JP2015124834A - Frictional engagement device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the backflow of oil from an oil reservoir, prevent lowering of an oil level, and ensure preventing air handling of an oil pump even if the oil level is inclined by acceleration or deceleration of a vehicle.SOLUTION: A brake mechanism of an automatic transmission comprises: an outer cylinder member 13 having a plurality of friction plates 11a provided on an inner surface, having communication holes 14 formed to freely circulate oil from inside to outside, and provided rotatably in a preset range from a reference position PS about an input shaft 2; an inner cylinder member provided while the input shaft 2 serves as a central axis, and having a plurality of friction plates 11b provided on an outer surface to alternate with the friction plates 11a of the outer cylinder member 13; and a slit shield member 30 shielding regions of the outer cylinder member 13 that face oil levels of the communication holes 14 when the friction plates 11a and 11b are mutually pressed to fasten the outer cylinder member 13 to the inner cylinder member and the outer cylinder member 13 rotates to a rotatable rotation limit position PS1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction engagement device such as a clutch or a brake having an inner cylinder member and an outer cylinder member on the same axis and having a plurality of friction plates alternately provided between the inner cylinder member and the outer cylinder member. .

  A vehicle transmission or the like has an inner cylinder member and an outer cylinder member on the same axis, and a plurality of friction plates are alternately provided between the inner cylinder member and the outer cylinder member. A combined device is used. For example, in JP 2009-236285 A (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1), a lubricating structure in an automatic transmission including a brake mechanism having a plurality of driven plates and a drive plate, the plurality of driven plates are fitted and supported. A cylindrical member in which a plurality of splines are formed on the inner peripheral surface is fitted and fixed to the transmission case, a gap provided between the cylindrical member and the transmission case along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical member, The spline groove inside the shaped member is connected to the cylindrical member provided at the bottom of the spline groove with an opening that penetrates in the radial direction, and the lubricating oil that has reached the spline groove is discharged into the gap through the opening. A technique of a lubricating structure in an automatic transmission configured as described above is disclosed.

JP 2009-236285 A

  However, in the brake mechanism disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, when the brake is engaged, there is substantially no gap between the friction plates of the plurality of driven plates and the drive plate, and no centrifugal force acts on the brake mechanism. There is almost no supply amount, and the oil return is not improved. In such a state, the opening of the cylindrical member formed for oil return becomes a space where the oil from the oil reservoir in the transmission case flows backward, for example, the vehicle is accelerated and decelerated and the oil surface is inclined. In such a situation, the oil may flow backward through the opening, and the oil surface of the oil reservoir may be lowered, causing air suction by the oil pump.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. Even if the oil surface is inclined due to acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle in a state where each friction plate is engaged and an oil return effect cannot be expected, the oil storage portion It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction engagement device capable of preventing the back flow of oil and preventing the oil surface from being lowered to reliably prevent air suction by the oil pump.

  In one aspect of the friction engagement device of the present invention, a plurality of friction plates are provided on the inner surface, a communication hole is formed so that oil can flow from the inner side to the outer side, and within a predetermined range from a reference position around the shaft core. And an inner cylinder member provided on the outer surface alternately with a plurality of friction plates of the outer cylinder member, and provided with a plurality of friction plates on the outer surface. When each of the friction plates is pressed, the outer cylinder member and the inner cylinder member are fastened, and when the outer cylinder member is rotated to a set position in the rotatable range, the outer cylinder member is And a shielding member that shields a portion of the communication hole facing the oil surface.

  According to the friction engagement device of the present invention, even when the friction surface is engaged and the oil return effect cannot be expected, even if the oil surface is inclined by the acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle, the oil from the oil reservoir It is possible to prevent the backflow of the oil, prevent the oil surface from lowering, and reliably prevent air suction by the oil pump.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of an automatic transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an engagement table | surface of each brake mechanism and clutch mechanism of the automatic transmission which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the structure of the brake which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the outer cylinder member and shielding member of the brake which concern on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the rotation mechanism of the outer cylinder member of the brake which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of a communication hole and a shielding member of an outer cylinder member of a brake according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of a state where the communication hole of the outer cylinder member of the brake is opened. FIG. 6B is an explanatory view showing a state where the communication hole of the outer cylinder member of the brake is shielded by the shielding member.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment of the present invention shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a brake mechanism of an automatic transmission.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an automatic transmission to which the present invention is applied includes four planetary gear mechanisms centering on an input shaft 2 in which a driving force is input into a transmission case 1 via a torque converter (not shown). (First planetary gear mechanism RS1, second planetary gear mechanism RS2, third planetary gear mechanism RS3, fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4 from the front side) and two brake mechanisms (first brake mechanism BR1, second from the front side) The brake mechanism BR2) and three clutch mechanisms (first clutch mechanism CL1, second clutch mechanism CL2, and third clutch mechanism CL3) are provided. In the present embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to the second brake mechanism BR2 will be described.

