JP2016069246A - Manufacturing method for glass substrate and manufacturing apparatus for glass substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a glass substrate that is decreased in the number of defects of an aggregate of platinum group metal and also decreased in the number of defects of bubbles even if the aggregate of platinum group metal is mixed with molten glass during a process of manufacturing the glass substrate.SOLUTION: A manufacturing method for a glass substrate comprises: as a process of processing molten glass by a glass processing device which has a wall, surrounding a vapor phase space, made at least partially of a material including platinum group metal, a molten glass processing process in which an aggregate of volatile matter of platinum group metal present in the vapor phase space and vaporizing from the wall is mixed as foreign matter; and an aggregate processing process of dissolving at least part of the aggregate mixed with the molten glass in the molten glass processing process in the molten glass. The ratio of the time when the aggregate processing process occupies the molten glass processing process is 30-85%, and the glass substrate has [Fe]/([Fe]+[Fe]) of 0.2-0.5 (where Fe] and [Fe] are mass percentage display contents of Fe, Fein the glass substrate).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass substrate manufacturing method and a glass substrate manufacturing apparatus.

Generally, a glass substrate is produced through a step of forming molten glass from a glass raw material, and then a step of forming the molten glass into a glass substrate through a clarification step and a homogenization step. By the way, in order to mass-produce high-quality glass substrates from high-temperature molten glass, consideration should be given so that foreign substances that cause defects in the glass substrate do not enter the molten glass from any glass processing apparatus that manufactures the glass substrate. It is desirable to do. For this reason, in the manufacturing process of a glass substrate, the wall of the member which contacts a molten glass needs to be comprised with an appropriate material according to the temperature of the molten glass which contacts the member, the quality of the required glass substrate, etc.
For example, since molten glass is produced at a very high temperature until it is supplied to the forming process after the molten glass is produced, the apparatus for melting, clarifying, supplying, and stirring the platinum, which is a platinum group metal having high heat resistance. The member to contain is used (for example, patent document 1).

JP 2010-111533 A

  However, platinum group metals are likely to volatilize as the temperature rises. When the volatiles of the platinum group metal are aggregated, a part of the crystals that are aggregates may be mixed into the molten glass as a foreign substance, which may cause deterioration of the quality of the glass substrate. In particular, since the clarification step is a step in which the temperature of the molten glass is highest during the period from the melting step to the forming step, the clarification tube mainly performing the clarification step is heated to an extremely high temperature. For this reason, in the molten glass after the clarification step, a part of the aggregate obtained by aggregation of the platinum group metal volatilized from the clarification tube is easily mixed as a foreign substance.

When a foreign substance of a platinum group metal is mixed in the glass substrate manufacturing process, a distortion occurs in the glass substrate due to a difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the foreign substance of the platinum group metal and the glass, and this distortion causes a display defect of the display device. Due to the fact that platinum group metals exist near the main surface of the glass substrate and form irregularities on the main surface of the glass substrate, and TFTs cannot be formed uniformly when thin film transistors (TFTs) are formed on the main surface. This causes a problem of display failure of the display device. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the increase in definition of screen display of an image display device, a glass substrate used in a display device has been strongly demanded to reduce platinum group metal foreign matter mixed in the glass substrate.
On the other hand, in order to reduce the quality of the glass substrate, it is also necessary to reduce bubbles remaining in the glass substrate in addition to reducing the foreign matter of the platinum group metal. In order to reduce oxygen bubbles in the glass substrate, it is preferable to increase the amount of oxygen bubbles released from the molten glass in the clarification tube. However, when the amount of released oxygen bubbles is increased, the molten glass becomes in a reduced state, and a large number of reboil bubbles such as CO ₂ and SO ₂ are generated on the glass substrate and easily remain in the molten glass. Thus, the reduction in the number of defects due to platinum group metal foreign matter mixed in the glass substrate and the reduction in the number of defects of bubbles including reboil bubbles remaining in the glass substrate may not always be compatible.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a glass substrate manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a glass substrate in which the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates is reduced even if the platinum group metal aggregates are mixed into the molten glass during the manufacturing process. And it aims at providing a glass substrate manufacturing apparatus.

One embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a glass substrate. The method for manufacturing the glass substrate is as follows:
A melting step of melting glass raw material to produce molten glass;
A glass treatment having a space in which a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass and a wall is formed by introducing the molten glass, and at least a part of the wall is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. A process of processing the molten glass in an apparatus, and at the time of processing the molten glass, agglomerates of platinum group metal volatiles volatilized from the wall are mixed in the molten glass as foreign substances. Molten glass treatment process,
During the execution of the molten glass processing step, by dissolving at least a part of the aggregate mixed in the molten glass in the molten glass, the aggregate processing step of reducing the size of at least a part of the aggregate, With
30% to 85% of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass becomes an acceptable level. And the proportion of time that the aggregate processing step occupies in the molten glass processing step is 30 so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass becomes an acceptable level. % To 85%, and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe ³⁺ ] of the glass substrate represents Fe ²⁺ and Fe ^{3+ in} the glass substrate. The mass percentage display content is 0.2 to 0.5.

[Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is preferably adjusted according to the content of the fining agent contained in the molten glass.

Moreover, it is also preferable that the [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is adjusted by the oxide amount of the glass raw material.

The [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is adjusted by bubbling the molten glass with an oxygen-containing gas before performing the molten glass treatment step. It is preferable.

The glass processing apparatus has a tube through which the molten glass flows, and in the tube, the molten glass processing step and the aggregate processing step are performed,
The proportion of the agglomerate treatment time is adjusted by adjusting the length of the temperature region of the tube along the flow direction of the molten glass, at which the molten glass is equal to or higher than the temperature at which the aggregate of the platinum group metal melts. It is preferable to adjust by.

  In the agglomerate treatment step, it is preferable to increase the saturation solubility of the platinum group metal in the molten glass compared to a period during which the agglomerate treatment step in the molten glass treatment step is not performed.

  The saturation solubility of the platinum group metal is preferably adjusted by adjusting the temperature distribution of the molten glass.

The glass processing apparatus is a clarification apparatus having a clarification tube,
The gas phase in the clarification tube is formed along the flow direction of the molten glass,
It is preferable that the aggregate treatment step is performed in a part of the clarification tube.

The glass substrate is preferably a display glass substrate.
Further, in order to increase the amount of the aggregate to be dissolved in the molten glass in the aggregate treatment step while suppressing the number of bubbles in the glass substrate, the pressure in the gas phase space is 0.8. It is preferable to adjust in the range of -1.2 atmospheres.
Further, in order to increase the amount of the aggregate dissolved in the molten glass, it is preferable that the concentration of the platinum group metal dissolved in the molten glass at the start of the aggregate treatment process is 0.05 to 20 ppm.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a glass substrate manufacturing apparatus. The glass substrate manufacturing apparatus is
A melting tank for melting glass raw material to produce molten glass;
An apparatus having a space in which a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass and a wall is formed by introducing the molten glass, and at least a part of the wall is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. A molten glass processing apparatus for processing the molten glass,
The molten glass processing apparatus dissolves at least a part of the agglomerates of platinum group metal volatiles volatilized from the wall, which are present in the gas phase space, into the molten glass as foreign substances. Having a portion that reduces the size of at least a part of the aggregate,
The time for processing the agglomerates in the molten glass processing apparatus is the time for processing the molten glass so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal agglomerates contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass is at an acceptable level. [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe] of the glass substrate, which accounts for 30% to 85% of the oxygen activity of the molten glass. ³⁺ ] is a mass percentage display content in the molten glass), and is characterized by 0.2 to 0.5.

