecting mirror may be prepared and used by exchanging each time. By exchanging the dirty transparent film, it is possible to prevent a decrease in light collection efficiency and to always generate power with high efficiency. Since the cost required for replacing the transparent film is small, the overall power generation cost can be reduced.

As the material of the transparent film, it is preferable to use a fluororesin having a thickness of about 50 to 100 μm. Such a transparent film has a high light transmittance and a low price, so it hardly affects the power generation cost.

Thus, according to the trough type solar energy power generation apparatus of the present invention, the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost can be kept low, and the high photoelectric conversion efficiency and the high power generation efficiency can be maintained for a long time.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The short side width of the solar cell is
It is within a range of 1 to 10% of the diameter on the release surface side of the trough reflector.

If comprised in this way, while being able to hold down manufacturing cost and maintenance cost low, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and high power generation efficiency can be maintained over a long time.
If the short side width of the solar cell is too large, the price of the solar cell is high and the cost is high. On the other hand, if the size is too small, the price of the solar cell can be reduced, but there is a negative effect that the ratio that the reflected light from the trough reflector cannot be used increases. Therefore, it is desirable to be within the above range.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The solar cell is
In the cross section of the trough reflector, the trough reflector is installed at an angle orthogonal to the reflected light of the sunlight from a half position from the one end portion to the center portion on the release surface side.

The reflected light from the trough reflector needs to be efficiently applied to the solar cell. In this case, the most convenient is that the sunlight is irradiated at right angles to the solar cell.
However, in the case of a trough reflector, the cross section of the trough reflector forms a paraboloid, and the angle at which sunlight arriving from infinity is reflected by the trough reflector varies depending on the location of the trough reflector. It is not constant.

The shape of a general solar cell is a flat plate, and the ideal solar cell shape is to create a solar cell so that all reflected light is irradiated from a right angle direction according to the angular distribution of the reflected light. That is. Although it is not impossible to manufacture in such a shape, it is impossible and impossible to manufacture at a low cost.

Furthermore, since the solar cell is disposed at the focal position of the central position of the trough reflector in the trough reflector, this solar cell portion is only reflected on the reflector.
In a general solar cell, ideally, it is desirable to irradiate the entire solar cell with uniform sunlight. Therefore, in order to configure such a shadow portion not to affect the solar cell, this shadow portion It is necessary to devise the arrangement of solar cells avoiding the above.

For this reason, it is preferable to arrange a general flat solar cell so that the reflected light from each half of the cross section of the trough reflector is irradiated as evenly as possible.
The azimuth | direction which can generate electric power most efficiently about the installation angle of a solar cell is making it orthogonally cross with respect to the reflected light from the half position of the position from the edge part by the side of an open surface in the cross section of a trough-type reflective mirror.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The cooling means is a plate-like cooling plate;
The plate-like cooling plate is provided on the back surface of the solar cell.

Although the back surface of the solar cell is desirably water-cooled, the cooling means is preferably a plate-like cooling plate. By comprising in this way, the plate-shaped cooling plate can surely take away the heat of a solar cell, and desired power generation efficiency can be maintained.

Since the conversion efficiency increases as the temperature of the semiconductor substrate of the solar cell becomes lower, the power generation efficiency can be increased by increasing the cooling effect as much as possible. Nevertheless, if more cooling water is used than is necessary, the cost increases the overall power generation cost.

It is convenient if a large amount of cooling water can be used from rivers, lakes, etc., but if that is not possible, cool the hot water using a radiator, etc. used in automobiles, etc. to reduce power generation efficiency. It is preferable to suppress.

In this case, a large tank (container) is placed near the trough type solar energy power generation apparatus of the present invention, and the water stored inside is circulated and used as cooling water until the temperature becomes close to 50 ° C. At that point, the radiator should be activated.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The solar cell and the cooling means are integrally configured as a light collecting unit,
The condensing unit is provided with a rotation mechanism that rotates and reverses the condensing unit.

