JP2015122834A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary electric machine which improves robustness and improves productivity.SOLUTION: A generator 1 (rotary electric machine) comprises a stator 10 including a coil 14 and a rotor 20 that is disposed oppositely to the stator 10. The stator 10 further includes a back yoke 11 having an annular shape and teeth 13 which protrude in a radial direction of the annular shape in the back yoke 11 and in which the coil 14 is disposed. The stator core 15 formed from the back yoke 11 and the teeth 13 is composed of one continuous member. The teeth 13 are equal to or narrower than a width of a connection part with the back yoke 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine, and more particularly to a rotating electrical machine that has excellent robustness and improved productivity.

  In a rotating electrical machine such as a radial type electric motor and a generator having a stator around which a plurality of coils are wound, the assembly process of the stator including the coil winding operation greatly affects the productivity. Generally, in a radial type stator, teeth are formed radially from an annular stator core, and a coil is wound around the teeth. Here, the tip end portion of the tooth (the portion facing the rotor) is often formed to be enlarged in order to improve the output and suppress the cogging torque. Therefore, it is difficult to insert the completed air-core coil from the tip side of the tooth, and it is necessary to wind the coil directly around the tooth. However, it is difficult to automatically wind the coil in a portion having an intricate shape, workability is extremely poor, and the space factor of the coil is also poor. Further, when the stator core is fixed to a housing member, a shaft, or the like, these are often fitted by shrink fitting, and heating time and cooling time are required. Thus, a great deal of man-hours and time are required in the assembly work of the radial stator.

  As described above, in order to improve the productivity of the radial type electric motor and generator, it is necessary to improve the assemblability of the stator core. As a conventional winding method for the stator core, a method of dividing the stator core is known. This method is a method of assembling the stator core after the teeth are divided into magnetic pole units in the stator core and the coil is directly wound around each of the teeth. Thereby, the coil can be automatically wound around the teeth, and the space factor of the coil is also improved.

  Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2001-251792 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1) proposes a method of adopting the method of dividing the stator core as described above and further improving the assembly of the stator. Specifically, a method has been proposed in which core elements divided into magnetic pole units are provided with elastic protrusions and grooves, and the core elements are joined together by press-fitting the protrusions into the grooves. In this method, the assembly workability of the stator can be improved by arranging a plurality of core elements in a circumferential manner and simultaneously coupling them.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-341748 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2) proposes a method for further improving the coil space factor in a split stator. Specifically, a method for improving the space factor of the coil by pushing a coil swollen above the storage space by the spring back into the storage space by a compression force at the time of joining the split cores has been proposed.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-285880 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 3) proposes a method in which the tip of the tooth that is wider than the coil storage space is separated. In this method, a separately manufactured bobbin-wound air-core coil is inserted into the magnetic pole teeth, and then the tips of the teeth are joined. As a result, the productivity of the coil is improved, and the workability of assembling the coil to the stator is improved.

JP 2001-251792 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-341748 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-285880

  As described above, in order to improve the productivity of the electric motor and the generator, it is necessary to improve the assembling property of the stator core, particularly the productivity of the coil and the assembling workability. In the structure in which the divided cores are coupled to each other as proposed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, there is a concern that the rigidity of the stator is low. In addition, the magnetic characteristics may be reduced due to the air gap generated when the protrusion is press-fitted into the groove, and the motor efficiency may be reduced. Further, in Patent Document 2, since the wound coils are compression-molded with each other, there is a concern about damage to the insulating coating inside the coil or a short circuit. Further, in Patent Document 3, since the tip portion of the tooth has a separation structure, there are problems such as robustness, magnetic characteristics, and reduction in power generation efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine machine having excellent robustness and improved productivity.

  The rotating electrical machine machine according to the present invention includes a stator including a coil and a rotor disposed to face the stator. The stator further includes a yoke portion having an annular shape, and a teeth portion that projects in the radial direction of the annular shape at the yoke portion and in which a coil is disposed. The stator core part which consists of a yoke part and a teeth part is comprised from one continuous member. The width of the tooth portion is equal to or less than the width at the connection portion with the yoke portion.

  In the rotating electrical machine, the stator core part composed of the yoke part and the tooth part is constituted by one continuous member. Therefore, robustness can be further improved as compared with a stator having a structure in which the stator core portion is divided. Moreover, in the said rotary electric machine, the width | variety of the teeth part is below the width in the connection part with a yoke part. For this reason, a separately prepared coil can be easily inserted from the tip end portion of the teeth portion (the portion opposite to the connecting portion with the yoke portion), so that the stator productivity is further improved. Therefore, according to the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine having excellent robustness and high productivity.