  According to the glass substrate manufacturing method and the glass substrate manufacturing apparatus, the number of defects in the platinum group metal aggregates and the number of bubble defects are reduced even if the platinum group metal aggregates are mixed into the molten glass during the manufacturing process. Glass substrates can be manufactured.

It is a flowchart which shows the process of the manufacturing method of the glass substrate which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the glass substrate manufacturing apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is the external view which mainly represented the clarification pipe | tube which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure showing an example of a temperature profile of a sectional view showing the inside of a clarification pipe concerning an embodiment, and a clarification pipe.

(Outline of the embodiment)
The glass substrate manufacturing method and glass substrate manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment will be described.
The manufacturing method of the glass substrate of this embodiment is provided with a molten glass processing process and an aggregate processing process at least.
The molten glass processing step is a step of processing the molten glass using a glass processing apparatus. At this time, the aggregate (hereinafter also referred to as foreign matter) in which the platinum group metal constituting the molten glass is volatilized and melted is melted. Mix in glass. In addition, a glass processing apparatus has the space in which the gaseous-phase space enclosed by the free surface and wall of molten glass is formed by introduction of molten glass. At least a part of the wall in contact with the gas phase space is made of a material containing a platinum group metal.
The agglomerate treatment step is a step of dissolving in the molten glass at least part of the platinum group metal agglomerates mixed in the molten glass in the molten glass treatment step.
At this time, in this embodiment, the ratio of the time of the aggregate processing step to the molten glass processing step so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregate contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass becomes an acceptable level. [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate made of molten glass is 30 to 85%. ²⁺ and Fe ³⁺ are expressed in terms of mass percentage) to 0.2 to 0.5. Here, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ] (hereinafter also simply referred to as ratio) corresponds to the oxygen activity amount of the glass substrate and can be an index of the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass. For example, the glass composition of the molten glass (content of fining agent and content of oxide in glass raw material) and heating conditions in the melting step are adjusted so that the ratio is 0.2 to 0.5. .

Moreover, the glass substrate manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment forms a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass and a wall by introducing a melting tank that melts a glass raw material to produce a molten glass, and the molten glass. And a molten glass processing apparatus for processing molten glass, wherein at least a part of the wall is made of a material containing a platinum group metal.
The molten glass processing apparatus is formed by dissolving in the molten glass at least a part of the agglomerates of platinum group metal volatiles volatilized from the walls, which are present in the gas phase space, as foreign substances mixed in the molten glass. , Having a portion for reducing the size of at least a part of the aggregate.
In this glass substrate manufacturing apparatus, the time for processing the agglomerates in the molten glass processing apparatus is processed so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal agglomerates contained in the glass substrate made from the molten glass is at an acceptable level. The proportion of the time taken to 30% to 85%, and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate made of molten glass is The mass percentage display content of Fe ²⁺ and Fe ^{3+ in} the glass substrate is 0.2 to 0.5.

  Here, the time of the agglomerate treatment step is a total time for maintaining a condition in which the agglomerates mixed in the molten glass can be dissolved, for example, a condition in which the temperature of the molten glass becomes a temperature at which the agglomerates of the platinum group metal are dissolved. . The molten glass treatment time refers to the duration of the treatment performed on the molten glass, for example, clarification treatment, oxygen bubbling treatment, and stirring treatment. In the glass processing apparatus, when the molten glass is processed from the time when the molten glass is introduced to the time of discharge, it is the time during which the molten glass stays in the glass processing apparatus.

In this embodiment, the longer the time of the agglomerate treatment process (the greater the ratio of the agglomerate treatment time in the time of the molten glass treatment process), the greater the amount of agglomerates dissolved in the molten glass. The amount of aggregates of platinum group metal remaining in the molten glass is reduced. However, in the agglomerate treatment process, in order to dissolve the agglomerate, the temperature of the molten glass is increased and the release of oxygen from the fining agent is activated. The degree of state is high. At this time, SO ₃ and CO ₃ dissolved in the molten glass are easily reduced, and SO ₂ and CO ₂ reboil bubbles are likely to be generated. Thus, if the time of the aggregate treatment process is increased in order to reduce the aggregates of platinum group metals in the glass substrate, the number of defects in the reboil bubbles in the glass substrate increases. Further, in the agglomerate treatment step, the temperature of the molten glass is increased in order to dissolve the agglomerates. Therefore, by increasing the time of the agglomerate treatment step, the component of the molten glass, for example, B ₂ O ₃ is vapor phase space. Volatilizes a lot. As a result, the glass composition changes locally, and the glass properties such as the thermal expansion coefficient and viscosity of the glass change locally, causing streaks such as striae to occur in the glass substrate.
In the present embodiment, the saturation solubility of the platinum group metal increases as the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass increases, so the amount of aggregates dissolved in the molten glass increases, and the platinum group metal remaining in the molten glass. The amount of agglomerates is reduced. However, in the agglomerate treatment process, in order to dissolve the agglomerates, the temperature of the molten glass is increased to activate oxygen release. However, since the amount of oxygen activity is large, oxygen is not sufficiently released. Many oxygen bubbles may remain on the glass substrate without dissolving the oxygen bubbles in the molten glass. As described above, when the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass is increased in order to reduce the aggregates of platinum group metals in the glass substrate, the number of oxygen bubble defects in the glass substrate increases.

However, in this embodiment, the ratio of the time of the aggregate treatment process to the molten glass treatment process is adjusted to 30% to 85%, and the [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ^{2 +} ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is set to 0.2 to 0.5. Thereby, the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregate can be set to an allowable level. Furthermore, the number of defects of bubbles including reboil bubbles and oxygen bubbles can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the ratio of the time of the aggregate treatment process in the molten glass treatment process is adjusted, the generation of streaks such as striae on the glass substrate can be suppressed.

The platinum group metal in this embodiment means a metal composed of a single platinum group element and an alloy of a metal composed of a platinum group element. The platinum group elements are six elements of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os) and iridium (Ir).
The foreign material of the platinum group metal referred to in the present embodiment is a linear object elongated in one direction. The maximum length of the platinum group metal aggregate (foreign matter) refers to the length of the longest side of the circumscribed rectangle circumscribing the image of the foreign matter obtained by photographing the foreign matter of the platinum group metal. The minimum length means the length of the minimum short side of a circumscribed rectangle that circumscribes an image of a foreign material obtained by photographing a foreign material of a platinum group metal. In the molten glass before the agglomerate treatment step, the proportion of the platinum group metal foreign matter having a maximum length of 100 μm or more exceeds 80%. The platinum group metal foreign matter before the agglomerate treatment step refers to a platinum group metal foreign matter having an aspect ratio exceeding 100, which is a ratio of the maximum length to the minimum length. For example, the maximum length of the platinum group metal foreign matter is 50 μm to 300 μm, and the minimum length is 0.5 μm to 2 μm.

  Such a molten glass treatment process and an agglomerate treatment process are performed as a part of the manufacturing method of the glass substrate demonstrated below.

