JP2015515924A - 水銀、硫黄酸化物およびHClを低減するためのドライ方法、装置、組成物およびシステム - Google Patents
水銀、硫黄酸化物およびHClを低減するためのドライ方法、装置、組成物およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015515924A JP2015515924A JP2015510433A JP2015510433A JP2015515924A JP 2015515924 A JP2015515924 A JP 2015515924A JP 2015510433 A JP2015510433 A JP 2015510433A JP 2015510433 A JP2015510433 A JP 2015510433A JP 2015515924 A JP2015515924 A JP 2015515924A
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- Prior art keywords
- copper
- mercury
- adsorbent
- hydrate
- purification composition
- Prior art date
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 24
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- OMKPRTQVLDBJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;magnesium;dicarbonate;hydrate Chemical compound [OH-].[Mg+2].[Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O OMKPRTQVLDBJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZURAKLKIKYCUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;azane Chemical compound N.[Cu+2] ZURAKLKIKYCUJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 copper diammonium acetate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical compound [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940108925 copper gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SCGPVIFQNIQMRI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Cu++].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Cu++].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O SCGPVIFQNIQMRI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- PCUXAGHYTREZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M azanium;copper(1+);diacetate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cu+].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PCUXAGHYTREZMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- TYFZEZROZITSNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L azanium;copper;triacetate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O TYFZEZROZITSNY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Cu].CC(O)=CC(C)=O.CC(O)=CC(C)=O ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O NWFNSTOSIVLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diformate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FWBOFUGDKHMVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicopper;2-oxidopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)CC([O-])(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O FWBOFUGDKHMVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WJMJNUHFVAOMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetraazanium copper trisulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Cu++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O WJMJNUHFVAOMEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- SUEFKXVLPXYYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Cu] Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+].[Cu] SUEFKXVLPXYYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJIHHCVBCQLUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese mercury Chemical compound [Mn].[Hg] XJIHHCVBCQLUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012702 metal oxide precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFSVSXMRDKPOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoiodine(.) Chemical class I[O] AFSVSXMRDKPOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJAAJNPGRSCJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraaluminum;trisilicate Chemical class [Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IJAAJNPGRSCJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WNVQBUHCOYRLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(=O)NC(N)=O WNVQBUHCOYRLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2013年4月1日に提出された同時係属する米国特許出願第13/854361号に関するものであり、2012年5月1日に提出された同時係属する米国仮特許出願第61/641055号の優先権を主張しており、全体において、その両方の記載はここに組み込まれる。
Claims (27)
- 燃焼器からの水銀の排出を低減するための方法であって、
