JP2015152265A - heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger capable of highly accurately regulating the temperature of a primary fluid and suppressing overcooling or overheating of the primary fluid.SOLUTION: A heat exchanger comprises: a fuel gas supply line 24 in which fuel gas L flows; a cooling air line 28 in which heated air AH flows; heat exchange units 41 and 42 implementing heat exchange between the fuel gas L and the heated air AH; a bypass channel 43 bypassing the first heat exchange unit 41; a flow regulating valve 44 regulating a flow volume of the fuel gas L flowing in the bypass channel 43; a temperature sensor 45 detecting a temperature of the fuel gas L at an outlet of the heat exchange unit 42; and a control unit 46 adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve 44 in response to the temperature of the fuel gas L detected by the temperature sensor 45.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between a primary fluid and a secondary fluid.

  When adjusting the temperature of the primary fluid by exchanging heat between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid, it is possible to mix part of the primary fluid with the primary fluid after heat exchange without exchanging heat. . For example, a heat exchanger is provided in the primary fluid channel, and a bypass channel that bypasses the heat exchanger is provided in the primary fluid channel. And the temperature of a primary fluid is adjusted by increasing / decreasing the flow volume of the primary fluid which flows through this bypass flow path.

  Examples of such a heat exchanger include those described in the following patent documents.

JP 2005-221180 A JP 2005-226957 A

  However, when the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing from the primary fluid flow path to the bypass flow path is increased, the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing through the heat exchanger is decreased. Then, the amount of heat exchange in the heat exchanger increases, and the primary fluid becomes overheated or supercooled at the outlet. If the secondary fluid becomes overheated or supercooled in the heat exchanger, a large heat load acts on the heat exchanger components (for example, heat transfer tubes), so it is necessary to take measures in advance. This will increase the cost of the vessel. Further, when the primary fluid is overheated or supercooled, by-products may be generated, which may adversely affect the heat exchanger.

  This invention solves the subject mentioned above, and provides the heat exchanger which can adjust the temperature of a primary fluid with high precision, and can suppress overheating or overcooling of a primary fluid. Objective.

  In order to achieve the above object, a heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a primary flow path through which a primary fluid flows, a secondary flow path through which a secondary fluid flows in the primary flow path, and a primary fluid and a secondary fluid. A plurality of heat exchanging units that perform heat exchange, a bypass channel that bypasses at least one heat exchanging unit among the plurality of heat exchanging units, and a flow rate adjusting valve that regulates the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing through the bypass channel; A temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the primary fluid on the outlet side of the plurality of heat exchange units, and a control unit that adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve according to the temperature of the primary fluid detected by the temperature sensor. It is characterized by having.

  Therefore, the flow rate of the primary fluid that bypasses at least one of the plurality of heat exchange units is adjusted in order to adjust the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve according to the temperature of the primary fluid on the outlet side of the heat exchange unit. The At this time, since the primary fluid bypasses at least one heat exchanging section, even if the flow rate of the primary fluid that has passed through the heat exchanging section is temporarily reduced, the increase in temperature and the decrease in temperature are suppressed. As a result, the temperature of the primary fluid can be adjusted with high accuracy, and overheating or overcooling of the primary fluid can be suppressed.

  In the heat exchanger of the present invention, the plurality of heat exchanging units include a first heat exchanging unit and a second heat exchanging unit connected in series, and one end of the bypass channel is the first heat exchanging unit. The other end is connected to the connection part of the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part.

  Therefore, the primary fluid that passes through the bypass flow path is supplied to the connection portion of the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section, so that the primary fluid that exchanges heat in the first heat exchange section passes through the bypass flow path. It becomes mixed with the primary fluid, and the primary fluid at the second heat exchanging section is prevented from being heated and cooled, and overheating or overcooling of the primary fluid can be suppressed.

  In the heat exchanger of the present invention, the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part are arranged in parallel, and one end part of the inlet part of the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part is provided. The outlet portion is disposed, and the connection portion is disposed at the other end portion.

