JP2014529577A - ネットワークにおける有機金属錯体の架橋及び安定化 - Google Patents
ネットワークにおける有機金属錯体の架橋及び安定化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014529577A JP2014529577A JP2014517846A JP2014517846A JP2014529577A JP 2014529577 A JP2014529577 A JP 2014529577A JP 2014517846 A JP2014517846 A JP 2014517846A JP 2014517846 A JP2014517846 A JP 2014517846A JP 2014529577 A JP2014529577 A JP 2014529577A
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- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002186 photoactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002577 pseudohalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006862 quantum yield reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005106 triarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
燐光性遷移金属錯体は、それらの特性のため、OLEDなどのオプトエレクトロニック部品における非常に効率的な発光体としてますます重要になっている。遷移金属原子(重金属原子)により誘導されるスピン軌道結合は、励起一重項状態から三重項状態へと系間交差速度を増大させるため、発光のために一重項の励起子のみならず三重項励起子を使用し、それによって理論上達成可能な100%内部量子効率を可能にする。
第1の態様では、本発明は、(好ましくは不溶性の)多次元ネットワークに架橋される有機遷移金属錯体の製造方法に関する。この方法は、有機金属錯体の形態の第1反応体と第2反応体(該第1反応体とは異なる)との反応を含む、第1反応を実施することからなる。この第2反応体は、多次元ネットワークの形成に役立つ。
例1
上記発明においては、金属錯体及び第2反応体の他に別の反応体を添加することを必要としない反応、すなわち、せいぜいさらなる使用を妨害しない触媒を必要とする反応が好ましい。このような反応の例は、1,3−二極性付加環化、ディ−ルス・アルダ−反応、二トロン−アルキン反応、酸化ニトリル−アルキン反応、チオール−エン反応、チオール−イン反応、チオール−イソシアネート反応、テトラゾール−アルケン反応及び化学文献においてクリック反応として知られている他の方法である。
フェニルアセチレン(103mg、1.0mmol、1.0当量)及びベンジルアジド(133mg、1.0mmol、1.0当量)を、隔壁を有する気密ロック可能小瓶において10mLの乾燥ジクロロメタンに溶解させた。以下に示すCu錯体(触媒量又は化学両論量)を添加し、小瓶を密封し、そして反応体を室温で2日間にわたり撹拌した。触媒錯体を除去するために、この反応混合物を50mLのメタノール中に置き、20分間撹拌した。この錯体をろ過により除去し、そして濾液を濃縮した。溶媒の除去及び高真空での生成物の乾燥により、淡黄色の固形物として化合物1−ベンジル−4−フェニル−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾ−ルが95%の収率で得られた(245mg、0.95mmol)。生成物が同一であることを、NMR分光法、赤外分光法及び高分解能質量分光法によって確認した。
第1反応体としてのCu錯体(1.341g、1.0mmol、1.0当量)を、隔壁を有する気密ロック可能小瓶中において10mLの乾燥ジクロロメタンに溶解させ、そして第2反応体としてのベンジルアジド(466mg、3.5mmol、3.5当量)を添加した。反応体を室温で12時間にわたり撹拌し、シリンジフィルターでろ過し、そしてジエチルエーテルに滴下で添加することにより沈殿させた。ジエチルエーテルによる沈殿固形物のすすぎ及び高真空での生成物の乾燥により、明るい緑色の固形物として化合物トリス(4−(2−(1−ベンジル−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール−4−イル)エチル)−2−(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ピリジン)二銅二ヨウ化物が61%の収率で得られた(1.052g、0.61mmol)。生成物が同一であることをNMR分光法、赤外分光法、質量分析及び元素分析により確認した。