  The four planetary gear mechanisms (first planetary gear mechanism RS1, second planetary gear mechanism RS2, third planetary gear mechanism RS3, and fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4) are sun gears (first sun gear S1, second sun gear S2, Third sun gear S3, fourth sun gear S4), ring gears (first ring gear R1, second ring gear R2, third ring gear R3, fourth ring gear R4), sun gears S1, S2, S3, S4 and ring gears R1, R2, Pinion gears (first pinion gear P1, second pinion gear P2, third pinion gear P3) pivotally supported by carriers (first carrier C1, second carrier C2, third carrier C3, fourth carrier C4) between R3 and R4 , A fourth pinion gear P4).

  The first sun gear S1 of the first planetary gear mechanism RS1 and the second sun gear S2 of the second planetary gear mechanism RS2 are formed on the same axis and connected to the first brake mechanism BR1. Further, the first ring gear R1 of the first planetary gear mechanism RS1 is connected to the second brake mechanism BR2. Further, the first carrier C1 of the first planetary gear mechanism RS1 is connected to the fourth ring gear R4 of the fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4.

  The second ring gear R2 of the second planetary gear mechanism RS2 is connected to the third sun gear S3 of the third planetary gear mechanism RS3, and further via the third clutch mechanism CL3, the third ring gear R3 of the third planetary gear mechanism RS3. And the fourth sun gear S4 of the fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4. The second carrier C2 of the second planetary gear mechanism RS2 is connected to the input shaft 2.

  The third carrier C3 of the third planetary gear mechanism RS3 is connected to the fourth carrier C4 of the fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4 and connected to the output shaft 3 via the second clutch mechanism CL2.

  The fourth sun gear S4 of the fourth planetary gear mechanism RS4 is connected to the second planetary gear mechanism RS2 and the third planetary gear mechanism RS3 as described above, and is further connected to the input shaft 2 via the first clutch mechanism CL1. Yes.

  In the automatic transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, two brake mechanisms (first brake mechanism BR1 and second brake mechanism BR2 from the front side) are provided at the front portion of the transmission case 1, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic transmission 8th speed (“1st”, “2nd”, “3rd”, “4th”, “5th”, “5th”, and “5th”) can be obtained by combining the brake mechanisms BR1, BR2 and the clutch mechanisms CL1, CL2, CL3. "6th", "7th", "8th"), reverse first speed "R", neutral "N" automatic transmission configuration.

Next, the second brake mechanism BR2 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In other words, the second brake mounting portion 10 provided with the second brake mechanism BR2 of the transmission case 1 has a transverse cross section as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). A surface on the side of a hydraulic control device (electrohydraulic control mechanism) including a solenoid valve that executes control, line pressure control, and the like is formed in a cylindrical shape with an opening 100 formed therein.

  An outer cylindrical member 13 having a plurality of splines 12a fitted and supported on the inner surface of the second brake mounting portion 10 on the inner peripheral surface is connected to the input shaft 2 by a plurality of friction plates 11a (see FIG. 3). It is fitted and supported so as to be rotatable as a rotation center.

  A plurality of splines 12b for fitting and supporting the plurality of friction plates 11b alternately with the plurality of friction plates 11a of the outer cylinder member 13 with the input shaft 2 as an axis are provided on the inner side of the outer cylinder member 13. A first ring gear R1 of the first planetary gear mechanism RS1 is provided as an inner cylinder member formed in the. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 15 denotes a piston that operates the second brake mechanism BR2.

  A plurality of communication holes 14 having a predetermined length through which oil can flow from the inside to the outside of the outer cylinder member 13 are formed at the bottom of the grooves of the plurality of splines 12a of the outer cylinder member 13 along the grooves of the splines 12a. Thus, the lubrication in the second brake mechanism BR2 is favorably maintained.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the hole 21 is located at a predetermined position on the inner surface of the second brake mounting portion 10, facing the front end side of the outer cylinder member 13, the upper portion of the rear end side, or the side portion. The hole 21 is provided with a biasing member 22 such as a spring and a pressing member 23 having a spherical tip that is biased in a direction in which the biasing member 22 always protrudes. Yes.