If the rotation mechanism is provided in this way, the sunlight can be condensed on the cooling means side, in addition to the case where the sunlight is condensed on the normal solar cell side.
Therefore, when warm water or high-temperature steam is required, the condensing unit can be inverted by the rotation mechanism, and the cooling means can be efficiently warmed to obtain warm water or high-temperature steam. Thereby, the trough type solar energy power generation device of the present invention can be used as both the power generation device and the hot water production device.
Furthermore, when high-temperature steam is obtained, power may be separately generated using a steam turbine, and may be used as a so-called solar power generator.

If hot water is obtained, it can be used for cooking, bathing, floor heating, etc., and solar energy can be used extremely efficiently as a whole. Furthermore, if the water in the tank installed near the farmhouse is similarly circulated and used as cooling water to heat to about 50 ° C and used for warming the farmhouse, it has been used in large quantities until then. The consumption of fuel can be dramatically reduced.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The trough-type reflecting mirror is provided on a gantry.
If the trough-type reflecting mirror is provided on the gantry in this way, it is preferable because the trough-type solar energy power generation device can be easily installed and the maintainability is good.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
Between the gantry and the trough reflector,
An elevating mechanism for placing the trough reflector on the gantry and for lowering the trough reflector from the gantry is provided.

If an elevating mechanism is provided in this way, the trough reflector can be lowered from the gantry to facilitate maintenance, and when trough solar energy power generation equipment is predicted to be damaged, such as storms, The trough reflector can be easily lowered from the gantry. In addition, since it can be quickly restored to the original state even after it is lowered, the trough solar energy power generation device can be stopped to a minimum even during maintenance, etc., and can be operated efficiently.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The distance from the bottom of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the reflector to the focal position is T1, the distance in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the reflector is d1,
When the distance from the bottom of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover to the focal position is T2, and the distance in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover is d2,
It is characterized by satisfy | filling the relationship of T2 / d2 <T1 / d1.

With this setting, when the trough reflector receives wind, a force is applied to lift the reflector located below, but the transparent cover located above is pushed downward. Therefore, when the upper and lower forces are added, the force pushed down is superior, improving resistance to wind and minimizing the influence of wind.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
A windshield curtain is suspended from four side edges constituting the release surface side of the trough reflector.

If configured in this way, it is possible to more reliably prevent the trough reflector from being lifted by wind entering the reflector side.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The trough reflector is
A D-shaped frame having a curved parabolic section, and
A plurality of connecting frames that connect the curved surfaces of the D-shaped frame and the D-shaped frame;
A substantially rectangular reflecting plate having both end portions and a plane portion connected to each of the curved surface portion and the plurality of connecting frames of the D-shaped frame;
Comprising at least
The D-shaped frame is
A strip,
A standing structure erected from a substantially central portion of the belt-shaped plate;
A plurality of horizontal structures arranged so as to intersect the upright structure vertically;
With
The strip plate is supported by both end portions of each of the plurality of horizontal structures and the base end portion of the standing structure, and the curved plate portion of the D-shaped frame is configured by the strip plate. And

Such trough-type reflectors can create a highly accurate cross-sectional parabolic shape with an extremely simple structure, greatly reducing manufacturing costs and greatly increasing the total cost of solar energy power generation using this. Can be reduced.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
An end of the connecting frame is connected to ends of the plurality of horizontal structures constituting the D-shaped frame.
If comprised in this way, a strong frame structure can be obtained with the standing structure, the horizontal structure, and the connecting frame.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generator of the present invention is
The reflection plate is composed of a plurality of reflection division bodies, and the adjacent reflection division bodies are connected to each other by a connecting belt-like plate.

If configured in this way, for example, when a part of the connecting strip-like plate is broken, it can be easily replaced, and the maintainability is good. Moreover, since the whole size at the time of decomposition | disassembly can be made small, the cost required for conveyance can also be suppressed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a large amount of electric energy by performing condensing using an inexpensive and highly efficient trough-type reflector and efficiently using an expensive solar cell. Reduction can be realized.

In addition, the entire trough reflector is covered with a transparent film, so that it can be used stably for a long time even when used outdoors, reducing maintenance costs and achieving a significant reduction in overall power generation costs. be able to.

