JP2016013600A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of decreasing an installation area when a plurality of machine tools is disposed in parallel.SOLUTION: A machine tool 1 is equipped with an inclined table 3 which rotatably arranges a table body 10 on a swiveling member 9 arranged on an inclined supporting surface 8a of a base member 8 so as to swivel, and a main shaft 14 arranged so as to move in an axial direction. The main shaft 14 is arranged so as to move in an X-axis direction and a Y-axis direction, and the inclined table 3 is arranged so as to move in a Z-axis direction. A tool replacing device 5 is arranged on a deep side and a side part of a bed 2. Of the bed 2, on a side on which the tool replacing device 5 is arranged and at a side part of the inclined table 3, an access space A enabling an operator M to access to the tool replacing device 5 is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool including an inclination table configured to be rotatable around two orthogonal axes by turning on an inclined support surface, and a main shaft configured to be movable in the axial direction.

There is a machine tool including a tilting table that allows a table body on which a workpiece is mounted to be rotated about two orthogonal axes and a spindle that is configured to be movable in the axial direction (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In this conventional machine tool, the main shaft is configured to be movable in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the tilt table is configured to be movable in the X-axis direction.

JP 2001-252837 A JP 07-88737 A

By the way, in recent machining of automobile parts, for example, a plurality of the machine tools provided with a tool changer are arranged in parallel, and a machining line is formed in which machining is sequentially performed while delivering workpieces between the machine tools. There is a case. In this case, it is required to reduce the installation area necessary for installing a plurality of machine tools as much as possible.

However, in the conventional machine tool, when the tool provided in the tool changer is manually changed, the operator accesses the tool changer from the side of the machine. Since it is necessary to provide between machines, there was a limit in reducing the installation area.

Further, in the machine tool provided with the tilt table, the table body on which the workpiece is mounted is supported by the tilt support surface, so that the Z axis by the main shaft is compared with the case where the table body is supported by the horizontal support surface. The cutting load in the direction can be efficiently borne. On the other hand, in view of further demands for downsizing of machines in recent years, there is a demand for a structure that enables more efficient burden of cutting load from the spindle.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and an object thereof is to provide a machine tool capable of reducing an installation area when a plurality of machine tools are arranged in parallel.

The invention according to claim 1 is an inclined table in which a swivel member is turnably disposed on an inclined support surface of a base member mounted on a bed, and a table body is rotatably disposed on the swivel member;
In a machine tool comprising a spindle disposed on the bed so as to be movable in the axial direction,
The main shaft is at least one of the left-right direction (X-axis direction), the up-down direction (Y-axis direction), and the main-axis axis direction (Z-axis direction) on the back side of the bed in the machine front view. It is arranged to be movable in the axial direction,
The inclined table is arranged on the front side of the bed so as to be movable or fixed in the Z-axis direction,
A tool changer is disposed on the back side and the side of the bed,
The bed is provided with an access space on the side where the tool changer is disposed and on a side portion of the inclined table so that an operator can access the tool changer from the front of the machine. .

The invention according to claim 2 is an inclined table in which a turning member is rotatably arranged on an inclined support surface of a base member mounted on a bed, and a table body is rotatably arranged on the turning member;
In a machine tool provided with a main shaft arranged to be movable in an axial direction on a bed,
The main shaft is disposed on the back side of the bed in a machine front view so as to be movable in a vertical direction (Y-axis direction) and a main shaft axis direction (Z-axis direction),
The tilt table is disposed on the front side of the bed so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) via an X-axis slide mechanism,
The X-axis slide mechanism has a back guide rail that extends in the X-axis direction and is fixed to the back side near the main shaft on the bed, and a front guide rail fixed to a far front side, The near-side guide rail is arranged on the upper side in the Y-axis direction from the back-side guide rail.

The invention of claim 3 is the machine tool according to claim 2,
At least a tool side portion of the tilt table and the spindle is surrounded by a machine body cover, and an opening is provided at a substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the machine body cover, and a door for opening and closing the opening is provided.