  Therefore, the apparatus can be miniaturized by arranging the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part in parallel and circulating the primary fluid efficiently.

  In the heat exchanger of the present invention, the connection part is a header to which a downstream end part in the first heat exchange part and an upstream end part in the second heat exchange part are connected.

  Therefore, the first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part can be easily connected by using the connection part as a header, and the primary fluid that has passed through the heat exchange part and the primary fluid that has passed through the bypass channel. Can be mixed properly.

  In the heat exchanger of the present invention, the connection portion is a connection pipe that connects a downstream end portion in the first heat exchange portion and an upstream end portion in the second heat exchange portion.

  Therefore, by using the connection portion as a connection pipe, the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion can be connected in a compact manner, and the structure can be simplified.

  In the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the bypass flow path.

  Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the flow rate adjusting valve is a three-way valve provided at a branch portion between the primary flow path and the bypass flow path.

  Therefore, the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing through the bypass flow path can be adjusted with high accuracy.

  According to the heat exchanger of the present invention, a bypass flow path that includes a plurality of heat exchange units that perform heat exchange between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid and that bypasses at least one heat exchange unit among the plurality of heat exchange units. And the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing through the bypass flow path is adjusted according to the temperature of the primary fluid at the outlet side of the plurality of heat exchanging sections, so that the temperature of the primary fluid can be adjusted with high accuracy and the primary fluid Overheating or overcooling can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a gas turbine. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchange device. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger that represents a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a conventional heat exchanger. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger according to the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger that represents a modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger according to the third embodiment.

  Exemplary embodiments of a heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment, and when there are two or more embodiments, what comprises combining each embodiment is also included.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a gas turbine.

  In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the gas turbine 10 includes a compressor 11, a combustor 12, and a turbine 13. The gas turbine 10 is connected to a generator 14 and can generate power.

  The compressor 11 and the turbine 13 are connected by a rotating shaft 21 so as to be integrally rotatable. The compressor 11 compresses the air A taken in from the air intake line 22. The combustor 12 mixes and combusts the compressed air A1 supplied from the compressor 11 through the compressed air supply line 23 and the fuel gas L supplied from the fuel gas supply line 24. The turbine 13 is rotated by the combustion gas G supplied from the combustor 12 through the combustion gas supply line 25.

  Further, the gas turbine 10 includes a heat exchange device 26 that exchanges heat between the compressed air A2 of the compressed air A1 compressed by the compressor 11, the cooling air AC taken from the outside, and the fuel gas L. Is provided. The heat exchange device 26 is provided at a position where the fuel gas supply line 24, the compressed air branch line 27 for supplying the compressed air A2, and the cooling air line 28 are gathered. The heat exchange device 26 cools the compressed air A2 with the cooling air AC and heats the fuel gas L with the heated air AH whose temperature has increased. The cooled compressed air A2 is supplied through the casing of the turbine 13 and cools the blades as cooling air.

  The generator 14 is connected to the compressor 11 through a coaxial rotary shaft 29 so as to be integrally rotatable, and can generate electric power when the turbine 13 rotates.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a heat exchange device.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchange device 26 has two heat exchangers 32 and 33 disposed in a housing 31. The housing 31 is provided with an air intake port 34 at the lower portion, an intake fan 35 is provided at the air intake port 34, and an air exhaust port 36 is provided at the upper portion.

  The first heat exchanger 32 exchanges heat between the compressed air A2 compressed by the compressor 11 and the cooling air AC taken from the outside. That is, the first heat exchanger 32 cools the compressed air A2 with the normal temperature cooling air AC. In addition, the second heat exchanger 33 performs heat exchange between the heated air AH and the fuel gas L, which have become a high temperature by cooling the compressed air A2. That is, the cooling air AC becomes the high-temperature heating air AH by cooling the compressed air A2, and the second heat exchanger 33 heats the fuel gas L with the heating air AH.

