JP2015211826A - 外科手術ステープラーのための射出アセンブリ - Google Patents

外科手術ステープラーのための射出アセンブリ Download PDF

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JP2015211826A
JP2015211826A JP2015060668A JP2015060668A JP2015211826A JP 2015211826 A JP2015211826 A JP 2015211826A JP 2015060668 A JP2015060668 A JP 2015060668A JP 2015060668 A JP2015060668 A JP 2015060668A JP 2015211826 A JP2015211826 A JP 2015211826A
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screw nut
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アラーニ アーネスト
Ernest Aranyi
アラーニ アーネスト
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/10Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for applying or removing wound clamps, e.g. containing only one clamp or staple; Wound clamp magazines
    • A61B17/105Wound clamp magazines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A61B2017/00473Distal part, e.g. tip or head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07278Stapler heads characterised by its sled or its staple holder
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2932Transmission of forces to jaw members
    • A61B2017/2933Transmission of forces to jaw members camming or guiding means
    • A61B2017/2936Pins in guiding slots

Abstract

【課題】取り外し可能な使い捨てローディングユニットのためのエンドエフェクターを提供する。
【解決手段】エンドエフェクター10は、互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎12および第2の顎14と、第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、親ねじナットであって、親ねじナットは、駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、駆動ねじが第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる、親ねじナットと、駆動梁であって、駆動梁は、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、駆動梁は、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、親ねじナットは、第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、駆動梁に対して前進させられる、駆動梁とを含む。
【選択図】図1

Description

背景
技術分野
本開示は、内視鏡外科手術手順を実施するための外科手術の装置、デバイスおよび/またはシステム、ならびにその使用方法に関する。より詳しくは、本開示は、組織を締め付け、切断し、および/またはステープル留めするための、取り外し可能な使い捨てローディングユニットおよび/または単回使用ローディングユニットとの使用のために構成されている電気機械式のハンドヘルドの外科手術装置、デバイスおよび/またはシステムに関する。
関連技術の説明
多くの外科手術デバイス製造業者が、電気機械式外科手術デバイスを動作させるため、および/または操作するための自社の駆動システムを備えている製品種目を開発している。いくつかの電気機械式外科手術デバイスは、再使用可能なハンドルアセンブリ、ならびに交換可能なローディングユニットおよび/または単回使用ローディングユニットなどを含み、交換可能なローディングユニットおよび/または単回使用ローディングユニットなどは、使用前にハンドルアセンブリに選択的に接続され、次に、処分されるために、またはいくつかの例において、再使用のために滅菌されるために、使用後にハンドルアセンブリから接続解除される。
これらの電気機械式外科手術デバイスの多くは、製造すること、購入すること、および/または動作させることが比較的高価である。製造すること、購入すること、および/または動作させることが比較的安価である電気機械式外科手術デバイスを開発することが、製造業者およびエンドユーザーによって望まれている。
従って、開発および製造、貯蔵および輸送が比較的経済的であり、そしてエンドユーザーの観点からは購入および使用が経済的かつ簡便である、電気機械式外科手術の装置、デバイスおよび/またはシステムが必要とされている。
概要
本開示の局面において、エンドエフェクターは、互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎部材および第2の顎部材と、駆動ねじと、親ねじナットと、駆動梁とを含む。駆動ねじは、第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する。親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、このねじ切りされたボアは、それを通して駆動ねじを受け取る。親ねじナットは、駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、駆動ねじが第1の方向と反対である第2の方向に回転する場合、駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、親ねじナットに解放可能に結合される。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、駆動梁は、親ねじナットによって引っ張られる。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、駆動梁は、親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、親ねじナットは、第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、駆動梁に対して前進させられる。駆動梁は、通路を規定し得、この通路は、この通路を通して駆動ねじを受け取る。
複数の局面において、エンドエフェクターは、そりを含み得、このそりは、チャネルを規定し、このチャネルは、駆動ねじを受け取り、そりを駆動ねじに沿って導くように構成されている。親ねじは、後退位置において、そりから間隔が空けられ、そりに対して近位に位置決めされている。親ねじナットは、第1の前進位置においてそりの近位表面を係合し得る。親ねじナットは、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、そりを遠位方向に押し得る。