  Preferably, in the rotating electrical machine, the surface on which the tooth portion is formed in the yoke portion includes a flat surface. Thereby, a coil can be more reliably fixed with respect to a yoke part.

  In the rotating electrical machine, the coil is preferably configured by winding an electric wire having a square cross-sectional shape. The coil is fixed to the yoke portion on the plane of the yoke portion. Thereby, a coil can be more reliably fixed with respect to a yoke part.

  Preferably, the rotating electrical machine further includes a shaft member that is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the yoke portion and has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the yoke portion, and a stator fixing member that connects the yoke portion and the shaft member. Thereby, since the work time which fixes a stator (yoke part) with respect to a shaft member is shortened more, the productivity of the said rotary electric machine can be improved further.

  Preferably, in the rotating electrical machine, a positioning hole and a support hole are formed on the inner peripheral side of the yoke portion. Further, the yoke portion passes the positioning member through the positioning hole and the hole portion formed in the stator fixing member, and penetrates the supporting member through the supporting hole and the other hole portion formed in the stator fixing member. Thus, it is fixed to the stator fixing member. Thereby, a stator (yoke part) can be easily fixed with respect to a shaft member via a stator fixing member.

  In the rotating electrical machine, the rotor preferably includes a plurality of magnets facing the coil. The plurality of magnets constitutes a Halbach array. Thereby, in the said rotary electric machine, an output can be improved more and a cogging torque can be reduced more.

  As is clear from the above description, according to the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine having excellent robustness and high productivity.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of the generator which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the schematic which expands and shows the structure of the generator which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the cross-section of the coil comprised by winding a round wire. It is the schematic which shows the cross-section of the coil comprised by winding a flat wire. It is the schematic which shows the cross-section of the coil comprised by winding a square wire. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the structure of the generator which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the generator which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
First, Embodiment 1 which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, a radial generator 1 that is a rotating electrical machine machine according to the present embodiment is a surface magnet type (SPM) outer rotor generator. The generator 1 mainly includes a stator 10 and a rotor 20 each having a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion. The rotor 20 is larger in diameter than the stator 10 and is disposed so that the inner peripheral surface thereof faces the outer peripheral surface of the stator 10. The rotor 20 is disposed concentrically with the stator 10.

  The generator 1 is a generator used for applications such as hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation. The rotor 20 is connected to a member that rotates by hydraulic power or wind power, and rotates around the outer periphery of the stator 10 by receiving natural energy such as hydraulic power or wind power.

  The rotor 20 mainly includes a cylindrical member 21 having a hollow portion and a plurality of permanent magnets 22 (22a to 22d). The permanent magnet 22 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 21 so as to face the coil 14. In FIG. 1, the direction of the arrow in the permanent magnet 22 indicates the N pole, and the opposite side of the arrow indicates the S pole. The plurality of permanent magnets 22 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 21 so as to form a Halbach array.

  The permanent magnets 22 a and 22 c are magnetized in the radial direction of the rotor 20, and the permanent magnets 22 b and 22 d are magnetized in the circumferential direction of the rotor 20. The permanent magnet 22a has the north pole facing the stator 10, and the permanent magnet 22c has the south pole facing the stator 10. The permanent magnets 22 a and the permanent magnets 22 c are alternately arranged in the rotation direction (circumferential direction) of the rotor 20. The permanent magnet 22b is provided between the permanent magnet 22a and the permanent magnet 22c, and is arranged with the north pole facing the permanent magnet 22a and the south pole facing the permanent magnet 22c. The permanent magnet 22d is provided between the permanent magnet 22c and the permanent magnet 22a, and is arranged with the north pole facing the permanent magnet 22a and the south pole facing the permanent magnet 22c. With the Halbach array, a stronger magnetic field can be generated on the stator 10 side. Further, since the magnetic field can be switched to a sine wave shape, the cogging torque can be further reduced.

  The stator 10 includes a back yoke 11 (yoke portion), a plurality of teeth 13 (tooth portions) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the back yoke 11, and a plurality of coils 14 disposed on the teeth 13. The back yoke 11 has an annular shape and includes a plurality of flat surfaces 11a on the outer peripheral surface. The teeth 13 are formed (radially) so as to protrude radially outward on the outer peripheral surface of the back yoke 11. The intervals between the teeth 13 in the direction along the outer peripheral surface of the back yoke 11 are, for example, equal intervals. The back yoke 11 and the teeth 13 constitute a stator core 15, and the stator core 15 is integrally molded so as to be composed of a single continuous member. That is, the structure of the stator core 15 is different from that obtained by joining different members, and the robustness is higher than that of the structure.

