JP2015113080A - Non-pneumatic tire - Google Patents

Non-pneumatic tire Download PDF

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JP2015113080A
JP2015113080A JP2013258387A JP2013258387A JP2015113080A JP 2015113080 A JP2015113080 A JP 2015113080A JP 2013258387 A JP2013258387 A JP 2013258387A JP 2013258387 A JP2013258387 A JP 2013258387A JP 2015113080 A JP2015113080 A JP 2015113080A
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tire
annular portion
circumferential
circumferential support
axial direction
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JP6173903B2 (en
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尚史 高橋
Hisafumi Takahashi
尚史 高橋
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Toyo Tire Corp
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Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-pneumatic tire whose durability can be improved.SOLUTION: A non-pneumatic tire 10 comprises: an inner annular part 12 mounted on a rim of a wheel; an outer annular part 14 surrounding the circumference of the inner annular part 12; a connection part 16 connecting the inner annular part and the outer annular part; and a tread part 18 provided along the circumference of the outer annular part. The connection part 16 is comprised of circumferential direction support walls 22 disposed at both tire axial-direction A ends of the tire, extending in a circumferential direction C of the tire, and made of resin or elastomer. Each of the circumferential direction support walls 22, 22 at both ends of the tire has a convex shape extending outward in the tire axial direction A.

Description

本発明は、使用に際し内部に加圧空気を充填することが不要な非空気入りタイヤに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a non-pneumatic tire that does not need to be filled with pressurized air when used.

従来の非空気入りタイヤとしては、ソリッドタイヤやクッションタイヤ等の中実ゴム構造のタイヤがある。かかる中実ゴム構造のタイヤは、質量が大きい上に衝撃吸収性に欠けているため、乗り心地性能が重視される乗用車用タイヤには採用されていないのが実情である。そこで、非空気入りタイヤの性能を向上するために、同心円状に設けられた内側環状部と外側環状部の間をスポークで連結してなる構造を持った非空気入りタイヤが提案されている。   Conventional non-pneumatic tires include solid rubber tires such as solid tires and cushion tires. Such a tire having a solid rubber structure has a large mass and lacks shock absorption, so that it is actually not used in a tire for passenger cars where ride comfort performance is important. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of the non-pneumatic tire, a non-pneumatic tire having a structure in which the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion provided concentrically are connected by spokes has been proposed.

例えば、特許文献1には、内側環状部と外側環状部の間を連結する支持体として、タイヤ周方向に連続しつつタイヤ赤道面と周上で複数回交差する支持壁を設けた構造が提案されている。特許文献2には、内側環状部と外側環状部の間を、タイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて配された複数のスポークで連結し、該スポークをタイヤ軸方向に対して傾斜させた構成が開示されている。特許文献3には、内側環状部と外側環状部の間に中間環状部を設けた上で、内側環状部と中間環状部の間、及び、中間環状部と外側環状部の間に、それぞれ、タイヤ軸方向に延びる複数のスポークをタイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて配設した構造が開示されている。   For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a structure in which a support wall that connects the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion is provided with a support wall that intersects the tire equatorial plane multiple times on the circumference while continuing in the tire circumferential direction. Has been. Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which an inner annular portion and an outer annular portion are connected by a plurality of spokes arranged at intervals in the tire circumferential direction, and the spokes are inclined with respect to the tire axial direction. Has been. In Patent Document 3, after providing an intermediate annular portion between the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion, between the inner annular portion and the intermediate annular portion, and between the intermediate annular portion and the outer annular portion, respectively. A structure is disclosed in which a plurality of spokes extending in the tire axial direction are disposed at intervals in the tire circumferential direction.

これらの非空気入りタイヤでは、荷重を受けたときに、内側環状部と外側環状部の距離が近づく方向に変形してスポークに圧縮力が作用し、これによりスポークが屈曲することで、衝撃を吸収することができる。しかしながら、タイヤ軸方向に延びるスポークをタイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて複数配設した構造では、隣接するスポーク同士が互いに近づく方向に屈曲することで接触する可能性があり、耐久性が損なわれるおそれがある。特に、軽量化等を目的として、スポークを樹脂やエラストマーなどの高分子材料で形成した場合、優れた耐久性を発揮することが難しいという問題がある。   In these non-pneumatic tires, when a load is applied, the inner ring portion and the outer ring portion are deformed in a direction in which the distance between them approaches, and a compression force acts on the spokes. Can be absorbed. However, in a structure in which a plurality of spokes extending in the tire axial direction are arranged at intervals in the tire circumferential direction, there is a possibility that adjacent spokes may contact each other by bending in a direction approaching each other, and durability may be impaired. There is. In particular, when the spoke is formed of a polymer material such as a resin or an elastomer for the purpose of weight reduction or the like, there is a problem that it is difficult to exhibit excellent durability.

ところで、特許文献4には、インホイールモータ方式の電気自動車用タイヤ/ホイール組立体の構造として、環状構造体と内側環状構造体との間を複数の金属ばね部材で連結する構造が開示されている。また、該金属ばね部材の配置の一例として、断面円弧形状の金属ばね部材を、円弧の凸部がタイヤ軸方向外方を向くように配置させた構造が開示されている。しかしながら、この文献は、モータの熱を効果的に空気中に放熱することを目的として、連結部を金属ばね部材で構成することを必須とするものであり、また、スポーク同士の接触を回避することによる耐久性向上効果についても何ら開示されていない。   By the way, Patent Document 4 discloses a structure in which an annular structure and an inner annular structure are connected by a plurality of metal spring members as an in-wheel motor type tire / wheel assembly for an electric vehicle. Yes. In addition, as an example of the arrangement of the metal spring members, a structure in which metal spring members having a circular arc cross section are arranged so that the convex portions of the arcs face outward in the tire axial direction is disclosed. However, this document requires that the connecting portion be made of a metal spring member for the purpose of effectively radiating the heat of the motor into the air, and avoids contact between the spokes. There is no disclosure about the effect of improving durability.