Cu錯体(440mg、0.33mmol、1.0当量)を第1反応体として隔壁を有する気密ロック可能小瓶中において10mLの乾燥ジクロロメタンに溶解し、そして第2反応体としてポリ(ビニルベンジルアジド−alt−スチレン)で転化させた(370mg、1.0mmol、3.0当量)。反応体を室温で12時間にわたり撹拌し、そして生成物を反応溶液から不溶性の緑がかった固形物として沈殿させた。この沈殿物を吸引により引き出し、20mLのジクロロメタン、20mLのジエチルエーテル及び20mLのメタノールで洗浄し、そして高真空で乾燥させた。生成物のポリ(4−(2−(1−(4−ビニルベンジル−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾ−ル−4−イル)エチル)−2−(ジフェニルホスフィノ)ピリジン)−alt−スチロール・CuIは、66%の収率の明るい緑色の固形物であり(540mg、0.21mmol)、架橋金属錯体を示す。生成物が同一であることを赤外分光法、フォトルミネッセンス分光法及び元素分析により明確に確認した。
以下に示すCu錯体(10mg、8.13μM、1.0当量)をポリグリシジルアジド「GAP」の乾燥ジクロロメタンへの標準溶液(2440mg/L溶液の1mL、3当量のアジド/当量錯体)で処理し、その後すぐ薄膜をスピンコーティングにより生成させた。この薄膜は、トルエンでのすすぎ又は浸漬に対して安定であった。
本発明は、好ましい実施形態では、オプトエレクトロニック部品としての有機発光ダイオード用の発光体材料としての新規オプトエレクトロニックインクの製造に関する。一実施形態では、このインクは、ジフェニルホスフィンピリジン、ジフェニルホスフィンキノリン及び関連する複素環を配位子として使用するエレクトロルミネッセンス銅(I)錯体を主成分とする。これらの二座配位子は、ヨウ化銅(I)と3:2の配位子対金属ヨウ化物比で多核性錯体を形成する。
ナイフ塗布適用:
ナイフ塗布方法により、薄層をくさび型の塗布ナイフにより生成させることができる。この目的のために、物質を溶液の状態で基材上に塗布し、そして、一定のギャップ幅及び絞り速度で制御できるスライドにより均一に分布させる。こうして生成された薄膜を加熱及び窒素流により乾燥させ、それによって極めて滑らかな一定の層を生成させることができる。
表2:AFM試料の粗さ。ピンホールが第1の4つの試料において出現したため、全測定範囲については決定を実施しなかったが、ただし個々の結果を得るためにホールなし領域については決定を実施した。
金属錯体並びにさらなるアルキンの同時結合
PyrPHOS錯体によるCu(I)−触媒作用
チオール−エン反応
N−(4−アジドフェニル)カルバゾ−ルと反応した二核性N^P−CuI錯体:
上記発明の手段により、既に知られている発光体錯体を、それらを架橋する可能性を実現するために改変できる。この目的のために、2個以上の好適なアンカー基を錯体に導入する。このために、図2に示したアンカー基の全ての対が好適である。
既に知られている錯体は、架橋が可能な方法でアンカー基を含めることにより改変できる。ヘテロレプティック及びホモレプティック錯体を使用できる。
次の図では、ポリマーに結合するのに好適な3つの例を示している。
銅テトラキスアセトニトリルテトラフルオロボレート(1mmol、1当量)に、対応するネオクプロイン誘導体(1mmol、1当量)及びホスフィン(9.2Aについては1mmol、1当量及び9.2Bについては2mmol、2当量)を、撹拌棒及び隔壁を有する小型ガラス瓶内において窒素下で与え、そして10mLの乾燥ジクロロメタンに溶解させた。この反応混合物を一晩攪拌し、容量を真空で半分に減少させ、そして標的化合物をn−ヘキサンに滴下で加えることにより沈殿させた。化合物が同一であることを1H−NMR、31−P−NMR、元素分析及び質量分析で実証した。
また、本発明は、非銅金属錯体に関するものでもある。そのため、アンカー基は、結合する金属錯体の化学的特性に調節しなければならない。いくつかの選択した金属について、このような可能性を次の例で示す。
ルテニウム錯体は、アルキンとアジドとの付加環化も触媒するが、1,4−トリアゾ−ルを生じさせる銅触媒クリック反応とは対照的に、1,5−トリアゾールを生じさせる。
スペーサー分子を介したCu(I)錯体のポリマーへの架橋
Claims (12)
- 有機遷移金属錯体を多次元ネットワークに架橋するための方法であって、
−有機遷移金属錯体の形態の第1反応体及び
−多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体
を含む第1反応を実施することを含み、
ここで、該遷移金属錯体は、該反応の間に、共有結合の形成により、形成しつつある多次元ネットワークに架橋し、
−該遷移金属錯体は、該遷移金属錯体を多次元ネットワークに共有結合させるための第1アンカー基種の少なくとも2個のアンカー基を有し、
−該第2反応体は、第2アンカー基種の少なくとも1個のアンカー基を有し、
該遷移金属錯体の架橋は、該遷移金属錯体の少なくとも2個のアンカー基と第2反応体の1個の第2アンカー基とがそれぞれ反応することにより進行し、
−該架橋は(共)重合ではなく、しかも