(Glass substrate manufacturing method and glass substrate manufacturing apparatus)
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of steps of the glass substrate manufacturing method of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the glass substrate manufacturing method mainly includes a melting step S1, a refining step S2, a stirring step S3, a forming step S4, a slow cooling step S5, and a cutting step S6.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the glass substrate manufacturing apparatus 200 of the present embodiment. The glass substrate manufacturing apparatus 200 includes a melting tank 40, a clarification tube 41, a stirring device 100, a molding device 42, and transfer tubes 43a, 43b, and 43c. The transfer pipe 43 a connects the melting tank 40 and the clarification pipe 41. The transfer pipe 43 b connects the clarification pipe 41 and the stirring device 100. The transfer pipe 43 c connects the stirring device 100 and the molding device 42.

In the melting step S1, molten glass is produced by melting glass raw materials. The molten glass is stored in a melting tank and heated to have a desired temperature. The molten glass contains a fining agent. From the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load, tin oxide is suitably used as a fining agent.
In the melting tank 40, the glass raw material is heated and melted at a temperature according to its composition. Thereby, in the melting tank 40, the high temperature molten glass G of 1500 degreeC-1620 degreeC is obtained, for example. In the melting tank 40, the molten glass G between the electrodes may be energized and heated by passing an electric current between at least one pair of electrodes. In addition to the energization heating, a flame by the burner is supplementarily given. The glass raw material may be heated.

  The clarification step S2 is performed on the molten glass flowing at least inside the clarification tube 41. The clarification step S2 may be performed when the molten glass flows inside the transfer pipe 43a. First, the temperature of the molten glass is raised. The refining agent causes a reduction reaction with an increase in temperature to release oxygen. Bubbles contained in the molten glass increase the size of the bubbles, including the released oxygen, float on the free surface of the molten glass, break up and disappear. That is, the defoaming process S2A is performed. Further, the agglomeration is performed in the middle of the defoaming treatment step S2A or after the defoaming treatment step S2A, and the temperature of the molten glass is increased to reduce the size of the platinum group metal agglomerates mixed in the defoaming treatment. The object processing step S2B is performed. Thereafter, the temperature of the molten glass is lowered. Thereby, the reduced fining agent causes an oxidation reaction, and gas components such as oxygen remaining in the molten glass are dissolved in the molten glass. That is, the absorption process step S2C is performed. The absorption processing step S2C may be performed not only in the clarification tube 41 but also in the transfer tube 43b.

  Specifically, the molten glass G obtained in the melting tank 40 passes through the transfer pipe 43 a from the melting tank 40 and flows into the clarification pipe 41. In the clarification tube 41, by introducing the molten glass, a gas phase space surrounded by the free surface of the molten glass and the wall is formed. At least a part of the wall of the clarifying tube 41 surrounding the gas phase space is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. The transfer pipes 43a, 43b, and 43c are platinum group metal pipes. In the present embodiment, for example, an alloy of platinum and rhodium having a platinum content of 70% or more is preferably used. Platinum group metals have a high melting point and are excellent in corrosion resistance to molten glass. The clarification tube 41 is provided with a heating means similar to the melting tank 40. Further, at least the transfer pipe 43a is also provided with a heating mechanism.

In the clarification step S2, a defoaming treatment step for defoaming by raising the temperature of the molten glass G and a parameter (for example, agglomerate treatment) described later for increasing the amount of platinum group metal foreign matter mixed in the molten glass. Adjusting the proportion of time in the molten glass treatment process, the oxygen activity of the molten glass), and agglomerate treatment process for dissolving platinum group metal foreign matter in the molten glass; By absorbing the bubbles in the glass into the molten glass, an absorption treatment step is performed to eliminate the bubbles, that is, to incorporate the bubbles into the molten glass. In the agglomerate treatment step, parameters for increasing the amount of agglomerate dissolved are adjusted in order to dissolve foreign matter mixed in the molten glass into the molten glass. This will be described in detail later.
In the clarification step S2, from the viewpoint of sufficiently clarifying the molten glass G, it is preferable that the temperature of the molten glass G flowing inside the transfer pipe 43a is sequentially raised without being lowered. After the melting step S1, the molten glass G is preferably heated up to 1630 ° C or higher at a rate of 3 ° C / min or higher.
When performing clarification process S2 with the transfer pipe 43a, the maximum temperature of the molten glass G which flows through the transfer pipe 43a is 1620 degreeC-1690 degreeC, and it is preferable that it is 1640 degreeC-1670 degreeC. Moreover, the temperature of the molten glass G in the clarification pipe | tube inlet which is an area | region which connects the transfer pipe | tube 43a and the clarification pipe | tube 41 is 1610 degreeC-1680 degreeC, and it is preferable that it is 1630 degreeC-1660 degreeC. Furthermore, the temperature of the molten glass G at the clarification tube outlet, which is a region connecting the clarification tube 41 and the transfer tube 43b, is 1530 ° C to 1600 ° C, and preferably 1540 ° C to 1580 ° C.
The molten glass G clarified in the clarification tube 41 passes through the transfer tube 43b from the clarification tube 41 and flows into the stirring device 100. The molten glass G is cooled when passing through the transfer tube 43b.

In the stirring step S3, the clarified molten glass is stirred, and the components of the molten glass are homogenized. Thereby, the composition nonuniformity of the molten glass which is a cause of the striae etc. of a glass substrate is reduced. The homogenized molten glass is sent to the forming step S4.
Specifically, in the stirring device 100, the molten glass G is stirred at a temperature lower than the temperature of the molten glass G passing through the clarification tube 41. For example, in the stirring device 100, the temperature of the molten glass G is 1250 ° C to 1450 ° C. For example, in the stirring device 100, the viscosity of the molten glass G is 500 poise to 1300 poise. The molten glass G is stirred and homogenized in the stirring device 100.
The molten glass G homogenized by the stirrer 100 flows from the stirrer 100 through the transfer pipe 43 c and flows into the molding device 42. When the molten glass G passes through the transfer tube 43c, it is cooled so as to have a viscosity suitable for forming the molten glass G. For example, the molten glass G is cooled to 1100 to 1300 ° C.
In addition, although stirring process S3 of this embodiment is performed after clarification process S2, stirring process S3 may be performed before clarification process S2. In this case, the temperature of the molten glass G in the stirring step S3 may be equal to or higher than the temperature of the molten glass G in the clarification tube 41.

In the forming step S4, the sheet glass is continuously formed from the molten glass by the overflow downdraw method or the float method.
Specifically, the molten glass G that has flowed into the molding apparatus 42 is supplied to a molded body 52 installed inside a molding furnace (not shown). A groove is formed on the upper surface of the molded body 52 along the longitudinal direction of the molded body 52. The molten glass G is supplied to the groove on the upper surface of the molded body 52. The molten glass G overflowing from the groove flows down along the pair of side surfaces of the molded body 52. A pair of molten glass G which flowed down the side surface of the molded body 52 joins at the lower end of the molded body 52, and the sheet glass GR is continuously molded.

In the slow cooling step S5, the sheet glass continuously formed in the forming step S4 has a desired thickness and is gradually cooled so as not to be distorted and warped.
In cutting process S6, the sheet glass annealed in slow cooling process S5 is cut | disconnected by predetermined length, and a glass sheet is obtained. The glass sheet is further cut into a predetermined size to obtain a glass substrate.