The invention of claim 4 is the machine tool according to claim 3,
The left and right sides of the body cover are provided with inline transfer openings for transferring the work on the table body in the X-axis direction.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the main shaft is disposed so as to be movable at least in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the tool changer is disposed on the side of the bed, and the tilt table is movable in the Z-axis direction. Alternatively, an access space free of obstacles can be secured on the side of the tilt table in the X-axis direction, and the tool changer can be accessed from the front of the machine using the space. Therefore, compared with the case where the tool changer is accessed from the side of the machine, the interval when a plurality of machine tools are arranged in parallel can be narrowed, and the installation area required for installing the plurality of machine tools can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the front guide rail of the X-axis slide mechanism that enables the tilt table to move in the X-axis direction is disposed above the back-side guide rail in the Y-axis direction, that is, at a high position. The front guide rail in a high place is stretched against the cutting load in the Z-axis direction due to the above, and the cutting load can be efficiently borne compared to the case where both guide rails are arranged at the same height. Therefore, the machine structure for bearing the cutting load, and thus each machine tool can be made compact, and as a result, the installation area required for installing a plurality of machine tools can be reduced.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the opening is provided at the substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the machine body cover and the opening is opened and closed by the door, the operator can operate the workpiece on the inclined table and the tool holding portion of the spindle from the front of the machine. Etc., it is not necessary to work from the side of the machine, the interval when arranging a plurality of machine tools in parallel can be reduced, and the required installation area can be reduced.

According to invention of Claim 4, since the opening for in-line conveyance which conveys the workpiece | work on the said table main body to a X-axis direction was provided in the left and right side surface of the said body cover, on the table main body in a comparatively low position The workpiece can be lifted slightly and transferred to a machine tool adjacent in the X-axis direction, the conveyance height can be lowered, and the lifting mechanism of the workpiece can also be a simple structure.

It is the perspective view which looked at the machine tool which concerns on Example 1 of this invention from the front side. It is a front view of the machine tool. It is a top view of the state which arranged the machine tool in parallel. It is a side view in case the table main body of the tilting table of the machine tool is rotatable about a vertical axis. It is a side view in case the table main body of the tilting table of the machine tool is rotatable around a horizontal axis. It is a front view of the machine tool which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a top view of the machine tool which concerns on the said Example 2. FIG. It is a side view which shows the support structure of the inclination table of the machine tool which concerns on the said Example 2. FIG. It is a top view which shows the inclination table and right-and-left double door which concern on the said Example 2. FIG. It is a front view of the machine tool which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a top view of the machine tool which concerns on the said Example 3. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, the front and rear refer to the front side, the rear side refers to the rear, and the left and right refer to the left and right as viewed from the operator, as viewed from the operator located in front of the machine.

  1-5 is a figure for demonstrating the machine tool which concerns on Example 1 of invention of Claim 1 of this-application.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a 5-axis horizontal machining center (machine tool). The machining center 1 includes a bed 2 having a rectangular shape in plan view, a tilting table 3 disposed on the front side of the bed 2, a spindle device 4 disposed on the back side, a back side and a left side portion. A tool changer 5 disposed on the rear side of the bed 2, a chip disposal device 6 disposed subsequent to the back end surface of the bed 2, and a control device 7 erected at the rear end of the treatment device 6.

The tilt table 3 has a base member 8 that forms a right triangle in a side view in which an inclined support surface 8a of 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane is formed. The base member 8 is slidably engaged with a Z-axis guide rail 8c disposed on the bed 2 so as to extend in the Z-axis direction. It is movable.

On the inclined support surface 8 a of the base member 8, a swivel base 9 is disposed so as to be capable of swiveling around a swivel axis a perpendicular to the slant support surface 8 a, and a table support portion 9 a formed integrally with the swivel base 9. The table body 10 is disposed so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis b which forms 45 ° with respect to the turning axis a.

A workpiece W is mounted on the table body 10 and fixed by a fixing member 10a. The rotation axis b is vertical when the swivel base 9 is at the angular position shown in FIG. 4, and is horizontal when the swivel base 9 is at the angular position shown in FIG. That is, the table body 10 is rotatable about the vertical axis b and the horizontal axis b ′. The table body 10 can be rotated at an arbitrary angle between the vertical and horizontal directions.

Here, the height H of the table body 10 from the ground plane G- is set to a height near the waist of the operator M, and the stroke h for detaching the workpiece W from the table body 10 is caused by the fixing member 10a. It is sufficient to exceed the height, so that the conveyance height when the workpiece W is transferred to the adjacent machine tool can be kept low. In addition, since the stroke h is small, the work transfer cycle time can be shortened, and the lifting mechanism for securing the stroke h can also have a simple structure, thereby realizing an inexpensive work transfer with a short cycle time.

The spindle device 4 includes a column 11 erected on the back side of the bed 2, a support plate 12 disposed on the front surface of the column 11, a spindle head 13 fixed to the support plate 12, And a main shaft 14 rotatably disposed in the main shaft head 13.

The column 11 is slidably engaged with an X-axis guide rail 11a fixed on the bed 2 and extending in the X-axis direction, and a slider (not shown) fixed to the bottom surface of the column 11 is slidably engaged in the X-axis direction. It is movable.