いくつかの局面において、第1の顎は、カートリッジアセンブリを含み得、このカートリッジアセンブリは、その中に配置されているステープルを含む。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、そりは、ステープルをカートリッジアセンブリ内から第2の顎に向かって射出し得る。カートリッジアセンブリは、ステープルの各々と関連付けられているステープルプッシャーを含み得、そりは、ステープルプッシャーを連続して係合することにより、ステープルをカートリッジアセンブリ内から射出する。そりを押した後、親ねじナットが、第1の前進位置に後退させられる場合、そりは、第1の前進位置と第2の前進位置との間の位置において静止したままであり得る。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、親ねじナットは、駆動梁を後退位置に向かって押し、駆動梁に結合する。
特定の局面において、エンドエフェクターは、ラッチを含み、このラッチは、近位端と遠位端とを有する細長い部分を有する。細長い部分の近位端は、駆動梁に旋回可能に結合されており、細長い部分の遠位端は、ブリッジを含む。ブリッジは、親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、親ねじナットによって規定される切欠き内に受け取られることにより、駆動梁を親ねじナットに結合し得る。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置へ前進させられると、ブリッジは、切欠きの外に持ち上げられて、駆動梁を親ねじナットから切り離され得る。親ねじナットが第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、ブリッジは、切欠きの中に下げられて、駆動梁を親ねじナットに結合し得る。
特定の局面において、エンドエフェクターは、カム部材を含み、このカム部材は、駆動ねじに隣接して位置決めされ、カムスロットを規定する。カムスロットは、駆動ねじの長手方向軸と平行である第1の部分と、駆動ねじの長手方向軸に対して駆動ねじの長手方向軸から離れるある角度で、第1の部分から遠位方向に延びている第2の部分とを有し得る。細長い部分の遠位端は、ピンを含み得、このピンは、カムスロットの中にスライド可能に受け取られている。ブリッジは、ピンがカムスロットの第1の部分の中にある場合、切欠きの中に受け取られ得、ブリッジは、ピンがカムスロットの第2の部分に沿って遠位方向にスライドする場合、切欠きの外に持ち上げられ得る。
本開示の別の局面において、外科手術器具は、ハンドルと、ハンドルから延びているシャフトと、シャフトの遠位端において支持されているエンドエフェクターとを含む。エンドエフェクターは、本明細書中に開示されるエンドエフェクターのうちの任意のものであり得る。
本開示のさらに別の局面において、ステープルをカートリッジアセンブリから射出する方法は、エンドエフェクターを提供することと、カートリッジアセンブリを第1の顎に結合すること、親ねじナットを第1の前進位置に向かって前進させることと、親ねじナットを第1の前進位置から前進させることとを含む。エンドエフェクターは、本明細書中に開示されるエンドエフェクターのうちの任意のものであり得る。親ねじナットを第1の前進位置に向かって前進させることは、駆動ねじを第1の方向に回転させることによって達成される。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、親ねじナットによって引っ張られる。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に到達すると、親ねじナットから切り離される。親ねじナットが第1の位置から前進させられる場合、駆動梁は、静止したままであり、親ねじナットは、カートリッジアセンブリを通してそりを押すことにより、ステープルを連続して射出する。
複数の局面において、上記方法は、駆動ねじを第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させることによって親ねじナットを第2の前進位置から第1の前進位置に向かって後退させることを含む。そりは、親ねじナットが後退させられる場合、静止したままである。上記方法は、親ねじナットを第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させることを含み得る。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが第1の前進位置から後退させられる場合、親ねじナットに結合する。
いくつかの局面において、駆動梁は、駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの外に持ち上げることによって、親ねじナットから切り離される。
特定の局面において、駆動梁は、駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの中に下げることによって、親ねじナットに結合する。
さらに、本明細書中に記載される局面のうちの任意のものは、一貫した程度まで、本明細書中に記載される他の局面のうちの任意のものまたは全てとともに使用され得る。
本発明は、例えば以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
エンドエフェクターであって、該エンドエフェクターは、
互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、
親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取り、該親ねじナットは、該駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、該駆動ねじが該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる、親ねじナットと、
駆動梁であって、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合され、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、該親ねじナットは、該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、該駆動梁に対して前進させられる、駆動梁と
を含む、エンドエフェクター。
(項目2)
上記駆動梁は、通路を規定し、該通路は、該通路を通して上記駆動ねじを受け取る、上記項目に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目3)
そりをさらに含み、該そりは、チャネルを規定し、該チャネルは、上記駆動ねじを受け取り、該そりを該駆動ねじに沿って導くように構成されている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目4)
上記親ねじナットは、上記後退位置において、上記そりから間隔が空けられ、該そりに対して近位に位置決めされている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目5)
上記親ねじナットは、上記第1の前進位置において上記そりの近位表面を係合し、該親ねじナットは、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から上記第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該そりを遠位方向に押す、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目6)
