JP2014502500A - 統合された工程システム - Google Patents
統合された工程システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014502500A JP2014502500A JP2013545450A JP2013545450A JP2014502500A JP 2014502500 A JP2014502500 A JP 2014502500A JP 2013545450 A JP2013545450 A JP 2013545450A JP 2013545450 A JP2013545450 A JP 2013545450A JP 2014502500 A JP2014502500 A JP 2014502500A
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- Prior art keywords
- pulp
- hemicellulose
- enzyme
- paper industry
- production
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- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
- D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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Abstract
Description
−本明細書中に記載される発明は、パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程の費用効率を改善し得る。
−輸送用バイオ燃料の製造によるヘミセルロース流の価格設定は、経済的恩恵をもたらす。先行技術においてはクラフトパルプ工場のヘミセルロースは結果的に黒液となり、そして燃焼される。
−脱墨、剥皮、化学パルプ工程、機械パルプ工程または製紙工程からの例えば一次汚泥などの、パルプおよび/または製紙工業からのセルロースを含む残渣の転換。微生物による例えば脂質などの有益な製品の製造は、好気性および/または嫌気性排水処理の現在の工程に付加価値を付与する。
−パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程中に必要とされる酵素のその場での産生は、経費削減をもたらす。これはまた、使用に先立っての酵素の安定化の必要性も減少させる。
−統合された、脂質産生のためのバイオプロセス(同じ工程段階における酵素的分解および発酵)はコストを削減し、そして、専用のヘミセルロースの産生および/または脂質産生段階を特徴とする工程と比較して効率性を改善する。これは、外部で酵素を購入する必要性を除外または減少させることによりコストを低減させる。
−化学パルプ化工程は余剰のエネルギー、主に熱を大量に生産する。パルプ化工程からの過剰な熱の利用はエネルギー効率の改善をもたらす。例えば、糖をヘミセルロース加水分解物(シロップ)へと濃縮するための、加水分解物を精製するための、または脂質産生工程におけるオイル回収物中の溶媒の回収におけるパルプ化工程からの熱(リグニンの燃焼)など。
−他のポリマー炭化水素バイオマスを含むリグノセルロース系材料または複数の材料の処理のエネルギーコストは、市販の酵素の代わりにまたはそれに加えて発酵油脂工程それ自身からの酵素ならびに熱機械的および化学的処理を使用することにより低減する。
−発酵油脂産生発酵からの液体の残余物からの酵素タンパク質の除去は、発酵油脂産生から遊離される発酵液体の生物学的酸素消費量を減少させる。
−発酵油脂工程の炭素収支は、酵素タンパク質が、プロセス流における生物学的負荷の原因となる代わりに、減少されるかまたは発酵排水から除去され、触媒的目的のために再使用されるかまたは発酵油脂産生工程もしくはバイオ技術的工程において栄養素として使用される場合に改善される。
ヘミセルラーゼは、パルプおよび/または製紙工業において適用される主な酵素である。また、パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程における脂質産生工程からのヘミセルラーゼ以外の他の酵素の回収および利用もまた、本発明の範囲に含まれる。このような酵素としては例えば、セルラーゼ、ラッカーゼ、ペクチナーゼ、リパーゼ、アミセルラーゼ、エステラーゼおよびプロテアーゼなどが挙げられるがこれらに限定されるわけではない。
微生物的な脂質産生は、任意の公知の方法または将来において開発される方法で行われ得る。典型的には、微生物的脂質産生工程は、好気性バイオリアクター中の微生物の液内培養での培養を含む。微生物は、例えばヘミセルロース糖などの炭素源およびエネルギー源ならびに主要または微量栄養素を含む液体培養培地中で増殖される。培養は、例えば回分培養、流加回分培養、連続培養などで行われ得る。培養はまた、カスケード法で行われてもよい。培養において、微生物は増殖され、そして、細胞内に脂質が蓄積される。一部の微生物は脂質を培養培地へと分泌することができる。