特開平3−82601号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-82601 特開2013−139253号公報JP 2013-139253 A 特開2009−035050号公報JP 2009-035050 A 特開2012−187982号公報JP 2012-187882 A

本発明は、以上の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、耐久性を向上することができる非空気入りタイヤを提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above point, and it aims at providing the non-pneumatic tire which can improve durability.

本実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤは、内側環状部と、前記内側環状部の外周を取り囲む外側環状部と、前記内側環状部と前記外側環状部をつなぐ連結部と、前記外側環状部の外周に設けられたトレッド部と、を備えた非空気入りタイヤにおいて、前記連結部が、タイヤ軸方向両端部に設けられてタイヤ周方向に延びかつ樹脂又はエラストマーからなる周方向支持壁を含み、前記両端部の周方向支持壁が、それぞれタイヤ軸方向外方に向かって凸形状に形成されたものである。   The non-pneumatic tire according to the present embodiment includes an inner annular portion, an outer annular portion surrounding the outer periphery of the inner annular portion, a connecting portion connecting the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion, and an outer periphery of the outer annular portion. In the non-pneumatic tire provided with a tread portion provided on the tire, the connecting portion includes a circumferential support wall provided at both ends in the tire axial direction and extending in the tire circumferential direction and made of resin or elastomer, The circumferential support walls at both ends are each formed in a convex shape outward in the tire axial direction.

本実施形態によれば、内側環状部と外側環状部をつなぐ連結部として設けた上記周方向支持壁が、タイヤ軸方向外方に向かって凸形状をなしているため、荷重を受けて圧縮力が作用したときにタイヤ軸方向外方に向かって撓み変形する。つまり、両端部に設けた周方向支持壁が互いに離れる方向に屈曲するので、両支持壁同士が接触することがなくなり、耐久性を向上することができる。   According to the present embodiment, the circumferential support wall provided as the connecting portion that connects the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion has a convex shape toward the outer side in the tire axial direction. Will bend and deform outward in the tire axial direction. That is, since the circumferential support walls provided at both ends bend in a direction away from each other, the support walls are not in contact with each other, and durability can be improved.

第1実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤの側面図。The side view of the non-pneumatic tire concerning a 1st embodiment. 図1のII−II線に相当する位置でのリム組み状態での断面図。Sectional drawing in the rim assembly state in the position corresponded to the II-II line | wire of FIG. 第2実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤの断面図。Sectional drawing of the non-pneumatic tire which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第2実施形態における周方向支持壁と軸方向スポークとの配置関係を示す内側環状部の正面図。The front view of the inner side annular part which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the circumferential direction support wall and axial direction spoke in 2nd Embodiment. 第2実施形態における支持構造体の部分斜視図。The fragmentary perspective view of the support structure in 2nd Embodiment. 第3実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤの断面図。Sectional drawing of the non-pneumatic tire which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第3実施形態における周方向支持壁と軸方向スポークとの配置関係を示す内側環状部の正面図。The front view of the inner side annular part which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the circumferential direction support wall and axial direction spoke in 3rd Embodiment. 第4実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤの断面図。Sectional drawing of the non-pneumatic tire which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 第4実施形態における周方向支持壁と軸方向スポークとの配置関係を示す内側環状部の正面図。The front view of the inner side annular part which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the circumferential direction support wall and axial direction spoke in 4th Embodiment. 第4実施形態の変更例を示す非空気入りタイヤの断面図。Sectional drawing of the non-pneumatic tire which shows the example of a change of 4th Embodiment. 第5実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤの側面図。The side view of the non-pneumatic tire concerning a 5th embodiment. 図11のXII−XII線断面図。XII-XII sectional view taken on the line of FIG.

以下、実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤについて図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, the non-pneumatic tire according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1及び図2は、第1実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10を示したものである。この非空気入りタイヤ10は、内側環状部12と、内側環状部12の外周を取り囲む外側環状部14と、内側環状部12と外側環状部14をつなぐ連結部16と、外側環状部14の外周に設けられたトレッド部18と、を備えてなる。   1 and 2 show a non-pneumatic tire 10 according to the first embodiment. The non-pneumatic tire 10 includes an inner annular portion 12, an outer annular portion 14 that surrounds the outer periphery of the inner annular portion 12, a connecting portion 16 that connects the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14, and an outer periphery of the outer annular portion 14. And a tread portion 18 provided on the head.

内側環状部12は、図2に示すようにホイール1のリム2に取り付けられる部分であり、リム2に外嵌する円筒形状をなしている。外側環状部14は、内側環状部12の周りを同軸(即ち、同心円状)にかつ間隙をおいて取り囲む円筒形状をなしており、内側環状部12を全幅で取り囲むように、内側環状部12とタイヤ軸方向Aで同一幅に設定されている。連結部16は、内側環状部12に対して外側環状部14を支持する部分であり、内側環状部12と外側環状部14の間に介在して両者を連結する。非空気入りタイヤ10では、これらの内側環状部12と外側環状部14と連結部16とにより、車両からの荷重を支持する支持構造体20が構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, the inner annular portion 12 is a portion that is attached to the rim 2 of the wheel 1, and has a cylindrical shape that is externally fitted to the rim 2. The outer annular portion 14 has a cylindrical shape surrounding the inner annular portion 12 coaxially (that is, concentrically) with a gap therebetween, and the inner annular portion 12 and the inner annular portion 12 so as to surround the entire width. The same width is set in the tire axial direction A. The connecting part 16 is a part that supports the outer annular part 14 with respect to the inner annular part 12, and is interposed between the inner annular part 12 and the outer annular part 14 to couple them together. In the non-pneumatic tire 10, the inner annular portion 12, the outer annular portion 14, and the connecting portion 16 constitute a support structure 20 that supports a load from the vehicle.