  The coil 14 is an air-core coil that is formed by winding an electric wire (a copper wire coated with an insulating film) in a cylindrical shape and has a hollow portion that penetrates in the axial direction. The coil 14 is disposed so that the teeth 13 are inserted into the hollow portion. The length of the coil 14 in the axial direction is larger than the length of the teeth 13. That is, the tip of the tooth 13 is located in the hollow part of the coil 14.

  In general, there is a coreless structure in which the teeth 13 are not provided as a structure for suppressing the cogging torque. However, in this structure, the leakage of field magnetic flux becomes large, and the power generation efficiency is lowered. On the other hand, in the structure in which the length of the teeth 13 and the length in the axial direction of the coil 14 are the same, the power generation efficiency is improved, but the cogging torque is increased. On the other hand, in the generator 1 according to the present embodiment, the teeth 13 are based on numerical analysis, actual machine evaluation, or the like so as to be equal to or less than the cogging torque value permitted in applications for hydroelectric power generation and wind power generation. The length is set. Thereby, a low cogging torque is maintained as in the coreless structure, and the power generation efficiency is higher than that in the coreless structure. Further, in the coreless structure in which the teeth 13 are not provided, a positioning jig or the like is required for assembling the coils. However, in the generator according to the present embodiment, the coils 14 are guided (guided) by the teeth 13 and positioned. can do. Therefore, the coil 14 can be disposed at a predetermined position of the stator 10 without using a jig or the like.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the outer peripheral surface of the back yoke 11. The teeth 13 are convexly provided on each flat surface 11 a of the back yoke 11. More specifically, the teeth 13 are provided so that the flat surfaces 11a are located on both sides thereof. The coil 14 is fixed to the back yoke 11 with an adhesive (not shown) in a state where the teeth 13 are inserted into the hollow portion and the coil contact surface 14a faces the flat surface 11a. Thus, by connecting the planar coil contact surface 14a and the flat surface 11a of the back yoke 11 with an adhesive or the like so as to face each other, it is easy to apply the adhesive and the coil 14 and the back yoke. Higher adhesion with 11 can be ensured.

  The width of the teeth 13 is equal to or less than the width W at the connection portion with the back yoke 11. More specifically, the teeth 13 protrude outward in the radial direction from the connecting portion with the back yoke 11 while maintaining a width equal to or smaller than the width W (for example, the same width as the width W). Therefore, in the generator 1 according to the present embodiment, a coil 14 that is separately wound and inserted is inserted from the tip of the tooth 13 (arrow in FIG. 2), and the coil contact surface 14a and the flat surface 11a are opposed to each other. In this state, the coil 14 can be fixed to the stator core. The teeth 13 may be configured such that the width decreases from the connection portion with the back yoke 11 toward the tip portion.

  3-5 has shown the cross-section of the coil 14 (14a-14c) comprised by winding various electric wires. As shown in FIG. 3, a coil 14 a configured by winding an electric wire (round wire) having a circular cross section may be employed. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a coil 14b configured by winding an electric wire (flat wire) having a rectangular cross-sectional shape may be employed. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the coil 14c comprised by winding an electric wire (true square wire) with a square cross-sectional shape may be employ | adopted. In the coils 14b and 14c wound with electric wires having a square cross section shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, high productivity by automatic winding can be ensured. Furthermore, since the space factor of the coil can be further improved, the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the generator 1 further includes a stator fixing member 30 and a shaft 40 (shaft member). The shaft 40 has a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the back yoke 11 and is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the back yoke 11. More specifically, the central axis of the shaft 40 is disposed so as to coincide with the central axis of the back yoke 11. The stator fixing member 30 is connected to the shaft 40 by a set screw 60 and connects the shaft 40 and the back yoke 11.

  1 and 6, a plurality (three) of positioning pin holes 11b (positioning holes) and a plurality of (three) screw holes 11c (supporting holes) are provided on the inner peripheral side of the back yoke 11. ) Is formed. More specifically, the positioning pin holes 11 b and the screw holes 11 c are formed alternately and at equal intervals along the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke 11. Referring to FIG. 6, positioning pin 50 (positioning member) is inserted through positioning pin hole 11 b and hole portion 30 a formed in stator fixing member 30. Thereby, the back yoke 11 is positioned with respect to the shaft 40 via the stator fixing member 30. A screw 51 (support member) passes through the screw hole 11 c and the hole 30 b formed in the stator fixing member 30, and nuts 52 are disposed at both ends of the screw 51. Thereby, the back yoke 11 is fixed to the shaft 40 via the stator fixing member 30. By fixing the back yoke 11 to the shaft 40 via the stator fixing member 30 as described above, the stator core can be easily fastened to the shaft 40. Therefore, the working time can be greatly shortened compared with the case where the stator core is fixed to the shaft by shrink fitting or the like. Furthermore, in the generator 1 according to the present embodiment, the area A on the inner peripheral side of the back yoke 11 (stator) is a hollow area, so that the structure is very light with respect to the volume of the generator 1. can do.