パルプ化工程における酵素の回収および/または再利用に続いての、パルプ化工程からの原材料または残渣由来のヘミセルロースおよび/またはセルロースからの、脂質以外の他の化合物の微生物的産生物は、本発明の一部である。このような生成物としては、アルコール、エタノール、ブタノール、アセトン−ブタノール−エタノール(ABE)、イソブタノール、2,3−プロパンジオール、乳酸およびコハク酸の微生物的産生物が挙げられる。
−水および酵素安定化を含む下流の工程(down stream processing)のコストを低減した。
−輸送およびパッケージングのためのコストを減少させた。
−酵素のパルプ化工程への直接的な移送を介して損失を減少させた。
−資本コストの減少 対 専用の(遠隔の)設備。
−酵素産生およびパルプ/製紙工程のための、同じ原材料または同じ供給源からの原材料の利用が原材料への酵素の直接的な導入および適用をもたらす。
−直接的な工程制御および出力同調およびバイオリファイナリー(biorefinery)内での、酵素産生およびパルプ/製紙工程における直接的な改善の機会。
酵素は、微生物培養物、使用済み培養培地、上澄みから、任意の公知かつ適切な方法で、または将来において開発される任意の適切な方法で回収され得る。それによって所望の酵素活性を有する酵素を留分へと分離し得るような方法についても同様のことが適用される。
1.−発酵油脂産生工程である第一の工程およびパルプおよび/または製紙工業工程である第二の工程であって、パルプおよび/または製紙工業からの有機材料は発酵油脂産生工程へと導入され、そして、脂質産生工程において、パルプおよび/または製紙工業からの有機材料を含む培地上で培養された場合に脂質または複数の脂質および酵素を産生することのできる微生物が使用される工程、
−発酵油脂産生工程において、および/または、それと関係する工程において、前記微生物によって脂質または複数の脂質および酵素を産生する工程、
−上澄みおよび/または微生物細胞を微生物培養物から分離する工程、
−脂質を微生物細胞から回収する工程であって、上澄みまたは上澄みのタンパク質が富化された画分、または触媒的に活性な酵素を含む上澄みの希釈液が、脂質産生工程から、またはそれに関係する工程から回収され、そして任意には、それまたはそれらをパルプおよび/または製紙工業工程へと導入する工程
を含む統合された方法。
−脂質産生および酵素産生に適切な条件下、パルプおよび/または製紙工業からの有機材料を含む培地上で脂質および酵素の両方を産生することのできる微生物を培養し、そして前記微生物によって脂質および酵素を産生する工程、
−上澄みおよび微生物細胞を微生物培養物から分離する工程、
−微生物細胞から発酵油脂を回収する工程、および
−上澄みまたは上澄みのタンパク質が富化された画分、または触媒的に活性な酵素を含む上澄みの希釈液を回収する工程
を含む方法。
糖の規定:
溶液の糖濃度を規定するために、溶液は、適切な希釈液とされ、HPLC分析に先立ち、0.2μmを通してろ過された。
サンプルの脂肪酸成分がSuutariら(1990)によって記載される方法で測定された。サンプル中の脂質は、初めに遊離脂肪酸へと加水分解され、そのナトリウム塩へとケン化され、そしてその後、メチルエステルへとメチル化された。脂肪酸メチルエステルはガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて分析された。
培養物ブロースのタンパク質濃度が、Whatman3ろ紙を通してブロースをろ過した後に分析された。タンパク質濃度は、Bio−Rad Protein Assay’ブラッドフォード法に基づく)によって分析された。
培養物ブロースは、加水分解試験前にWhatman3ろ紙を通してろ過された。
脂質産生微生物は、通常、例えばATCC、DSMなどの複数の公認の微生物培養物(株)保存機関によって一般に公開されている。本発明の様々な実施態様が、以下の実施例において、以下の微生物株を使用することにより議論される。アスペルギルス オリザエ(Aspergillus oryzae) DSM 1861、アスペルギルス オリザエ(Aspergillus oryzae) DSM 1864、アスペルギルス テレウス(Aspergillus terreus) DSM 1958。
本実施例は、脂質産生のための炭素源としてのヘミセルロースベース材料を用いたアスペルギルス オリザエの培養のあいだに培養物ブロース中に形成される酵素活性を示している。
本実施例は、脂質産生のための炭素源としてのリグノセルロースベース材料を用いたアスペルギルス オリザエの培養のあいだに培養物ブロース中に形成される選択的なキシラナーゼ活性を示している。
本実施例は、脂質産生のための炭素源としてのヘミセルロースベース材料を用いたアスペルギルス テレウスの培養のあいだに培養物ブロース中に形成される酵素活性を示している。
Bajpai P. 1999. Application of Enzymes in the Pulp and Paper Industry. Biotechnol. Prog. 15: 147-157.
