JP2014224387A - Wedge type chisel, crushing method, and crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase efficiency of a crushing operation performed by a wedge type chisel, by restraining the wedge type chisel from being engaged in a drilled hole.SOLUTION: A wedge type chisel includes a first rock breaking part 12 that assumes a tapered shape toward a tip. The wedge type chisel breaks a rock around a drilled hole by having the tip pushed into the drilled hole formed in a first direction (+X) with respect to an object 2 to be crushed and thus making a side surface of the first rock breaking part 12 push an inner wall of the drilled hole in a second direction Y orthogonal to the first direction (+X). A crack introduction part 15 is provided on a tip side with respect to the first rock breaking part 12. The crack introduction part 15 has a crack introduction surface 16 that is inclined so that a tip-side outside diameter can be smaller than an inside diameter of the drilled hole, so that an outside diameter can become larger toward a back end side and so that a back end-side outside diameter can be larger than the inside diameter of the drilled hole. An angle θ16 of inclination of the crack introduction surface 16 with respect to the first direction (+X) is larger than an angle θ13 of inclination of a side surface of the first rock breaking part 12 with respect to the first direction (+X).

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for crushing the periphery of a hole by pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape into a hole formed in an object to be crushed such as rock, rock, concrete structure, etc. The present invention relates to a wedge-type chisel suitable for crushing, and a crushing method and apparatus using the wedge-type chisel.

  Conventionally, for crushing objects to be crushed, such as bedrock, rock, concrete structures, etc., a crushing device such as a hydraulic breaker is attached to the arm of a construction vehicle such as a backhoe, and the tip of the chisel formed at an acute angle is covered. The chisel is advanced in the direction of the object to be crushed by contacting the surface of the crushed object and striking the rear end of the chisel with a reciprocating piston. At this time, a compression stress wave that travels in the direction of the object to be crushed is generated by striking the piston, which reaches the object to be crushed and crushes the object to be crushed. This crushing technique has the following problems because crushing of a rock mass or the like is performed using a compressive stress wave as described above. First of all, a loud percussion sound is generated when the object to be crushed is crushed, and the percussion sound may cause an environmental problem of noise particularly at a site close to a residential area.

  In addition, the rock mass has extremely high proof stress against compressive stress, and the conventional technology using the stress wave of compression cannot easily crush the rock mass or rock with high hardness. The amount that can be crushed and removed is only about 41 cubic meters per day. As described above, there is an inefficient aspect in terms of energy and workability, and there is room for improvement.

  Therefore, the applicant of the present application has proposed a crushing technique using a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape as a technique for efficiently crushing an object to be crushed over a wide range (Patent Documents 1 to 3). In the inventions described in these Patent Documents 1 to 3, a hole is formed in the object to be crushed, and the periphery of the hole is crushed by pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel configured as follows into the hole. To do. The wedge-type chisel has a first outer diameter whose tip end surface is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the outer diameter increases as it advances from the tip end surface to the rear end, and a second outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole. And has an inclined surface. And if the front-end | tip of a wedge type chisel is inserted in the inside of a drilling hole, an inclined surface will contact | abut to the inner wall of a drilling hole. When the rear end of the chisel is struck by the piston that reciprocates in the contact state, tensile stress acts on the object to be crushed around the hole in a direction substantially perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the piston from the hole. The periphery of the drilling hole is crushed. According to the technique proposed by the applicant of the present application, it is possible to perform construction in consideration of the environment around the site by greatly reducing the impact sound. Moreover, the amount that can be crushed per unit time reaches, for example, about 181 cubic meters per day, and it is possible to crush large-capacity objects in a short time.

Japanese Patent No. 4636294 Japanese Patent No. 5145503 Japanese Patent No. 5145504

  By the way, when the tapered wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the drilling hole as described above, the inclined surface may bite into the inner wall of the drilling hole. Further, the slanted surface may bite into the inner wall of the drilling hole while hitting the rear end of the chisel with the piston and pushing the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the drilling hole. When such a biting phenomenon occurs, it is difficult to easily remove the wedge-type chisel from the hole, and there is a problem that the wedge-type chisel breaks during the extraction operation. Therefore, when the biting phenomenon occurs, the crushing operation by the wedge type chisel is interrupted, and the crushing operation is carried out after collecting the wedge type chisel by digging up the periphery of the drilled hole by the conventionally known hydraulic breaker or the like. There was a need to continue. When the wedge-shaped chisel bites in this way, the work efficiency is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress the wedge-type chisel from biting into the hole and increase the efficiency of the crushing work by the wedge-type chisel.