  Hereinafter, the 2nd heat exchanger as a heat exchanger of a 1st embodiment is explained. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the second heat exchanger 33 of the first embodiment includes a fuel gas supply line 24 as a primary flow path, a cooling air line 28 as a secondary flow path, and a plurality of (in this embodiment). Two heat exchange units, a first heat exchange unit 41 as a heat exchange unit, a second heat exchange unit 42 as a heat exchange unit, a bypass flow path 43, a flow rate adjusting valve 44, a temperature sensor 45, and a control unit 46. And have. Here, the primary fluid is the fuel gas L, and the secondary fluid is the heated air AH.

  The first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 are provided in the fuel gas supply line 24 and perform heat exchange between the fuel gas L and the heated air AH, and are connected in series. They are arranged parallel to each other. The first heat exchange unit 41 is provided with an inlet header 51 at one end, and the upstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 is connected to the nozzle 52 of the inlet header 51. The second heat exchange part 42 is provided with an outlet header 53 at one end, and a downstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 is connected to a nozzle 54 of the outlet header 53. Further, the other end of the first heat exchanging part 41 and the other end of the second heat exchanging part 42 are connected by a connection header 55. In addition, the 1st heat exchange part 41 and the 2nd heat exchange part 42 are comprised by the heat exchanger tube group which consists of many heat exchanger tubes, and the edge part of each heat exchanger tube is on the tube plate of header 51,53,55. It is supported.

  The bypass flow path 43 bypasses the first heat exchange part 41 of the first heat exchange part 41 and the second heat exchange part 42. The bypass channel 43 has a proximal end connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 upstream of the first heat exchange unit 41 and a distal end connected to the nozzle 56 of the connection header 55. The flow rate adjusting valve 44 is provided in the bypass channel 43 and adjusts the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the bypass channel 43.

  The temperature sensor 45 is provided in the fuel gas supply line 24 on the outlet side of the second heat exchange unit 42, measures the temperature of the fuel gas L, and outputs it to the control unit 46. The control unit 46 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L measured by the temperature sensor 45. The control unit 46 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 so that the temperature of the fuel gas L falls within a predetermined temperature range set in advance. That is, when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes higher than the predetermined temperature range, the control unit 46 increases the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44, and when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes lower than the predetermined temperature range, the flow rate adjustment valve 44. Reduce the opening of.

  The second heat exchanger 33 is normally operated with the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 set to 0 (fully closed). The fuel gas L flows through the fuel gas supply line 24, is supplied to the first heat exchange unit 41, flows, is supplied to the second heat exchange unit 42 through the connection header 55, and flows. The fuel gas L is heated and discharged by exchanging heat with the heated air AH.

  The control unit 46 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 so that the temperature of the fuel gas L enters a predetermined temperature region. For example, when the temperature of the cooling air AC increases due to an increase in air temperature, the temperature of the heating air AH also increases, and the amount of heat exchange (the amount of heat absorbed by the fuel gas L in the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42). ) Increases, and the temperature of the fuel gas L exceeds the predetermined temperature range. At this time, when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes higher than the predetermined temperature range, the control unit 46 increases the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44. Then, a part of the fuel gas L flows from the fuel gas supply line 24 to the bypass passage 43 according to the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44, and is supplied from the connection header 55 to the second heat exchange unit 42. In other words, a part of the fuel gas L bypasses the first heat exchange unit 41 and is directly supplied to the second heat exchange unit 42. Therefore, the low-temperature fuel gas L that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 41 is mixed with the high-temperature fuel gas L heated by the first heat exchange unit 41 in the connection header 55, and thus the second heat exchange unit 42. The temperature of the fuel gas L flowing through the temperature decreases. As a result, the temperature of the fuel gas L discharged from the second heat exchanging unit 42 is lowered and enters a predetermined temperature range.