上記第1の顎は、カートリッジアセンブリを含み、該カートリッジアセンブリは、その中に配置されているステープルを含み、上記親ねじナットが上記第1の前進位置から上記第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、上記そりは、該ステープルを該カートリッジアセンブリ内から上記第2の顎に向かって射出する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目7)
上記カートリッジアセンブリは、上記ステープルの各々と関連付けられているステープルプッシャーを含み、上記そりは、該ステープルプッシャーを連続して係合することにより、該ステープルを該カートリッジアセンブリ内から射出する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目8)
上記親ねじナットが、上記そりを押した後、上記第1の前進位置に後退させられる場合、該そりは、該第1の前進位置と上記第2の前進位置との間の位置において静止したままである、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目9)
上記親ねじナットが上記第1の前進位置から上記後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、該親ねじナットは、上記駆動梁を該後退位置に向かって押し、該駆動梁に結合する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目10)
ラッチをさらに含み、該ラッチは、細長い部分を含み、該細長い部分は、近位端と遠位端とを有し、該細長い部分の該近位端は、上記駆動梁に旋回可能に結合されており、該細長い部分の該遠位端は、ブリッジを含み、該ブリッジは、上記親ねじナットが上記後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットによって規定される切欠き内に受け取られることにより、該駆動梁を該親ねじナットに結合する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目11)
上記親ねじナットが上記第1の前進位置へ前進させられると、上記ブリッジは、上記切欠きの外に持ち上げられて、上記駆動梁を該親ねじナットから切り離される、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目12)
上記親ねじナットが上記第1の前進位置から上記後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、上記ブリッジは、上記切欠きの中に下げられて、上記駆動梁を該親ねじナットに結合する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目13)
カム部材をさらに含み、該カム部材は、上記駆動ねじに隣接して位置決めされ、カムスロットを規定し、該カムスロットは、該駆動ねじの上記長手方向軸と平行である第1の部分と、該駆動ねじの該長手方向軸に対して該駆動ねじの該長手方向軸から離れるある角度で、該第1の部分から遠位方向に延びている第2の部分とを有し、上記細長い部分の上記遠位端は、ピンを含み、該ピンは、該カムスロットの中にスライド可能に受け取られている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目14)
上記ブリッジは、上記ピンが上記カムスロットの上記第1の部分の中にある場合、上記切欠きの中に受け取られており、上記ブリッジは、該ピンが該カムスロットの上記第2の部分に沿って遠位方向にスライドする場合、該切欠きの外に持ち上げられる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目15)
外科手術器具であって、該外科手術器具は、
ハンドルと、
該ハンドルから遠位方向に延びているシャフトと、
該シャフトの遠位端において支持されているエンドエフェクターと
を含み、該エンドエフェクターは、
互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
長手方向軸を規定し、該第1の顎内に配置されている駆動ねじと、
親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取り、該親ねじナットは、該駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、該駆動ねじが該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる、親ねじナットと、
駆動梁であって、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合され、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、該親ねじナットは、該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、該駆動梁に対して前進させられる、駆動梁と
を含む、外科手術器具。
(項目16)
エンドエフェクターであって、該エンドエフェクターは、
第1の顎と、
該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、
親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取る、親ねじナットと、
後退位置において、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合されている駆動梁と、
該第1の顎に解放可能に結合されているカートリッジアセンブリであって、該カートリッジアセンブリは、ステープルを含む、カートリッジアセンブリと
を含み、該駆動ねじを第1の方向に回転させることによって該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置に到達すると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、
該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、静止したままであり、該親ねじナットは、該カートリッジアセンブリを通して該そりを押すことにより、該ステープルを連続して射出する、エンドエフェクター。
(項目17)
上記駆動ねじを上記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させることによって上記親ねじナットが上記第2の前進位置から上記第1の前進位置に向かって後退させられる場合、上記そりは、静止したままである、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目18)
上記親ねじナットは、上記第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させられ、上記駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から後退させられる場合、該親ねじナットに結合する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目19)
上記駆動梁は、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを上記親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの外に少なくとも持ち上げることによって切り離される、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目20)
