JP2015014094A - Bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bucket capable of shortening time required for bedrock cleaning work.SOLUTION: A bucket 1 comprises a bucket body 11 for erecting a back plate 18 and a pair of side plates 19 and 21 to a bottom plate 17, and is used by being installed in a construction machine 2. This bucket 1 is juxtaposed with a plurality of movable claw parts 26 between one side plate 19 and the other side plate 21 along the bottom plate 17, and the moving direction D2 of the movable claw parts 26 is parallel to the bottom plate 17, and is orthogonal to the installation direction D1 juxtaposed with the movable claw parts 26, and the movable claw parts 26 are energized in the separating direction D3 from the back plate 18.

Description

  The present invention relates to a bucket used by being attached to a construction machine.

  A concrete structure such as a dam may be placed on a solid rock. At this time, it is necessary to remove the earth and sand on the rock surface in order to ensure the bonding strength between the rock surface and the concrete. Therefore, in dam construction work or the like, before the concrete is placed on the rock surface, a rock mass cleaning operation is performed to remove earth and sand on the rock surface.

  As a technique used for such rock mass cleaning work, there are Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. Patent Document 1 discloses a shovel bucket that is attached to a base machine such as a backhoe and is used for a rock cleaning operation. This shovel bucket includes a plurality of scraping members arranged in parallel in the width direction of the shovel bucket. The scraping member is pivotally supported with respect to a support shaft extending in the width direction, and is biased toward the distal end side of the scraping member. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a rock mass cleaning device using an existing power excavator for the rock mass cleaning work. In this rock cleaning device, a rock brush for sweeping the rock surface is attached to the tip of the excavation bucket.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-144053 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46536

  The bedrock cleaning work includes not only collecting the earth and sand on the surface of the bedrock, but also collecting the collected earth and sand and loading them on a dump truck or the like. However, although the shovel bucket of Patent Document 1 and the rock cleaning device of Patent Document 2 can collect the earth and sand on the rock surface, it is difficult to efficiently collect the collected earth and load it on a dump truck or the like. Accordingly, it is necessary to prepare a loading bucket separately, and it has been difficult to shorten the time required for the bedrock cleaning work including the work of carrying out the earth and sand.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the bucket which can shorten the time which a rock mass cleaning operation requires.

  The present invention has a bucket body in which a back plate and a pair of side plates are erected with respect to a bottom plate, and is used by being attached to a construction machine. A plurality of movable claw portions are arranged in parallel with the side plate, and the moving direction of the movable claw portion is parallel to the bottom plate and is orthogonal to the installation direction in which the movable claw portions are arranged in parallel. Is biased away from the back plate.

This bucket has a plurality of movable claws arranged in the width direction of the bucket body. Each movable claw portion is movable in a moving direction orthogonal to the width direction of the bucket body, and is biased in a direction away from the back plate. Therefore, when the bucket is advanced with the tip of the movable claw pressed against the rock surface, the tip of the movable claw follows the irregularities on the rock surface, so that the earth and sand on the rock surface can be efficiently collected. Then, the collected earth and sand are sequentially accommodated in the bucket body, and are accumulated or appropriately loaded on a dump truck or the like.
Therefore, according to this bucket, it is possible to carry out the collection of the collected earth and sand in the bucket body while efficiently collecting the earth and sand on the surface of the bedrock. Time can be shortened.

  The movable claw portion is fixed to the tip of the movable shaft in a direction away from the back plate, and a protective plate that covers the exposed movable shaft is attached to the bottom plate. According to this configuration, since the movable claw portion is fixed to the tip of the movable shaft protruding from the bottom plate, a gap corresponding to the length of the exposed movable shaft is generated between the movable claw portion and the bottom plate. . And this clearance gap is covered with the protective plate attached so that the exposed movable shaft might be covered. Therefore, the earth and sand scooped up at the movable claw part moves over the protection plate without falling from the gap between the movable claw part and the bottom plate, and moves to the bucket body. Can be well collected in the bucket body.

  In addition, a guide accommodating portion for guiding each movable shaft is juxtaposed to the bottom plate, and a guide plate corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the guide accommodating portion is attached to the movable shaft, and the guide plate is biased by a compression spring. ing. According to this configuration, since the movable shaft to which the guide plate is attached is guided in the movement direction in the guide housing portion, the movement direction of the movable claw portion can be maintained substantially parallel to the movement direction of the bucket. Become. Therefore, when the bucket is moved, the movable claw portion can be smoothly moved with respect to the moving direction.

