JP2014503829A - 腸および血液脳関門の透過性を検出する方法、およびその試験材料 - Google Patents
腸および血液脳関門の透過性を検出する方法、およびその試験材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図4
Description
本願は、2011年1月28日出願の米国仮出願第61/437,244号の利益を請求し、これは、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
消化管関連リンパ系組織および神経内分泌ネットワークと共に、細胞間のタイトジャンクションを伴う腸上皮のバリアは、非自己抗原に対する寛容と免疫の均衡を制御する。
血液脳関門(BBB)は、中枢神経系の内部環境と安定性を維持する。BBBへの構造的および機能的変化は、自己免疫疾患をもたらすことがあり、特に、多発性硬化症(28)のような神経系の自己免疫疾患である。
腸管透過性を評価するための現在の方法論は、ラクツロースとマンニトールを使用する。過去40年間にわたって、それは便利な臨床ツールだった。ラクツロース吸収は、腸バリアにおける涙液を示唆しており、したがって、腸管透過性である。俗説に対し、この小分子の吸収は、涙液というより微小リークを実際には示している。ラクツロースは、比較的低い分子サイズを有し、腸管膜を介したこの物質の転移は、食品または他のタンパク質の転移およびそれらに対する免疫応答のための状況を反映しない。さらに、ラクツロース/マンニトール検査は、経細胞経路ではなく傍細胞経路のみを介した小分子の転移を測定する。
A.材料および方法―プレートおよび試料調製:
E.coli 055:85由来のリポ多糖類;E.coli K−235、緑膿菌、シュードモナス、サルモネラ腸炎、ネズミチフス菌、クレブシエラ肺炎、モルガネラ、ハフニアーアルベイ、シトロバクター・コセリ、アクチン、アクトミオシン、ミエリン塩基性タンパク質とa−Bクリスタリンは、Sigma−Aldrich社(ST.Louis、MO)から購入された。グリア原線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP)は、Boehringer Mannheim社(Indianapolis、IN)から購入された。また、ゾヌリンペプチド1、2、3、腸ZOT受容体、ミエリン塩基性タンパク質87−106、ペプチド87−106、細胞間結合タンパク質、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ−3、本研究で命名されたS100−Bのカルシウム結合領域、BBB−1 MSELEKAMVA LIDVFHQYSG REGDKHKLKK、BBB−2 SELKELINNE LSHFLEEIKE QEVVDKVMET、BBB−3 LDNDGDGECD FQEFMAFVAM VTTACHEFFE HE、脳ZOT結合タンパク質−1、−2、カルプロテクチン(MRP−8)、および脳ZOTレセプターも使用された。
LPS、腸管および/またはBBBタンパク質に対するIgG、IgMおよび/またはIgA抗体のための分析手順について、これから説明する。いくつかの態様において、検査アッセイを開始する前に、全ての試薬を室温に戻した。この検査アッセイ手順には、所望の数および所望の種類の抗原ならびに/またはペプチドでコーティングした所望の数のウェルもしくはプレートの準備が含まれる。マイクロタイターウェルを準備した後、1:100で希釈された対照標準物質約100μlは、マルチチャネルピペッターを用いて行うことができ、図7に示すように、マイクロタイタープレートのA列およびB列に添加された。図7に示すように、1:100で希釈された患者の検査試料(ここでは血清)約100μlは、第1臨床検体のC列およびD列、第2臨床検体のE列およびF列、ならびに第3臨床検体のG列およびH列の2つ組のウェルに添加された。
405nmでプレートの読み取りを行い、光学密度値(OD405)を得た後、列AおよびBにおいて、陰性対照の平均OD、陽性対照の平均ODおよび各臨床検体の平均ODを標準物質の平均ODで除し、各指標値(IV)を得た。
指標=患者の平均OD/標準物質の平均OD
i.セリアック病、グルテン免疫反応性および感受性ならびにクローン病患者におけるIgG/IgM/IgA抗体のパターン
9名の健常対象者(表1から3)のIgG、IgMおよびIgA抗体パターンの例およびセリアック病および腸管透過性のある3名の患者(表4)、グルテン運動失調のある3名の患者(表5)および多発性硬化症の3名の患者(表6)とのそれらの比較をそれぞれ表1−6で示す。
指標の計算に基づき、9名の健常対照者(表1から3)、セリアック病および腸管透過性のある3名の患者(表4)、グルテン運動失調のある3名の患者(表5)および多発性硬化症の3名の患者(表6)のIgG、IgMおよびIgA抗体のパターンをそれぞれ表1−6で示す。健常対象全員において、抗体指標が1.5より高いかもしれないが、2.0よりも著しく大きくはないであろうLPSおよびMBPを除き、他の抗原に対する抗体指標は、1.5よりも小さいかまたはきわめて小さいことに留意されたい(表1−3)。
腸管透過性は胃腸自己免疫疾患で顕著である(4)。図9は、健常対照および消化管自己免疫がある患者における、細菌エンドトキシン(リポ多糖)およびタイトジャンクションの構造(オクルジン/ゾヌリン)に対する抗体の上昇を比較する図表を示す。
2つの異なる症例報告、第一にセリアック病患者および第二に多発性硬化症患者の症例を次のとおり与える。