本実施形態において支持構造体20は、樹脂又はエラストマーからなるものである。これらの樹脂又はエラストマーは、繊維等の補強材で補強されたものであってもよい。   In the present embodiment, the support structure 20 is made of resin or elastomer. These resins or elastomers may be reinforced with reinforcing materials such as fibers.

樹脂としては、熱可塑性樹脂又は熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン樹脂(ABS樹脂)、アクリロニトリルスチレン樹脂(AS樹脂)などが挙げられ、これらのいずれか1種又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。また、熱硬化性樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、シリコン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、メラミン樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂などが挙げられ、これらのいずれか1種又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。   Examples of the resin include a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (ABS resin), acrylonitrile styrene resin (AS resin), and the like. Any one of these or a combination of two or more can be used. Moreover, as a thermosetting resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicon resin, a polyimide resin, a melamine resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, etc. are mentioned, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. Can do.

エラストマーとしては、熱可塑性エラストマー又は架橋ゴムが挙げられる。熱可塑性エラストマーとしては、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリオレフィンエラストマー、ポリアミドエラストマー、ポリスチレンエラストマー、ポリ塩化ビニルエラストマー、ポリウレタンエラストマー等が挙げられ、これらのいずれか1種又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。架橋ゴムを構成するゴム成分としては、天然ゴムの他、スチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)、ブタジエンゴム(BR)、イソプレンゴム(IIR)、ニトリルゴム(NBR)、水素添加ニトリルゴム(水添NBR)、クロロプレンゴム(CR)、エチレンプロピレンゴム(EPDM)、フッ素ゴム、シリコンゴム、アクリルゴム、ウレタンゴム等の合成ゴムが挙げられ、これらのいずか1種又は2種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。これらゴム成分を架橋するための架橋剤としては、例えば、硫黄、硫黄化合物、金属酸化物、変性フェノール樹脂等、ゴム成分の種類に応じて使用することができる。   Examples of the elastomer include a thermoplastic elastomer or a crosslinked rubber. Examples of the thermoplastic elastomer include polyester elastomers, polyolefin elastomers, polyamide elastomers, polystyrene elastomers, polyvinyl chloride elastomers, polyurethane elastomers, and the like, and any one or a combination of these can be used. As rubber components constituting the crosslinked rubber, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), isoprene rubber (IIR), nitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated nitrile rubber (hydrogenated NBR), Synthetic rubbers such as chloroprene rubber (CR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), fluorine rubber, silicon rubber, acrylic rubber, urethane rubber and the like can be mentioned, and any one of these or a combination of two or more can be used. As a crosslinking agent for crosslinking these rubber components, for example, sulfur, sulfur compounds, metal oxides, modified phenol resins, and the like can be used depending on the type of rubber component.

これらの樹脂又はエラストマーを補強する補強材としては、長繊維、短繊維、織布、不織布などの補強繊維、粒状フィラー等が挙げられる。補強繊維としては、例えば、レーヨンコード、ナイロン−6,6等のポリアミドコード、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステルコード、アラミドコード、ガラス繊維コード、カーボンファイバー、スチールコード等が挙げられる。粒状フィラーとしては、カーボンブラック、シリカ、アルミナ等のセラミックス、その他の無機フィラーなどが挙げられる。   Examples of the reinforcing material that reinforces these resins or elastomers include reinforcing fibers such as long fibers, short fibers, woven fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics, and granular fillers. Examples of the reinforcing fibers include rayon cords, polyamide cords such as nylon-6,6, polyester cords such as polyethylene terephthalate, aramid cords, glass fiber cords, carbon fibers, steel cords, and the like. Examples of the particulate filler include ceramics such as carbon black, silica, and alumina, and other inorganic fillers.

上記支持構造体20の外周に設けられるトレッド部18は、非空気入りタイヤ10の踏面部となる部分であり、外側環状部14の外周面に設けられたゴム弾性体からなる。トレッド部18としては、従来の空気入りタイヤのトレッドゴムと同様のものを用いることができ、図示しないが、通常は、表面に従来の空気入りタイヤと同様のトレッドパターンが設けられる。なお、トレッド部18と外側環状部14との間には、ベルトなどの補強層を設けてもよく、また設けなくてもよい。   The tread portion 18 provided on the outer periphery of the support structure 20 is a portion serving as a tread surface portion of the non-pneumatic tire 10 and is formed of a rubber elastic body provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer annular portion 14. As the tread portion 18, the same tread rubber as that of a conventional pneumatic tire can be used, and although not shown, a tread pattern similar to that of a conventional pneumatic tire is usually provided on the surface. A reinforcing layer such as a belt may or may not be provided between the tread portion 18 and the outer annular portion 14.

連結部16は、タイヤ軸方向Aの両端部に設けられてタイヤ周方向Cに延びる周方向支持壁22からなる。周方向支持壁22は、図2に示すように、内側環状部12と外側環状部14のタイヤ軸方向Aの端部において、内側環状部12と外側環状部14の間を連結することにより外側環状部14を内側環状部12に対して支持する壁部であり、タイヤ軸方向Aに対向するように左右に対をなして設けられている。ここで、周方向支持壁22を設けるタイヤ軸方向Aの両端部とは、内側環状部12の中央部を除くその両側の領域であり、該中央部とは、内側環状部12のタイヤ軸方向Aにおける中心位置を領域の中心として、内側環状部12の全幅の1/3程度の領域である。   The connecting portion 16 includes circumferential support walls 22 provided at both ends in the tire axial direction A and extending in the tire circumferential direction C. As shown in FIG. 2, the circumferential support wall 22 is formed by connecting the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14 to each other at the ends of the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14 in the tire axial direction A. It is a wall part which supports the annular part 14 with respect to the inner annular part 12, and is provided in a pair on the left and right so as to face the tire axial direction A. Here, both end portions in the tire axial direction A in which the circumferential support wall 22 is provided are regions on both sides excluding the central portion of the inner annular portion 12, and the central portion is the tire axial direction of the inner annular portion 12. This is a region about 1/3 of the entire width of the inner annular portion 12 with the center position in A as the center of the region.