Bajpai P . 2004. Biological Bleaching of Chemical Pulps. Critical Reviews in Bio-technology. 24:1-58.
Beg QK, Kapoor M, Mahajan L, Hoondal GS. 2001. Microbial xylanases and their industrial applications: a review. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (2001) 56:326-338.
Dhiman SS, Sharma J, Battan B. 2008. Industrial applivcation aand future pros-pects of microbial xylanases: a review. Bioresources 3:1377-1402.
Fall R, Phelps P, Spindler D. 1984. Bioconversion of Xylan to Triglycerides by Oil-Rich Yeasts. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 47:1130-1134.
Lin H, Cheng W,, Ding HT, Chen XJ, Zhou QF, Zhao YH. 2010. Direct microbial conversion of wheat straw into lipid by a cellulolytic fungus of Aspergillus oryzae A-4 in solid-state fermentation. Bioresource Technology 101:7556-7562.
Lynd LR, van Zyl WH, McBride JE, Laser M. 2005. Consolidated bioprocessing of cellulosic biomass: an update. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 16:577-583.
Huang H-J. Ramaswamy S,Tschirner UW,Ramarao BV. 2008. A review of separa-tion technologies in current and future biorefineries. Separation and Purification Technology 62:1-21.
Marinova M, Mateos-Espejel E Jemaa N, Paris J. 2009. Addressing the increased energy demand of a Kraft mill biorefinery: The hemicellulose extraction case. Chemical engineering research and design 87:1269-1275.
C.V.T. Mendes, M.G.V.S. Carvalho C.M.S.G. Baptista, J.M.S. Rocha, B.I.G. Soa-res, G.D.A. Sousa. 2009. Valorisation of hardwood hemicelluloses in the kraft pulping process by using an integrated biorefinery concept. Food and Bioproducts Processing 87:197-207.
Suutari M, Liukkonen K, Laakso S. 1990. Temperature adaptation in yeasts: the role of fatty acids. Journal of General Microbiology 136: 1469-1474.
Claims (13)
- 発酵油脂産生およびパルプおよび/または製紙工業工程のための統合された方法であって、脂質産生のための原材料として前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業からの有機材料を使用する発酵油脂産生工程を含み、そして、前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が発酵油脂産生工程からの酵素を使用する方法。
- 前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が、化学パルプ化工程であり、そして、前記発酵油脂産生工程が発酵油脂産生のための原材料としてヘミセルロース、一次汚泥および/またはそれらの画分を使用し、そして、前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が前記発酵油脂産生工程から得られるヘミセルラーゼを使用する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が、リサイクル繊維工程であり、そして、前記発酵油脂産生工程が発酵油脂産生のための原材料として機械パルプ化からの残渣、一次汚泥および/またはそれらの画分を使用し、そして、前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が前記発酵油脂産生工程から得られる酵素を使用する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が、機械パルプ化工程であり、そして、前記発酵油脂産生工程が発酵油脂産生のための原材料として脱墨汚泥および/またはその画分を使用し、そして、前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が前記発酵油脂産生工程から得られる酵素を使用する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記酵素が、ヘミセルラーゼ、キシラナーゼ、マンナナーゼ、ガラクトシダーゼ、ペロキシダーゼ、ラッカーゼ、ペクチナーゼ、セルラーゼ、グルコシダーゼ、アラビナーゼ、リパーゼ、アミラーゼ、エステラーゼまたはプロテアーゼまたはそれらの任意の混合物を含む請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記発酵油脂産生工程へ供給される有機材料が、少なくとも50%のリグノセルロースまたはリグノセルロースの画分、好ましくは少なくとも10%のポリマー糖を含む請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記有機材料が、少なくとも20%、好ましくは少なくとも30%のヘミセルロースまたはその画分、または、少なくとも20%のセルロース、好ましくは少なくとも30%のセルロースまたはその画分を含む請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記酵素が外酵素、好ましくはヘミセルロース加水分解またはセルロース加水分解と関連する酵素を含む請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記パルプおよび/または製紙工業工程が、溶解パルプ工程、クラフトパルプ工程、パルプ(前)漂白、または機械パルプ工程、繊維調成、剥皮、リサイクル繊維工程、脱墨、繊維調成、製紙、またはスライムおよび/またはピッチの除去を含む請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記微生物が、糸状真菌、酵母またはバクテリアであり、好ましくは、アスペルギルス、フミコーラ、クモノスカビおよびトリコデルマの群より選択される属に属しているか、または、クリプトコッカス属に属する酵母、またはストレプトマイセスに属するバクテリアである請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 