身長5’4”、体重106lbsで、線維筋痛様の症候群および体重減少(過去6ヶ月中、月に1から2lbs)を伴い、便秘、下痢および全身にわたる疼痛を含むGI障害のある38歳女性を内科医が診察した。実験室研究から、CBCが異常であり、ヘモグロビン9.9g/dL、MCVが77fL、赤血球沈降速度54mm/1sthrであり、葉酸およびビタミンB12濃度は低いが、肝臓酵素レベルおよび高感度C−反応性タンパク質が高いことが明らかとなった。ANA、リウマチ因子、T3、T4およびTSHレベルを含む詳細な生化学および免疫学的プロファイルを調べたところ、全ての試験が正常範囲内であった。胃腸の不快感、軽度の発熱および頭痛について繰り返し訴えた後、GI検査のために患者を専門機関に紹介した。
身長5’8”、体重182lbsの38歳男性は、四肢脱力を伴う3週間の進行性の頸部、背部および筋肉痛という病歴後、神経科医を紹介された。紹介前日、本患者は、刺痛を伴う排尿困難ならびに階段を昇ることができないほどの胴部および肢の知覚障害を発症した。入院の僅か2年前、本患者には家族の問題があり、非常に落ち込んでいたが、それに対して何ら助けを求めなかった。本患者の全体的な既往歴は、他に、ビタミンB12および鉄サプリメントで治療を受けた原因不明の軽度の小球性貧血を除き、特になかった。
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Claims (27)
- ヒトの試料を試験する方法であって、
細菌毒素に対する前記試料の第一の分画の結合からの第一のシグナルを測定することと;
(a)腸関連抗原および(b)血液脳関門関連抗原の少なくとも1つから選択されるネイティブ抗原に対する前記試料の第二の分画の結合からの第二のシグナルを測定することと、を含む、方法。 - 前記細菌毒素がリポ多糖を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ネイティブ腸関連抗原が、(1)腸管構造タンパク質;(2)タイトジャンクションタンパク質;(3)タイトジャンクションタンパク質に対する結合受容体;および(4)細胞間結合タンパク質からなる一覧から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記血液脳関門関連抗原が、(1)血液脳関門タンパク質;(2)グリア線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP);(3)マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)、(4)脳ZOT結合タンパク質;(5)脳ZOT受容体;(6)カルプロテクチン;および(7)ミエリン塩基性タンパク質からなる一覧から選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記腸管構造抗原がアクチン/アクトミオシンを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記タイトジャンクション抗原がオクルジンおよびゾヌリンからなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記結合受容体が、腸管ZOT受容体を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記構造タンパク質がマトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ−3(MMP−3)を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記血液脳関門関連抗原が、(1)血液脳関門タンパク質;(2)グリア線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP);および(3)マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)からなる一覧から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法を用いた試験を実験室から指示することと、
試験結果を解析することと、
を含む、腸管壁浸漏症候群が関連する疾患を診断する方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法を用いた試験を実験室から指示することと、
試験結果を解析することと、
を含む、血液脳関門透過性が関連する疾患を診断する方法。 - (1)細菌毒素;ならびに(2)(a)腸関連抗原および(b)血液脳関門関連抗原の少なくとも1つを含むネイティブ抗原を結合ペプチドとして有する、試験プレート。
- 前記腸関連抗原が、(1)腸管構造タンパク質;(2)タイトジャンクションタンパク質;および(3)タイトジャンクションタンパク質に対する結合受容体;および(4)細胞間結合タンパク質からなる一覧から選択される、請求項12に記載の試験プレート。
- 前記血液脳関門関連抗原が、(1)血液脳関門タンパク質;(2)グリア線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP);(3)マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)、(4)脳ZOT結合タンパク質;(5)脳ZOT受容体;(6)カルプロテクチン;および(7)ミエリン塩基性タンパク質からなる一覧から選択される、請求項13に記載の試験プレート。
- 前記血液脳関門関連抗原が、(1)血液脳関門タンパク質;(2)グリア線維酸性タンパク質(GFAP);(3)マトリクスメタロプロテイナーゼ(MMP)、(4)脳ZOT結合タンパク質;(5)脳ZOT受容体;(6)カルプロテクチン;および(7)ミエリン塩基性タンパク質からなる一覧から選択される、請求項12に記載の試験プレート。
- 細菌毒素ならびに(a)腸関連抗原および(b)血液脳関門関連抗原の少なくとも1つから選択されるネイティブ抗原に対する患者由来試料の結合からシグナルを生成させる抗体試験パネルから試験結果を得ることと、
前記試験結果を解析することと、
