JP2016090215A - Low temperature thermal decomposition treatment furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low temperature thermal decomposition treatment furnace in which an amount of supply of magnetization air can be made uniform and organic matter can be positively thermally decomposed.SOLUTION: A low temperature thermal decomposition treatment furnace 100 comprises: a hollow rectangular parallelepiped organic matter decomposition tank 3 having at its upper surface an organic matter feeding port and at its lower surface magnetization air supply plate 5 so as to thermally decompose an organic matter fed from the organic matter feeding port at low temperature; a magnetization air tank 2 arranged below the magnetization air supply plate to supply magnetization air to the organic matter decomposition tank through the magnetization air supply plate; an air magnetization device for supplying magnetization air to the magnetization air tank; a decomposition ash accumulated depth adjustment mechanism for adjusting an accumulation depth of decomposed ash accumulated at the bottom surface of the organic matter decomposition tank constant; a decomposition ash discharging mechanism for discharging the surplus decomposition ash accumulated at the bottom surface of the organic matter decomposition tank; a gas discharging facility for discharging gas generated in the organic matter decomposition tank; and a counter-flow prevention mechanism installed at a decomposition ash discharging port of the decomposition ash discharging mechanism to prevent the surrounding air from counter-flowing into the organic matter decomposition tank.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace that decomposes organic matter that is waste at a low temperature (for example, less than 400 degrees Celsius).

The present applicant has already proposed a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace that thermally decomposes an organic substance at a low temperature in order to prevent generation of dioxins as a method for treating the organic substance (for example, Patent Document 1).
The furnace includes an organic substance decomposition tank formed in the outer tank, an air chamber separated from the organic substance decomposition tank at a lower portion of the outer tank, a feeding means for supplying magnetic air to the air chamber, an organic substance decomposition tank, An air supply hole that communicates with the air chamber, a flange that covers an upper portion of the air supply hole, and a guide member that protrudes below the air supply hole are provided.
The lower part of the organic matter decomposition tank is provided with a discharge path leading to the outside of the outer tank, the air chamber has a swash plate that partitions the organic matter decomposition tank and the air chamber, and the swash plate is installed at the center of the bottom of the organic matter decomposition tank. Inclined toward the discharge path.

  The above structure aims to reliably and efficiently decompose organic substances while suppressing the generation of non-combustible substances.

JP 2014-94326 A

  However, since the bottom surface of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the above proposal has a V-shaped structure, decomposed ash (ceramic ash) generated by pyrolyzing organic matter is deposited on the bottom surface with a uniform thickness. In other words, the thickness of the deposited layer is thin at both ends of the bottom surface and thick at the center of the bottom surface.

As a result, the magnetic air supplied from the air supply holes provided on the bottom surface cannot be uniformly supplied into the organic matter decomposition tank.
For this reason, the oxygen concentration is not uniform in the organic matter decomposition tank, and there arises a problem that it is difficult to reliably thermally decompose the organic matter.

  That is, the organic matter burns at both ends where a large amount of magnetic air is supplied, and the organic matter is discharged from the bottom without being thermally decomposed at the center of the bottom where only a small amount of magnetic air is supplied. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a low-temperature pyrolysis furnace that can uniformly supply the magnetic air into the organic matter decomposition tank and can reliably thermally decompose the organic matter. Objective.

  The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention has an organic matter inlet on the upper surface, a magnetic air supply plate on the lower surface, and a hollow cuboid-shaped organic matter decomposition tank that thermally decomposes organic matter introduced from the organic matter inlet, A magnetic air tank disposed under the magnetic air supply plate for supplying magnetic air to the organic matter decomposition tank via the magnetic air supply plate, an air magnetizing device for supplying magnetic air to the magnetic air tank, and a bottom surface of the organic matter decomposition tank Decomposition ash deposition depth adjustment mechanism that adjusts the deposition depth of the decomposed ash to deposit, a decomposition ash discharge mechanism that discharges excess decomposed ash deposited on the bottom of the organic matter decomposition tank, and an organic matter decomposition tank Backflow prevention installed at the decomposition ash discharge port of the decomposition ash discharge mechanism to prevent the air from flowing back to the organic matter decomposition tank installed at the decomposition ash discharge port of the gas discharge facility and the decomposition ash discharge mechanism And a mechanism.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can reliably perform low-temperature pyrolysis of organic substances in the organic substance decomposition tank.

