JP2014501803A - フッ化ビニル重合およびフッ化ビニルポリマーの水分散液 - Google Patents
フッ化ビニル重合およびフッ化ビニルポリマーの水分散液 Download PDFInfo
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- vinyl fluoride
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- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 49
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- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-pentadecafluorooctanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YOALFLHFSFEMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ABADUMLIAZCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxole Chemical class C1OC=CO1 ABADUMLIAZCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole Chemical compound FC1=C(F)OC(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)O1 YSYRISKCBOPJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanic acid Chemical group OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-oxopyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CCN1C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(C)=CC1=O QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFJVDJWCXSPUBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(difluoromethylidene)-4,4,5-trifluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound FC(F)=C1OC(F)(F)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)O1 RFJVDJWCXSPUBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(=C)C(F)(F)F QMIWYOZFFSLIAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVEUEBXMTMZVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohex-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=C GVEUEBXMTMZVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKAJZOZTZXQGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.0]hex-3-ene Chemical compound C1N2C(C1(C)C)=NC2 FKAJZOZTZXQGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F14/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F14/18—Monomers containing fluorine
- C08F14/20—Vinyl fluoride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/22—Emulsion polymerisation
- C08F2/24—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents
- C08F2/30—Emulsion polymerisation with the aid of emulsifying agents non-ionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願で使用される「フッ化ビニルポリマー」とは、フッ化ビニルホモポリマーならびにモノマーとしてフッ化ビニルを含有するコポリマーを意味する。フッ化ビニルコポリマーにおいて、コモノマーは、フッ化ビニルと重合する多種多様なフッ素化モノマーおよび非フッ素化モノマーのいずれかを含み得る。好ましいフッ素化モノマーとしては、フルオロオレフィン、フッ素化ビニルエーテル、およびフッ素化ジオキソールが挙げられる。フルオロオレフィンの例は、テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン(HFP)、クロロトリフルオロエチレン(CTFE)、フッ化ビニリデン、トリフルオロエチレン、ヘキサフルオロイソブチレン、およびパーフルオロブチルエチレンである。フッ素化ビニルエーテルの例は、パーフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)、パーフルオロ(エチルビニルエーテル)、およびパーフルオロ(メチルビニルエーテル)である。フッ素化ジオキソールの例は、パーフルオロ−2,2−ジメチル−1,3−ジオキソール(PDD)およびパーフルオロ−2−メチレン−4−メチル−1,3−ジオキソラン(PMD)である。官能性をフッ化ビニルポリマーに導入するモノマー、例えばフッ化スルホニル(スルホン酸に対して加水分解性)、カルボン酸エステル(カルボン酸に対して加水分解性であり、かつアルコールに対して還元可能である)、ニトリル、シアン酸、カルバミン酸、およびホスホン酸などの官能基を有するフッ素化ビニルエーテルも用いてもよい。
本発明の重合プロセスで使用される界面活性剤は、25℃で約0.05重量%未満の臨界ミセル濃度(CMC)を有するハロゲン不含界面活性剤である。
Pluronic(登録商標)31R1(m〜26,n〜8)
本発明で使用される開始剤は、好ましくは水溶性ラジカル開始剤である。好ましい開始剤は、そのポリマー中に陽イオン末端基を生成する。開始剤の好ましい1つの種類は、水溶性有機アゾ開始剤、例えば2,2’−アゾビス(2−アミジノプロパン)ジヒドロクロリドおよび2,2’−アゾビス(N,N’−ジメチレンイソブチロアミジン)ジヒドロクロリドである。2,2’−アゾビス(2−アミジノプロパン)ジヒドロクロリドは、Wako Chemical Co.(Richmond,VA)からV−50として入手可能である。2,2’−アゾビス(N,N’−ジメチレンイソブチロアミジン)ジヒドロクロリドは、Wako Chemical CoからVA−044として入手可能である。
例えば、米国特許第2,419,008号明細書、米国特許第2,419,010号明細書、米国特許第2,510,783号明細書、米国特許第2,599,300号明細書、米国特許第5,229,480号明細書、米国特許第6,242,547号明細書および米国特許第6,403,740号明細書に開示される方法で用いられるような、水溶性開始剤を用いたフッ化ビニルポリマーの水性乳化重合に関して当技術分野で公知の装置および基本手順を用いて、このプロセスを行うことができる。フッ化ビニルポリマーの重合に通常用いられる重合温度を本発明の実施において用いることができる。適切な温度範囲は約60〜約100℃である。フッ化ビニルポリマーの重合で使用されることが知られている重合圧力を使用することができ、使用される装置およびプロセスの種類に応じて異なる。約2kPa(300psi)〜約70kPa(10,000psi)の圧力を用いることができる。得られるフッ化ビニル分散液の固形分は、約5〜約40重量%であり得る。