  The outer shape of the guide plate is a rectangle or a polygon. According to this configuration, since the rotation around the axis of the movable shaft does not occur, the movable claw portion attached to the movable shaft does not rotate. Therefore, the contact state of the movable claw part with respect to the rock surface can be maintained in a state where the earth and sand can be efficiently collected.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the bucket which can shorten the time which a rock mass cleaning operation requires is provided.

It is a figure which shows the state which attached the bucket of this invention to the construction machine. FIG. 2 is a side view of the bucket shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bucket shown in FIG. 1. It is a front view which shows the movable nail | claw part of the bucket shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing of the movable nail | claw part of the bucket shown by FIG. It is a side view which shows the use condition of the bucket shown by FIG. It is a top view which shows the use condition of the bucket shown by FIG. It is a side view which shows another use condition of the bucket shown by FIG.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the bucket will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the bucket 1 is a so-called attachment that is used by being attached to a construction machine 2. The bucket 1 is used for scooping up the earth and sand B on the rock mass G in the rock mass cleaning operation. In this embodiment, a crawler type backhoe is used as the construction machine 2. The crawler-type backhoe includes a main body 4 that is pivotably disposed on the crawler 3, and the main body 4 includes a boom 6 and an arm 7 that are swingably provided. The bucket 1 is connected to the tip of the arm 7.

  In the following description, “front and rear” of the bucket 1 is assumed that the opening side of the bucket 1 is “front” and the back plate side of the bucket 1 is “rear”.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the bucket 1 has a bucket body 11. A connecting portion 12 for connecting the bucket body 11 to the construction machine 2 is welded to the upper portion of the bucket body 11. A movable claw device 13 is provided at the lower part of the bucket body 11. The connecting portion 12 is swingably connected to the arm 7 via the shaft 14 and is swingably connected to the piston 15 via the shaft 16. The bucket 1 rotates about the shaft 14 as the rotation center R1 by an amount corresponding to the protruding length of the piston 15. Accordingly, the posture of the movable claw device 13 with respect to the rock G (see FIG. 1) is controlled.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bucket body 11 has a bottom plate 17, and a back plate 18 is erected on the rear edge of the bottom plate 17. The connecting portion 12 is welded to the upper portion of the back plate 18. In addition, triangular side plates 19 and 21 are erected on a pair of side edges of the bottom plate 17, and the side edges of the side plates 19 and 21 are fixed to the back plate 18. The bucket body 11 includes an opening 22 for taking the earth and sand B into the bucket body 11. The opening 22 is formed by being surrounded by the back plate 18, the reinforcing plate 23 fixed to the opening edges of the side plates 19 and 21, and the bottom plate 17.

  The movable claw device 13 has a guide housing unit 24 and a plurality of movable claw portions 26. The guide housing unit 24 is parallel to the bottom plate 17 and guides the movable claw portion 26 in a moving direction D2 orthogonal to the installation direction D1 in which the movable claw portions 26 are arranged in parallel.

  The guide housing unit 24 includes a plurality of guide housing portions 27 juxtaposed in the installation direction D1 (see FIG. 3). The guide housing unit 24 includes a bottom plate 17, a lower plate 28 that is spaced downward from the bottom plate 17 and provided in parallel with the bottom plate 17, a rear plate 29 (see FIG. 5) provided on the back plate 18 side, It has side plates 30a and 30b and a front plate 31 provided on the movable claw portion 26 side. The bottom plate 17, the lower plate 28, the rear plate 29, the side plates 30a and 30b, and the front plate 31 form a guide region.

  In this guide region, a plurality of partition walls 32 extending in the movement direction D2 are arranged in parallel in the installation direction D1, and the guide region is divided into a plurality of regions. These divided areas form a guide accommodating portion 27. In the present embodiment, eight partition walls 32 are arranged, and nine guide housing portions 27 are formed. That is, the guide accommodating portion 27 is formed including the bottom plate 17, the lower plate 28, the rear plate 29, the side plates 30 a and 30 b, the front plate 31, and the partition wall 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front plate 31 has a plurality of through holes 33 arranged in the installation direction D <b> 1, and a movable shaft 34 is inserted into each through hole 33. That is, a plurality of movable shafts 34 are arranged in parallel in the installation direction D1.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the front end portion of the movable shaft 34 protrudes from the front plate 31 in the urging direction D3, which is a direction away from the back plate 18 (see FIG. 1). The side is exposed. A movable claw portion 26 is attached to the front end portion of the movable shaft 34.

  The movable claw portion 26 is provided along the bottom plate 17 between the one side plate 19 and the other side plate 21 (see FIG. 2). The movable claw portion 26 includes an adapter 36 attached to the front end portion of the movable shaft 34 and a claw body 37 attached to the adapter 36 and in contact with the rock mass G. The claw body 37 has a bedrock facing portion 37a facing the bedrock G, and a rake face 37b for collecting and scooping up the earth and sand B on the bedrock G.