Furthermore, since the cooling water used for cooling the solar cell is heated, a large amount of hot water is obtained, and solar energy can be used with extremely high efficiency by effectively using this.

In the trough reflector, the distance from the bottom of the cross-section parabolic shape of the trough reflector to the focal position is T1, the distance in the width direction of the cross-section parabolic shape of the trough reflector is d1, and the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover is If the distance from the bottom to the focal position is T2, and the distance in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover is d2, the manufacturing cost can be kept low by configuring it to satisfy the relationship of T2 / d2 <T1 / d1. Can withstand wind.

Moreover, the trough type solar energy power generation device that can also serve as a hot water production device together with the power generation device can be provided by the rotation mechanism.

Furthermore, by having the configuration of the trough reflector described above, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost, the installation cost, and the maintenance cost, and to achieve a high light collection efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a trough solar energy power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a transparent film winding device. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the trough reflector shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a rotation mechanism of the light collecting unit. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an operating state of the rotating mechanism shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 (a) is a view showing a state where sunlight is condensed on the solar cell side, and FIG. (b) is the figure which showed the state which has condensed sunlight on the cooling means side. FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining an elevating mechanism using a wire. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an operating state of the elevating mechanism shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining an elevating mechanism using a jack. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an operating state of the lifting mechanism shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a windshield curtain. FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a trough reflector used in the trough solar energy power generator of the present invention. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the trough reflector shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view for explaining the manufacturing procedure of the trough-type reflecting mirror. FIG. 14 is a perspective view for explaining the procedure for manufacturing the trough reflector. FIG. 15 is a perspective view for explaining the manufacturing procedure of the trough reflector. FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view for explaining another embodiment of the trough reflector. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for describing a connection structure of reflection division bodies of a trough reflector. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a strip-shaped reflector is added to the connection structure of the reflection division bodies of the trough reflector.

Hereinafter, embodiments (examples) of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
The trough-type solar energy power generation device of the present invention efficiently collects sunlight using a trough-type (rain gutter-type) reflector and efficiently generates power with a solar cell installed at the focal position of the trough-type reflector. Is to do.

As shown in FIG. 1, a trough solar energy power generation apparatus 10 according to the present invention includes a trough reflector 12 having a parabolic cross section for concentrating sunlight at a predetermined condensing position, and the trough reflector. 12, a solar cell 14 that is installed at the focal position of sunlight and converts the condensed sunlight directly into electric power, a cooling means 16 that is provided on the back surface of the solar cell 14 and cools the solar cell 14, a trough And a transparent film 18 covering the open surface 80 side (concave surface side) of the mold reflecting mirror 12.

The transparent film 18 is for preventing dust and the like from adhering to the open surface 80 of the trough reflector 12 and lowering the power generation efficiency, and is preferably provided via the support 36.
Thus, the transparent film 18 can be pasted without bending through the support 36.

Here, the interval between the supports 36 may be arbitrary, but if the interval is too narrow, the sunlight shielding effect is increased and the light collection efficiency is deteriorated. If the interval is too wide, the transparent film 18 is bent, May be beaten by the wind. In addition, the support body 36 can make the influence of a wind small by making high the center part by the side of the open surface 80 of the trough-type reflective mirror 12, ie, making it arch shape.

The transparent film 18 may be replaced periodically or after it becomes dirty. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the transparent film 18 is wound around one side of the trough reflector 12. And a winding device 72 on the other side of the trough reflector 12 so that when the transparent film 18 becomes dirty, the new transparent film 18 is immediately unwound from the wound body 74. It is preferable that it can be used.

In addition, the transparent film 18 is not limited to the form provided with the winding body 74 and the winding device 72 as in the above-described embodiment, and a film processed into a predetermined size is prepared and replaced whenever it becomes dirty. It may be made to do.

The material of the transparent film 18 is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency. For example, a fluorine film, an acrylic film, an ionomer (IO) film, a polyethylene (PE) film, polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) film, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) film, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, polypropylene film (PP) film, polycarbonate (PC) film, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) ) Film, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) film, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA) film, etc., among which a fluorine film is preferred.