−該第2反応体及び該第1反応体は同一ではない、前記方法。 - 架橋有機遷移金属錯体を有する前記形成された多次元ネットワークが不溶性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2反応体がモノマー、オリゴマー及びポリマーよりなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記第1及び第2アンカー基種が図2に示された対応対から選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第1又は第2アンカー基種のアンカー基を含む、電荷の輸送又はブロックのための第4反応体が前記反応に関与する、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第1反応体、前記第2反応体、随意に前記第3反応体及び随意に前記第4反応体の他にはいかなる追加の反応体も前記反応に関与しない、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記反応が該反応の触媒作用のための触媒の存在下で生じ、好ましくは、前記遷移金属錯体が該触媒を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 多層配置の生成のための第2反応を実施し、ここで、該第2反応は、
−有機遷移金属錯体の形態の第5反応体、及び
−多次元ネットワークの形成用の第6反応体
を含み、
該遷移金属錯体は、該第2反応の間に、共有結合の形成によって、形成しつつある多次元ネットワークに架橋する、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 架橋有機遷移金属錯体の層の生成方法であって、次の工程:
−有機遷移金属錯体の形態の第1反応体と
−多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体と
の反応混合物を固体支持体上に塗布すること
を含み、
ここで、該遷移金属錯体は、該第1反応体と該第2反応体との反応の間に、共有結合の形成による多次元ネットワークの形成中に架橋し、
−該遷移金属錯体は、該遷移金属錯体を該多次元ネットワークに共有結合させるための第1アンカー基種の少なくとも2個のアンカー基を有し、
−該第2反応体は、第2アンカー基種の少なくとも1個のアンカー基を有し、
該遷移金属錯体の架橋は、該遷移金属錯体の少なくとも2個のアンカー基と該第2反応体の1個の第2アンカー基とがそれぞれ反応することにより生じ、
−該架橋は(共)重合ではなく、しかも
−該第2反応体及び該第1反応体は同一ではない、前記方法。 - 少なくとも一つの金属中心と少なくとも1個の配位子とを有する有機遷移金属錯体の、該遷移金属錯体を多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体に架橋させるための使用であって、
ここで、該遷移金属錯体は、架橋のための第2アンカー基種のアンカー基との反応のための第1アンカー基種の2個のアンカー基を有し、
該遷移金属錯体のアンカー基は、架橋反応の間に、多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体のアンカー基に共有結合を形成する、前記使用。 - 少なくとも一つの金属中心と、架橋のための第2アンカー基種のアンカー基との反応のための第1アンカー基種の2個のアンカー基を有する少なくとも1個の配位子とを有する有機遷移金属錯体であって、
該金属錯体のアンカー基は、架橋反応の間に、多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体のアンカー基に共有結合を形成し、該架橋は(共)重合ではない、前記有機遷移金属錯体。 - 有機遷移金属錯体を多次元ネットワークに架橋させるための方法であって、
−有機遷移金属錯体の形態の第1反応体及び
−多次元ネットワークの形成用の第2反応体
を含む第1反応を実施することを含み、
該遷移金属錯体は、該反応の間に、共有結合の形成により、形成しつつある多次元ネットワークに架橋し、
−該金属錯体は、第1アンカー基種の少なくとも2個のアンカー基を有し、
−該第2反応体は、第1アンカー基種のアンカー基を有し、
該金属錯体の架橋を、遷移金属錯体のアンカー基と第2アンカー基種の2個のアンカー基を有する第3反応体との反応及び第2反応体のアンカー基と該第3反応体との反応により実施し、ここで、該第3反応体のこれらのアンカー基のそれぞれは、1個の第1アンカー基とそれぞれ共有結合を形成することができる、前記方法。
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KR20210044731A (ko) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-23 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | 단백질 응집체 검출용 형광 프로브 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 단백질 응집체 검출용 형광 센서 |
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