  In addition, the structure of the 2nd heat exchanger 33 is not limited to what was mentioned above. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger that represents a modification of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the second heat exchanger 33A includes a fuel gas supply line 24, a cooling air line 28, a first heat exchange unit 41 and a second heat exchange unit 42, a bypass flow path 43, a flow rate. The adjustment valve 47, the temperature sensor 45, and the control unit 46 are included.

  The bypass flow path 43 bypasses the first heat exchanging part 41, the base end part is connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 on the upstream side of the first heat exchanging part 41, and the tip part is a nozzle of the connection header 55. 56. The flow rate adjusting valve 47 is a three-way valve provided at a branch portion between the fuel gas supply line 24 and the bypass flow path 43. The flow rate adjusting valve (three-way valve) 47 adjusts the opening degree on the first heat exchange unit 41 side and the opening degree on the bypass flow path side with respect to the fuel gas supply line 24, and flows to the bypass flow path 43 side. The flow rate of the fuel gas L is adjusted.

  Here, the operation of the second heat exchange devices 33 and 33A will be described in comparison with a conventional heat exchange device. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the conventional heat exchanger, and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the conventional heat exchanger 001 is provided in the fuel gas supply channel 002, and a bypass channel 003 that bypasses the heat exchanger 001 with respect to the fuel gas supply channel 002 is provided. A flow rate adjustment valve 004 is provided in the bypass channel 003. When the flow rate adjustment valve 004 is opened by a predetermined opening, the fuel gas flows into the heat exchanger 001 from the fuel gas supply channel 002 and is heated at the position t1, and the temperature rises. On the other hand, a part of the fuel gas that has flowed into the bypass channel 003 is not heated and the temperature does not rise. At position t2, the fuel gas is discharged from the heat exchanger 001. At position t3, the high temperature fuel gas and the low temperature fuel gas that has passed through the bypass channel 003 are mixed, and the temperature decreases. Thus, the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature. Conventionally, since the flow rate of the fuel gas flowing to the heat exchanger 001 decreases, the heat load of the fuel gas increases and exceeds the upper limit temperature ta at the outlet of the heat exchanger 001.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, the second heat exchanger 33 of the present embodiment includes a first heat exchange unit 41 and a second heat exchange unit 42, and the bypass flow path 43 is connected to the first heat exchange unit 41. It is connected to the connection part of the second heat exchange part 42. Therefore, when the flow rate adjusting valve 44 is opened by a predetermined opening, the fuel gas flows into the first heat exchanging portion 41 from the fuel gas supply flow path 43 and is heated at the position t1, so that the temperature rises. On the other hand, a part of the fuel gas that has flowed into the bypass passage 43 is not heated and the temperature does not rise. Then, at the position t2, the heated fuel gas flows from the first heat exchange unit 41 to the second heat exchange unit 42, and the low-temperature fuel gas that has passed through the bypass flow path 43 enters the second heat exchange unit 42. Flowing. Here, the temperature is lowered by mixing the high-temperature fuel gas and the low-temperature fuel gas. Thereafter, all the fuel gases are heated by the second heat exchanging unit 42, so that the temperature rises and reaches a predetermined temperature at the position t3. In the present embodiment, since the low-temperature fuel gas is returned to the connection part of the heat exchanging parts 41 and 42, it is prevented that the upper limit temperature ta is exceeded at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 33.

  Thus, in the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the fuel gas supply line 24 through which the fuel gas L as the primary fluid flows, the cooling air line 28 through which the heated air AH as the secondary fluid flows, and the fuel gas A first heat exchange unit 41 and a second heat exchange unit 42 that perform heat exchange between L and the heated air AH, a bypass channel 43 that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 41, and a fuel gas L that flows through the bypass channel 43 A flow rate adjusting valve 44 for adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas, a temperature sensor 45 for measuring the temperature of the fuel gas L on the outlet side of the heat exchanging section 42, and a flow rate adjusting valve 44 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L detected by the temperature sensor 45. And a control unit 46 that adjusts the opening degree.