発酵油脂産生および酵素産生に適切な条件下、パルプおよび/または製紙工業からの有機材料を含む培地上で発酵油脂および酵素を産生することのできる微生物を培養し、そして前記微生物によって発酵油脂および酵素を産生する工程、
上澄みおよび微生物細胞を微生物培養物から分離する工程、
微生物細胞から発酵油脂を回収する工程、および
上澄みから酵素を回収する工程
を含む請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造される発酵油脂の、バイオ燃料としての、またはバイオ燃料の成分としての、またはバイオ燃料製造のための出発物質としての使用。
- 前記バイオ燃料が、バイオディーゼルまたは再生可能なディーゼル、ガソリンおよび/またはジェット燃料である請求項12記載の使用。
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KR20210028713A (ko) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-03-12 | 아시아 심볼 (산둥) 펄프 앤드 페이퍼 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 용해용 펄프 제조 방법 및 용해용 펄프 |
JP2022121551A (ja) * | 2018-05-28 | 2022-08-19 | ピアソン キャピタル エンバイロメンタル (ベイジン) リミテッド | 植物材料の有機酸前処理から生成物を回収するための効率的な方法および組成物 |
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WO2018190171A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-18 | ハリマ化成株式会社 | 摩擦材 |
JPWO2018190171A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-03-05 | ハリマ化成株式会社 | 摩擦材 |
JP2018204158A (ja) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-27 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | リグノセルロース系原料からの溶解パルプの製造方法 |
JP2022121551A (ja) * | 2018-05-28 | 2022-08-19 | ピアソン キャピタル エンバイロメンタル (ベイジン) リミテッド | 植物材料の有機酸前処理から生成物を回収するための効率的な方法および組成物 |
JP7401602B2 (ja) | 2018-05-28 | 2023-12-19 | ピアソン キャピタル エンバイロメンタル (ベイジン) リミテッド | 植物材料の有機酸前処理から生成物を回収するための効率的な方法および組成物 |
KR20210028713A (ko) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-03-12 | 아시아 심볼 (산둥) 펄프 앤드 페이퍼 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 용해용 펄프 제조 방법 및 용해용 펄프 |
KR102559550B1 (ko) | 2018-07-10 | 2023-07-24 | 아시아 심볼 (산둥) 펄프 앤드 페이퍼 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 용해용 펄프 제조 방법 및 용해용 펄프 |
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ES2525793T3 (es) | 2014-12-30 |
AU2011347063A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
EP2468857A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
CA2822330A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
PL2468857T3 (pl) | 2015-03-31 |
MY164576A (en) | 2018-01-15 |
CA2822330C (en) | 2019-06-04 |
JP5936206B2 (ja) | 2016-06-22 |
WO2012085346A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
CN103348013B (zh) | 2016-07-13 |
UY33837A (es) | 2012-06-29 |
AU2011347063B2 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
EP2468857B1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
BR112013016196B1 (pt) | 2020-03-03 |
BR112013016196A2 (pt) | 2016-10-04 |
US8936655B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 |
PT2468857E (pt) | 2014-12-22 |
US20120159840A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
CN103348013A (zh) | 2013-10-09 |
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