  Here, a gap corresponding to the protruding length L <b> 1 of the movable shaft 34 is generated between the bottom plate 17 and the movable claw portion 26. A protection plate 38 extending in the installation direction D1 is attached to the front edge portion 17a of the bottom plate 17 so as to cover the gap from above. That is, the protective plate 38 protrudes from the edge of the bottom plate 17 like a bowl.

  On the other hand, the rear end portion of the movable shaft 34 is inserted into the through hole 33 and disposed in the guide accommodating portion 27. A guide plate 39 is attached to the rear end portion of the movable shaft 34. The outer shape of the guide plate 39 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the guide accommodating portion 27 perpendicular to the moving direction D2, and the guide plate 39 of the present embodiment is rectangular. Further, another guide plate 41 is attached to the movable shaft 34 disposed in the guide accommodating portion 27 so as to be spaced forward from the guide plate 39. The guide plate 41 has the same shape as the guide plate 39.

  A region S <b> 2 between the guide plate 39 and the guide plate 41 is filled with a grease material 42 for smooth movement of the movable shaft 34. Further, on the front side of the lower plate 28, nipples 43 for injecting the grease material 42 are provided corresponding to the respective guide accommodating portions 27. The nipple 43 penetrates the lower plate 28 in the thickness direction, and a female screw is provided on the inner wall surface of the hole. A screw 44 for preventing the grease material 42 from leaking is screwed into the nipple 43.

  A compression coil spring 46 is disposed in a region S3 between the guide plate 39 and the rear plate 29. The compression coil spring 46 urges the movable claw portion 26 in the urging direction D3 via the guide plate 39 and the movable shaft 34. The rear end of the compression coil spring 46 is in contact with the rear plate 29, and the front end is in contact with the guide plate 39. In order to prevent the compression coil spring 46 from shifting in the radial direction, a cylindrical convex portion 29a provided on the rear plate 29 is inserted on the rear end side of the compression coil spring 46, and a movable shaft is provided on the front end side. A rear end 34a of 34 is inserted.

  Next, the operation of the movable claw device 13 will be described. In the initial state, the movable claw portion 26 is urged in the urging direction D3 by the compression coil spring 46 and protrudes most forward. At this time, the protruding length L1 of the movable shaft 34 is determined by the mounting position of the guide plate 41. That is, the protruding length L1 is a length obtained by removing the thickness of the front plate 31 from the length between the front end surface of the movable shaft 34 and the guide plate 41.

  On the other hand, in a state where the movable claw portion 26 is pressed against the surface of the bedrock G, the movable claw portion 26 moves in the direction D4 approaching the back plate 18. At this time, the movable claw portion 26 moves until the guide plate 39 comes into contact with the end stopper 47A provided on the bottom plate 17 and the end stopper 47B provided on the lower plate 28.

  Next, an operation of scooping earth and sand B on the surface of the rock G using the construction machine 2 to which the bucket 1 is attached will be described. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, first, the bucket 1 is placed on the surface of the rock G so that the angle K1 formed by the rake face 37b of the claw body 37 and the surface of the rock G becomes an obtuse angle of 90 degrees or more. Be placed. At this time, the surface of the rock G may have irregularities in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the rock G (see FIG. 6), and may have irregularities along the installation direction D1 of the bucket 1 (FIG. 7). reference). Since the movable claw portions 26 of the bucket 1 can expand and contract in the movement direction D2, each movable claw portion 26 contacts the surface of the rock mass G.

  And as FIG. 8 shows, since the movable nail | claw part 26 is urged | biased by the urging | biasing direction D3, if the bucket 1 is moved ahead, the movable claw part 26 will be pressed on the surface of the bedrock G. However, it moves so as to follow the surface of the rock G corresponding to the uneven state of the surface of the rock G. During this movement, the earth and sand B on the surface of the bedrock G is scooped on the scooping surface 37 b of the claw body 37. The scooped earth and sand B passes over the protection plate 38 and is sequentially transferred to the bucket body 11.

  As described above, the bucket 1 has a plurality of movable claw portions 26 arranged in the installation direction D1 of the bucket body 11. Each movable claw portion 26 is movable in the movement direction D2 and is urged in the urging direction D3. Therefore, when the bucket 1 is advanced with the tip 26a of the movable claw 26 pressed against the surface of the rock G, the tip 26a of the movable claw 26 follows the irregularities on the surface of the rock G. The upper earth and sand B can be collected efficiently. Then, the collected earth and sand B are sequentially accommodated in the bucket body 11 and accumulated or appropriately loaded on a dump truck or the like.