  Therefore, in order to adjust the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L on the outlet side of the second heat exchange unit 42, the flow rate of the fuel gas L that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 41 is adjusted. . At this time, part of the fuel gas L bypasses only the first heat exchanging part 41, so that the fuel gas L passing through the first heat exchanging part 41 is extremely hot even if its flow rate is temporarily reduced. Is suppressed. As a result, in the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment, the temperature of the fuel gas L can be adjusted with high accuracy, and overheating of the fuel gas L can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the overheating of the fuel gas L is suppressed, a large heat load does not act on the constituent members (for example, heat transfer tubes) of the heat exchanger 42, and an increase in the plate thickness is unnecessary, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. Increase can be suppressed. Further, since overheating of the fuel gas L is suppressed, no by-product (for example, iron sulfide: FeS) is generated, and the adverse effects of the by-product on the heat exchangers 33 and 33A can be prevented. it can.

  In the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 are connected in series, one end of the bypass flow path 43 is connected to the inlet side of the first heat exchange unit 41, The other end is connected to the connection header 55 of the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42. Accordingly, the fuel gas L passing through the bypass flow path 43 is supplied to the connection header 55, so that the fuel gas L heated by the first heat exchange unit 41 and the low-temperature fuel gas L passing through the bypass flow path 43 Therefore, the temperature increase of the fuel gas L in the second heat exchanging portion 42 is suppressed, and overheating of the fuel gas L can be suppressed.

  In the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 are arranged in parallel, and the inlet header 51 of the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 are arranged at one end. An outlet header 53 is disposed, and a connection header 55 is disposed at the other end. Therefore, the apparatus can be reduced in size by arranging the first heat exchange part 41 and the second heat exchange part 42 in parallel to circulate the fuel gas L efficiently.

  In the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the downstream end of the first heat exchange unit 41 and the upstream end of the second heat exchange unit 42 are connected by a connection header 55. Therefore, by using the connection header as the connection header 55, the first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 can be easily connected, and the fuel gas L passing through the heat exchange unit 41 and the bypass flow can be easily connected. The fuel gas L that has passed through the passage 43 can be properly mixed.

  In the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the flow rate adjustment valve 44 is provided in the bypass flow path 43. Therefore, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  In the heat exchanger of the first embodiment, the flow rate adjustment valve 47 is a three-way valve provided at a branch portion between the fuel gas supply line 24 and the bypass flow path 43. Therefore, the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the bypass passage 43 can be adjusted with high accuracy.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger representing a modification of the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the second heat exchanger 33B includes a fuel gas supply line 24, a cooling air line 28, a first heat exchange unit 41, a second heat exchange unit 42, and a bypass. A flow path 43, a flow rate adjustment valve 44, a temperature sensor 45, and a control unit 46 are included.

  The first heat exchange unit 41 and the second heat exchange unit 42 are provided in the fuel gas supply line 24 and perform heat exchange between the fuel gas L and the heated air AH, and are connected in series. They are arranged parallel to each other. The first heat exchange unit 41 is provided with an inlet header 51 at one end, and the upstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 is connected to the nozzle 52 of the inlet header 51. The second heat exchange part 42 is provided with an outlet header 53 at one end, and a downstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 is connected to a nozzle 54 of the outlet header 53. The first heat exchanging part 41 is provided with an outlet header 57 at the other end, and the second heat exchanging part 42 is connected with an inlet header 58 at the other end. And the outlet header 57 of the 1st heat exchange part 41 and the inlet header 58 of the 2nd heat exchange part 42 are connected by the connection piping 59 as a connection part.

  The bypass flow path 43 bypasses one heat exchange part 41 among the plurality of heat exchange parts 41 and 42. The bypass channel 43 has a base end connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 upstream of the first heat exchange unit 41 and a tip connected to the connection pipe 59. The flow rate adjusting valve 44 is provided in the bypass channel 43 and adjusts the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the bypass channel 43.