Further, in the trough type solar energy power generation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell 14 installed in the sunlight collecting position by the trough type reflecting mirror 12 is composed of crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide). It is preferable to use a cell made of a cell made of a material such as an inorganic compound such as GaAs (gallium arsenide) or an organic compound such as an organic dye or a conductive polymer.

The outer shape of the solar cell 14 is not particularly limited, and for example, a rectangular shape can be used.
On the other hand, the cooling means 16 for cooling the back surface of the solar cell 14 is a plate-like cooling plate as shown in FIG. 3, and this plate-like cooling plate is arranged on the back surface of the solar cell 14. Yes.
In addition, the solar cell 14 and the cooling means 16 are comprised integrally, and the light collection unit 38 is comprised.

As shown in FIG. 4, the condensing unit 38 is provided with a rotation mechanism 46 that rotates the condensing unit 38 in the direction of the arrow and reverses it.
By using this rotating mechanism 46, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), sunlight is condensed on the solar cell 14 side, or as shown in FIG. 5 (b), on the cooling means 16 side. It can be used selectively, such as collecting sunlight. In addition, the arrow in FIG. 5 is the sunlight reflected by the trough-type reflecting mirror 12.

The plate-like cooling plate is formed with a water supply passage 48 for flowing cooling water, and the water supply passage 48 is separately provided with a liquid supply means (not shown) for flowing cooling water. Such a water supply path 48 is provided in accordance with the extending direction of the trough-type reflecting mirror 12 (left-right direction in FIG. 5).
Moreover, about the material of a plate-shaped cooling plate, aluminum and copper with favorable heat conductivity are preferable, and aluminum is suitable in view of cost and productivity.

The role of the rotation mechanism 46 is to collect sunlight on the cooling means 16 side, other than when collecting sunlight on the normal solar cell 14 side, and requires hot water or high-temperature steam. In such a case, the condensing unit 38 can be reversed by the rotating mechanism 46, and the cooling water of the cooling means 16 can be efficiently warmed to obtain hot water or high-temperature steam.

Note that when the cooling means 16 is warmed, the solar cell 14 on the opposite side does not receive sunlight, so that it does not become hot water or more. Therefore, the solar cell 14 does not become defective due to high temperature.

By using such a rotation mechanism 46, the trough solar energy power generation device 10 of the present invention can be used as both a power generation device and a hot water production device.
Furthermore, when high-temperature steam is obtained, power may be separately generated using a steam turbine (not shown) and used as a so-called solar thermal power generator.

The water supply path 48 of the cooling means 16 is preferably formed by directly drilling a plate-shaped cooling plate, but is not particularly limited. For example, a stainless tube or an iron tube is formed in a hole formed in the plate-shaped cooling plate. , Plastic tube etc. may be inserted and used.
The cooling water is not particularly limited as long as it has fluidity, and for example, antifreeze, fresh water, rainwater, or the like is used. As will be described later, fresh water is preferred when the cooling water is heated and then used for another purpose. In mountainous areas, water may be pumped from a lake or the like.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the surface of the plate-like cooling plate is blackened. By performing such treatment, it is possible to efficiently absorb solar heat and obtain hot water.

Further, the solar cell 14 may be directly attached to the outer surface of the plate-like cooling plate, but is not limited to this, for example, by interposing a high thermal conductivity material (not shown) between both members. The solar cell 14 may be efficiently cooled. A known material may be used as the high thermal conductivity material, and for example, carbon is preferably used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the short side width t of the solar cell 14 attached to the outer surface of the plate-shaped cooling plate is 1 to 10 of the distance d1 in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the trough reflector 12. The size is preferably in the range of%, and more preferably in the range of 3 to 5%.

When the size of the short side width t of the solar cell 14 is too large, the price of the solar cell 14 is high and the cost is high. On the other hand, if it is too small, the price of the solar cell 14 can be reduced, but the ratio at which the reflected light from the trough reflector 12 cannot be used increases. Therefore, it is preferable to set within the above range.