  A cutout portion 24 having a V-shaped cross section is formed at a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 13 facing the pressing member 23, and the pressing member 23 protrudes and is constantly pressed. Further, at both ends of the notch portion 24, step portions 25 are formed for restricting the outward movement of the pressing member 23 from the notch portion 24 (restricting the rotation range of the outer cylinder member 13 relative to the second brake mounting portion 10). Yes.

  Thus, when the piston 15 is not operated and the outer cylinder member 13 and the first ring gear R1 are not fastened, the outer cylinder member 13 is at the reference position PS where the notch 24 is formed deepest by the pressing force of the pressing member 23. However, when the outer cylinder member 13 and the first ring gear R1 are fastened by the operation of the piston 15, the rotational force of the first ring gear R1 acts by this fastening force, and the step of the groove of the notch 24 is provided. The outer cylinder member 13 is rotatable with respect to the second brake mounting portion 10 at the position of the portion 25 (PS1 in FIG. 5).

  The position of PS1 which is the rotation limit of the outer cylinder member 13 (rotation limit position PS1) is set to a rotation angle corresponding to a half pitch of the spline 12a of the outer cylinder member 13, and the outer cylinder member 13 is When the rotation limit position PS1 is rotated, a closing portion 30b of a slit-shaped shielding member 30 described later overlaps with the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13, and the inner and outer sides of the outer cylinder member 13 are connected to each other. Oil distribution is cut off. Further, in a state where the outer cylinder member 13 is positioned at the reference position PS by the pressing member 23, the gap portion 30a of the slit-shaped shielding member 30 and the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13 are maintained so as to overlap each other. Oil distribution between the inner side and the outer side of the outer cylinder member 13 is made possible. In the present embodiment, the urging member 22 such as a spring and the spherical pressing member 23 are configured to be pressed against the notch 24 having a V-shaped cross section. You may make it comprise this body by interposing a body in the hole formed facing the inner peripheral surface of the 2nd brake attachment part 10, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 13. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the outer cylinder member 13 can be pivoted around the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 13 in the opening 100 below the second brake attachment part 10 of the transmission case 1 from the front and rear. In addition, a slit-shaped shielding member 30 is fixed.

FIG. 4 shows a view of only the outer cylinder member 13 and the shielding member 30 as viewed from the opening 100 side.
The shielding member 30 has a slit shape, and has a gap portion 30a and a closing portion 30b. As described above, when the outer cylinder member 13 is positioned at the reference position PS by the pressing member 23, the slit-like shielding member. The gap portion 30a of the outer cylinder member 13 and the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13 are maintained so as to overlap with each other, so that oil can flow between the inner side and the outer side of the outer cylinder member 13 (FIG. 6A). )reference). Further, when the outer cylinder member 13 is rotated to the rotation limit position PS1, a closing portion 30b of a slit-shaped shielding member 30 described later overlaps the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13, and the outer cylinder Oil flow between the inside and outside of the member 13 is blocked (see FIG. 6B).

