JP2015526551A - 水素化処理方法および水素化処理システム - Google Patents
水素化処理方法および水素化処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015526551A JP2015526551A JP2015523343A JP2015523343A JP2015526551A JP 2015526551 A JP2015526551 A JP 2015526551A JP 2015523343 A JP2015523343 A JP 2015523343A JP 2015523343 A JP2015523343 A JP 2015523343A JP 2015526551 A JP2015526551 A JP 2015526551A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910003294 NiMo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010952 in-situ formation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 63
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 375 ° C. or higher Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009789 rate limiting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、水素化処理の方法および水素化処理システムに関する。
バイオマスを熱分解して、バイオ原油を生成するすることができる。バイオ原油は、その後、水素化処理され、バイオ燃料を生成することができる。しかしながら、水素化処理を行うときに、バイオマスの熱分解により生成されたバイオ原油の組成は、注目すべき課題となっている。
本発明の第1局面によれば、水素化処理方法が提供される。この方法は、水素化処理に適した材料を提供するステップと、材料を水素化剤と混合し、材料および水素化剤の混合物を含む供給流を形成するステップと、材料の化学結合を破壊するために、触媒の存在下で供給流を加熱するステップとを含む。材料から形成されるコークスを最小化するために、供給流は、触媒が材料中の破壊された結合と反応する活性化水素を提供できる温度以上に加熱される。
熱を生成物流から供給流に伝達することは、熱伝達が発生しなかった場合に比べて、方法のエネルギー効率を増加する。供給流が水を含む場合には、熱を生成物流から供給流に伝達することは、供給流の水の少なくとも一部を蒸発させることを促進することができる。
当然のことながら、熱源は、材料の水素化処理中に発生する発熱反応によって提供されてもよい。
第3または第4局面に係るシステムの材料は、バイオ原油であってもよい。第3または第4局面に係るシステムの材料は、水素化処理されることができるが触媒により提供された活性化水素の非存在下で望ましくない反応を起こすことができる生物材料、製薬材料または任意の材料であってもよい。このような無公害のバイオ原油は、当該分野の当業者に知られているさまざまな方法を用いて、バイオマスの熱分解処理、水熱処理または液化処理により得ることができる。
添付の概略図を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態を例示のみとして説明する。
第2水素流が熱交換領域214を通過するときに、熱は、第2水素流に伝達される(ステップ110)。よって、たとえば、第2水素流が供給流と混合するときに、第2水素流は、熱交換コイル228から得られた熱を供給流に伝達することができる。
Claims (55)
- 水素化処理方法であって、
水素化処理に適した材料を提供するステップと、
前記材料を水素化剤と混合し、前記材料および前記水素化剤の混合物を含む供給流を形成するステップと、
前記材料の化学結合を破壊するために、触媒の存在下で前記供給流を加熱するステップとを含み、
前記材料から形成されるコークスを最小化するために、前記供給流は、前記触媒が前記材料中の破壊された結合と反応する活性化水素を提供できる温度以上に加熱される、方法。 - 前記水素化剤は、水素または水素含有反応剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、前記触媒と接触するときに加熱され、
前記材料から形成されるコークスを最小化するために、前記触媒は、前記破壊された結合と反応する活性化水素を提供できる温度以上に予め加熱されている、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記触媒の存在下で前記供給流を加熱する前に、供給流を前記材料から形成されたコークスが前記触媒の活性を実質的に低下させる所定温度未満の温度に維持するステップをさらに含む、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流が第2領域に配置された触媒と接触する前に、前記所定温度以上にある第1領域に配置された前記材料の滞留時間を充分に減少させる線速度を有するように、前記水素化剤を前記材料と混合することにより、前記供給流を前記所定温度未満の温度に維持する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流を前記第2領域に直接導くことによって、前記供給流を前記所定温度未満の温度に維持する、請求項4または請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、前記供給流が流れることができる供給流出口を備える流路を通って導かれ、
前記供給流出口は、前記供給流の少なくとも一部が前記供給流出口から前記第2領域に直接流入するように、前記第2領域にまたはそれに隣接するように配置される、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記供給流が前記供給流出口を通過するときに、前記供給流を散布または噴霧するように、流体散布装置が前記供給流出口に設けられている、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流が前記触媒の存在下で少なくとも部分的に反応して生成物流を形成するように、前記供給流を前記触媒と接触するように導くステップと、前記生成物流から前記供給流に熱を伝達するステップとをさらに含む、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水素流を用いて、前記生成物流から前記供給流に熱を伝達する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流の少なくとも一部が、前記生成物流が流通する熱交換器から熱を取得するように、前記水素流を導く、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流を前記供給流と混合することにより、前記水素流により得られた熱を前記供給流に伝達する、請求項10または請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流は、触媒の存在下で反応に使用される、請求項10から12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、第1領域を通過して第2領域において反応し、得られた生成物流は、熱が前記生成物流から前記供給流に伝達される前記第1領域に導かれる、請求項9から13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1領域および前記第2領域は、反応器の内部に配置される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記第1領域の少なくとも一部は、前記反応器の外部に配置され、前記第2領域は、前記反応器の内部に配置される、請求項14に記載の方法、