  Next, the operation of the generator 1 will be described. With reference to FIG. 1, in the generator 1, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 22 crosses the copper wire of the coil 14 by rotating the rotor 20 by natural energy such as hydraulic power or wind power. Thereby, an alternating current is generated between the terminals of the coil 14. The plurality of coils 14 are connected in series and in parallel, and, for example, a three-phase AC voltage is output from the generator 1.

  As described above, in the generator 1 according to the present embodiment, the stator core 15 composed of the back yoke 11 and the teeth 13 is composed of one continuous member. Therefore, the robustness can be further improved as compared with the case where the stator core 15 has a divided structure. Moreover, in the said generator 1, the width | variety of the teeth 13 is below the width in the connection part with the back yoke 11. FIG. For this reason, the separately prepared coil 14 can be easily inserted from the tip end portion (portion opposite to the connecting portion with the back yoke 11) side of the teeth 13, so that the productivity of the stator 10 is further improved. ing. Therefore, the generator 1 according to the present embodiment is a generator having excellent robustness and high productivity.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, Embodiment 2 which is another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The generator 2 according to the present embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the generator 1 according to the first embodiment and has the same effects. However, the generator 1 is an outer rotor type generator in which the rotor 20 is disposed outside the stator 10, whereas the generator 2 according to the present embodiment is an inner rotor in which the rotor is disposed inside the stator. Type generator.

  Referring to FIG. 7, the generator 2 according to the present embodiment mainly includes a stator 70 and a rotor 80 each having a hollow shape and a cylindrical shape. The stator 70 and the rotor 80 basically have the same configuration as the stator 10 and the rotor 20 of the first embodiment, but the rotor 80 has a smaller diameter than the stator 70 and the outer peripheral surface of the stator 70 is the same. It arrange | positions so that an internal peripheral surface may be opposed. As described above, the generator 2 according to the present embodiment which is an inner rotor type is also a generator having excellent robustness and high productivity, similar to the generator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  In the first and second embodiments, the generators 1 and 2 have been described as examples of the rotating electrical machine. However, the rotating electrical machine of the present invention is not limited to this. The rotating electrical machine of the present invention can be similarly applied to a machine in which a stator and a rotor, such as an electric motor, rotate relative to each other.

  The embodiment disclosed this time is to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  The rotating electrical machine of the present invention can be applied particularly advantageously in rotating electrical machines that require improved robustness and productivity.

  1, 2 Generator, 10, 70 Stator, 11 Back yoke, 11a Plane, 11b Positioning pin hole, 11c Screw hole, 13 Teeth, 14 Coil, 14a Coil contact surface, 15 Stator core, 20, 80 Rotor, 21 Cylindrical member , 22 (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d) Permanent magnet, 30 stator fixing member, 30a, 30b hole, 40 shaft, 50 positioning pin, 51 screw, 52 nut, 60 set screw, A region, W width.

Claims (6)

A stator including a coil;
A rotor disposed opposite to the stator,
The stator further includes a yoke portion having an annular shape, and a teeth portion projecting in the radial direction of the annular shape in the yoke portion, where the coil is disposed,
The stator core part consisting of the yoke part and the teeth part is composed of one continuous member,
The rotating electrical machine machine, wherein a width of the tooth portion is equal to or less than a width at a connecting portion with the yoke portion.   The rotating electrical machine machine according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the yoke portion on which the teeth portion is formed includes a flat surface. The coil is configured by winding an electric wire having a square cross-sectional shape,
The rotating electrical machine machine according to claim 2, wherein the coil is fixed to the yoke portion in the plane. A shaft member disposed on the inner peripheral side of the yoke portion and having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the yoke portion;
The rotating electrical machine machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a stator fixing member that connects the yoke portion and the shaft member. A positioning hole and a support hole are formed in the yoke part,
The yoke part is inserted into the positioning hole and the hole formed in the stator fixing member, and the support member is inserted into the supporting hole and the other hole part formed in the stator fixing member. The rotating electrical machine machine according to claim 4, wherein the rotating electrical machine machine is fixed to the stator fixing member by passing through the stator. The rotor includes a plurality of magnets facing the coil,
The rotating electrical machine machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of magnets constitute a Halbach array.

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