  The temperature sensor 45 is provided in the fuel gas supply line 24 on the outlet side of the second heat exchange unit 42, measures the temperature of the fuel gas L, and outputs it to the control unit 46. The control unit 46 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L measured by the temperature sensor 45. The control unit 46 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 44 so that the temperature of the fuel gas L falls within a predetermined temperature range set in advance.

  The configuration of the second heat exchange device 33B is not limited to that described above. As shown in FIG. 8, the second heat exchanger 33C includes a fuel gas supply line 24, a cooling air line 28, a first heat exchange unit 41 and a second heat exchange unit 42, a bypass flow path 43, and a flow rate. The adjustment valve 47, the temperature sensor 45, and the control unit 46 are included.

  The bypass flow path 43 bypasses the first heat exchanging part 41, the base end part is connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 upstream from the first heat exchanging part 41, and the distal end part is connected to the connection pipe 59. Has been. The flow rate adjusting valve 47 is a three-way valve provided at a branch portion between the fuel gas supply line 24 and the bypass flow path 43. The flow rate adjusting valve (three-way valve) 47 adjusts the opening degree on the first heat exchanging portion 41 side and the opening degree on the bypass flow path 43 side with respect to the fuel gas supply line 24, and is on the bypass flow path 43 side. The flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the gas is adjusted.

  In addition, since the effect | action of 2nd heat exchanger 33B, 33C is substantially the same as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, in the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment, the outlet header 57 of the first heat exchange unit 41 and the inlet header 58 of the second heat exchange unit 42 are connected by the connection pipe 59 as a connection unit. Yes. Therefore, by using the connection pipe 59 as the connection part, the first heat exchange part 41 and the second heat exchange part 42 can be connected in a compact manner, and the structure can be simplified.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat exchanger according to the third embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the same function as embodiment mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the second heat exchanger 60 includes a fuel gas supply line 24, a cooling air line 28, a first heat exchange unit 61, a second heat exchange unit 62, The third heat exchange unit 63, bypass flow paths 64 and 65, flow rate adjustment valves 66 and 67, a temperature sensor 68, and a control unit 69 are included.

  The heat exchanging parts 61, 62, 63 are provided in the fuel gas supply line 24, and perform heat exchange between the fuel gas L and the heated air AH, and are connected in series and parallel to each other. Has been placed. The first heat exchange unit 61 is provided with an inlet header 71 at one end, and the upstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 is connected to the nozzle 72 of the inlet header 71. The first heat exchange unit 61 is provided with an outlet header 73 at the other end. The second heat exchange unit 62 is provided with an inlet header 74 at the other end and an outlet header 75 at one end. The third heat exchange unit 63 has an inlet header 76 at one end, an outlet header 77 at the other end, and a downstream end of the fuel gas supply line 24 connected to a nozzle 78 of the outlet header 77. Yes.

  The outlet header 73 of the first heat exchange unit 61 and the inlet header 74 of the second heat exchange unit 62 are connected by a connection pipe 79. Further, the outlet header 75 of the second heat exchange unit 62 and the inlet header 76 of the third heat exchange unit 63 are connected by a connection pipe 80.

  The first bypass flow path 64 bypasses the first heat exchange section 61, and the second bypass flow path 65 bypasses the first heat exchange section 61 and the second heat exchange section 62. The first bypass channel 64 has a base end connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 upstream of the first heat exchange unit 61 and a tip connected to the connection pipe 79. The second bypass flow path 65 has a base end connected to the fuel gas supply line 24 on the upstream side of the first heat exchange unit 61 and a tip connected to the connection pipe 80. The first flow rate adjustment valve 66 is provided in the first bypass flow path 64 and adjusts the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the first bypass flow path 64. The second flow rate adjusting valve 67 is provided in the second bypass flow path 65 and adjusts the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the second bypass flow path 65.