周方向支持壁22は、タイヤ周方向Cに沿って延びる壁部であり、この例では、図1に示すようにタイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて複数設けられており、従って、放射状に延びるスポークとして設けられている。詳細には、周方向支持壁22は、タイヤ周方向Cに等間隔に配置されている。周方向支持壁22のタイヤ周方向Cにおける配設数は、特に限定されないが、両端部の周方向支持壁22,22を一対として、2〜300対であることが好ましく、より好ましくは4〜200対である。   The circumferential support wall 22 is a wall portion extending along the tire circumferential direction C. In this example, a plurality of circumferential support walls 22 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C as shown in FIG. It is provided as a spoke. Specifically, the circumferential support walls 22 are arranged at equal intervals in the tire circumferential direction C. The number of the circumferential support walls 22 in the tire circumferential direction C is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 300 pairs, more preferably 4 to 2 with the circumferential support walls 22 and 22 at both ends as a pair. There are 200 pairs.

図2に示すように、左右両端部の周方向支持壁22,22は、それぞれタイヤ軸方向A外方に向かって凸形状に形成されている。すなわち、周方向支持壁22は、タイヤ軸方向Aにおける外方側に膨らんだ湾曲状ないし屈曲状の断面形状を持つ板状壁部であり、内側環状部12に対する内周側付け根部24と外側環状部14に対する外周側付け根部26に対して、径方向中央部28がタイヤ軸方向A外方側に位置するように形成されている。これにより、左右の周方向支持壁22,22は、径方向中央部28,28が互いに離れるように膨らんだ断面形状に形成されている。ここで、符号Rは、径方向(タイヤ径方向)を示す。   As shown in FIG. 2, the circumferential support walls 22, 22 at both left and right ends are each formed in a convex shape toward the outside in the tire axial direction A. That is, the circumferential support wall 22 is a plate-like wall portion having a curved or bent cross-sectional shape that bulges outward in the tire axial direction A, and the inner peripheral side root portion 24 and the outer side with respect to the inner annular portion 12. A radially central portion 28 is formed so as to be positioned on the outer side in the tire axial direction A with respect to the outer peripheral side root portion 26 with respect to the annular portion 14. Accordingly, the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are formed in a cross-sectional shape that swells so that the radial center portions 28 and 28 are separated from each other. Here, the symbol R indicates the radial direction (tire radial direction).

なお、周方向支持壁22は、連結部16を構成するものであるため、上記した樹脂又はエラストマーからなるものであり、これには上記のように繊維等の補強材で補強されたものも含まれる。   In addition, since the circumferential direction support wall 22 comprises the connection part 16, it consists of above-described resin or an elastomer, and this includes what was reinforced with reinforcement materials, such as a fiber as mentioned above. It is.

本実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10は、モールド成形や射出成形などにより支持構造体20を作製した後、該支持構造体20の外周にトレッド部18を加硫成形等により形成することで製造することができる。上記のような周方向支持壁22を持つ支持構造体20の作製方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、内側環状部12と外側環状部14と周方向支持壁22を別々に成形しておいてこれらを接合一体化してもよく、あるいはまた、支持構造体20をタイヤ軸方向Aで2分割として成形しておいて両者を接合一体化してもよく、あるいはまた、内側環状部12と外側環状部14をそれぞれ互いに嵌合可能な内外二層構造とした上で、内側環状部12の内層と外側環状部14の内層と一方の周方向支持壁22を持つ部品と、内側環状部12の外層と外側環状部14の外層と他方の周方向支持壁22を持つ部品をそれぞれ成形しておき、両者を嵌合させて一体化してもよい。あるいはまた、内側環状部12と外側環状部14と周方向支持壁22を一体で成形してもよい。   The non-pneumatic tire 10 according to the present embodiment is manufactured by forming the support structure 20 by molding or injection molding and then forming the tread portion 18 on the outer periphery of the support structure 20 by vulcanization molding or the like. can do. The manufacturing method of the support structure 20 having the circumferential support wall 22 as described above is not particularly limited. For example, the inner annular portion 12, the outer annular portion 14, and the circumferential support wall 22 are separately molded. These may be joined and integrated, or alternatively, the support structure 20 may be formed into two parts in the tire axial direction A and both may be joined and integrated. Alternatively, the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion may be joined together. 14 having an inner / outer two-layer structure that can be fitted to each other, an inner layer of the inner annular portion 12, an inner layer of the outer annular portion 14, a part having one circumferential support wall 22, and an outer layer of the inner annular portion 12; The parts having the outer layer of the outer annular portion 14 and the other circumferential support wall 22 may be formed in advance, and both may be fitted and integrated. Alternatively, the inner annular portion 12, the outer annular portion 14, and the circumferential support wall 22 may be integrally formed.