  By the way, in dam construction work, the ratio of the labor and time of the rock cleaning work that occupies the labor and time required for the whole construction is relatively large. In work other than bedrock cleaning work in construction work, mechanization and automation have progressed, contributing to the reduction of labor and time of the entire work. However, since the conventional bedrock cleaning work requires a lot of manual work, it is difficult to reduce the labor and time required for the entire construction.

  On the other hand, according to the bucket 1, since the earth and sand B on the surface of the bedrock G can be efficiently collected, the earth and sand B collected can be scooped into the bucket body 11, thereby reducing the time required for the bedrock cleaning work. Can do.

  Furthermore, since the construction and loading of the earth and sand B on the surface of the bedrock G can be carried out by one construction machine 2, the number of heavy machinery used for the bedrock cleaning work is reduced and the labor required for the bedrock cleaning work is reduced. be able to.

  In addition, when excavating from the top of the dam, a cleaning operation using the bucket 1 can be performed in parallel with the excavation operation by the construction machine 2. According to this step, since the amount of work performed by the worker with the harness attached and hanging on the slope can be greatly reduced, the safety of the cleaning work can be improved.

  Further, since the movable claw portion 26 is fixed to the distal end portion of the movable shaft 34 protruding from the bottom plate 17, a gap corresponding to the length of the exposed movable shaft 34 is provided between the movable claw portion 26 and the bottom plate 17. Has occurred. The gap is covered with a protective plate 38 attached so as to cover the exposed movable shaft 34. Therefore, the earth and sand B scooped off at the movable claw portion 26 passes over the protective plate 38 without falling from the gap between the movable claw portion 26 and the bottom plate 17 and moves to the bucket body 11. The earth and sand B on the surface of G can be efficiently collected in the bucket body 11.

  Furthermore, since the exposed movable shaft 34 is covered with the protective plate 38, it is possible to suppress the scooped earth and sand B from adhering to the movable shaft 34. Therefore, since the smooth movement of the movable shaft 34 is maintained, labor required for maintenance of the movable claw device 13 can be reduced.

  Further, since the movable shaft 34 to which the guide plates 39 and 41 are attached is guided in the movement direction D2 in the guide accommodating portion 27, the movement direction D2 of the movable claw portion 26 is substantially parallel to the movement direction D2 of the bucket 1. Can be maintained. Therefore, when the bucket 1 is moved, the movable claw portion 26 can be smoothly moved in the movement direction D2.

  Further, since the rotation around the axis A1 (see FIG. 4) of the movable shaft 34 does not occur, the movable claw portion 26 attached to the movable shaft 34 does not rotate. Therefore, the contact state of the movable claw part 26 with respect to the surface of the bedrock G can be maintained in a state where the earth and sand B can be efficiently collected.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, the outer shape of the guide plates 39 and 41 is not limited to a rectangle, and may be a polygon such as a triangle or a hexagon. Moreover, the structure which urges | biases the movable claw part 26 is not limited to the structure using a compression coil spring, For example, the structure using a hydraulic cylinder may be sufficient. Specifically, the movable claw portion can be biased by adopting a structure in which an accumulator is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder. The movable claw portion 26 may be an integral member. Furthermore, the movable claw device 13 of the present embodiment may be configured as a separate unit independent of the bucket body 11.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bucket, 2 ... Construction machine, 11 ... Bucket main body, 17 ... Bottom plate, 18 ... Back plate, 19, 21 ... Side plate, 26 ... Movable claw part, 27 ... Guide accommodating part, 34 ... Movable shaft, 38 ... Protection plate , 39, 41 ... guide plate, 46 ... compression coil spring, D1 ... installation direction, D2 ... moving direction, D3 ... biasing direction.

Claims (4)

It has a bucket body in which a back plate and a pair of side plates are erected with respect to a bottom plate, and is a bucket used by being attached to a construction machine,
A plurality of movable claws are provided in parallel between the one side plate and the other side plate along the bottom plate,
The moving direction of the movable claw part is parallel to the bottom plate and orthogonal to the installation direction in which the movable claw part is arranged in parallel.
The bucket, wherein the movable claw portion is biased in a direction away from the back plate. The movable claw portion is fixed to the tip of a movable shaft protruding from the bottom plate in a direction away from the back plate,
The bucket according to claim 1, wherein a protection plate that covers the exposed movable shaft is attached to the bottom plate. The bottom plate is juxtaposed with guide accommodating portions for guiding each of the movable shafts,
A guide plate corresponding to a cross-sectional shape of the guide housing portion is attached to the movable shaft,
The bucket according to claim 2, wherein the guide plate is biased by a compression spring.   The bucket according to claim 3, wherein an outer shape of the guide plate is a rectangle or a polygon.

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