  The temperature sensor 68 is provided in the fuel gas supply line 24 on the outlet side of the third heat exchange unit 63, measures the temperature of the fuel gas L, and outputs it to the control unit 69. The control unit 69 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L measured by the temperature sensor 68. The controller 69 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 so that the temperature of the fuel gas L falls within a predetermined temperature range set in advance. That is, the control unit 69 increases the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes higher than the predetermined temperature range, and adjusts the flow rate when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes lower than the predetermined temperature range. The opening degree of the valves 66 and 67 is reduced.

  The second heat exchanger 60 normally operates with the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 set to 0 (fully closed). When the fuel gas L flows through the fuel gas supply line 24 and flows through the heat exchangers 61, 62, 63, the fuel gas L is heated by exchanging heat with the heated air AH.

  The control unit 69 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 so that the temperature of the fuel gas L enters a predetermined temperature range. For example, when the temperature of the cooling air AC increases due to an increase in air temperature, the temperature of the heating air AH also increases, and the heat exchange amount (heat absorption amount of the fuel gas L) in each of the heat exchange units 61, 62, 63 increases. The temperature of the fuel gas L exceeds the predetermined temperature range. At this time, when the temperature of the fuel gas L becomes higher than the predetermined temperature range, the controller 69 first increases the opening of the second flow rate adjustment valve 67. Then, a part of the fuel gas L is supplied from the fuel gas supply line 24 to the third heat exchange unit 63 through the bypass passage 65 according to the opening of the second flow rate adjustment valve 67. That is, part of the fuel gas L bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61 and the second heat exchange unit 62 and is directly supplied to the third heat exchange unit 63. Therefore, the low-temperature fuel gas L that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61 and the second heat exchange unit 62 is compared to the high-temperature fuel gas L heated by the first heat exchange unit 61 and the second heat exchange unit 62. Since mixing is performed in the connection pipe 80, the temperature of the fuel gas L flowing through the third heat exchange unit 63 is lowered. As a result, the temperature of the fuel gas L discharged from the third heat exchanging unit 63 decreases and becomes lower than the predetermined temperature range.

  In addition, even if the opening degree of the second flow rate adjustment valve 67 is increased, the control unit 69 increases the opening degree of the first flow rate adjustment valve 66 if the temperature of the fuel gas L does not sufficiently decrease. At this time, the second flow rate adjustment valve 67 may be closed. Then, a part of the fuel gas L is supplied from the fuel gas supply line 24 to the second heat exchange unit 62 through the bypass channel 64 according to the opening degree of the first flow rate adjustment valve 66. That is, part of the fuel gas L bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61 and is directly supplied to the second heat exchange unit 62. Therefore, the low-temperature fuel gas L that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61 is mixed with the high-temperature fuel gas L heated by the first heat exchange unit 61 through the connection pipe 79, and thus the second heat exchange unit 62. The temperature of the fuel gas L flowing through the temperature decreases. As a result, the temperature of the fuel gas L discharged from the second heat exchange unit 62 decreases and enters the predetermined temperature range.

  As described above, in the heat exchanger according to the third embodiment, the heat exchange units 61, 62, which perform heat exchange between the fuel gas supply line 24, the cooling air line 28, the fuel gas L, and the heating air AH, 63, a first bypass channel 64 that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61, a second bypass channel 65 that bypasses the first heat exchange unit 61 and the second heat exchange unit 62, and bypass channels 64 and 65 The flow rate adjustment valves 66 and 67 for adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas L flowing through the temperature sensor 68, the temperature sensor 68 for measuring the temperature of the fuel gas L on the outlet side of the third heat exchange unit 63, and the fuel gas L detected by the temperature sensor 68 And a control unit 69 that adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 in accordance with the temperature.