- 前記生成物流は、前記第2領域を経由して前記第1領域に導かれる、請求項14から16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記材料は、バイオ原油である、請求項1から17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記材料は、水素化処理されることができるが触媒により提供された活性化水素の非存在下で望ましくない反応を起こすことができる生物材料、製薬材料または任意の材料である、請求項1から17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、ニッケル系触媒またはコバルト系触媒である、請求項1から19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、予め硫化されたまたは現場で硫化されるNiMo触媒またはCoMo触媒である、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、前記供給材料および/または水素化剤から活性化水素の現場形成を触媒することができる触媒種を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 水素化処理方法であって、
供給流が触媒の存在下で少なくとも部分的に反応して生成物流を形成するように、前記供給流を前記触媒と接触するように導くステップを含み、前記供給流は、水素化処理に適した材料および水素化剤を含み、および
熱を前記生成物流から前記供給流に伝達するステップを含む、方法。 - 前記水素化剤は、水素または水素含有反応剤である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、水を含み、
前記生成物流から前記供給流に熱を伝達するステップは、前記供給流の前記水の少なくとも一部を蒸発させることを促進する、請求項23または請求項24に記載の方法。 - 水素流を用いて、熱を前記生成物流から前記供給流に伝達する、請求項23から25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流の少なくとも一部が、前記生成物流が流通する熱交換器から熱を取得するように、前記水素流を導く、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流を前記供給流と混合することにより、前記水素流により得られた熱を前記供給流に伝達する、請求項26または27に記載の方法。
- 前記水素流は、触媒の存在下で反応に使用される、請求項26から28のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、第1領域を通過して、前記触媒が配置されている第2領域において反応し、得られた生成物流は、前記生成物流から前記供給流に熱が伝達される前記第1領域に導かれる、請求項23から29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1領域および前記第2領域は、反応器の内部に配置される、請求項30に記載の方法。
- 前記第1領域の少なくとも一部は、前記反応器の外部に配置され、前記第2領域は、前記反応器の内部に配置される、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記生成物流は、前記第2領域からまたは前記第2領域を経由して前記第1領域に導かれる、請求項30から32のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記材料の化学結合を破壊するために、触媒の存在下で前記供給流を加熱するステップをさらに含み、
前記材料から形成されるコークスを最小化するために、前記供給流は、前記触媒が前記材料中の破壊された結合と反応する活性化水素を提供できる温度以上に加熱される、請求項23から33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記触媒の存在下で前記供給流を加熱する前に、前記供給流を前記材料から形成されたコークスが前記触媒の活性を実質的に低下させる所定温度未満の温度に維持するステップをさらに含む、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流が第2領域における触媒と接触する前に、第1領域における前記材料の滞留時間を充分に減少させる線速度を有するように、前記水素化剤を前記材料と混合することにより、前記供給流を前記所定温度未満の温度に維持する、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流を前記第2領域に直接導くことによって、前記供給流を前記所定温度未満の温度に維持する、請求項35または請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記供給流は、前記供給流が流れることができる供給流出口を備える流路を通って導かれ、
前記供給流出口は、前記供給流の少なくとも一部が前記供給流出口から前記第2領域に直接流入するように、前記第2領域にまたはそれに隣接するように配置される、請求項37に記載の方法。 - 前記供給流が前記供給流出口を通過するときに、前記供給流を散布または噴霧するように流体散布装置が前記供給流出口に設けられている、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 流体散布装置は、散布器または噴霧器である、請求項39に記載の方法。
- 前記材料は、バイオ原油である、請求項23から40のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記材料は、水素化処理されることができるが触媒により提供された活性化水素の非存在下で望ましくない反応を起こすことができる生物材料、製薬材料または任意の材料である、請求項23から40のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、ニッケル系触媒またはコバルト系触媒である、請求項23から42のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、予め硫化されたまたは現場で硫化されるNiMo触媒またはCoMo触媒である、請求項43に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、前記供給材料および/または水素化剤から活性化水素の現場形成を触媒することができる触媒種を含む、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 水素化処理システムであって、