Regarding the installation of the solar cell 14, the direction in which the most efficient power generation is possible is the reflected light from the half position C from the end position A to the center position B on the open surface 80 side in the section of the trough reflector 12. The solar cell 14 is installed so as to be orthogonal.

By installing in this way, the solar cell 14 can be efficiently irradiated with the light reflected by the trough reflector 12.

The trough solar energy power generation apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a gantry 70 for supporting the trough reflector 12. The material of the gantry 70 is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined strength is ensured, and may be made of wood or metal.

Further, between the gantry 70 and the trough reflector 12, an elevating mechanism 44 for placing the trough reflector 12 on the gantry 70 and for lowering the trough reflector 12 from the gantry 70 is provided. preferable.

The lifting mechanism 44 is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a structure in which one side of the trough reflector 12 is lifted by a wire 64 and the trough reflector 12 is inclined, As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is preferable to use a structure in which the trough reflector 12 is moved up and down using a jack 66.

By providing the elevating mechanism 44 in this way, the trough reflector 12 can be lowered from the gantry 70 for easy maintenance, and when the trough solar energy power generation device 10 is predicted to be damaged by a storm or the like. In this case, the trough reflector 12 can be easily lowered from the gantry 70 to cope with the problem. Further, since it can be quickly restored to the original state even when lowered, the trough solar energy power generation device 10 can be stopped at a minimum even in maintenance, etc., and can be operated efficiently.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the trough type reflecting mirror 12 has a distance T1 from the bottom 78 of the parabolic cross section of the trough type reflecting mirror 12 to the focal position a1, and the width direction of the cross section parabolic shape of the trough type reflecting mirror 12. The distance from the bottom 34 of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent film 18 to the focal position a2 is T2, and the distance in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent film 18 is d2, where T2 / d2 <T1 / It is configured to satisfy the relationship of d1.
That is, the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the trough-type reflecting mirror 12 draws a curve equal to or greater than the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent film 18.

With this setting, when the trough reflector 12 receives wind from the side (left and right in FIG. 3), the trough reflector 12 positioned below is applied with a force that lifts upward. The transparent film 18 positioned at is applied with a force to be pushed downward.

Therefore, when the upper and lower forces generated by the wind are added together, the force pushed downward is superior, the resistance to the wind is improved, and the influence of the wind can be minimized.

As shown in FIG. 10, the trough reflector 12 may have windbreak curtains 60 hung on the four side edges 76 constituting the open surface 80 side of the trough reflector 12. It is.

Thus, if the windbreak curtain 60 is provided, it is possible to more reliably prevent the wind from entering the trough reflector 12 located below and the trough reflector 12 from being lifted.

Note that the windbreak curtain 60 may be suspended by its own weight, but it is more preferable to provide the weight member 62 at the lower end. The weight members 62 are connected to each other or fixed to the gantry 70 or the like, so that the windbreak curtain 60 can be prevented from fluttering due to wind.

The material of the windbreak curtain 60 is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of vinyl which has resistance against rain and wind and is easy to handle.
Such a trough-type reflecting mirror 12 can be suitably used for the trough-type solar energy power generation apparatus 10.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the trough-type reflecting mirror 12 is provided with a D-shaped frame 20 having a curved parabolic section 28 and a D-shaped frame 20 spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. A plurality of connecting frames 30 that connect the curved surface portions 28 of the letter-shaped frame 20 and the D-shaped frame 20, and both end portions and plane portions on the curved surface portions 28 and the plurality of connecting frames 30 of the D-shaped frame 20. And a substantially rectangular reflecting plate 40 to which a part of each is connected.

The thickness of the reflector 40 is preferably about 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
The D-shaped frame 20 includes a strip-shaped plate 22, a standing structure 24 that is erected from a substantially central portion of the strip-shaped plate 22, and a plurality of horizontal structures that are disposed so that the standing structure 24 intersects vertically. The structure 26 is provided. The strip plate 22 preferably has a width of about 3 to 5 cm and a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm.