  The low-temperature pyrolysis treatment furnace according to the present invention is a plurality of cracked ash volume depth adjusting screws in which the cracked ash accumulation depth adjusting mechanism is installed in parallel with one side of the magnetic air supply plate.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can maintain the deposition depth of cracked ash at a predetermined temperature or higher and remove cracked ash at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature.

  The low-temperature pyrolysis treatment furnace according to the present invention is a cracked ash discharge screw in which a cracked ash discharge mechanism is installed at both ends of the cracked ash amount adjusting screw at right angles to the cracked ash amount adjusting screw.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can reliably discharge excess cracked ash having a temperature lower than a predetermined temperature.

  The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention is a shut-off rotary valve in which a backflow prevention mechanism is installed at the cracked ash discharge port of the cracked ash discharge screw.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can prevent the unmagnetized air from flowing into the organic matter decomposition tank regardless of whether or not the decomposition ash is being discharged.

  In the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention, the magnetic air supply plate extends below the upper end of the first magnetic air gap plate and the first magnetic air gap plate extending obliquely upward from the lower end toward the upper end. Between the lower end of the second magnetic air gap plate and the second magnetic air gap plate, the second magnetic air gap plate extending obliquely downward from the upper end to the lower end disposed with a gap therebetween And a screw storage groove for storing the cracked ash amount adjusting screw.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can deposit cracked ash at a uniform depth and always supply magnetic air into the organic matter decomposition tank.

  In the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention, the first cracked ash amount adjusting screw and the second cracked ash amount adjusting screw in which the cracked ash amount adjusting screw rotates in opposite directions are alternately arranged.

  With this configuration, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention can reliably maintain the deposition depth of cracked ash constant.

  According to the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention, the organic matter is reliably subjected to low-temperature pyrolysis while suppressing the generation of dioxins, and the organic matter is reduced to 1/10 by weight or 1/100 by volume. Is possible.

It is a front sectional view (a) and a side sectional view (b) of an embodiment of a low temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing (a) of the low-temperature pyrolysis processing furnace lower part of embodiment of the low-temperature pyrolysis processing furnace based on this invention, and a partial expansion perspective view (b). It is sectional drawing of the low-temperature pyrolysis ash discharge part comprised in the lower part of an organic substance processing tank. It is sectional drawing (a) and bottom view (b) of the magnetic case with which two or more are attached to the bottom face of a magnetic air tank. It is a warm-up operation flowchart for warming up the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace. It is a normal operation flowchart of a low-temperature pyrolysis treatment furnace.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view (a) and a side sectional view (b) of an embodiment of a low temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (a) and a partially enlarged perspective view (b) of the lower part of the low temperature pyrolysis furnace of the embodiment of the low temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention.

That is, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 according to the present invention has a structure in which the magnetic air tank 2 is stacked in the lower part of the hollow rectangular parallelepiped outer box 1 and the organic substance decomposition tank 3 is stacked in the upper part.
The organic matter decomposition tank 3 and the magnetic air tank 2 are partitioned by a magnetic air supply plate 5. The upper surface of the organic matter decomposition tank 3 is covered with a lower opening / closing lid 15.
The organic substance decomposition tank 3 is provided with an opening plate 7 so that initial fuel such as soot can be directly supplied to the organic substance decomposition tank 3 during the warm-up operation.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic air supply plate 5 that partitions the organic matter decomposition tank 3 and the magnetic air tank 2 includes a first magnetic air gap plate 51 that extends diagonally right (or left), and a first magnetic air. Each of a second magnetic air gap plate 52 extending from the lower side of the upper end of the gap plate 51 to the right (or left) with a gap therebetween, and the first magnetic air gap plate 51 and the second magnetic air gap plate 52, respectively. And a screw storage groove 53 arranged between the lower ends of the two.