a.銅ベース水銀浄化組成物を供給するための燃焼器内の位置を特定することと、
b.前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物のための物理的形態および注入パラメーターを決定することと、
c.水銀と反応するために効果的な条件下で、前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物を注入することと、
d.ガス内に同伴されている、前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物と反応した水銀の少なくとも一部を含む、固形分を収集することと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、1000°F未満の温度で導入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドロマイト水和物吸着剤が、約25から約350ミクロンの平均直径を有する液滴におけるスラリーとして、約1000°F未満の温度で導入される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- ドロマイト水和物吸着剤が、約25から約350ミクロンの平均直径を有する液滴におけるスラリーとして、約1000°F未満の温度で、前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物とは別々に導入される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 酸化マンガンスラリーが、1000°F未満の温度で導入される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酸化マンガンスラリーは、水中に約1重量%から約40重量%の水和酸化マンガン固形分を含有するように特徴付けられる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 酸化マンガンをスラリー化し、温度が約300°Fから約900°Fの範囲である予熱器の直前で、燃料1トン当たり約3から約20ポンドの割合の酸化マンガンを、燃焼排ガスへと供給する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記酸化マンガンを、導入前に、前記ドロマイト水和物吸着剤および前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物のいずれか、または両方と予め混合し、温度が約300°Fから450°Fの範囲である空気予熱器の後に、少なくとも酸化マンガンを導入する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ドロマイト水和物吸着剤は、300°Fから約700°Fの範囲の温度で導入される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤は、約25から約350ミクロンの平均直径を有する液滴として導入される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤は、燃料1トン当たり約25から約100ポンドの範囲のドロマイト水和物の供給率で導入される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ドロマイト水和物は、燃焼排ガス中のSO2の重量に対するドロマイト水和物の重量比が、約0.15:1から約1.4:1で使用される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、銅ベース水銀浄化組成物に対するドロマイト水和物吸着剤(ドロマイト水和物吸着剤:銅ベース水銀浄化組成物)の重量比(ドライベース)が、約100:1から約1:1の範囲で、前記ドロマイト水和物吸着剤と共に使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、酢酸銅アンモニウム、二酢酸銅二アンモニウム、三酢酸銅アンモニウム、酢酸銅三アンモニウム、硫酸銅四アンモニウム、グルコン酸銅(およびこれらの水和物)、ならびに、これらの任意の混合物からなる群から選択される銅組成物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法(別の観点からは、前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、式Cu(NH3)x(低級カルボン酸)yによって規定される組成物からなる群から選択されるメンバーであり得、前記低級カルボン酸はギ酸、酢酸およびプロピオン酸からなる群から選択され、xは0から4の整数であり、yは0から2の整数であり、x+yは1以上である)。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、銅低級カルボン酸塩およびアンモニウム低級カルボン酸塩の水性銅アンモニウム低級カルボン酸塩複合体を含んでいる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、銅低級カルボン酸塩およびアンモニウム低級カルボン酸塩の水性銅アンモニウム低級カルボン酸塩複合体を含み、
当該複合体は、約2重量部のアンモニウム低級カルボン酸塩に対して二水和物として測定される約13重量部の銅低級カルボン酸塩、および、約10重量部の29パーセントアンモニア水を含有し、
前記溶液のpHは約7.1から7.4の範囲である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、銅アセチルアセトナートおよびその水和物、クエン酸銅およびその水和物、ギ酸銅およびその水和物、酢酸銅一水和物、硝酸銅およびその水和物、銅2,4−ペンタンジオネートおよびその水和物、硫酸銅およびその水和物、グルコン酸銅およびその水和物、脂肪酸の銅石鹸、ならびに、これらの任意の混合物からなる群から選択されるメンバーを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、二酢酸銅二アンモニウムを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、C2H7CuNO2の実験式を有する銅アンモニウム複合体を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤は、水中に約25から約45重量%のドロマイト水和物固形分を含有するスラリーとして注入される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤は、約1から約5ミクロン(μ)の質量平均粒径を有する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ドロマイト水和物吸着剤は、少なくとも約25重量%の固形分濃度でスラリーを形成するように、好ましくは水と混合される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記銅ベース水銀浄化組成物は、導入ゾーン内に複数のノズルを備える注入手段によって注入され、
前記ノズルは、前記導入ゾーン内の少なくとも90%の適用範囲(被度)を達成するように配置される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - ガス流内の水銀を低減するための装置であって、
a.燃料の燃焼によって生じる燃焼排ガスのための経路上の位置に配置され、前記燃焼排ガス中の水銀の濃度に対する所定の割合で水銀浄化組成物を供給することができる注入手段と、
b.前記水銀浄化組成物と接触した水銀を含む固形分を収集するための粒子状物質収集手段と、
を備える、装置。 - ガス流内の水銀を低減するためのシステムであって、
a.水銀浄化組成物を供給するための燃焼器およびその配管内の位置を特定し、前記水銀浄化組成物のための物理的形態および注入パラメーターを決定するためのコンピュータモデリング手段と、
b.燃焼排ガスのための経路上の位置に配置され、前記経路中の測定された水銀の濃度に対する所定の割合で水銀浄化組成物を供給することができる注入手段と、
c.前記ガス流から粒子を収集するための粒子状物質収集機器と、
d.前記コンピューターモデリング手段によって決定された物理的形態および注入パラメーターを達成するための制御手段と、
を備える、システム。 - ガス流内の水銀を低減するための組成物であって、
銅ベース水銀浄化組成物および酸化マンガン吸着剤を含む、組成物。 - ドロマイト水和物吸着剤も含む、請求項26に記載の組成物。
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