And the strip | belt-shaped board 22 is supported by the both ends of each of the some horizontal structure 26, and the base end part of the standing structure 24, The curved-surface part 28 of the D-shaped frame 20 is comprised by this strip | belt-shaped board 22, This The curved surface portion 28 defines the curvature of the reflecting surface of the trough reflector 12.

The trough-type reflecting mirror 12 thus constructed has a very simplified structure and has a small number of components, so that the manufacturing cost required for the trough-type reflecting mirror 12 can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art.

Here, the material of the reflecting plate 40 is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal that can efficiently reflect sunlight, and for example, a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel or an alloy containing these metals can be used. In order to reduce manufacturing costs, it is preferable to use aluminum.

Further, the surface of the reflector 40 (sunlight reflecting surface) is preferably subjected to a surface treatment such as chemical polishing or electrolytic polishing so as to exhibit high reflection performance.
On the other hand, the material of the standing structure 24 and the horizontal structure 26 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having high strength. For example, a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel or an alloy containing these metals is used. Can do. In order to reduce manufacturing costs, it is preferable to use aluminum.

Such a trough reflector 12 can reduce the manufacturing cost, the installation cost, and the maintenance cost, and can achieve a high light collection efficiency.
Next, the manufacturing procedure of such a trough reflector 12 will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 13, the D-shaped frames 20 are provided at a predetermined interval.
Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the D-shaped frame 20 and the curved surface portions 28 of the D-shaped frame 20 are connected by a connecting frame 30. Specifically, a framework is formed in which the ends of the plurality of horizontal structures 26 and the ends of the connection frame 30 are connected, and the ends of the standing structure 24 and the ends of the connection frame 30 are connected.

Next, as shown in FIG. 15, a substantially square reflecting plate 40 is disposed on the framework formed in FIG. The size of the reflector 40 is defined so as to fit between the D-shaped frame 20 and the D-shaped frame 20.

The trough reflector 12 shown in FIG. 11 is obtained by superimposing the reflector 40 on the framework formed in FIG. 14 and fixing the framework and the reflector 40.
In addition, the reflecting plate 40 of the trough-type reflecting mirror 12 may be one in which a plurality of reflecting division bodies 42 are connected as shown in FIG. The width of each reflective divided body 42 is preferably about 100 to 150 cm, for example.

Although the connection method of the reflective division bodies 42 is not particularly limited, for example, as shown in FIG. 17, it is preferable to connect via the connecting strip plate 50.
In this case, the reflective divided body 42 and the reflective divided body 42 are not directly connected by the connecting strip-shaped plate 50, but a washer 52 is provided between the connecting strip-shaped plate 50 and the pressing member 54. It is preferable that the reflection division body 42 is positioned in the gap formed by the washer 52 by tightening with the fastening member 56.

That is, since the reflective division bodies 42 are thermally expanded at high temperatures in the daytime and change their dimensions, it is preferable to connect them with a certain gap without directly fixing each other. .

Note that when the connecting strip-shaped plate 50 is used, the sunlight collecting efficiency is reduced by the area of the pressing member 54, so that a new one is formed on the pressing member 54 as shown in FIG. It is preferable to provide a band-shaped reflector 58 on the surface of the band-shaped reflector 58 so that sunlight can be collected at the portion of the band-shaped reflector 58. The strip-shaped reflecting plate 58 can be made of the same material as the reflecting plate 40 described above.

Moreover, in the trough type solar energy power generation device 10 of the present invention, a large amount of hot water is obtained by concentrating sunlight on the cooling means 16 using the rotation mechanism 46, and therefore when this hot water is reused. For example, it is preferable to cool using an automobile radiator and use it again as cooling water.