The tip of the second magnetic air gap plate 52 is arranged with a gap below the tip of the first magnetic air gap plate 51 so that magnetic air is supplied into the organic matter decomposition tank 3 from the gap. It has become.
That is, the magnetic air supply plate 5 is flat as a whole, although it has fine irregularities, and has a structure that can uniformly supply magnetic air into the organic matter decomposition tank 3.

  When the organic matter is pyrolyzed at a low temperature in the organic matter decomposition tank 3, most of it is released into the atmosphere as a gas such as nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, etc., but a part of it is decomposed ash and the magnetic air supply plate 5 Deposit on top.

In order to reliably decompose the organic matter, not only the magnetic air is uniformly supplied into the organic matter decomposition tank 3, but also the thickness of the decomposed ash deposited on the magnetic air supply plate 5 is maintained at a predetermined depth. is necessary.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the decomposition of the organic matter, it is also necessary that the decomposed ash is at a predetermined temperature or higher, so that it is necessary to sequentially discharge the organic matter decomposition tank 3 from the lower side of the accumulated decomposed ash.
Here, the predetermined temperature is the temperature of cracked ash that can maintain low-temperature pyrolysis without applying heat energy from the outside, and means a temperature of 150 to 180 degrees Celsius.

Therefore, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 according to the present invention includes a cracked ash deposition depth adjustment mechanism for adjusting the deposition depth of cracked ash to a constant and a cracked ash discharge mechanism for discharging cracked ash. .
The decomposition ash accumulation depth adjusting mechanism may be any mechanism that can scrape the lower side of the decomposition ash to a predetermined depth, but in this embodiment, the decomposition ash accumulation depth adjusting screw 9 is employed.
Further, the cracked ash discharge mechanism uses a cracked ash discharge screw 8 in this embodiment as long as the cracked ash scraped by the cracked ash accumulation depth adjusting mechanism can be discharged out of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100. Yes.

As the cracked ash accumulation depth adjustment mechanism, a mechanism that reciprocates a cutting plate that scrapes the lower part of the cracked ash at a predetermined thickness, or a mechanism that reciprocates a cylindrical rod with a triangular wing attached around it, etc. can do.
Moreover, a belt conveyor etc. can be applied as a decomposition ash discharge | emission mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cracked ash discharge portion configured at the lower part of the organic matter decomposition tank 3.
The cracked ash discharge part is disposed below the both ends of the plurality of cracked ash accumulation depth adjusting screws 9 stored in the screw storage grooves 53 that open toward the organic matter decomposition tank 3 and the cracked ash volume depth adjusting screw 9. And the decomposed ash discharge screw 8.

The cracked ash deposition depth adjusting screw 9 is configured such that adjacent cracked ash deposition depth adjusting screws 9 rotate in opposite directions.
The two cracked ash discharge screws 8 are disposed at the lower ends of both ends of the cracked ash volume depth adjusting screw 9 in a direction perpendicular to the cracked ash accumulation depth adjusting screw 9, and are conveyed to the ends by the cracked ash volume depth adjusting screw 9. The decomposed ash is discharged to the outside of the outer box 1.

The cracked ash discharge port of the cracked ash discharge screw 8 prevents backflow that prevents unmagnetized air from flowing into the organic matter decomposition tank 3 from the discharge port not only when the discharge port is closed but also when it is open. It is necessary to install a mechanism.
In this embodiment, the shutoff rotary valve 10 is applied as a backflow prevention mechanism.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (a) and a bottom view (b) of the magnetic case 20 attached to the bottom surface of the magnetic air tank 2, and includes a magnetic case flange 201, a magnetic case outer cylinder 202, and a permanent magnet 203. Composed.

That is, the upper end of the magnetic case outer cylinder 202 is attached to the magnetic case flange 201, and the other end is open to the atmosphere. For example, four permanent magnets 203 having a magnetic flux density of about 6,000 to 10,000 gauss are arranged inside the magnetic case outer cylinder 202 to magnetize oxygen contained in the atmosphere sucked into the magnetic case outer cylinder 202.
In addition, it can magnetize efficiently by attaching the permanent magnet 203 inside a magnetic case.

A magnetic air supply port 204 is bored in the center of the magnetic case flange 201 so that magnetic air is supplied to the magnetic air tank 2.
In addition, it is preferable to use a magnetic body as a member of the part which comprises the flow path of magnetic air.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an upper storage part 12 is provided on the upper part of the lower opening / closing lid 15, and the upper surface of the upper storage part 12 is covered with an upper opening / closing lid 13 that is opened and closed by an upper opening / closing jack 14. .