以上よりなる本実施形態の非空気入りタイヤ10であると、内側環状部12と外側環状部14の端部同士をつなぐ左右の周方向支持壁22,22が、タイヤ軸方向Aの外方に膨らむことで荷重を支える。その際、これら周方向支持壁22,22が、タイヤ軸方向Aの外方に向かって凸形状をなしているため、荷重を受けて圧縮力が作用したときにタイヤ軸方向Aの外方に向かって撓み変形する。つまり、両端部に設けた周方向支持壁22,22は、互いに離れる方向に屈曲するので、タイヤ軸方向Aに隣り合った周方向支持壁22,22同士が接触することがなくなる。そのため、連結部16を含む支持構造体20を樹脂又はエラストマーで形成したものでありながら、優れた耐久性を発揮することができ、軽量化と耐久性を両立することができる。   In the case of the non-pneumatic tire 10 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 that connect the end portions of the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14 are outward in the tire axial direction A. Supports the load by swelling. At that time, since these circumferential support walls 22 and 22 have a convex shape outward in the tire axial direction A, the outer circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are outward in the tire axial direction A when a compressive force acts upon receiving a load. Deflection and deformation. That is, since the circumferential support walls 22 and 22 provided at both ends bend away from each other, the circumferential support walls 22 and 22 adjacent to each other in the tire axial direction A do not come into contact with each other. Therefore, while the support structure 20 including the connecting portion 16 is formed of resin or elastomer, excellent durability can be exhibited, and both weight reduction and durability can be achieved.

また、内側環状部12と外側環状部14を連結する連結部16を、タイヤ周方向Cに沿って延びる周方向支持壁22で構成したので、径方向Rでの剛性の増加を抑えつつ、周方向Cでの剛性を効果的に高めることができる。   In addition, since the connecting portion 16 that connects the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14 is configured by the circumferential support wall 22 extending along the tire circumferential direction C, the increase in rigidity in the radial direction R is suppressed, The rigidity in the direction C can be effectively increased.

図3〜図5は、第2実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10Aを示したものである。この例では、上記周方向支持壁22と従来のタイヤ軸方向Aに延びる幅方向スポーク30とを組み合わせた点が第1実施形態と異なる。   3 to 5 show a non-pneumatic tire 10A according to the second embodiment. In this example, the point which combined the said circumferential direction support wall 22 and the width direction spoke 30 extended in the conventional tire axial direction A differs from 1st Embodiment.

すなわち、第2実施形態において、連結部16は、両端部の周方向支持壁22,22と、タイヤ軸方向Aに延びる複数の幅方向スポーク30とで構成されている。幅方向スポーク30は、タイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて複数設けられており、この例では、タイヤ軸方向Aに等間隔に、かつ、周方向支持壁22と交互に配設されている。   That is, in 2nd Embodiment, the connection part 16 is comprised by the circumferential direction support walls 22 and 22 of both ends, and the several width direction spoke 30 extended in the tire axial direction A. As shown in FIG. A plurality of the width direction spokes 30 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C. In this example, the width direction spokes 30 are arranged at equal intervals in the tire axial direction A and alternately with the circumferential support walls 22.

本実施形態では、周方向支持壁22をタイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて断続状、即ち不連続に設けているので、幅方向スポーク30を図4及び図5に示すように、内側環状部12の全幅で設けることも可能である。このように、周方向支持壁22を不連続とすることで、従来の幅方向スポークと組み合わせる際の設計自由度が向上するので、剛性の向上に寄与することができる。すなわち、周方向支持壁22のみでは荷重を支える性能が足りないときに、幅方向スポーク30を設けることで、それを補助することができる。しかも、周方向支持壁22の存在により、幅方向スポーク30の配設間隔を広げることができるので、幅方向スポーク30が荷重により屈曲したとしても、隣接する幅方向スポーク30,30同士での接触を回避することができ、耐久性を損なうこともない。第2実施形態について、その他の構成及び作用効果は第1実施形態と同じであり、説明は省略する。   In the present embodiment, the circumferential support walls 22 are provided intermittently, i.e. discontinuously, at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. It is also possible to provide a full width of 12. Thus, by making the circumferential support wall 22 discontinuous, the degree of freedom in design when combined with the conventional width direction spoke is improved, which can contribute to improvement in rigidity. That is, when the capability of supporting the load is insufficient with only the circumferential support wall 22, it can be assisted by providing the width direction spoke 30. Moreover, since the spacing between the width direction spokes 30 can be widened by the presence of the circumferential support wall 22, even if the width direction spokes 30 are bent by a load, contact between the adjacent width direction spokes 30 and 30 can be performed. Can be avoided, and the durability is not impaired. About 2nd Embodiment, the other structure and effect are the same as 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

なお、図3〜5では、周方向支持壁22と組み合わせるスポークとして、タイヤ軸方向Aに延びる幅方向スポーク30を設けたが、タイヤ軸方向Aに対して傾斜した方向に延びるスポークを設けてもよい。このようにタイヤ軸方向Aに対して傾斜させて周方向成分を持たせたスポークと組み合わせることにより、タイヤ径方向Rの剛性増加を抑えつつ、タイヤ周方向Cの剛性をより高めることができる。   In addition, in FIGS. 3-5, although the width direction spoke 30 extended in the tire axial direction A was provided as a spoke combined with the circumferential direction support wall 22, you may provide the spoke extended in the direction inclined with respect to the tire axial direction A. Good. Thus, by combining with the spokes that are inclined with respect to the tire axial direction A and have a circumferential component, the rigidity in the tire circumferential direction C can be further increased while suppressing the increase in the rigidity in the tire radial direction R.

図6及び図7は、第3実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10Bを示したものである。この例では、周方向支持壁22Aをタイヤ周方向Cに連続して設けた点が第2実施形態と異なる。   6 and 7 show a non-pneumatic tire 10B according to the third embodiment. This example differs from the second embodiment in that the circumferential support wall 22A is provided continuously in the tire circumferential direction C.