The support plate 12 is slidably engaged with a Y-axis guide rail 12a fixed to the front surface of the column 11 and extending in the Y-axis direction, and a slider 12b fixed to the support plate 12 is slidable. Thus, the Y-axis feed screw 12d is driven to rotate so that it can move in the Y-axis direction.

The tool changer 5 is disposed on the left side of the bed 2 with respect to the spindle device 4 and includes a tool magazine 15 provided with a number of tools T on the periphery of an annular conveying chain 15a. A tool change arm 16 is provided between the main shaft 14 and a tool on the tool magazine 15 side to exchange a tool on the main shaft 14 side.

An access space A that allows the operator M to access the tool changer 5 from the front of the machine on the bed 2 on the side where the tool changer 5 is disposed and on the left side of the inclined table 3. Is formed. This access space A is constituted by a notch 2 a formed in a part of the bed 2.

In addition, 17 is a machine body cover, and this machine body cover 17 surrounds the tool side part of the said inclination table 3 and the main axis | shaft 14 except the said access space A and the tool change apparatus 5. FIG. That is, the machine body cover 17 does not become an obstacle when the operator M accesses the tool changer 5.

According to the first embodiment, the main shaft 14 is disposed so as to be movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the tool changer 5 is disposed on the side of the bed 2, and the tilt table 3 is movable in the Z-axis direction. Therefore, an access space A free of obstacles can be secured on the side of the tilt table 3 in the X-axis direction, and the operator M can access the tool changer 5 from the front of the machine using the space A. Therefore, compared with the case where the tool changer is accessed from the side of the machine, the interval D when the plurality of machine tools 1, 1 are arranged in parallel can be narrowed, which is necessary for the installation of the plurality of machine tools 1, 1. The installation area can be reduced.

In addition, the transfer height when the workpiece is transferred between the machine tools 1 and 1 arranged in parallel can be kept low, and the stroke when the workpiece W is seated on and removed from the table body 10 can be shortened. Therefore, the cycle time of the workpiece conveyance can be shortened, the structure of the lifting mechanism can be simplified, and low-cost workpiece conveyance can be realized.

In the first embodiment, the case where the tilt table 3 is configured to be movable in the Z-axis direction has been described. However, in the invention of claim 1 of the present application, the tilt table 3 may be fixed on the bed 2. good. When the tilt table 3 is fixed on the bed 2 in this way, a feeding mechanism or the like is not required, so that the size can be reduced and the access space A can be secured more reliably.
Further, when the tilt table 3 is fixed, the main shaft 14 is configured to be movable in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions.

6 to 9 are views for explaining a machine tool according to a second embodiment of the invention of claim 2 of the present application, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 5 denote the same or corresponding parts.

In the second embodiment, the column 11 of the spindle device 4 is provided with a slider 11c fixed to the bottom surface of the column on Z-axis guide rails 11b and 11b extending in the Z-axis direction that are arranged and fixed on the back side portion on the bed 2. It is movable in the Z-axis direction by being slidably engaged.

The tilt table 3 is disposed on the front side portion of the bed 2 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by the X-axis slide mechanism 19. The X-axis slide mechanism 19 includes a back-side slider 18d and a near-side slider fixed to the bottom surface of the base member 8 on the back-side guide rail 18a and the near-side guide rail 18b disposed on the bed 2 and extending in the X-axis direction. It is comprised by engaging 18c so that sliding is possible.

Specifically, a step 2b is formed in the lower part of the base member 8 of the bed 2 so as to be positioned on the upper side in the Y-axis direction from the other parts, and a portion corresponding to the step 2b of the base member 8 is formed. Is formed so that the notch 8d is positioned higher than the other parts. The front guide rail 18b is fixed on the stepped portion 2b, and the front slider 18c is fixed to the notch portion 8d. The back guide rail 18a is disposed adjacent to the step 2b. In this way, the tilt table 3 is movable in the X-axis direction.

Further, an opening 17a is formed in a portion of the body cover 17 facing the tilting table 3, and the opening 17a can be opened and closed by left and right doors 17b and 17b arranged to be slidable in the left and right directions. It has become.

Furthermore, on the left and right sides of the body cover 17, inline transfer openings 17c and 17c are formed. Although not shown, an in-line transport device is disposed on the left and right of the tilt table 3. This in-line conveying device is a conveying device that conveys the workpiece W on the table main body 10 in the X-axis direction in a state where the workpiece W is lifted to the extent that it is detached from the seating surface, and delivers it to the adjacent machine tool.

In this case, as described above, since the table main body 10 is located in a relatively low place, the inline transfer device and the opening 17c are arranged in a relatively low place. As a result, the conveyance height can be kept low, and the lifting mechanism of the workpiece can be made simple.