  The present invention has a first split rock portion tapered toward the tip, and the tip is pushed into a drilling hole formed in a first direction with respect to an object to be crushed, such as a rock, a rock, or a concrete structure. A wedge-type chisel that splits the periphery of the drilling hole by pressing the inner wall of the drilling hole in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction by the side face of the first swarf rock portion, and crushing the periphery of the drilling hole using the wedge-shaped chisel The present invention relates to a crushing method and a crushing apparatus.

  The wedge-type chisel according to the present invention is provided with a crack introducing portion on the front end side from the first crushed rock portion, and the crack introducing portion is smaller in outer diameter on the front end side than the inner diameter of the drilling hole and proceeds toward the rear end side. The crack introduction surface is inclined so that the outer diameter becomes larger and the outer diameter on the rear end side becomes larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the inclination angle of the crack introduction surface with respect to the first direction is the first split rock portion with respect to the first direction. It is characterized by being larger than the inclination angle of the side surface.

  The first aspect of the crushing method according to the present invention includes a step of preparing the wedge-shaped chisel, a tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the drilling hole, and a crack introduction surface is brought into contact with a peripheral portion of the opening of the drilling hole A crack introducing step of pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction after introducing the crack, and introducing a crack around the hole, and, following the crack introducing step, the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction by the crack introducing portion. It is characterized by comprising a split rock process that repeats the process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock portion on the opening side of the drilling hole while introducing additional cracks around the drilling hole.

  Moreover, the 2nd aspect of the crushing method concerning this invention is provided with a 2nd rock formation part in the 1st rock formation part of the said wedge-shaped chisel, and a 2nd rock formation part protrudes from the side surface of a 1st rock formation part at least. Having one or more projecting members, the projecting member comes into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole following the side surface of the first swarf rock by being pushed into the drilling hole, and is pressed in a third direction different from the second direction for cutting. A wedge-shaped chisel that divides the perimeter of the hole is used. The feature is that the wedge-type chisel is prepared, and the wedge-type chisel is first inserted after the tip of the wedge-type chisel is inserted into the hole and the crack introduction surface is brought into contact with the peripheral portion of the opening of the hole. Introducing a crack around the hole by pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction following the crack introduction process However, it is provided with a split rock process that repeats the process of splitting the periphery of the drill hole by the first split rock part and the second split rock part on the opening side of the drill hole from the additionally introduced crack.

  Further, the third aspect of the crushing method according to the present invention uses a wedge-type chisel that has a support portion extending in the first direction on the tip side from the crack introduction portion, and the support portion can be inserted into the drilling hole. It crushes objects to be crushed, such as bedrock, rocks, concrete structures, etc., in which a plurality of drill holes extending in one direction are formed. The feature is that a plurality of wedge-shaped chiseles are prepared and a support portion is inserted into each of at least two of the plurality of drilling holes so that the crack introduction surface is in contact with the peripheral portion of the opening of the drilling hole. The chisel installation process in which the wedge-shaped chisel is installed in the contact state, and the wedge-shaped chisel is cracked in each drilling hole in which the wedge-shaped chisel is installed by sequentially pushing the wedge-shaped chisel installed in the drilling hole in the first direction. A cracking step that repeats the process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock part on the opening side of the drilling hole than the additionally introduced crack while introducing the crack around the drilling hole by the introduction part. .

  A first aspect of the crushing device according to the present invention includes the wedge-type chisel and a piston that strikes the rear end of the wedge-type chisel, and the tip of the wedge-type chisel is inserted into the drilling hole so that a crack introduction surface is provided. The wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction by striking the piston while in contact with the peripheral portion of the opening of the drilling hole to introduce cracks around the drilling hole, and the wedge-shaped chisel is further pushed in the first direction by the piston. Then, the process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock part is repeated on the opening side of the drilling hole from the additionally introduced crack while introducing the crack around the drilling hole by the crack introducing part. It is characterized by crushing.