上記駆動梁は、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを上記親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの中に少なくとも下げることによって、該親ねじナットに結合される、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載のエンドエフェクター。
(項目21)
外科手術エンドエフェクターであって、該外科手術エンドエフェクターは、
互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定するドライバー要素と、
該ドライバー要素に解放可能に結合されている駆動部材と
を含み、該駆動部材は、該ドライバー要素によって第1の前進位置に向かって引っ張られ、該第1の顎および該第2の顎の閉鎖位置に対応する所定の位置への到達時、該ドライバー要素から切り離され、該外科手術エンドエフェクターは、ステープルを該第1の顎から発射するためのそりを含み、該ドライバー要素は、該駆動部材が該ドライバー要素から切り離された後、該そりを移動させて、ステープルを発射させる、外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目22)
上記駆動部材は、I梁の形状を有する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目23)
上記ドライバー要素は、ねじ切りされた部材である、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目24)
内側がねじ切りされたナットをさらに含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目25)
上記駆動部材は、上記ナットに解放可能に結合され、該ナットは、上記ドライバー要素とねじ式に係合されている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目26)
上記駆動部材は、ラッチによって上記ナットに解放可能に結合されている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目27)
上記ラッチを係合解除するためのカムをさらに含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目28)
上記ナットは、上記ドライバー要素が第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該ドライバー要素に沿って前進させられ、該ドライバー要素が該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該ドライバー要素に沿って後退させられる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
(項目16A)
ステープルをカートリッジアセンブリから射出する方法であって、該方法は、
エンドエフェクターを提供することであって、該エンドエフェクターは、
第1の顎と、
該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、
親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取る、親ねじナットと、
後退位置において、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合されている駆動梁と
を含む、ことと、
カートリッジアセンブリを該第1の顎に結合することであって、該カートリッジアセンブリは、ステープルを含む、ことと、
該駆動ねじを第1の方向に回転させることによって該親ねじナットを第1の前進位置に向かって前進させることであって、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置に到達すると、該親ねじナットから切り離される、ことと、
該親ねじナットを該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に向かって前進させることであって、該駆動梁は、静止したままであり、該親ねじナットは、該カートリッジアセンブリを通して該そりを押すことにより、該ステープルを連続して射出する、ことと
を含む、方法。
(項目17A)
上記駆動ねじを上記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させることによって、上記親ねじナットを上記第2の前進位置から上記第1の前進位置に向かって後退させることをさらに含み、上記そりは、該親ねじナットが後退させられる場合、静止したままである、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目18A)
上記親ねじナットを上記第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させることをさらに含み、上記駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から後退させられる場合、該親ねじナットに結合する、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目19A)
上記駆動梁を切り離すことは、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを上記親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの外に少なくとも持ち上げることを含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(項目20A)
上記駆動梁を上記親ねじナットに結合することは、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを該親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの中に下げることを含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
(摘要)
エンドエフェクターは、第1の顎および第2の顎と、駆動ねじと、親ねじナットと、駆動梁とを含む。駆動ねじは、第1の顎内に配置されている。親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、このねじ切りされたボアは、駆動ねじを受け取る。親ねじナットは、駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、駆動ねじが第2の方向に回転する場合、駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、親ねじナットに解放可能に結合されている。親ねじナットが前進させられる場合、駆動梁は、親ねじナットによって引っ張られる。駆動梁は、親ねじナットが前進させられる場合、親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、親ねじナットは、駆動梁に対して前進させられる。
本開示の様々な局面が、図面を参照して以下に記載され、図面は、本明細書中に組み込まれ、本明細書の一部を構成する。