  In the present embodiment, the molten glass treatment process is a clarification process, and the glass treatment apparatus is described as an example of a clarification apparatus including a clarification tube 41. There is no particular limitation as long as it is an apparatus that is provided between the melting tank 40 and the molding apparatus 42 and performs a predetermined treatment on the molten glass. In addition to the refining device, the glass processing device can be, for example, a stirring device or a transfer tube for transferring molten glass. The glass processing apparatus can also be a bubbling apparatus having a bubbling tank for bubbling oxygen-containing gas in order to increase the oxygen concentration in the molten glass. Therefore, the process of molten glass includes the process of homogenizing the molten glass, the process of transferring the molten glass, the process of bubbling the molten glass with an oxygen-containing gas, in addition to the process of clarifying the molten glass. The agglomerate treatment step S2B has also been described with reference to an example performed in the clarification step S2, but may be performed in, for example, the stirring step S3 and a step of transferring the molten glass G using a transfer tube. Even if the aggregate treatment step S2B is performed in the clarification step S2, the aggregate treatment step S2B does not need to be performed before the absorption treatment step S2C as described above, and the absorption treatment step S2C It may be done later.

(Configuration of clarification tube)
Next, the structure of the clarification pipe | tube 41 of the clarification apparatus in this embodiment is demonstrated in detail. In addition to the clarification pipe 41, the clarification apparatus includes a vent pipe 41a, a heating electrode 41b, and a refractory protective layer (not shown) and a refractory brick that surround the outer periphery of the clarification pipe 41. FIG. 3 is an external view mainly showing the clarification tube 41. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the inside of the clarification tube 41 and an example of a temperature profile of the clarification tube.

  A ventilation tube 41a and a pair of heating electrodes 41b are attached to the clarification tube 41. Inside the clarification tube 41, there is a liquid phase through which the molten glass G flows, and a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass G and a wall is formed. The gas phase space 41 c is formed along the flow direction of the molten glass G. At least a part of the wall surrounding the gas phase space 41c is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. In the present embodiment, the entire wall surrounding the gas phase space 41c is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. The clarification tube 41 may be provided with a gas supply mechanism for supplying gas to the gas phase space. The gas is not particularly limited, but includes an inert gas or a gas containing oxygen (oxygen-containing gas). The gas may be supplied directly to the gas phase space. As a mechanism for supplying the gas, for example, a nozzle provided on the wall of a clarification tube surrounding the gas phase space is used. The nozzle is connected to a gas source arranged outside the clarification tube.

The ventilation pipe 41a is provided in the middle of the direction in which the molten glass G flows and is in contact with the gas phase space 41c, and communicates the gas phase space 41c with the atmosphere outside the clarification pipe 41. The vent pipe 41a is preferably formed of a platinum group metal, like the clarification pipe 41. Since the temperature of the vent pipe 41a is likely to decrease due to the heat dissipation function, the vent pipe 41a may be provided with a heating mechanism for heating the vent pipe 41a.
The pair of heating electrodes 41 b are flange-shaped electrode plates provided at both ends of the clarification tube 41. The heating electrode 41b allows a current supplied from a power source (not shown) to flow through the clarification tube 41, and the clarification tube 41 is energized and heated by this current.

Inside such a clarification tube 41, bubbles contained in the molten glass G are removed by an oxidation-reduction reaction of a clarifier added to the molten glass G, for example, tin oxide. Specifically, first, the temperature of the molten glass G is raised to reduce the fining agent, thereby generating oxygen bubbles in the molten glass G. Bubbles containing gaseous components such as CO ₂ and SO ₂ contained in the molten glass G contain oxygen generated by the reductive reaction of the clarifying agent, and the size of the bubbles increases. The bubbles float on the free surface of the molten glass G and release the components of the bubbles, that is, they disappear and disappear. (Defoaming process). At this time, the platinum group metal volatilizes vigorously from the wall of the clarification tube 41. Since oxygen is released into the gas phase space by defoaming, the oxygen concentration becomes high in the portion of the gas phase space where the defoaming treatment is performed, and as a result, the volatilization of the platinum group metal becomes more active. Along with this, the concentration of the volatiles of the platinum group metal contained in the gas phase space is increased, so that aggregation of the volatiles of the platinum group metal contained in the gas phase space is likely to occur. In particular, the volatiles of the platinum group metal tend to aggregate at a partially cooled position on the wall, for example, the wall near the inlet of the clarification tube 41. Therefore, a part of the aggregate of platinum group metal adhering to the wall of the clarification tube 41 falls off and easily enters the molten glass G as a foreign substance.
For this reason, an agglomerate treatment step is performed in which the platinum group metal foreign matter mixed in the molten glass G is dissolved in the molten glass G in the middle of the defoaming treatment or after the completion of the defoaming treatment.
When the agglomerate treatment step is performed after the defoaming process is finished, the temperature of the molten glass G containing foreign material of the platinum group metal is compared with the temperature of the molten glass in the region where the foreign material of the platinum group metal is mixed into the molten glass G. It is preferable to raise the temperature of the molten glass G so as to be higher.
Moreover, when performing the aggregate processing process from the middle of a defoaming process, a defoaming process and an aggregate processing process are performed simultaneously.

  Thereafter, the temperature of the molten glass G is lowered in the clarification tube 41 to oxidize the reduced clarifier. Thus, the bubbles are extinguished by absorbing the oxygen in the bubbles remaining in the molten glass G into the molten glass G (absorption treatment). Thus, bubbles remaining in the molten glass G are reduced and disappear. In this way, bubbles contained in the molten glass G are removed by the oxidation-reduction reaction of the clarifying agent. Moreover, in absorption process S2C, since the temperature of the molten glass G and the temperature of the wall of the clarification tube 41 fall to 1580 degrees C or less, for example, volatilization and aggregation of a platinum group metal become difficult to be performed. For this reason, in the absorption treatment step S2C, the possibility that new platinum group metal aggregates become foreign matters and enter the molten glass G is much lower than in the defoaming treatment step S2A.

  Although not shown in FIG. 2, a refractory protective layer is provided on the outer wall surface of the clarification tube 41. A refractory brick is further provided outside the refractory protective layer. The refractory brick is placed on a base (not shown).

FIG. 4 shows an example of the temperature profile of the clarification tube 41 (the temperature profile in the X direction of the wall in contact with the gas phase space 41c of the clarification tube 41) expressed in accordance with the position of the clarification tube 41 in the X direction. In the temperature profile, the temperature is the maximum temperature T _max between the end 41d (inlet) of the clarification tube 41 on the side where the molten glass G flows and the vent tube 41a. A temperature gradient in which the temperature decreases from the position P of the maximum temperature T _max toward the end 41 d of the clarification tube 41 is formed. Similarly, a temperature gradient is formed in which the temperature decreases from the position P at the maximum temperature T _max toward the position in the X direction of the vent pipe 41a. In addition to the above, the temperature gradient region is also formed between the position in the X direction of the ventilation pipe 41a and the end 41e (exit) of the clarification pipe 41 on the side where the molten glass G flows out. . In such a temperature gradient region, the temperature difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in the temperature gradient region is more than 0 ° C. and 100 ° C. or less in any temperature gradient region. As shown in FIG. 4, the defoaming process starts in the first half of the clarification tube 41 in the temperature rising section that continues until the wall temperature reaches the maximum temperature T _max from the end 41 d, and at least the maximum temperature T _{max is} reached. Continue. Also includes the maximum temperature T _max, starts aggregate processing steps in the second half of the temperature rising section, continues at least to the maximum temperature T _max. The end of the defoaming treatment step and the end of the agglomerate treatment step may be either, but the point that all the platinum group metal foreign matter mixed in the molten glass is the subject of the agglomerate treatment step. Therefore, the end of the agglomerate treatment process is preferably the same as or after the end of the defoaming treatment process.
Thus, the time of the aggregate treatment process is determined by the temperature profile of the molten glass G. The said time of an aggregate treatment process is the sum total of the duration when the temperature of the molten glass G exists in 1670 degreeC-1750 degreeC, for example.
In such a molten glass processing apparatus, the condition parameters in the glass processing apparatus for increasing the amount of the platinum group metal aggregates dissolved in the molten glass (hereinafter, this amount will be referred to as the dissolution amount) will be described.