As shown in FIG. 1, an exhaust pipe 21 is attached to the upper part of the organic matter decomposition tank 3, and exhaust gas generated in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 is discharged.
The exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the magnetic air blower 17 via the smoke purifier 18, and exhaust gas from which tar and the like are removed by the smoke purifier 18 is exhausted to the atmosphere.

A magnetic air adjusting valve 16 is disposed downstream of the magnetic air exhauster 17 so that the amount of exhaust gas can be adjusted.
A flue shielding plate 4 is installed inside the side plate of the organic matter decomposition tank 3 to prevent the organic matter in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 from flowing directly into the exhaust pipe 21.

The organic matter decomposition tank 3 has an organic substance decomposition tank temperature sensor 24 for measuring the atmospheric temperature in the tank at the upper part, an organic substance sensor 11 for sensing organic substances in the middle part, and a decomposition ash temperature at the lower part. A decomposition ash temperature sensor 40 for detecting the above is installed.
Furthermore, the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 is installed via a weight measurement sensor 50 that is a load cell, for example, in order to detect the degree of decomposition of organic matter.

Next, an operation method of the low temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an initial operation method for preheating the low temperature pyrolysis furnace 100.

First, the opening plate 7 attached to the side plate of the organic matter decomposition tank is released, and the soot is put into the organic matter decomposition tank 3 (step W1).
Next, the upper open / close lid 13 is opened, and an organic substance having a moisture content of 50% or less is put into the upper storage tank 12 (step W2).
Thereafter, the lower opening / closing lid 15 is opened, and the organic matter is dropped onto the basket in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 (step W3).

Next, the upper opening / closing lid 13 and the lower opening / closing lid 15 are closed (step W4).
Next, the operation of the magnetic air exhauster 17 is started and the soot is ignited (step W5).
Then, the opening degree of the magnetic air adjustment valve is adjusted so that the temperature in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 is 250 degrees centigrade or more and 350 degrees centigrade or less (step W6).

Then, the low temperature thermal decomposition of the organic substance in the organic substance decomposition tank 3 starts, and warming up of the low temperature thermal decomposition treatment furnace 100 is started by the decomposition heat generated at that time (step W7).
Warm-up is completed when the low temperature thermal decomposition of the organic matter in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 has progressed and the organic matter sensor 11 no longer detects the organic matter (step W8).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a normal operation method of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100.
First, the temperature of the decomposed ash detected by the decomposed ash temperature sensor 40 installed in the decomposed ash discharge part at the lower part of the organic substance decomposition tank 3 is 150 degrees Celsius or more, and the organic substance sensor 11 does not detect the organic substance. (Step N1).

Next, the upper opening / closing lid 13 is opened, an organic substance is put into the upper storage tank 12, and the upper opening / closing lid 13 is closed (step N2).
Next, the lower opening / closing lid 11 is opened, and the organic matter is dropped into the organic matter decomposition tank 3 (step N3).
After confirming that the organic matter has fallen into the organic matter decomposition tank 3, the lower opening / closing lid is closed (step N4).
Then, the low-temperature pyrolysis of the organic matter starts by the heat of the cracked ash at the bottom of the organic matter cracking tank 3, most of which is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas and water vapor, and the rest as cracked ash at the bottom Deposit (Step N5).

During the low-temperature pyrolysis of the organic matter, the cracked ash volume depth adjusting screw 9 is appropriately operated so that the cracked ash is deposited at a uniform depth on the bottom surface.
Excess cracked ash is discharged out of the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 by the cracked ash discharge screw 8 (step N6).

When the decomposition of the organic matter progresses, the organic matter sensor 11 stops detecting the organic matter, and when it is determined from the measurement value of the weight measurement sensor 50 that the low-temperature thermal decomposition of the organic matter in the organic matter decomposition tank 3 is completed, one batch of treatment is completed. As a result (step N7), the process returns to step N2 to continue the processing.
In addition, about 10 hours are required for 1 batch process which thermally decomposes organic substance to about 1/50 by weight ratio or about 1/100 by volume ratio.