図1は、部品が分離されている、本開示に従う外科手術器具の斜視図である。 図2は、図1のエンドエフェクターの斜視図である。 図3は、上顎、および下顎のハウジングが取り除かれている、後退位置における図2のエンドエフェクターの側面斜視図である。 図4は、図3のエンドエフェクターの上面図である。 図5は、図4の線5−5に沿って得られる断面図である。 図6は、上顎、および下顎のハウジングが取り除かれている、第1の前進位置における図2のエンドエフェクターの側面斜視図である。 図7は、図6のエンドエフェクターの上面図である。 図8は、図7の線8−8に沿って得られる断面図である。 図9は、上顎、および下顎のハウジングが取り除かれている、第2の前進位置における図2のエンドエフェクターの側面斜視図である。 図10は、図9のエンドエフェクターの上面図である。 図11は、図10の線11−11に沿って得られる断面図である。
詳細な説明
次に、本開示の実施形態が、図面を参照して詳細に記載され、図面において、類似の参照数字は、数枚の図の各々における、同一の要素または対応する要素を表す。本明細書中で用いられる場合、用語「臨床医」は、医師、看護師、または任意の他の世話をする人を指し、援助要員を含み得る。本記載を通して、用語「近位」は、臨床医に最も近い、デバイスまたはその構成要素の部分を指し、用語「遠位」は、臨床医から最も遠い、デバイスまたはその構成要素の部分を指す。用語「左」および「右」は、それぞれ、外科手術のシステム、装置および/またはデバイスが回転していない構成に配向されているときに、電気機械式外科手術のシステム、装置および/またはデバイスの近位端から遠位端に向いているユーザーから見て、電気機械式外科手術のシステム、装置および/またはデバイス、あるいはその構成要素の、左(側)および右(側)にあるその部分を指す。
最初に図1を参照すると、本開示の実施形態に従うエンドエフェクターが示され、全体的に10と表されている。エンドエフェクター10は、様々な外科手術ステープル留め器具(例えば、手動または動力式外科手術ステープル留め器具)に接続され得る。例示の目的のために、エンドエフェクター10は、本明細書中で電気機械式ハンドヘルド動力式外科手術器具100の形態での外科手術の装置またはデバイスに接続するように構成されているものとして記載されている。外科手術器具100は、エンドエフェクター10に接続するアダプターアセンブリ(例えば、細長い本体)200を含む。エンドエフェクター10およびアダプターアセンブリ200は、電気機械式ハンドヘルド動力式外科手術器具100による作動および操作のために構成されている。特に、外科手術器具100、アダプターアセンブリ200、およびエンドエフェクター10は、外科手術器具100がアダプターアセンブリ200との選択的な接続のために構成され、次に、アダプターアセンブリ200が複数の異なるエンドエフェクターのうちの任意の1つとの選択的な接続のために構成されるように互いに分離可能である。
手短に言うと、ハンドヘルド外科手術器具100は、ハンドルハウジング102を含み、このハンドルハウジング102は、下方ハウジング部分104と、下方ハウジング部分104から延びているか、または下方ハウジング部分104において支持されている中間ハウジング部分106と、中間ハウジング部分106から延びているか、または中間ハウジング部分106において支持されている上方ハウジング部分108とを有する。中間ハウジング部分106および上方ハウジング部分108は、下方部分104と一体的に形成され、下方部分104から延びている遠位半体セクション110aと、近位半体セクション110bとに分離され、この近位半体セクション110bは、複数のファスナーによって遠位半体セクション110aに接続可能である。接合された場合、遠位半体セクション110aおよび近位半体セクション110bは、ハンドルハウジング102を規定し、このハンドルハウジング102は、その中に空洞(示されない)を有し、この空洞の中に回路基板(示されない)および駆動機構(示されない)が置かれている。
ハンドルが、手動で動作させられ得ること、モーターによって動力を供給され得ること、および/または1つもしくは複数のコンピューター処理コントローラーを含み得ることが企図される。エンドエフェクターは、取り外し可能、かつ交換可能であり得、ステープルカートリッジを収容し得、このステープルカートリッジも取り外し可能、かつ交換可能であり得る。エンドエフェクターおよび/またはカートリッジは、コンピューター処理マイクロチップまたは機械的特徴を含み得、コンピューター処理マイクロチップまたは機械的特徴は、それらの構成要素の識別において使用される。メモリーユニットが含まれ得る(例えば、EEPROM、同様のメモリーデバイス、および/またはDallas 1wireチップ)。アダプターは、別個に取り外し可能、かつ交換可能であり得るか、またはハンドルと一体的であり得、それ自体の識別特徴および/またはメモリー特徴を有し得る。
図1を引き続き参照すると、アダプターアセンブリ200は、外科手術器具100によって提供される回転力をエンドエフェクター10に伝えるように構成されている。アダプターアセンブリ200は、細長い実質的に剛な細長い本体部分210を含み、この細長い本体部分210は、近位端210aと遠位端210bとを有する。トランスミッションハウジング212は、細長い本体部分210の近位端210aに接続され、外科手術器具100への選択的な接続のために構成されている。アダプターアセンブリ200は、エンドエフェクター10に結合するために、遠位端210bに配置されている関節運動アセンブリ230を含む。アダプターアセンブリ200のトランスミッションハウジング212は、シャフト結合アセンブリ214を介して外科手術器具100の上方ハウジング部分108の接続部分108aに接続され、このシャフト結合アセンブリ214は、近位端210aにおいて支持されている。
電気機械式ハンドヘルド動力式外科手術器具およびアダプターの例示的な例は、2012年4月12日に米国特許公開第2012/0089131号として公開された、2011年12月20日に出願された共有に係る同時係属中の米国特許出願第13/331,047号、および2012年10月4日に米国特許公開第2012/0253329号として公開された、2012年5月31に出願された米国特許出願第13/484,975号に開示され、各々の内容は、これにより、それらの全体が参考として援用される。
図1および図2を参照すると、エンドエフェクター10は、第1の顎12を含み、この第1の顎12は、キャリアーまたはハウジング18を含み、キャリアーまたはハウジング18は、カートリッジアセンブリ16(図2)に解放可能に結合するように構成されている。エンドエフェクター10は、アンビルの形態での第2の顎14を含む。カートリッジアセンブリ16は、その中に配置されている1つ以上のファスナー310(図5)を収容し、器具100の発射時にファスナー310を配備するように構成されている。第2の顎14は、エンドエフェクター10に取り付けられ、第2の顎14は、第1の顎12と第2の顎14との間の組織を締め付けるために、第2の顎14がカートリッジアセンブリ16から離れるほうに間隔が空けられている開放位置と、第2の顎14がカートリッジアセンブリ16と密接に協働的に整列している閉鎖位置との間を第1の顎12に対して移動可能である。第2の顎14は、第1の顎12に旋回可能に取り付けられ得る。
図3〜図5を参照すると、顎ハウジング18は、駆動アセンブリを含み、この駆動アセンブリは、ステープル留め手順中に、アダプター200(図1)の1つ以上の駆動シャフト(明示的に示されない)によって及ぼされる回転駆動力を駆動ねじナット38に伝達するための軸方向の駆動ねじ20を含む。駆動ねじ20は、顎ハウジング18の中で回転可能に支持され、ねじ切りされた部分26と近位係合部分27とを含む。駆動ねじ20のねじ切りされた部分26は、駆動梁28を貫いて規定されるボア29(図5)を通って延びており、駆動ねじ20は、駆動梁28のボア29内で自由に回転する。駆動梁28は、詳細に下に記載されるように、駆動ねじ20によって規定される長手方向軸「A−A」に沿って長手方向に移動する。