(Condition parameters for increasing the dissolution amount of aggregates)
In the present embodiment, in the glass processing apparatus, each condition parameter in the glass processing apparatus is adjusted so that the number of agglomerated defects in the glass substrate is at an allowable level, and further, the number of bubbles in the glass substrate is at an allowable level. To do.
As a condition parameter for increasing the dissolution amount of the platinum group metal aggregate, for example,
(A) the amount of oxygen activity of the molten glass,
(B) The ratio of the time for which the aggregate treatment process occupies the molten glass treatment process.
Hereinafter, a clarification tube will be described as an example of a glass processing apparatus, and a clarification step will be described as an example of a molten glass processing step.

(A) Oxygen activity amount of molten glass In the clarification tube, the dissolution amount of the platinum group metal aggregates can be increased by increasing the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass. The oxygen activity amount of the molten glass is the amount of oxygen dissolved in the molten glass and combined with the metal components constituting the glass. For example, in the defoaming treatment step in the clarification step, the temperature of the molten glass becomes high, and oxygen dissolved in the molten glass is defoamed as bubbles, so that the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass decreases. On the other hand, in the clarification step, when the temperature of the molten glass is lowered, the clarifier takes in oxygen, so that the oxygen activity amount increases.
Since the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass cannot be directly measured, it is preferable to use the oxygen activity amount in a measurable glass substrate. The oxygen activity amount in the glass substrate is larger as the oxygen activity amount in the molten glass is larger. In this embodiment, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) in the glass substrate is used as the oxygen activity amount in the glass substrate. When [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is high, the amount of oxygen bonded to Fe ³⁺ (trivalent iron atom) increases, and thus the amount of oxygen activity increases. When [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) is low, the amount of oxygen bonded to Fe ³⁺ (trivalent iron atom) decreases, and thus the amount of oxygen activity decreases. Therefore, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) in the glass substrate corresponds to the amount of oxygen activity in the glass substrate. Therefore, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) in the glass substrate can be an index of the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass. [Fe ²⁺ ] and [Fe ³⁺ ] can be calculated from the transmittance of the glass substrate measured using a spectrophotometric method.
The amount of oxygen activity in the molten glass is, for example, adjusting the amount of fining agent and oxide contained in the molten glass in the melting process, the ratio of combustion heating and electric heating in the melting process, The temperature can be adjusted by bubbling an oxygen-containing gas into the molten glass.

When adjusting the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass, if the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass is excessively increased, the dissolution amount of the platinum group metal agglomerates is increased, but the following disadvantages are caused.
・ Increased volatility of platinum group metals If the oxygen activity of the molten glass is increased too much, the amount of oxygen released from the molten glass into the gas phase space during the defoaming process will increase, and the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space will increase. Therefore, the platinum group metal is easily oxidized and easily volatilized. When the platinum group metal is easily volatilized, aggregates of the platinum group metal are likely to be generated and easily mixed into the molten glass.
・ Remaining oxygen bubbles in the molten glass If the oxygen activity of the molten glass is increased too much, the reduced fining agent cannot take up oxygen in the absorption treatment process, and bubbles containing oxygen (oxygen bubbles) are contained in the molten glass. And remains as bubbles in the glass substrate, so that the quality of the glass substrate is easily deteriorated.
From the viewpoint of suppressing the occurrence of such disadvantages, the amount of oxygen activity of the molten glass, and further, by adjusting [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) in the glass substrate, When increasing the amount of dissolution, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the condition parameters (ratio of time occupied by the agglomerate treatment step in the molten glass treatment step, temperature of the molten glass, etc.).

(B) Ratio of time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process The amount of dissolution of the platinum group metal agglomerate is increased by increasing the percentage of time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process. Can do. The ratio of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process is the ratio of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the time required for the entire molten glass treatment process. For example, in the case of the time required for the entire clarification process, the time required for the entire molten glass treatment process can be specified as the time required for the molten glass to pass through the clarification device. Specifically, the glass substrate is produced after the melting process. It can be specified as the time for passing through the region where the temperature is heated to 1500 ° C. or higher in the region of the apparatus.
The time of the agglomerate treatment step is a time in the melting temperature region where the agglomerates of the platinum group metal are dissolved in the molten glass. The melting temperature region is a region where the aggregate of the platinum group metal of the molten glass is dissolved in the molten glass. In the case of a clarified tube through which the molten glass flows, the clarified tube having a temperature at which the aggregate is dissolved in the molten glass. It is the length along the longitudinal direction. The temperature at which the agglomerates are dissolved in the molten glass is a temperature at which it is confirmed that the platinum group metal is dissolved within a predetermined time in an experiment reproducing the standard operating conditions of the clarification tube 41, for example, 1650 ° C. It is defined as ˜1750 ° C. The predetermined time is appropriately set, for example, the time for the molten glass to pass through the clarification tube 41 under standard conditions.
The time during which the molten glass is in the melting temperature range can be determined from the temperature profile of the wall of the clarification tube, for example. Specifically, the temperature profile of the molten glass is determined from the temperature profile of the wall of the clarified tube measured by thermocouples provided at a plurality of locations on the outer wall of the clarified tube along the flow direction of the molten glass. The melting temperature region can be determined based on the profile. The temperature of the wall of the clarification tube and the temperature of the molten glass corresponding thereto may be associated in advance using, for example, data when a glass substrate is manufactured in the past or the heat conduction simulation calculation result of the clarification tube 41. it can. Thereby, the temperature profile of molten glass can be calculated | required from the temperature profile of the wall of a clarification tube. In the clarification tube 41, since the molten glass flows at a substantially constant speed, the above time can be obtained by dividing the length of the melting temperature region in the clarification tube along the flow of the molten glass by the flow velocity of the molten glass. it can.
When the temperature of the molten glass has a temperature profile and there are a plurality of melting temperature regions, it is represented by the total time of the molten glass in the plurality of melting temperature regions.
In the clarification step, the time for the molten glass treatment step refers to the time during which the molten glass is in the defoaming treatment S2A and the absorption treatment S2C. Since the defoaming process S2A and the absorption process S2C are processes that utilize the oxidation-reduction reaction of the clarifying agent, the time of the defoaming process S2A and the absorption process S2C depends on the type of the clarifying agent having a different temperature for developing the oxidation-reduction reaction. Different. For example, in the case of tin oxide, the time during which the temperature of the molten glass in the transfer tube 43a, the clarification tube 41, and the transfer tube 43b is in the temperature range of 1550 ° C. to 1760 ° C. is set as the time of the defoaming treatment S2A and the absorption treatment S2C.