According to the second embodiment, the front guide rail 18b of the X-axis slide mechanism 19 that enables the tilt table 3 to be moved in the X-axis direction is arranged on the upper side in the Y-axis direction, that is, at a high position from the back guide rail 18a. Therefore, the front guide rail 18b located at a high position is stretched against the cutting load F in the Z-axis direction by the main shaft 14, and the cutting load F can be efficiently borne. Therefore, the machine structure for bearing the cutting load, and thus each machine tool can be made compact, and as a result, the installation area required for installing a plurality of machine tools can be reduced.

  In addition, since an opening 17a is provided at a substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the body cover 17, that is, a portion facing the tilting table 3, the opening 17a is opened and closed by the left, right-open left and right doors 17b and 17b. The operator M can access the workpiece W on the tilt table 3 and the tool holding portion of the spindle 14 from the front of the machine, does not need to work from the side of the machine, and narrows the interval D when arranging a plurality of machine tools in parallel. The required installation area can be reduced.

FIGS. 10 and 11 are views for explaining a machine tool according to a third embodiment of the invention of claim 2 of the present application, in which the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  In the third embodiment, the column 11 is erected so as to be immovable on the back side and the side of the bed 2. A spindle head support member 20 is disposed on the right side surface of the column 11. The spindle head support member 20 is fixed to the column 11 and supported by the Y axis guide rails 11d and 11d extending in the Y axis direction. The slider 20a fixed to the member 20 is slidably engaged to move in the Y-axis direction.

A spindle head 13 is disposed in the spindle head support member 20 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and a spindle 14 is rotatably disposed in the spindle head 13.

The tilt table 3 can be moved in the X-axis direction by an X-axis slide mechanism 19 provided in the step 2b of the bed 2.

In the third embodiment, the column 11 is erected on the back side and the side portion of the bed 2 so as to be immovable, so that the longitudinal length of the machine can be shortened as compared with the case where the column is arranged behind the spindle head. In addition, in the support structure of the tilting table 3, the same effect as the second embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since the Y-axis moving mechanism can be provided on one side surface of the spindle column and the magazine can be provided on the other side surface, the lateral width dimension of the entire machine can be configured more compactly.

1 5-axis horizontal machining center (machine tool)
2 Bed 3 Inclined table 5 Tool changer 8 Base member 8a Inclined support surface 9 Swivel member 10 Table body 14 Main shaft 17 Machine body cover 17a Opening 17b Door 17c Inline transfer opening 18a Back side guide rail 18b Front side guide rail 19 X-axis slide Mechanism A Access space M Operator

Claims (4)

A tilting table in which a swivel member is pivotably disposed on an inclined support surface of a base member mounted on the bed, and a table body is rotatably disposed on the swivel member;
In a machine tool comprising a spindle disposed on the bed so as to be movable in the axial direction,
The main shaft is at least one of the left-right direction (X-axis direction), the up-down direction (Y-axis direction), and the main-axis axis direction (Z-axis direction) on the back side of the bed in the machine front view. It is arranged to be movable in the axial direction,
The inclined table is arranged on the front side of the bed so as to be movable or fixed in the Z-axis direction,
A tool changer is disposed on the back side and the side of the bed,
An access space for allowing an operator to access the tool changer from the front of the machine is provided on the side of the bed on the side where the tool changer is disposed and on the side of the inclined table. Machine Tools. A tilting table in which a swivel member is pivotably disposed on an inclined support surface of a base member mounted on the bed, and a table body is rotatably disposed on the swivel member;
In a machine tool comprising a spindle disposed on the bed so as to be movable in the axial direction,
The main shaft is disposed on the back side of the bed in a machine front view so as to be movable in a vertical direction (Y-axis direction) and a main shaft axis direction (Z-axis direction),
The tilt table is disposed on the front side of the bed so as to be movable in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) via an X-axis slide mechanism,
The X-axis slide mechanism has a back guide rail that extends in the X-axis direction and is fixed to the back side near the main shaft on the bed, and a front guide rail fixed to a far front side, The machine tool characterized in that the front guide rail is disposed on the upper side in the Y-axis direction from the back guide rail. The machine tool according to claim 2,
A machine tool characterized in that at least a tool side portion of the tilt table and the spindle is surrounded by a machine body cover, an opening is provided in a substantially central portion in the left-right direction of the machine body cover, and a door for opening and closing the opening is provided. The machine tool according to claim 3,
An in-line transfer opening for transferring a work on the table body in the X-axis direction is provided on the left and right sides of the machine body cover.

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