駆動梁28は、スライド可能、かつ回転不能に顎ハウジング18内に配置されており、垂直支持支柱34とアバットメント表面36とを含み、このアバットメント表面36は、駆動ねじナット38を係合する。駆動梁28は、カム部材40も含み、このカム部材40は、垂直支持支柱34の上に配置されている。垂直支柱34は、長手方向スロット44(図2)を通って並進可能であり、この長手方向スロット44は、第2の顎14の外部カム作用表面42(図2)によって規定される。使用において、カム部材40は、第2の顎14の外部カム作用表面42を係合し、かつそれに沿って並進し、ファスナー310(図5)を射出する前に、第2の顎14を第1の顎12に対して進行的に閉じることにより、第1の顎12と第2の顎14との間に身体組織を捕捉する。
図3〜図5を引き続き参照すると、ラッチ46が示されており、このラッチ46は、第1の細長い部分、リンク、またはバー48aと、第2の細長い部分、リンク、またはバー48bとを含み、これらは、それらの近位端において、第1のピン50を介して駆動梁28に旋回可能に結合されている。ピン50は、駆動梁28の近位端に隣接して、垂直支持支柱34を通って延びている。
第1の細長い部分48aと第2の細長い部分48bとは、それらの遠位端52a、52bにおいて、ブリッジ54および第2のピン58を介して互いに接続されている。第2のピン58は、第1の細長い部分48aの遠位端52aおよびブリッジ54から側方に延びている側面突出部57aと、第2の細長い部分48bの遠位端52bおよびブリッジ54から側方に延びている側面突出部57bとを含む。ブリッジ54は、凹部56と係合して、および凹部56と係合せずに移動可能であり、この凹部56は、駆動ねじナット38の外側表面において形成され、駆動ねじナット38の近位端に隣接して規定される。
第1のカム部材60aおよび第2のカム部材60bは、顎ハウジング18内に位置決めされ、例えば、ねじ、リベットなどで顎ハウジング18の内部壁に結合される。第1のカム部材60aおよび第2のカム部材60bの各々は、その中に、それぞれの第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bを規定する。第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bは、各々、それぞれの第1のカム部分62a、62b、およびそれぞれの第2のカム部分64a、64bを含む。実施形態において、カム部材60a、60bのうちの一方のみが利用され、他方は省かれる。さらに、第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bは、本明細書中で、第1のカム部材60aおよび第2のカム部材60bの中に規定されるものとして記載されているが、第1のカム部材60aおよび第2のカム部材60bが省かれ得、第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bが、単純に、顎ハウジング18の内部壁の中に規定され得ることは、本開示の範囲内である。
駆動ねじナット38は、ねじ切りされたボア39(図5)を含み、このねじ切りされたボア39は、駆動ねじ20のねじ切りされた部分26にねじ式に結合され、その結果、駆動ねじ20が回転させられると、駆動ねじナット38が駆動ねじ20によって規定される長手方向軸「A−A」に沿って並進する。駆動ねじナット38は、より詳細に下に記載されるように、駆動ねじナット38がブリッジ54を介して駆動梁28に結合されている場合に駆動梁28を長手方向に並進させる。駆動ねじナット38は、下に詳述されるように、カートリッジアセンブリ16(図2)のそり22を係合することにより、ファスナー310をカートリッジ16から射出するように構成されている。
そり22は、外方および側方に延びているフランジ24を含み、フランジ24の間にチャネル25(図9)を規定する。そり22は、チャネル25がそり22の並進を長手方向軸A−Aに沿って導くように、駆動ねじ20を覆って位置決めされ、駆動ねじ20をチャネル25の中に受け取る。そり22は、直立したカムウェッジ23を有し、この直立したカムウェッジ23は、カートリッジアセンブリ16のプッシャー312にファスナー駆動力を及ぼすように構成されており、このプッシャー312は、ファスナー310をカートリッジアセンブリ16から駆動する。カートリッジアセンブリ16を通した駆動ねじナット38の前進は、作動そり22を並進させ、その結果、カムウェッジ23の角度付けされたリーディングエッジが連続してプッシャー312と接触し、プッシャー312が垂直に並進することをもたらし、それにより、ファスナー310をカートリッジアセンブリ16から押し付ける。
使用において、最初に、駆動アセンブリの駆動梁28は、ホーム位置または後退位置にあり、ラッチ46のブリッジ54は、図3〜図6に示されるように、駆動ねじナット38の凹部56内に位置決めされている。この位置において、ユーザーは、未使用の新しい消耗していないカートリッジアセンブリ16を第1の顎12の顎ハウジング18に結合し得る。
外科手術ステープラーが発射される場合、駆動ねじ20は、例えば、時計回りの方向へ回転させられ、駆動ねじナット38は、遠位方向に前進する。駆動ねじナット38が前進するにつれ、駆動ねじナット38は、駆動梁28を遠位方向に引っ張り、カム部材40が外側カム作用表面42に対してカム作用して第1の顎12と第2の顎14とを接近させるように、垂直支持支柱34をスロット44を通して並進させることによって、第2の顎14を閉じる。さらに、駆動梁28が前進させられる場合、第2のピン58の側面突出部57a、57bは、第1のカム部材60aおよび第2のカム部材60bの第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bを通ってスライドする。ラッチ46のブリッジ54は、第2のピン58の側面突出部57a、57bが第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bの第1のカム部分62a、62bに沿ってスライドする場合、駆動ねじナット38の凹部56内に位置決めされているままである。第2のピン58の側面突出部57a、57bが第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bの第2のカム部分64a、64bに沿ってスライドし始める場合、ラッチ46の第1の細長い部分48aおよび第2の細長い部分48bは、第1のピン50を介して駆動梁28の周りに旋回することにより、ブリッジ54を駆動ねじナット38の凹部56内から徐々に持ち上げ始める。
図6〜図8を参照すると、駆動梁28は、ブリッジ54が、もはや凹部56内に位置決めされなくなるように、第1の前進位置に向かって遠位方向に前進し続ける(例えば、第2のピン58の側面突出部57a、57bが第2のカム部分64a、64bの遠位端にスライドした)。この時点において、親ねじナット38は、駆動梁28を伴わずに遠位方向に前進し続ける。親ねじナット38が遠位方向に前進する場合、親ねじナット38は、そり22を係合することにより、第2の前進位置に向かってそり22を遠位方向に前進させるか、または押す。そり22が前進する場合、そり22は、カムウェッジ23を介してプッシャー312を係合することにより、ファスナー310をカートリッジアセンブリ16から射出する。親ねじナット38が駆動梁28を引っ張り、同時にそり22を押し得ることは、本開示の範囲内である。
カートリッジアセンブリ16が消耗されるか、またはステープル留め手順が停止されると、駆動ねじ20が反対方向(例えば、反時計回りの方向)に回転させられ、そのことは、駆動ねじナット38を後退位置に向かって後退させる。駆動ねじナット38が後退する場合、駆動ねじナット38は、駆動梁28のアバットメント表面36に接触して、駆動梁28を押すか、または後退させる。駆動梁28が駆動ねじナット38によって後退させられる場合、第2のピン58の側面突出部57a、57bは、第1のカムスロット61aおよび第2のカムスロット61bの第2のカム部分64a、64bに沿って近位方向にスライドし、ラッチ46の第1の細長い部分48aおよび第2の細長い部分48bが、第1のピン50を介して駆動梁28の周りを旋回することをもたらす。第2のカム部分64a、64bは、ブリッジ54を駆動ねじナット38の凹部56の中に設置し戻す。さらに、ブリッジ54および/または第2のピン50の重量は、ブリッジ54を駆動ねじナット38の凹部56の中に設置し戻すことを助け得る。駆動ねじナット38が後退させられる場合、そり22が遠位位置に留まることが認識される。