溶融温度(Tm)は、Q20 DSC(TA Instruments,New Castle,DE)を使用して示差走査熱量測定(DSC)によって決定される。報告される溶融温度は、DSC曲線における吸熱の最低値である。
CMCと上記の試験法によって測定されたCMCでの表面張力値と共に、実施例で使用されたハロゲン不含界面活性剤を以下の表1に示す。
これらの実施例から、フッ化ビニルモノマーの重合にバッチプロセスでハロゲン不含界面活性剤を使用して、ポリマー中に陽イオン末端基を生成する開始剤の存在下にて、ポリフッ化ビニルが生成されることが実証されている。
これらの実施例から、ポリマー中に陽イオン末端基を生成する開始剤とハロゲン不含界面活性剤の存在下にて、連続プロセスでPVFを製造するためのフッ化ビニルモノマーの重合が実証されている。
これらの実施例から、ポリマー中で陽イオン末端基を生成する開始剤とハロゲン不含界面活性剤の存在下にて、連続プロセスで異なる反応器固形分重量%にてPVFを製造するための、フッ化ビニルモノマーの重合が実証されている。
Claims (21)
- 開始剤と、25℃で約0.05重量%未満の臨界ミセル濃度を有するハロゲン不含界面活性剤と、を含有する水性重合媒体中のフッ化ビニルを重合することを含む、フッ化ビニルポリマーを製造する方法であって、前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、前記水性重合媒体の重量に対して約0.1重量%未満の量で前記水性重合媒体中に存在し、前記水性重合媒体が、ハロゲン含有界面活性剤を本質的に含まない、方法。
- 前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤の前記臨界ミセル濃度を超える量で前記水性重合媒体中に存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、0.07重量%未満の量で前記水性重合媒体中に存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、0.03重量%未満の量で前記水性重合媒体中に存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、25℃で約0.01重量%未満の臨界ミセル濃度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤が、前記ハロゲン不含界面活性剤の前記臨界ミセル濃度を超える量で前記水性重合媒体中に存在する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記開始剤が、前記ポリマー中に陽イオン末端基を生成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記開始剤が水溶性有機アゾ開始剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が非イオン性である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が炭化水素界面活性剤である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が、アルキレンオキシド単位のポリマーブロックを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が、エチレンオキシドのポリマーブロックとプロピレンオキシドのポリマーブロックを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記界面活性剤が、芳香族基を含まない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 生成される前記フッ化ビニルポリマーが、少なくとも90重量%のフッ化ビニル単位を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 生成される前記フッ化ビニルポリマーが、ポリフッ化ビニルホモポリマーである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記方法がバッチプロセスであり、かつフッ化ビニルポリマー粒子の水分散液を生成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- フッ化ビニルの前記重合によって、生成されるフッ化ビニルポリマーの全重量に対して約3重量%未満の凝塊が生成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が連続プロセスであり、かつ生成される前記フッ化ビニルポリマーが、フッ化ビニルポリマー一次粒子の凝集体を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 生成されるフッ化ビニルポリマーの総体積に対して1.0体積%未満の前記フッ化ビニルポリマー凝集体が、約30ミクロンを超える粒径を有する、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 水相の重量に対して約5〜約40重量%の範囲で存在するフッ化ビニルポリマー粒子であって、約20ミクロン未満のDv(50)を有する、フッ化ビニルポリマー粒子と;
水相の重量に対して0.1重量%未満の量で水分散液中に存在する、ハロゲン不含界面活性剤と;
を含む、水分散液。 - 前記フッ化ビニルポリマー粒子が、水相の重量に対して約7〜約12重量%の範囲で存在する、請求項20に記載の水分散液。
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US20150034148A1 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Liquid fluoropolymer coating composition, fluoropolymer coated film, and process for forming the same |
US20150133589A1 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-14 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Pigment dispersions |
US20150299498A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-22 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Transparent fluoropolymer coated films, building structures and liquid fluoropolymer coating compositions |
US9637657B2 (en) | 2014-04-17 | 2017-05-02 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Liquid fluoropolymer coating composition and fluoropolymer coated film |
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EP2638084B1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
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