  As described above, in the low-temperature pyrolysis furnace 100 according to the present invention, the cracked ash is deposited at a uniform depth on the bottom of the organic matter decomposition tank 3, so that it is uniform from the magnetic air tank 2 into the organic matter decomposition tank 3. It becomes possible to supply magnetic air to the organic substance, and the organic matter can be reliably pyrolyzed at low temperature.

  Furthermore, since the gap for supplying magnetic air from the magnetic air tank 2 to the organic matter decomposition tank 3 is provided below the upper end of the first magnetic air gap plate 51, it is not blocked by the accumulation of decomposed ash. In addition, it is possible to reliably supply magnetic air and further promote low-temperature decomposition of organic substances.

  The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to the present invention is capable of low-temperature pyrolysis of organic matter that is waste while suppressing generation of dioxins, and is industrially useful.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer box 2 ... Magnetic air tank 3 ... Organic substance decomposition tank 4 ... Flue shielding plate 5 ... Magnetic air supply plate 7 ... Opening plate 8 ... Decomposition ash discharge screw 9 ... Decomposition ash volume depth adjusting screw 10 ... Shut-off rotary valve DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Organic substance sensor 12 ... Upper storage tank 13 ... Upper opening / closing lid 14 ... Upper opening / closing lid opening / closing jack 15 ... Lower opening / closing lid 16 ... Magnetic air adjustment valve 17 ... Magnetic air exhauster 18 ... Smoke purifier 20 ... Magnetic case 21 ... Exhaust Tube 24 ... Organic substance decomposition tank temperature sensor 40 ... Decomposition ash temperature sensor 50 ... Weight measurement sensor 51 ... First magnetic air gap plate 52 ... Second magnetic air gap plate 53 ... Screw storage groove 203 ... Permanent magnet

Claims (6)

An organic matter input port on the upper surface, a magnetic air supply plate on the lower surface, and a hollow rectangular parallelepiped-shaped organic matter decomposition tank that thermally decomposes organic matter charged from the organic matter input port,
A magnetic air tank disposed under the magnetic air supply plate and supplying magnetic air to the organic matter decomposition tank through the magnetic air supply plate;
An air magnetizing device for supplying magnetic air to the magnetic air tank;
A decomposition ash deposition depth adjusting mechanism for adjusting the deposition depth of the decomposed ash deposited on the bottom surface of the organic matter decomposition tank to a constant;
A decomposition ash discharge mechanism for discharging excess decomposition ash deposited on the bottom surface of the organic matter decomposition tank;
A gas discharge facility for exhausting gas generated in the organic matter decomposition tank;
A reverse flow prevention mechanism installed at the decomposition ash discharge port of the decomposition ash discharge mechanism and installed at the decomposition ash discharge port of the decomposition ash discharge mechanism in order to prevent air from flowing back to the organic matter decomposition tank Low temperature pyrolysis furnace.   2. The low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cracked ash accumulation depth adjusting mechanism is a plurality of cracked ash volume depth adjusting screws installed in parallel with one side of the magnetic air supply plate.   3. The low-temperature pyrolysis treatment according to claim 1, wherein the cracked ash discharge mechanism is a cracked ash discharge screw installed at both ends of the cracked ash amount adjusting screw at a right angle to the cracked ash amount adjusting screw. Furnace.   The low temperature pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the backflow prevention mechanism is a shut-off rotary valve installed at a cracked ash discharge port of the cracked ash discharge screw. The magnetic air supply plate is
A first magnetic air gap plate extending obliquely upward from the lower end toward the upper end;
A second magnetic air gap plate extending obliquely downward from the upper end to the lower end, with a gap disposed below the upper end of the first magnetic air gap plate;
5. A screw storage groove that is disposed between a lower end of the first magnetic air gap plate and a lower end of the second magnetic air gap plate and stores the cracked ash amount adjusting screw. The low-temperature pyrolysis treatment furnace according to any one of the above.   6. The cracked ash amount adjusting screw according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a first cracked ash amount adjusting screw and a second cracked ash amount adjusting screw that are rotated in opposite directions are alternately arranged. A low-temperature pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1.

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