Moreover, when a clarification process is performed by the clarification pipe | tube 41 and the transfer pipes 43a and 43b before and behind that, it is the length along the longitudinal direction of the pipe | tube of the applicable part of the clarification pipe | tube 41 and the transfer pipes 43a and 43b, and the above-mentioned melting temperature. A value obtained by dividing the length of the region in the longitudinal direction of the tube is a ratio of the time that the aggregate processing step occupies in the molten glass processing.
When the ratio of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment increases, the dissolution amount of the platinum group metal aggregate increases, but the following disadvantages occur.
・ Increase in reboiling foam If the ratio of the time spent in the molten glass treatment by the agglomerate treatment process is increased too much, the time during which the molten glass is in the defoaming treatment process tends to be longer in the refining process. Reboil bubbles are likely to occur.
Specifically, if the time ratio is increased too much, the amount of oxygen dissolved in the molten glass becomes bubbles and released into the gas phase space increases, and the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass decreases. As a result, the molten glass is in a reduced state. In this state, when the absorption treatment process is performed, reboil bubbles may be excessively generated in the molten glass according to the following mechanism, and reboil bubble bubbles may remain on the glass substrate. Specifically, the reboil bubble is a bubble containing SO ₂ or CO ₂ generated due to sulfur and carbon contained as impurities in the molten glass. When the reduction state of the molten glass becomes longer in time, SO ₃ and CO ₃ dissolved in the molten glass are easily reduced, so that SO ₂ and CO ₂ are easily generated. Since SO ₂ and CO ₂ are less likely to be dissolved in the molten glass than SO ₃ and CO ₃ , they are likely to remain as bubbles in the absorption treatment process. If there are many such reboiling bubbles, they may remain as bubble defects on the glass substrate, which may deteriorate the quality of the glass substrate. The bubbles remaining on the glass substrate are detected by, for example, a laser microscope or visual observation.

(Adjustment of the proportion of time the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]))
Thus, by increasing the proportion of the time that the agglomerate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment, the number of bubble defects including reboil bubbles increases. For this reason, by adjusting in advance the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass when starting the molten glass processing step such as the refining step, while suppressing the number of defects of bubbles in the glass substrate to an acceptable level, the platinum group metal The number of defects in the aggregate can be suppressed to an allowable level. That is, in this embodiment, the ratio of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process is 30 to 85%, and the glass can be an index of the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass when the molten glass treatment process is started. [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the substrate is set to 0.2 to 0.5.

When the ratio of the time for the agglomerate treatment process to the molten glass treatment process is changed, for example, when the time of the agglomerate treatment process is increased, the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass becomes small, and the defect of bubbles including reboil bubbles Increase the number. In the present embodiment, in order to suppress the increase in the number of defects of bubbles, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ] in the glass substrate serving as an index of the amount of oxygen activity at the start of the molten glass treatment process. ) Is adjusted to 0.2 to 0.5.
Moreover, when the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass at the clarification step is increased, a large number of oxygen bubbles that cannot be absorbed by the clarifier of the molten glass exist, and the number of defects of bubbles containing oxygen bubbles increases. In the present embodiment, in order to suppress the increase in the number of defects of bubbles, adjustment is made so that the ratio of the time occupied by the aggregate treatment process to the molten glass treatment process is 30 to 85%.

The defects of the platinum group metal aggregates in the glass substrate are obtained by light reception by making light such as laser light incident on the surface of the glass plate from an oblique direction and receiving the reflected light at each position. Detection can be performed by specifying a region matching the shape of the platinum group metal aggregate from the obtained image. The number of defects of the aggregate is, for example, 0.02 / kg or less per unit mass.
Similarly, the bubble defect in the glass substrate was obtained by receiving light by making light such as laser light incident on the surface of the glass plate from an oblique direction and receiving the reflected light at each position. It can be detected by identifying the area of the bubble defect from the image. The number of defects of the bubbles is, for example, 0.01 piece / kg or less per unit mass. Such a permissible level changes according to the specification regarding the distortion and the unevenness of the main surface, which is required by the user of the glass substrate.

It is preferable that the oxygen activity amount is adjusted by the amount of fining agent added to the molten glass because the oxygen activity amount can be easily adjusted. In this case, the content of the fining agent in the glass substrate is preferably, for example, 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass, and more preferably 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass.
Moreover, it is also preferable that the amount of oxygen activity is adjusted by the amount of oxide of the glass raw material because the amount of oxygen activity can be easily adjusted. For example, when iron oxide is included as a glass raw material, the ratio of Fe ₂ O ₃ and FeO is adjusted. Furthermore, it is also preferable that the oxygen activity amount is adjusted by bubbling an oxygen-containing gas with respect to the molten glass before the molten glass treatment step is performed because the oxygen activity amount can be easily adjusted.
Moreover, when a molten glass processing apparatus has a pipe | tube with which molten glass flows like the clarification pipe | tube 41 and the transfer pipes 43a and 43b, and a molten glass processing process and an aggregate processing process are performed in the pipe | tube, it is an aggregate. The proportion of time in the molten glass processing step of the processing step is adjusted by adjusting the length of the temperature region of the tube along the flow direction of the molten glass at which the molten glass becomes equal to or higher than the temperature at which the aggregate of the platinum group metal melts. It is preferable that the ratio is adjusted from the viewpoint that the ratio of the time that the aggregate treatment process occupies in the molten glass treatment process can be easily adjusted.
In the agglomerate treatment step, it is preferable to increase the saturation solubility of the platinum group metal in the molten glass as compared to a period during which the agglomerate treatment step in the molten glass treatment step is not performed. For example, in order to increase the saturation solubility, the temperature of the molten glass may be increased.

In this embodiment, when the ratio is 30 to 85% and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate is 0.2 to 0.5, The glass refining step is preferably performed, for example, under the following temperature conditions.
If it demonstrates with the temperature profile of the wall of the clarification pipe | tube 41 as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the maximum temperature _Tmax of the wall of the clarification pipe | tube 41 is 1670 to 1750 degreeC, and it is 1690 to 1750 degreeC. More preferred. At this time, the temperature difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the temperature profile is 5 ° C. or more. In such a temperature profile, the defoaming process starts in the first half of the clarification tube 41 in the section where the wall temperature rises to the maximum temperature, and continues to at least the maximum temperature. In addition, the agglomerate treatment process starts in the latter half of the section where the temperature rises, including the maximum temperature, and continues at least to the maximum temperature. The aggregate treatment process starts, for example, in a region before reaching the maximum temperature.

In the aggregate treatment process in the clarification tube 41, the temperature of the molten glass is preferably adjusted to 1660 ° C. or higher. Specifically, the molten glass is preferably heated to 1660 ° C to 1750 ° C, more preferably 1680 ° C to 1700 ° C. When the maximum temperature of the molten glass G exceeds 1750 ° C., the platinum group metal constituting the clarification tube 41a is easily melted. Also, reboiling bubbles are likely to occur. In addition, the maximum temperature of the molten glass G can be calculated from a measured value by a thermocouple (not shown) provided in the clarification tube 41. Thermocouples are provided, for example, at a plurality of locations on the outer wall of the clarification tube 41 along the direction in which the molten glass flows.
In particular, in the agglomerate treatment step, it is preferable to maintain the temperature of the molten glass G at 1660 ° C. for 10 minutes or more, preferably 30 minutes or more. That is, the agglomerate treatment step for dissolving the platinum group metal foreign material in the molten glass can be easily dissolved by maintaining the temperature at 1660 ° C. or higher for 10 minutes or longer.