を含む、解剖学的バリアの過剰な透過性が関連する疾患の診断を支援する方法。 - 前記試料が血液試料である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試料が唾液試料である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、腸内微生物叢腸内毒素症に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGの全てについての陰性結果およびアクトミシン(actomysin)に対するIgGについての陰性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、傍細胞経路を介する細菌性抗原による腸管バリアの破壊に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびオクルジンまたはゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびアクトミシン(actomysin)に対するIgGについての陰性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、傍細胞経路を介する細菌性抗原以外による腸管バリアの破壊に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGの全てについての陰性結果およびオクルジンまたはゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびアクトミシン(actomysin)に対するIgAについての陰性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、経細胞経路を介する細菌性抗原による腸管バリアの破壊に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGの全てについての陰性結果およびアクトミシン(actomysin)に対するIgAについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、細菌毒素により誘導される腸管バリアおよび血液脳関門の完全性の破壊に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果、血液脳関門タンパク質に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果および神経抗原に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 細菌毒素以外の要因による腸管バリアおよび血液脳関門の完全性の破壊に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのそれぞれについての陰性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果、血液脳関門タンパク質に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果および神経抗原に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、腸管バリアの完全性の破壊を伴わず、血液脳関門の完全性の破壊を伴う腸内微生物叢腸内毒素症に関する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのそれぞれについての陰性結果、血液脳関門タンパク質に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果および神経抗原に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、腸管バリアまたは腸内微生物叢腸内毒素症を伴わない、血液脳関門の完全性の破壊、神経炎症および神経自己免疫に関連する診断を、前記試験結果が、リポ多糖の細菌毒素に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのそれぞれについての陰性結果およびオクルジンおよびゾヌリンに対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのそれぞれについての陰性結果、血液脳関門タンパク質に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果および神経抗原に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記試験結果を解析する段階が、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、パーキンソン病、多発性硬化症、アルツハイマー病または末梢神経障害および大うつのうち1つの診断を、前記試験結果が、血液脳関門タンパク質に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果および神経抗原に対するIgA、IgMおよびIgGのいずれかについての陽性結果を含む場合であり得ると考察することを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
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US11131676B2 (en) | 2016-02-25 | 2021-09-28 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Systemic immune activation and biomarkers of nonceliac wheat/gluten sensitivity |
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