Next, the operation of the second brake mechanism BR2 of the automatic transmission configured as described above will be described.
First, in a state where the vehicle is stopped or in an inertial running state, the oil surface in the transmission is a substantially horizontal surface, and in a state where the vehicle is accelerated forward, the oil surface is higher in the rear in the transmission. In such a state, the second brake mechanism BR2 is actuated (in FIG. 2, “N”, “1st”, “2nd”, “3rd”, “4th”, “5th” shift speeds) and non-actuated (same as above). Regardless of the shift speed of “6th”, “7th”, “8th”), the oil passes through the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13 from the opening 100 on the lower side of the second brake mounting portion 10 and There is no backflow inside. For this reason, oil is normally supplied from an oil pump (not shown) and intended lubrication is performed.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle accelerates backward, the oil level in the transmission is higher in the front. In this state, when the communication hole 14 is provided in the outer cylinder member 13 as in the technique of the conventional patent document 1, the oil flows back to the inside of the outer cylinder member 13 through the communication hole 14, and as a result, There is a possibility that the oil level is lowered and the air is sucked into the oil pump. However, according to the present invention, the second brake mechanism BR2 is actuated (piston 15 is actuated) at the gear position “R” in FIG. 2, and the outer cylinder member 13 and the first ring gear R1 of the second brake mechanism BR2 are actuated. Are fastened, the rotational force of the first ring gear R1 acts by this fastening force, and the outer cylindrical member is placed at the position of the step 25 of the notch 24 of the outer cylindrical member 13 (rotation limit position PS1). 13 is rotated with respect to the second brake mounting portion 10. When the outer cylinder member 13 is rotated to the rotation limit position PS1, the closing portion 30b of the slit-shaped shielding member 30 overlaps the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13, and the inner side of the outer cylinder member 13 Oil flow to and from the outside is blocked. As a result, the oil is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the outer cylinder member 13 through the communication hole 14, and the oil is normally supplied from the oil pump with a sufficient amount of oil, and the intended lubrication is maintained.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the brake mechanism of the automatic transmission, the plurality of friction plates 11a are provided on the inner surface, and the communication holes 14 are formed so that oil can flow freely from the inside to the outside. An outer cylinder member 13 provided so as to be rotatable within a predetermined range from a reference position PS around the shaft 2 and an input shaft 2 provided as a central axis, and alternately with a plurality of friction plates 11a of the outer cylinder member 13 The inner cylinder member provided with a plurality of friction plates 11b on the outer surface, and the friction plates 11a and 11b are pressed to fasten the outer cylinder member 13 and the inner cylinder member, so that the outer cylinder member 13 can rotate freely. A slit-shaped shielding member 30 that shields a portion of the communication hole 14 of the outer cylinder member 13 that faces the oil surface when rotated to the movement limit position PS1 is provided. For this reason, even if the oil surface inclines in the transmission case, it is possible to reliably prevent the backflow of oil from the oil reservoir, to prevent the oil surface from being lowered and to prevent air suction by the oil pump. It becomes possible.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with an example in which the present invention is applied to the second brake mechanism BR2 having the configuration of the automatic transmission as shown in FIG. 1, any one of the other brake mechanisms and each clutch mechanism is described. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to any one or a plurality of combinations of each brake mechanism and each clutch mechanism. In this case, it is desirable to apply to a mechanism that is most affected by the inclination of the oil surface. In the embodiment of the present invention, an example in which the present invention is applied to an 8-speed automatic transmission as shown in FIG. 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other automatic transmissions and continuously variable transmissions are also described. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a machine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transmission case 2 Input shaft 3 Output shaft 10 2nd brake attaching part 11a, 11b Friction plates 12a, 12b Spline 13 Outer cylinder member 14 Communication hole 15 Piston 21 Hole part 22 Energizing member 23 Press member 24 Notch part 25 Step part 30 Shield member 30a Gap 30b Closure 100 Opening BR1 First brake mechanism BR2 Second brake mechanism C1 First carrier C2 Second carrier C3 Third carrier C4 Fourth carrier CL1 First clutch mechanism CL2 Second clutch mechanism CL3 Third Clutch mechanism P1 1st pinion gear P2 2nd pinion gear P3 3rd pinion gear P4 4th pinion gear R1 1st ring gear (inner cylinder member)
R2 second ring gear R3 third ring gear R4 fourth ring gear RS1 first planetary gear mechanism RS2 second planetary gear mechanism RS3 third planetary gear mechanism RS4 fourth planetary gear mechanism S1 first sun gear S2 second sun gear S3 third sun gear S4 second 4 sun gear

Claims (4)

A plurality of friction plates provided on the inner surface, a communication hole formed so that oil can flow from the inner side to the outer side, and an outer cylinder member provided to be rotatable within a preset range from a reference position around the shaft core; ,
An inner cylinder member provided on the same axis as the shaft core, and a plurality of friction plates alternately provided on the outer surface of the outer cylinder member;
When the respective friction plates are pressed, the outer cylinder member and the inner cylinder member are fastened, and when the outer cylinder member is rotated to a set position in the rotatable range, the communication of the outer cylinder member is performed. A shielding member that shields a portion of the hole facing the oil surface;
A friction engagement device comprising:   2. The friction engagement device according to claim 1, wherein the outer cylinder member is an outer cylinder member of a brake mechanism provided on a transmission case with an input shaft for driving force as an axis. The outer cylinder member fixes the plurality of friction plates with spline grooves formed on the inner surface,
The friction engagement device according to claim 1, wherein the communication hole of the outer cylinder member is formed in a bottom portion of the spline groove.   4. The friction engagement device according to claim 3, wherein the shielding member is formed in a slit shape.

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