すなわち、第3実施形態において、左右の周方向支持壁22A,22Aは、タイヤ周方向Cの全周にわたって連続して設けられている。従って、周方向支持壁22Aは、リング板状をなし、その内周縁が内側環状部12に、外周縁が外側環状部14にそれぞれ連結されている。   That is, in the third embodiment, the left and right circumferential support walls 22A and 22A are continuously provided over the entire circumference in the tire circumferential direction C. Accordingly, the circumferential support wall 22A has a ring plate shape, and an inner peripheral edge thereof is connected to the inner annular portion 12 and an outer peripheral edge is connected to the outer annular portion 14, respectively.

また、この例では、周方向支持壁22Aが全周に設けられているため、幅方向スポーク30Aは内側環状部12の全幅ではなく、周方向支持壁22Aと干渉しないように、内側環状部12の中央部において、タイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて複数配置されている。   Further, in this example, since the circumferential support wall 22A is provided on the entire circumference, the width direction spoke 30A is not the full width of the inner annular portion 12, and the inner annular portion 12 does not interfere with the circumferential support wall 22A. Are arranged at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C.

本実施形態であると、周方向支持壁22Aがタイヤ周方向Cに連続しているので、小石等の異物がタイヤ内に入るのを防止することができる。第3実施形態について、その他の構成及び作用効果は第2実施形態と同じであり、説明は省略する。   In the present embodiment, since the circumferential support wall 22A is continuous in the tire circumferential direction C, foreign matter such as pebbles can be prevented from entering the tire. About 3rd Embodiment, another structure and effect are the same as 2nd Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted.

図8及び図9は、第4実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10Cを示したものである。この例では、左右の周方向支持壁22,22間を弾性部材32で連結した点が第2実施形態と異なる。   8 and 9 show a non-pneumatic tire 10C according to the fourth embodiment. This example differs from the second embodiment in that the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are connected by an elastic member 32.

すなわち、第4実施形態において、タイヤ軸方向Aの両端部に配された周方向支持壁22,22は、両支持壁22,22間の距離を規制する弾性部材32により互いに連結されている。弾性部材32は、左右の周方向支持壁22,22における軸方向A外方側に膨らんだ頂部である径方向中央部28,28同士を連結して設けられており、この例では樹脂又は金属製の板バネで構成されている。弾性部材32は、図9に示すように、タイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて設けられた各一対の周方向支持壁22,22に対し、それぞれ設けられている。   That is, in the fourth embodiment, the circumferential support walls 22 and 22 arranged at both ends in the tire axial direction A are connected to each other by the elastic member 32 that regulates the distance between the support walls 22 and 22. The elastic member 32 is provided by connecting radial central portions 28 and 28 that are swelled outward in the axial direction A of the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22. In this example, the elastic member 32 is made of resin or metal. It consists of a leaf spring made of metal. As shown in FIG. 9, the elastic member 32 is provided for each pair of circumferential support walls 22, 22 provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C.

このように弾性部材32で連結した構造の作製方法は、特に限定されず、例えば、周方向支持壁22と弾性部材32を別々に成形しておいてこれらを接合一体化してもよく、あるいはまた、周方向支持壁22に穴又は突起を設けておき、弾性部材32がそれに嵌るように一体化してもよく、あるいはまた、周方向支持壁22と弾性部材32を一体で成形してもよい。   The manufacturing method of the structure connected with the elastic member 32 in this way is not particularly limited. For example, the circumferential support wall 22 and the elastic member 32 may be separately formed and joined together, or alternatively Alternatively, the circumferential support wall 22 may be provided with holes or protrusions, and the elastic member 32 may be integrated so as to fit into it, or the circumferential support wall 22 and the elastic member 32 may be integrally formed.

本実施形態であると、荷重を受けて、左右の周方向支持壁22,22がタイヤ軸方向Aの外方に向かって撓み変形するときに、弾性部材32によって左右の周方向支持壁22,22間の距離が過度に大きくなるのを防いで、周方向支持壁22の過度な撓み変形を抑えることができる。これにより非空気入りタイヤ10Cの剛性を上げることができ、耐久性をより高めることができる。   In this embodiment, when the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are bent and deformed outward in the tire axial direction A under the load, the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are The distance between 22 can be prevented from becoming excessively large, and excessive bending deformation of the circumferential support wall 22 can be suppressed. Thereby, the rigidity of the non-pneumatic tire 10C can be increased, and the durability can be further increased.

なお、弾性部材32としては、上記のような板バネには限定されず、例えば、図10に示すようなスプリングにより構成してもよい。第4実施形態について、その他の構成及び作用効果は第2実施形態と同じであり、説明は省略する。   The elastic member 32 is not limited to the plate spring as described above, and may be constituted by a spring as shown in FIG. 10, for example. Regarding the fourth embodiment, other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

図11及び図12は、第5実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤ10Dを示したものである。この例では、内側環状部12と外側環状部14との間に中間環状部34を設けた点で第1実施形態と異なる。   11 and 12 show a non-pneumatic tire 10D according to the fifth embodiment. This example differs from the first embodiment in that an intermediate annular portion 34 is provided between the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14.

中間環状部34は、内側環状部12の外周を同軸に取り囲む円筒形状をなしており、内側環状部12と外側環状部14の径方向Rにおける中間位置に配設されている。中間環状部34は、内側環状部12と外側環状部14と連結部16とともに支持構造体20を構成するものであり、上記の通り樹脂又はエラストマーからなる。   The intermediate annular portion 34 has a cylindrical shape that coaxially surrounds the outer periphery of the inner annular portion 12, and is disposed at an intermediate position in the radial direction R between the inner annular portion 12 and the outer annular portion 14. The intermediate annular portion 34 constitutes the support structure 20 together with the inner annular portion 12, the outer annular portion 14, and the connecting portion 16, and is made of resin or elastomer as described above.