駆動ねじナット38および駆動梁28が後退位置にあると、未使用のカートリッジアセンブリ16が、顎12の顎ハウジング18に結合され得、それから外科手術ステープラーは、再度発射され得る。
前述のものから、および様々な図面を参照して、当業者は、本開示の範囲から外れることなく、特定の改変がまた、本開示に対してなされ得ることを認識する。例えば、エンドエフェクター10は、本明細書中に開示される実施形態のうちの任意のものにおいて、一体的なユニットとして構成され得る。エンドエフェクター10は、本明細書中に開示される実施形態のうちの任意のものにおいて、コンソールおよび/または外科手術ロボットとの使用のために構成され得る。
実施形態において、弾力のある部材(示されない)が、ラッチ46上に提供され得、この弾力のある部材は、ブリッジ54を駆動ねじナット38の凹部56の中へ下方に押し付けるように構成される。
本開示のいくつかの実施形態が図面に示されてきたが、本開示は当該分野が許容するのと同じくらい範囲が広いこと、および本明細書が同様に読まれることが意図されるので、本開示はそれらの実施形態に限定されることが意図されない。上の実施形態のうちの任意の組み合わせも想定され、それは、添付の特許請求の範囲の範囲内である。従って、上の記載は、限定するものではなく、単に特定の実施形態の例証と解釈されるべきである。当業者は、本明細書に添付される特許請求の範囲の趣旨および範囲内の他の改変を想定する。

Claims (28)

  1. エンドエフェクターであって、該エンドエフェクターは、
    互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
    該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、
    親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取り、該親ねじナットは、該駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、該駆動ねじが該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる、親ねじナットと、
    駆動梁であって、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合され、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、該親ねじナットは、該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、該駆動梁に対して前進させられる、駆動梁と
    を含む、エンドエフェクター。
  2. 前記駆動梁は、通路を規定し、該通路は、該通路を通して前記駆動ねじを受け取る、請求項1に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  3. そりをさらに含み、該そりは、チャネルを規定し、該チャネルは、前記駆動ねじを受け取り、該そりを該駆動ねじに沿って導くように構成されている、請求項1に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  4. 前記親ねじナットは、前記後退位置において、前記そりから間隔が空けられ、該そりに対して近位に位置決めされている、請求項3に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  5. 前記親ねじナットは、前記第1の前進位置において前記そりの近位表面を係合し、該親ねじナットは、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から前記第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該そりを遠位方向に押す、請求項3に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  6. 前記第1の顎は、カートリッジアセンブリを含み、該カートリッジアセンブリは、その中に配置されているステープルを含み、前記親ねじナットが前記第1の前進位置から前記第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、前記そりは、該ステープルを該カートリッジアセンブリ内から前記第2の顎に向かって射出する、請求項5に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  7. 前記カートリッジアセンブリは、前記ステープルの各々と関連付けられているステープルプッシャーを含み、前記そりは、該ステープルプッシャーを連続して係合することにより、該ステープルを該カートリッジアセンブリ内から射出する、請求項6に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  8. 前記親ねじナットが、前記そりを押した後、前記第1の前進位置に後退させられる場合、該そりは、該第1の前進位置と前記第2の前進位置との間の位置において静止したままである、請求項5に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  9. 前記親ねじナットが前記第1の前進位置から前記後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、該親ねじナットは、前記駆動梁を該後退位置に向かって押し、該駆動梁に結合する、請求項8に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  10. ラッチをさらに含み、該ラッチは、細長い部分を含み、該細長い部分は、近位端と遠位端とを有し、該細長い部分の該近位端は、前記駆動梁に旋回可能に結合されており、該細長い部分の該遠位端は、ブリッジを含み、該ブリッジは、前記親ねじナットが前記後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットによって規定される切欠き内に受け取られることにより、該駆動梁を該親ねじナットに結合する、請求項1に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  11. 前記親ねじナットが前記第1の前進位置へ前進させられると、前記ブリッジは、前記切欠きの外に持ち上げられて、前記駆動梁を該親ねじナットから切り離される、請求項10に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  12. 前記親ねじナットが前記第1の前進位置から前記後退位置に向かって後退させられる場合、前記ブリッジは、前記切欠きの中に下げられて、前記駆動梁を該親ねじナットに結合する、請求項11に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  13. カム部材をさらに含み、該カム部材は、前記駆動ねじに隣接して位置決めされ、カムスロットを規定し、該カムスロットは、該駆動ねじの前記長手方向軸と平行である第1の部分と、該駆動ねじの該長手方向軸に対して該駆動ねじの該長手方向軸から離れるある角度で、該第1の部分から遠位方向に延びている第2の部分とを有し、前記細長い部分の前記遠位端は、ピンを含み、該ピンは、該カムスロットの中にスライド可能に受け取られている、請求項10に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  14. 前記ブリッジは、前記ピンが前記カムスロットの前記第1の部分の中にある場合、前記切欠きの中に受け取られており、前記ブリッジは、該ピンが該カムスロットの前記第2の部分に沿って遠位方向にスライドする場合、該切欠きの外に持ち上げられる、請求項13に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  15. 外科手術器具であって、該外科手術器具は、