触媒が配置されている反応領域と、
水素化処理に適した材料を提供するための第1投入部と、
前記材料と混合されたときに供給流を形成するための水素化剤流を提供するための第2投入部とを含み、前記供給流は、前記材料と前記水素化剤との混合物を含み、
前記材料と前記水素流を受け入れるように構成された供給流路を含み、前記供給流路はさらに、得られた供給流を前記触媒が配置されている前記反応領域に導くように構成され、
前記材料の化学結合を破壊するために、前記触媒の存在下で前記供給流を加熱するように、熱を前記反応領域に供給するための熱源を含み、前記材料から形成されるコークスを最小化するために、前記供給流は、前記触媒が前記材料中の破壊された結合と反応する活性化水素を提供できる温度以上に加熱され、
生成物および前記供給流の任意の未反応成分を前記水素化処理システムから排出するための排出路を含む、システム。 - 前記水素化剤は、水素または水素含有反応剤である、請求項46に記載のシステム。
- 前記熱源は、前記材料の水素化処理中に発生する発熱反応によって提供される、請求項46または47に記載のシステム。
- 水素化処理システムであって
触媒が配置されている反応領域と、
供給流が触媒の存在下で少なくとも部分的に反応して生成物流を形成するように、供給流を前記反応領域に配置されている前記触媒と接触するように導くように構成された供給流路とを含み、前記供給流は、水素化処理に適した材料および水素化剤を含み、
前記生成物流を受け入れ、かつ、前記生成物流から前記供給流に熱を伝達するように構成された熱交換器と、
生成物および前記供給流の任意の未反応成分を前記水素化処理システムから排出するための排出路とを含む、システム。 - 前記水素化剤は、水素または水素含有反応剤である、請求項49に記載の水素化処理システム。
- 前記材料は、バイオ原油である、請求項46から50のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記材料は、水素化処理されることができるが触媒により提供された活性化水素の非存在下で望ましくない反応を起こすことができる生物材料、製薬材料または任意の材料である、請求項46から50のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒は、予め硫化されたまたは現場で硫化されるNiMo触媒またはCoMo触媒である、請求項46から52のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記触媒は、前記供給材料および/または水素化剤から活性化水素の現場形成を触媒することができる触媒種を含む、請求項53に記載のシステム。
- 前記システムは、石油精製システムのようなさらなるシステムの構成要素である、請求項46から54のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
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FR2951734B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-27 | 2012-08-03 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrotraitement de charges issues de sources renouvelables avec chauffe indirecte |
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- 2013-07-24 KR KR20157004522A patent/KR20150038221A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2013-07-24 WO PCT/AU2013/000825 patent/WO2014015380A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2013-07-24 CN CN201380039059.5A patent/CN104508085B/zh active Active
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WO2014015380A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
IN2015MN00037A (ja) | 2015-10-16 |
EP2877555A4 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
US20150232764A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
CA2876924A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
AU2013296143B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
BR112015001274A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
KR20150038221A (ko) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2877555A1 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
JP6300798B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 |
AU2013296143A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
SG11201408531TA (en) | 2015-02-27 |
ES2786132T3 (es) | 2020-10-08 |
CA2876924C (en) | 2020-12-29 |
NZ703231A (en) | 2016-12-23 |
CN104508085A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
CN104508085B (zh) | 2017-08-25 |
EP2877555B1 (en) | 2020-03-18 |
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