  Therefore, in order to adjust the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 66 and 67 according to the temperature of the fuel gas L on the outlet side of the third heat exchanging part 63 arranged on the most downstream side, the heat exchanging parts 61 and 62 are bypassed. The flow rate of the fuel gas L to be adjusted is adjusted. At this time, the fuel gas L partially bypasses the first heat exchanging part 61 or the heat exchanging parts 61, 62, so that the heat exchanging parts 62, 63 or the third heat exchanging part 63 is passed through. Even if the flow rate of the passing fuel gas L is temporarily reduced, an extremely high temperature is suppressed. As a result, in the heat exchanger of the third embodiment, the temperature of the fuel gas L can be adjusted with high accuracy, and overheating of the fuel gas L can be suppressed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the two heat exchanging units 41 and 42 or the three heat exchanging units 61, 62, and 63 are provided. However, the number of the heat exchanging units may be plural, and three or more. A heat exchange unit may be provided. At this time, the bypass flow paths 43 and 64 are configured to bypass the first heat exchange units 41 and 61, and the bypass flow path 65 is configured to bypass the first and second heat exchange units 61 and 62. The configuration is not limited. For example, the bypass channel may bypass only the second heat exchange unit 62, or the bypass channel may bypass only the third heat exchange unit 63.

  In the above-described embodiment, each heat exchanging portion 41, 42, 61, 62, 63 is configured by a straight heat transfer tube, but may be configured by a U-shaped heat transfer tube.

  In the embodiment described above, the heat exchanger of the present invention is applied to the gas turbine 10 and the fuel gas (primary fluid) L is heated by the heated air (secondary fluid) AH. However, the present invention is limited to this configuration. Is not to be done. That is, the heat exchanger of the present invention can be applied to other parts of the gas turbine 10 and other fields (for example, a boiler) than the gas turbine 10.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the heat exchanger that heats the secondary fluid with the primary fluid is used. However, the heat exchanger that cools the primary fluid with the secondary fluid may be used. Can be suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Gas turbine 11 Compressor 12 Combustor 13 Turbine 14 Generator 24 Fuel gas supply line (primary flow path)
26 Heat Exchanger 27 Compressed Air Branch Line 28 Cooling Air Line (Secondary Channel)
32 1st heat exchanger 33,33A, 33B, 33C, 60 2nd heat exchanger (heat exchanger)
41, 61 1st heat exchange part 42, 62 2nd heat exchange part 43, 64, 65 Bypass flow path 44, 66, 67 Flow control valve 45, 68 Temperature sensor 46, 69 Control part 51, 58, 71, 74, 76 Inlet header 53, 57, 73, 75, 77 Outlet header 55 Connection header (connection part)
59 Connection piping (connection part)
63 3rd heat exchange part AC Cooling air AH Heating air (secondary fluid)
L Fuel gas (primary fluid)

Claims (7)

A primary flow path through which the primary fluid flows;
A secondary channel through which a secondary fluid flows in the primary channel;
A plurality of heat exchanging units for exchanging heat between the primary fluid and the secondary fluid;
A bypass flow path that bypasses at least one heat exchange section among the plurality of heat exchange sections;
A flow rate adjustment valve for adjusting the flow rate of the primary fluid flowing through the bypass flow path;
A temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the primary fluid on the outlet side of the plurality of heat exchange units;
A controller that adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve according to the temperature of the primary fluid detected by the temperature sensor;
The heat exchanger characterized by having.   The plurality of heat exchanging units include a first heat exchanging unit and a second heat exchanging unit connected in series, and one end of the bypass channel is connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanging unit, 2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein an end portion is connected to a connection portion between the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion.   The first heat exchange part and the second heat exchange part are arranged in parallel, and an inlet part of the first heat exchange part and an outlet part of the second heat exchange part are arranged at one end, and the other end The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the connection part is arranged in a part.   The said connection part is a header to which the downstream edge part in the said 1st heat exchange part and the upstream edge part in the said 2nd heat exchange part are connected, The Claim 2 or Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Heat exchanger.   The said connection part is a connection piping which connects the downstream edge part in the said 1st heat exchange part, and the upstream edge part in the said 2nd heat exchange part, The Claim 2 or Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Heat exchanger.   The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the bypass flow path.   The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the flow rate adjusting valve is a three-way valve provided at a branch portion between the primary flow path and the bypass flow path.

Images