The temperature of the molten glass flowing inside the clarification tube 41 can be adjusted by adjusting the current flowing through the wall of the clarification tube 41, for example. The amount of current can be adjusted by the magnitude of the voltage applied to the heating electrode 41b. In addition, although the heating electrode 41b is provided in a pair in the clarification tube 41, the number of the heating electrodes 41b is not particularly limited. By adjusting the amount of current of the heating electrode 41b, the temperature of the wall in contact with the gas phase space 41c of the clarification tube 41 is adjusted to a range of 1500 to 1750 ° C., for example. Further, the temperature of the molten glass G is indirectly adjusted by a heater (not shown) arranged around the clarification tube 41 in place of adjustment of the current flowing through the clarification tube 41 or in combination with adjustment of current flowing through the clarification tube 41. It may be adjusted. The heater is disposed, for example, inside or outside a refractory protective layer or a refractory brick described later.
Further, in order to increase the amount of the platinum group metal aggregates dissolved in the molten glass in the aggregate treatment step while suppressing the number of bubbles in the glass substrate, the pressure in the gas phase space 41c is 0.8. It is preferable to adjust in the range of -1.2 atmospheres.
In addition, in order to increase the amount of the platinum group metal aggregate dissolved in the molten glass in the aggregate treatment step, the concentration of the platinum group metal dissolved in the molten glass at the start of the aggregate treatment step is 0.05 to 20 ppm. It is preferable that

As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the ratio of the time for which the aggregate treatment process occupies the molten glass treatment process is set to 30 to 85%, and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate is set. By setting it to 0.2 to 0.5, the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate made from the molten glass is set to an acceptable level, and bubbles contained in the glass substrate made from the molten glass are reduced. The number of defects can be at an acceptable level.

(Application example of glass substrate)
The glass substrate manufactured by the glass substrate manufacturing method of this embodiment is suitable for a display glass substrate including a flat panel display such as a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, and an organic EL display, and a cover glass for protecting the display. Among glass substrates for displays, in particular, glass substrates for high-definition displays, such as glass substrates for liquid crystal displays that require a very low content of alkali metal oxides, glass for organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) displays Suitable for substrates, glass substrates for oxide semiconductor displays using oxide semiconductors such as IGZO (indium, gallium, zinc, oxygen), or glass substrates for LTPS displays using LTPS (Low Temperature Poly-silicon) thin film semiconductors ing.
As the glass substrate for display, non-alkali glass or alkali trace glass is used. The glass substrate for display has high viscosity at high temperatures. For example, the temperature of the molten glass having a viscosity of 10 ^2.5 poise is 1500 ° C. or higher. The alkali-free glass is a glass having a composition that does not substantially contain an alkali metal oxide (R ₂ O). “Alkali metal oxide is not practically contained” means a glass having a composition in which an alkali metal oxide is not added as a glass raw material except for impurities mixed in from the raw material and the like. It is less than 1% by mass.

(Glass composition)
The glass raw material is prepared so that a glass having a desired composition can be substantially obtained. As an example of the composition of glass, non-alkali glass suitable as a glass substrate for display such as a glass substrate for flat panel display (FPD) is 50% by mass to 70% by mass of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ 0 in terms of oxide. wt% to 25 wt%, B ₂ O ₃ 0% to 15% by weight, MgO 0 wt% to 10 wt%, CaO 0 wt% to 20 wt%, SrO 0% to 20 wt%, BaO 0 wt% 10% by weight, containing Zentetsuryou (Fe ₂ O ₃ basis) 0.005% to 0.15% by weight. Here, the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 5% by mass to 30% by mass.

Moreover, you may use the alkali trace amount containing glass which contains a trace amount of alkali metal oxides as a glass substrate for a display. The alkali-containing glass contains 0.1% by mass to 0.5% by mass of R ′ ₂ O as a component, and preferably 0.2% by mass to 0.5% by mass of R ′ ₂ O. Here, R ′ is at least one selected from Li, Na and K, and R ′ ₂ O is the total content of Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O and K ₂ O. The total content of R ′ ₂ O may be less than 0.1% by mass. Therefore, as the glass substrate of the present embodiment, a glass having an alkali metal oxide (R ′ ₂ O) content of 0 to 0.5% by mass including an alkali-free glass is suitably used.

In addition to the above components, the glass produced according to the present embodiment may further contain 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass (preferably 0.01% by mass to 0.5% by mass) of SnO _2. . The glass produced according to the present invention preferably contains substantially no As ₂ O ₃ , Sb ₂ O ₃ and PbO in consideration of environmental load. In order to reduce the environmental burden, tin oxide is preferably used as a fining agent.

In this embodiment, in order to raise the temperature of the molten glass G, when making the temperature of the clarification tube 41 high, the effect mentioned above of this embodiment can be exhibited effectively.
For example, tin oxide is preferably used as a clarifier for molten glass in order to reduce environmental burden. However, tin oxide has a clarification effect (oxidation reaction) as compared with As ₂ O ₃ and Sb ₂ O _3. The temperature obtained is high. Therefore, when tin oxide is used as a clarifier, the temperature of the clarification tube 41 is increased compared with the case where As ₂ O ₃ or Sb ₂ O ₃ is used as a clarifier, and the temperature of the molten glass G is increased. Need to be high. That is, since tin oxide is used as a fining agent, volatilization (oxidation) of the fining tube 41 is more likely to occur than before, and the problem of volatilization and aggregation of platinum group metals is likely to occur. Thus, even if the amount of foreign matter of the platinum group metal mixed in the molten glass is increased by using tin oxide as a fining agent, as in the present embodiment, in the molten glass processing step of the aggregate processing step. By adjusting the range of the proportion of time and the oxygen activity amount of the molten glass to the above-mentioned ranges, the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate is set to an acceptable level, so that distortion occurs in the glass substrate. The effect that it is difficult to make unevenness of the main surface of the glass substrate difficult is remarkable. That is, the amount of foreign matter that causes display defects can be sufficiently reduced.

  A thin film transistor is formed on a glass substrate used for a display panel. However, as described above, it is preferable to use non-alkali glass or glass containing a trace amount of alkali so as not to adversely affect the operation of the thin film transistor. . Since alkali-free glass or glass containing a small amount of alkali is higher in viscosity than alkali-containing glass, the bubble rising speed is slow in the defoaming treatment step and it is difficult to clarify. For this reason, in order to fully obtain the clarification effect, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the clarification tube 41 and to raise the temperature of the molten glass G. That is, since the object to be manufactured is alkali-free glass or glass containing a small amount of alkali, volatilization (oxidation) of the clarification tube 41 is more likely to occur than alkali glass, and the problem of volatilization and aggregation of platinum group metals is likely to occur. As described above, even when the temperature of the clarification tube 41 is increased and the amount of platinum group metal foreign matter mixed into the molten glass is increased in order to use alkali-free glass or alkali-containing glass, as in this embodiment. In addition, since the number of defects of the platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate can be made to an acceptable level, the glass substrate is less likely to be distorted, and the main surface of the glass substrate is less likely to be uneven. Becomes prominent. That is, the amount of foreign matter that causes display defects can be sufficiently reduced.