In addition to using a large amount of warm water for other purposes such as cooking, bathing, floor heating, etc., it is also used for heating agricultural houses that use large amounts of heating fuel. Is also good. In this case, the overall efficiency is extremely high, and the total cost can be suppressed.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a solar tracking device that tracks the direction of the trough reflector according to the position of the sun may be provided separately. Further, all or a part of the functions of the winding device, the rotation mechanism, the lifting mechanism, and the windshield curtain may be selectively provided, and various modifications may be made without departing from the object of the present invention. And can be combined.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Trough type solar energy power generation device 12 Trough type reflector 14 Solar cell 16 Cooling means 18 Transparent film 20 D-shaped frame 22 Strip plate 24 Standing structure 26 Horizontal structure 28 Curved portion 30 Connecting frame 32 Support 34 Transparent film Bottom part 36 support 38 condensing unit 40 reflecting plate 42 reflecting divided body 44 elevating mechanism 46 rotating mechanism 48 water supply channel 50 connecting strip plate 52 washer 54 holding member 56 fastening member 58 strip reflector 60 windbreak curtain 62 weight member 64 Wire 66 Jack 70 Base 72 Winding device 74 Winding body 76 End side 78 Trough-type reflector bottom 80 Open surface a1 Trough-type reflector focus position a2 Transparent film focus position A End position B Center position C End From position to center Half position d1 Distance in the width direction of the trough reflector d2 Distance t in the width direction of the transparent film Short side width T1 Distance T2 from the bottom of the trough reflector to the focal position a1 From the bottom of the transparent film to the focal position a2 distance

Claims

A concentrating trough solar power generation device for generating electricity using sunlight,
The trough-type solar energy power generator is
A trough reflector having a parabolic cross section for collecting the sunlight; and
A solar cell that is installed at the focal position of the sunlight by the trough reflector and directly converts the concentrated sunlight into electric power;
Cooling means for cooling the solar cell;
A transparent film covering the release surface side of the trough reflector,
A trough-type solar energy power generation device comprising:
The short side width of the solar cell is
The trough solar energy power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the trough solar energy power generation device is within a range of 1 to 10% of a diameter on a release surface side of the trough reflector.
The solar cell is
The cross section of the trough reflector is installed at an angle perpendicular to the reflected light of the sunlight from a position that is half of the position from one end to the center of the release surface. Item 3. The trough solar energy power generation device according to item 1 or 2.
The cooling means is a plate-like cooling plate;
The trough solar energy power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plate-like cooling plate is disposed on a back surface of the solar cell.
The solar cell and the cooling means are integrally configured as a light collecting unit,
The trough solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the concentrating unit is provided with a rotating mechanism that rotates and reverses the condensing unit.
The trough-type solar energy power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the trough-type reflector is provided on a gantry.
Between the gantry and the trough reflector,
The trough-type solar energy power generator according to claim 6, further comprising an elevating mechanism for placing the trough reflector on the gantry and for lowering the trough reflector from the gantry.
The distance from the bottom of the parabolic cross section of the trough reflector to the focal position is T1, and the distance in the width direction of the cross parabolic shape of the trough reflector is d1,
When the distance from the bottom of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover to the focal position is T2, and the distance in the width direction of the cross-sectional parabolic shape of the transparent cover is d2,
The trough solar energy power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the trough solar energy power generator is configured to satisfy a relationship of T2 / d2 <T1 / d1.
The trough solar energy power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein windbreak curtains are suspended from four side edges constituting the release surface side of the trough reflector.
The trough reflector is
A D-shaped frame having a curved parabolic section, and
A plurality of connecting frames that connect the curved surfaces of the D-shaped frame and the D-shaped frame;
A substantially rectangular reflecting plate having both end portions and a plane portion connected to each of the curved surface portion and the plurality of connecting frames of the D-shaped frame;
Comprising at least
The D-shaped frame is
A strip,
A standing structure erected from a substantially central portion of the belt-shaped plate;
A plurality of horizontal structures arranged so as to intersect the upright structure vertically;
With
The strip plate is supported by both end portions of each of the plurality of horizontal structures and the base end portion of the standing structure, and the curved plate portion of the D-shaped frame is configured by the strip plate. The trough solar energy power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
The trough-type solar energy power generator according to claim 10, wherein an end of the connecting frame is connected to an end of the plurality of horizontal structures constituting the D-shaped frame.
The trough solar energy power generator according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the reflecting plate is composed of a plurality of reflecting divided bodies, and the adjacent reflecting divided bodies are connected by a connecting belt-like plate. .