このように中間環状部34を設けたことにより、連結部16は、内側環状部12と中間環状部34をつなぐ内側連結部36と、中間環状部34と外側環状部14をつなぐ外側連結部38とで構成されている。そして、この例では外側連結部38が上記周方向支持壁22で構成されており、内側連結部36はタイヤ軸方向Aに延びる幅方向スポーク40のみで構成されている。詳細には、外側連結部38は、タイヤ軸方向Aの両端部に設けられた左右の周方向支持壁22,22を、タイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて複数配置することで構成されている。内側連結部36は、タイヤ軸方向Aの全幅に延びる幅方向スポーク40をタイヤ周方向Cに間隔をおいて複数配置することで構成されている。   By providing the intermediate annular portion 34 in this manner, the connecting portion 16 includes an inner connecting portion 36 that connects the inner annular portion 12 and the intermediate annular portion 34, and an outer connecting portion 38 that connects the intermediate annular portion 34 and the outer annular portion 14. It consists of and. In this example, the outer connecting portion 38 is constituted by the circumferential support wall 22, and the inner connecting portion 36 is constituted only by the width direction spoke 40 extending in the tire axial direction A. Specifically, the outer connecting portion 38 is configured by arranging a plurality of left and right circumferential support walls 22, 22 provided at both ends in the tire axial direction A at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C. . The inner connecting portion 36 is configured by arranging a plurality of width direction spokes 40 extending in the entire width in the tire axial direction A at intervals in the tire circumferential direction C.

本実施形態であると、中間環状部34を設けたことにより、周方向支持壁22の高さ(タイヤ径方向Rでの寸法)を小さくすることができるので、荷重を受けたときのタイヤ軸方向A外方への撓み変形量を抑えることができ、実車走行時における障害物との接触を抑制することができる。また、この例では、外側連結部38に周方向支持壁22を設けており、外側連結部38は内側連結部36よりも一般に撓み変形量が大きくなる傾向にあるので、スポーク同士の接触を抑制することによる耐久性向上効果の点で有利である。   In the present embodiment, since the intermediate annular portion 34 is provided, the height of the circumferential support wall 22 (dimension in the tire radial direction R) can be reduced, so that the tire shaft when receiving a load. The amount of bending deformation outward in the direction A can be suppressed, and contact with an obstacle during actual vehicle travel can be suppressed. Further, in this example, the circumferential support wall 22 is provided in the outer connecting portion 38, and the outer connecting portion 38 generally tends to bend and deform more than the inner connecting portion 36, so that the contact between the spokes is suppressed. This is advantageous in terms of improving durability.

なお、周方向支持壁22は外側連結部38だけでなく、内側連結部36に設けてもよく、内側連結部36と外側連結部38の双方に設けてもよい。第5実施形態について、その他の構成及び作用効果は第1実施形態と同じであり、説明は省略する。   The circumferential support wall 22 may be provided not only on the outer connecting portion 38 but also on the inner connecting portion 36, or may be provided on both the inner connecting portion 36 and the outer connecting portion 38. Regarding the fifth embodiment, other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

以上説明したいくつかの実施形態に係る非空気入りタイヤは、乗用車用空気入りタイヤなど、従来の空気入りタイヤの代替として使用することができ、またソリッドタイヤやクッションタイヤなどの中実ゴム構造タイプの非空気入りタイヤの代替として使用することができる。一般の空気入りタイヤ以外の具体的な用途としては、例えば車椅子用タイヤ、建設車両用タイヤなどが挙げられる。   The non-pneumatic tire according to some embodiments described above can be used as a substitute for a conventional pneumatic tire such as a pneumatic tire for passenger cars, and is a solid rubber structure type such as a solid tire or a cushion tire. It can be used as an alternative to non-pneumatic tires. Specific applications other than general pneumatic tires include, for example, wheelchair tires and construction vehicle tires.

実施例1として、樹脂製の支持構造体とゴム製のトレッド部を持つ図1に示す第1実施形態に相当する非空気入りタイヤを試作した。リム径(内側環状部の内径):354.8mm、タイヤ断面高さ(内側環状部の内周面からトレッド部表面までの径方向高さ):83mm、トレッド幅:140mmとし、周方向支持壁22を40対(計80個)設けた。実施例2では、実施例1に対し、左右の周方向支持壁22,22の間を、板バネを弾性部材32として用いて連結した構造とした。実施例3は、図3に示す第2実施形態に相当する例であり、実施例1に対し、幅方向スポーク30を20個追加した構造とした。実施例4は、実施例3に対し、左右の周方向支持壁22,22の間を、板バネを弾性部材32として用いて連結した構造とした。また、コントロールとして、実施例1に対し、周方向支持壁を設けずに幅方向スポークのみをタイヤ周方向に40個配置した比較例の非空気入りタイヤを作製した。   As Example 1, a non-pneumatic tire corresponding to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 having a resin support structure and a rubber tread portion was made as an experiment. Rim diameter (inner diameter of inner annular portion): 354.8 mm, tire cross-section height (radial height from inner circumferential surface of inner annular portion to tread surface): 83 mm, tread width: 140 mm, circumferential support wall There were 40 pairs of 22 (80 in total). The second embodiment has a structure in which the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are connected to each other by using a leaf spring as the elastic member 32 with respect to the first embodiment. Example 3 is an example corresponding to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and has a structure in which 20 width-direction spokes 30 are added to Example 1. The fourth embodiment has a structure in which the left and right circumferential support walls 22 and 22 are connected to each other by using a leaf spring as the elastic member 32 with respect to the third embodiment. Further, as a control, a non-pneumatic tire of a comparative example in which only 40 width direction spokes were arranged in the tire circumferential direction without providing a circumferential support wall with respect to Example 1 was produced.