In addition, glass having a high strain point has a higher viscosity of the molten glass at the same temperature than a glass having a low strain point, so that the bubble rising speed is slow in the defoaming treatment step and it is difficult to clarify. For this reason, in order to fully obtain the clarification effect, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the clarification tube 41 and to raise the temperature of the molten glass G. In other words, when producing a glass substrate of a glass having a high strain point, the clarification tube is more likely to volatilize (oxidize) than when producing a glass having a low strain point. Problems are likely to occur. Thus, in order to use glass with a high strain point, even if the temperature of the clarification tube 41 is increased and the amount of foreign matter of the platinum group metal mixed in the molten glass is increased, Since the number of defects of platinum group metal agglomerates contained in the substrate can be adjusted to an acceptable level, the glass substrate is less likely to be distorted and the main surface of the glass substrate is less likely to be uneven. become. That is, the amount of foreign matter that causes display defects can be sufficiently reduced.
The glass substrate for display is required to have a strain point of the glass substrate of 600 ° C. or higher, more preferably 650 ° C. or higher. However, if the strain point of the glass substrate is 600 ° C. or higher, a display defect is caused. The effect of the present embodiment that can sufficiently reduce the amount of foreign matter having such a size becomes significant. Moreover, the glass substrate for high-definition displays is required to have a higher strain point, and the strain point is preferably 690 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 730 ° C. or higher. As described above, when the strain point is 690 ° C. or higher and 730 ° C. or higher, the above-described effect of the present embodiment becomes more remarkable.

[Experimental example]
In order to confirm the effect of this embodiment, the glass substrate was produced by the manufacturing process including the aggregate processing process S2B shown in FIG. 1 (Example).
The conditions for producing the glass substrate are as follows.
The composition of the glass used for the production of the glass substrate was as follows: SiO ₂ 60.7 mass%, Al ₂ O ₃ 17 mass%, B ₂ O ₃ 11.5 mass%, MgO 2 mass%, CaO 5.6 mass%, SrO 3% by mass, SnO ₂ 0.18% by mass, and total iron content (Fe ₂ O ₃ conversion) 0.02% by mass. The temperature profile of the molten glass in the transfer pipe 43a, the clarification pipe 41, and the transfer pipe 43b was adjusted so that the ratio of the time for the aggregate treatment process to the clarification process was 70%. Furthermore, [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate was 0.30 to 0.35.

On the other hand, the temperature profile of the molten glass in the transfer pipe 43a, the clarification pipe 41, and the transfer pipe 43b is adjusted so that the ratio of the time for the aggregate treatment process to the clarification process is 10%. A glass substrate was produced under the conditions (conventional example). At this time, the content of the fining agent and the heating conditions of the melting step were adjusted so that [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) of the glass substrate was 0.1.

  Foreign substances and bubbles of the platinum group metal in the glass substrate thus produced were detected using an optical microscope, and the number thereof was counted. The bubble count was taken as the bubble defect count. Furthermore, the maximum length and the minimum length of the detected foreign matter of the platinum group metal were measured. Then, the number of platinum group metal foreign substances (number of defects) having an aspect ratio of more than 100, which is the ratio of the maximum length to the minimum length, among all the platinum group metal foreign substances contained in the glass substrate was determined. In the glass substrate of the example, the number of defects of bubbles and the number of defects of platinum group metal foreign substances were at acceptable levels, but in the conventional glass substrate, the number of defects of bubbles and the number of defects of platinum group metal foreign substances were , Was outside the acceptable level.

  The glass substrate manufacturing method and glass substrate manufacturing apparatus of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Detection apparatus 40 Melting tank 41 Clarification pipe | tube 41a Ventilation pipe | tube 41b Heating electrode 41c Gas-phase space 42 Molding apparatus 52 Forming body 43a, 43b. 43c Transfer pipe 100 Stirrer 200 Glass substrate manufacturing apparatus

Claims (8)

A melting step of melting glass raw material to produce molten glass;
A glass treatment having a space in which a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass and a wall is formed by introducing the molten glass, and at least a part of the wall is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. A process of processing the molten glass in an apparatus, and at the time of processing the molten glass, agglomerates of platinum group metal volatiles volatilized from the wall are mixed in the molten glass as foreign substances. Molten glass treatment process,
During the execution of the molten glass processing step, by dissolving at least a part of the aggregate mixed in the molten glass in the molten glass, the aggregate processing step of reducing the size of at least a part of the aggregate, With
The aggregate treatment step is the molten glass treatment step so that the number of defects of platinum group metal aggregates contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass and the number of bubbles defects contained in the glass substrate are at an acceptable level. The proportion of time in the glass substrate is 30% to 85%, and [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe ³⁺ ] in the glass substrate is Of Fe ²⁺ and Fe ³⁺ of 0.2 to 0.5). The said [Fe3 ⁺ ] / ([Fe2 ⁺ ] + [Fe3 ⁺ ]) is a manufacturing method of the glass substrate of Claim 1 adjusted with content of the clarifier contained in the said molten glass. The said [Fe3 ⁺ ] / ([Fe2 ⁺ ] + [Fe3 ⁺ ]) is a manufacturing method of the glass substrate of Claim 1 or 2 adjusted with the oxide amount of the raw material of the said glass. The glass processing apparatus has a tube through which the molten glass flows, and in the tube, the molten glass processing step and the aggregate processing step are performed,
The proportion of the agglomerate treatment time is adjusted by adjusting the length of the temperature region of the tube along the flow direction of the molten glass, at which the molten glass is equal to or higher than the temperature at which the aggregate of the platinum group metal melts. The manufacturing method of the glass substrate of any one of Claims 1-3 adjusted by these.   In the said aggregate treatment process, compared with the period which does not perform the said aggregate treatment process in the said molten glass treatment process, the saturation solubility of the said platinum group metal in the said molten glass is made high. 2. A method for producing a glass substrate according to item 1. The glass processing apparatus is a clarification apparatus having a clarification tube,
The gas phase in the clarification tube is formed along the flow direction of the molten glass,
The said aggregate processing process is a manufacturing method of the glass substrate of any one of Claims 1-5 performed by a part of said clarification pipe | tube.   The said glass substrate is a manufacturing method of the glass substrate of any one of Claims 1-6 which is a glass substrate for displays. A melting tank for melting glass raw material to produce molten glass;
An apparatus having a space in which a gas phase space surrounded by a free surface of the molten glass and a wall is formed by introducing the molten glass, and at least a part of the wall is made of a material containing a platinum group metal. A molten glass processing apparatus for processing the molten glass,
The molten glass processing apparatus dissolves at least a part of the agglomerates of platinum group metal volatiles volatilized from the wall, which are present in the gas phase space, into the molten glass as foreign substances. Having a portion that reduces the size of at least a part of the aggregate,
The time for processing the agglomerates in the molten glass processing apparatus is the time for processing the molten glass so that the number of defects of the platinum group metal agglomerates contained in the glass substrate made of the molten glass is at an acceptable level. [Fe ³⁺ ] / ([Fe ²⁺ ] + [Fe ³⁺ ]) ([Fe ²⁺ ], [Fe] of the glass substrate, which accounts for 30% to 85% of the oxygen activity of the molten glass. ³⁺ ] is a mass percentage display content in the molten glass) is 0.2 to 0.5.

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