    ハンドルと、
    該ハンドルから遠位方向に延びているシャフトと、
    該シャフトの遠位端において支持されているエンドエフェクターと
    を含み、該エンドエフェクターは、
    互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
    長手方向軸を規定し、該第1の顎内に配置されている駆動ねじと、
    親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取り、該親ねじナットは、該駆動ねじが第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って前進させられ、該駆動ねじが該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該駆動ねじに沿って後退させられる、親ねじナットと、
    駆動梁であって、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが後退位置にある場合、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合され、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置まで前進させられると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、その結果、該親ねじナットは、該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に、該駆動梁に対して前進させられる、駆動梁と
    を含む、外科手術器具。
  16. エンドエフェクターであって、該エンドエフェクターは、
    第1の顎と、
    該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定する駆動ねじと、
    親ねじナットであって、該親ねじナットは、ねじ切りされたボアを規定し、該ねじ切りされたボアは、該駆動ねじを受け取る、親ねじナットと、
    後退位置において、該親ねじナットに解放可能に結合されている駆動梁と、
    該第1の顎に解放可能に結合されているカートリッジアセンブリであって、該カートリッジアセンブリは、ステープルを含む、カートリッジアセンブリと
    を含み、該駆動ねじを第1の方向に回転させることによって該親ねじナットが第1の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットによって引っ張られ、該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置に到達すると、該親ねじナットから切り離され、
    該駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から第2の前進位置に向かって前進させられる場合、静止したままであり、該親ねじナットは、該カートリッジアセンブリを通して該そりを押すことにより、該ステープルを連続して射出する、エンドエフェクター。
  17. 前記駆動ねじを前記第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させることによって前記親ねじナットが前記第2の前進位置から前記第1の前進位置に向かって後退させられる場合、前記そりは、静止したままである、請求項16に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  18. 前記親ねじナットは、前記第1の前進位置から後退位置に向かって後退させられ、前記駆動梁は、該親ねじナットが該第1の前進位置から後退させられる場合、該親ねじナットに結合する、請求項17に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  19. 前記駆動梁は、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを前記親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの外に少なくとも持ち上げることによって切り離される、請求項16に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  20. 前記駆動梁は、該駆動梁と動作可能に関連付けられているラッチのブリッジを前記親ねじナットによって規定される切欠きの中に少なくとも下げることによって、該親ねじナットに結合される、請求項18に記載のエンドエフェクター。
  21. 外科手術エンドエフェクターであって、該外科手術エンドエフェクターは、
    互いに対して移動可能である第1の顎および第2の顎と、
    該第1の顎内に配置され、長手方向軸を規定するドライバー要素と、
    該ドライバー要素に解放可能に結合されている駆動部材と
    を含み、該駆動部材は、該ドライバー要素によって第1の前進位置に向かって引っ張られ、該第1の顎および該第2の顎の閉鎖位置に対応する所定の位置への到達時、該ドライバー要素から切り離され、該外科手術エンドエフェクターは、ステープルを該第1の顎から発射するためのそりを含み、該ドライバー要素は、該駆動部材が該ドライバー要素から切り離された後、該そりを移動させて、ステープルを発射させる、外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  22. 前記駆動部材は、I梁の形状を有する、請求項21に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  23. 前記ドライバー要素は、ねじ切りされた部材である、請求項22に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  24. 内側がねじ切りされたナットをさらに含む、請求項23に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  25. 前記駆動部材は、前記ナットに解放可能に結合され、該ナットは、前記ドライバー要素とねじ式に係合されている、請求項24に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  26. 前記駆動部材は、ラッチによって前記ナットに解放可能に結合されている、請求項25に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  27. 前記ラッチを係合解除するためのカムをさらに含む、請求項26に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
  28. 前記ナットは、前記ドライバー要素が第1の方向に回転させられる場合、該ドライバー要素に沿って前進させられ、該ドライバー要素が該第1の方向と反対の第2の方向に回転させられる場合、該ドライバー要素に沿って後退させられる、請求項24に記載の外科手術エンドエフェクター。
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