得られた実施例及び比較例の非空気入りタイヤについて、耐久性を評価した。耐久性は、直径1.7mのドラムを備えた室内ドラム試験機を使用し、試験速度を80km/hとし、タイヤ負荷荷重をJIS規定(タイヤサイズが対応する空気入りタイヤのJIS規定)の85%から始め、規定時間ごとに荷重を上げていき最終的に140%で走行させた。故障までの走行距離を求め、比較例の値を100とした指数で評価した。指数が大きいほど、耐久性が優れることを示す。結果は、下記表1に示す通りであり、実施例1では、幅方向スポークのみで構成した比較例よりも耐久性に優れていた。また、実施例1に対して周方向支持壁同士を弾性部材で連結した実施例2では耐久性が更に向上した。また、実施例1及び2に対して、周方向支持壁とともに幅方向スポークを組み合わせた実施例3及び4では、耐久性の更なる向上効果が得られた。   Durability was evaluated about the obtained non-pneumatic tire of the Example and the comparative example. Durability is an indoor drum tester equipped with a drum with a diameter of 1.7 m, the test speed is 80 km / h, and the tire load is 85 according to JIS rules (JIS rules for pneumatic tires corresponding to tire sizes). Starting from%, the load was increased every specified time and finally it was run at 140%. The distance traveled until the failure was determined and evaluated using an index with the value of the comparative example as 100. It shows that durability is excellent, so that an index | exponent is large. A result is as showing in following Table 1, and in Example 1, it was excellent in durability rather than the comparative example comprised only in the width direction spoke. Moreover, durability was further improved in Example 2 in which the circumferential support walls were connected to each other by an elastic member. Further, in Examples 3 and 4 in which the width direction spokes were combined with the circumferential support walls in comparison with Examples 1 and 2, a further improvement effect of durability was obtained.

Figure 2015113080
以上、いくつかの実施形態を説明したが、これらの実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。これら新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。
Figure 2015113080
Although some embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

10,10A,10B,10C、10D…非空気入りタイヤ、
12…内側環状部、14…外側環状部、16…連結部、18…トレッド部、
22,22A…周方向支持壁、30,30A…幅方向スポーク、32…弾性部材
34…中間環状部、36…内側連結部、38…外側連結部、
A…タイヤ軸方向、C…タイヤ周方向
10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D ... non-pneumatic tires,
12 ... Inner ring part, 14 ... Outer ring part, 16 ... Connection part, 18 ... Tread part,
22, 22A ... circumferential support wall, 30, 30A ... width direction spoke, 32 ... elastic member 34 ... intermediate annular part, 36 ... inner connecting part, 38 ... outer connecting part,
A ... tire axial direction, C ... tire circumferential direction

Claims (6)

内側環状部と、前記内側環状部の外周を取り囲む外側環状部と、前記内側環状部と前記外側環状部をつなぐ連結部と、前記外側環状部の外周に設けられたトレッド部と、を備えた非空気入りタイヤにおいて、
前記連結部が、タイヤ軸方向両端部に設けられてタイヤ周方向に延びかつ樹脂又はエラストマーからなる周方向支持壁を含み、前記両端部の周方向支持壁が、それぞれタイヤ軸方向外方に向かって凸形状に形成された
ことを特徴とする非空気入りタイヤ。
An inner annular portion, an outer annular portion surrounding the outer periphery of the inner annular portion, a connecting portion connecting the inner annular portion and the outer annular portion, and a tread portion provided on the outer periphery of the outer annular portion. In non-pneumatic tires,
The connecting portions include circumferential support walls provided at both ends in the tire axial direction and extending in the tire circumferential direction and made of resin or elastomer, and the circumferential support walls at the both ends are respectively directed outward in the tire axial direction. A non-pneumatic tire characterized by having a convex shape.
前記周方向支持壁が、タイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて複数設けられた請求項1記載の非空気入りタイヤ。   The non-pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the circumferential support walls are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction. 前記周方向支持壁が、タイヤ周方向の全周にわたって連続して設けられた請求項1記載の非空気入りタイヤ。   The non-pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential support wall is provided continuously over the entire circumference in the tire circumferential direction. 前記連結部が、前記周方向支持壁とともに、タイヤ軸方向又はタイヤ軸方向に対して傾斜した方向に延びるものであってタイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて配置された複数のスポークを含む請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の非空気入りタイヤ。   2. The connecting portion includes a plurality of spokes that extend in the tire axial direction or a direction inclined with respect to the tire axial direction together with the circumferential support wall and are arranged at intervals in the tire circumferential direction. The non-pneumatic tire of any one of -3. 前記タイヤ軸方向両端部に配された前記周方向支持壁が、両周方向支持壁間の距離を規制する弾性部材により連結された請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の非空気入りタイヤ。   The non-pneumatic of any one of Claims 1-4 with which the said circumferential support wall distribute | arranged to the said tire axial direction both ends was connected by the elastic member which regulates the distance between both circumferential support walls. tire. 前記内側環状部と前記外側環状部の間に中間環状部が設けられ、前記連結部が、前記内側環状部と前記中間環状部をつなぐ内側連結部と、前記中間環状部と前記外側環状部をつなぐ外側連結部を含み、前記内側連結部と前記外側連結部の少なくとも一方が前記周方向支持壁を含む請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の非空気入りタイヤ。   An intermediate annular part is provided between the inner annular part and the outer annular part, and the connecting part includes an inner connecting part that connects the inner annular part and the intermediate annular part, and the intermediate annular part and the outer annular part. The non-pneumatic tire according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an outer connecting portion to be connected, wherein at least one of the inner connecting portion and the outer connecting portion includes the circumferential support wall.
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CN111422008A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-07-17 厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司 Inflation-free tire for portable electric recreational vehicle
CN114851779A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-08-05 扬州大学 Non-pneumatic tire based on four-tangential anti-handedness negative Poisson ratio structure

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