  Furthermore, in the second aspect of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention, a second burial rock portion is provided in the first burial rock portion of the wedge-shaped chisel, and the second burial rock portion protrudes from a side surface of the first burial rock portion. Having one or more projecting members, the projecting member comes into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole following the side surface of the first swarf rock by being pushed into the drilling hole, and is pressed in a third direction different from the second direction for cutting. A wedge-shaped chisel that divides the perimeter of the hole is used. Its features include the wedge-shaped chisel and a piston that strikes the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel. The tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the drilling hole, and the crack introduction surface abuts the periphery of the opening of the drilling hole. In this state, the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction by striking the piston to introduce cracks around the hole, and the wedge-type chisel is further pushed in the first direction by the piston, and the crack introduction part surrounds the hole. While the cracks are additionally introduced, the process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole with the first and second split rocks is repeated on the opening side of the drilling hole than the newly introduced crack to crush the periphery of the drilling hole. It is a feature.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the wedge-type chisel is provided with the crack introducing portion on the tip end side of the chisel with respect to the first split rock portion. Therefore, when the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed into the drilling hole, the crack introducing surface of the crack introducing portion comes into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole and generates a crack around the drilling hole. Here, in the wedge-shaped chisel, the inclination angle of the crack introduction surface with respect to the first direction is larger than the inclination angle of the side surface of the first calcite portion with respect to the first direction. It has dropped significantly. Therefore, cracks are sequentially introduced around the hole in parallel with the pushing of the wedge-shaped chisel into the hole while suppressing the biting of the crack introduction part into the hole. Further, after the crack introduction part, the first rock formation part is pushed in and the side wall of the first rock formation part presses the inner wall of the drilling hole in which the crack is introduced as described above to perform the rock formation treatment. For this reason, the possibility that the side surface of the first rock formation bites into the drilling hole is greatly reduced. As a result, the crushing operation by the wedge-type chisel can be efficiently performed while effectively suppressing the wedge-type chisel from biting into the hole.

It is a figure which shows the basic composition of a wedge-shaped chisel. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method which crushes a rock mass using the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method by the hydraulic breaker of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method by the hydraulic breaker of FIG. It is a figure which shows 2nd Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the to-be-crushed object crushed with the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing operation | work by the crushing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows 3rd Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method by the hydraulic breaker of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the crushing method by the hydraulic breaker of FIG. It is a figure which shows 4th Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows 5th Embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the usage condition of the hydraulic breaker which is an example of the crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG.

A. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a wedge-shaped chisel. A wedge-shaped chisel 1A shown in FIG. 1 is an example of one used in the crushing method described in Patent Document 1. The wedge-shaped chisel 1A is pushed into the hole 3 formed in the rock mass 2 by pushing the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A. The surroundings are crushed. In this specification, for later explanation, XYZ coordinate axes are set as shown in FIG. Here, the formation direction of the drilling hole 3 is “+ X”, and the direction from the drilling hole 3 toward the free surface 21 of the rock mass 2 among the directions orthogonal to the drilling formation direction (+ X) is “+ Y”. A direction orthogonal to the direction Y is “Z”.

  The wedge-shaped chisel 1A has a shaft body structure having an axis AX parallel to the forming direction (+ X) of the drilling hole 3, and the rear end portion 11 can be attached to a hydraulic breaker (not shown). On the other hand, the distal end portion 12 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A has a so-called tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it proceeds toward the distal end side and the (+ X) direction side. More specifically, the rear end position Pr of the front end portion 12 has an outer diameter D12r larger than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 3, while the front end position Pf has an outer diameter D12f smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 3. Thus, the side surface of the tip 12 is an inclined surface 13. For this reason, when the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A is pushed into the hole 3 as will be described later, the inclined surface 13 moves the inner wall of the hole 3 in the direction in which the hole 12 is formed while a part of the tip 12 enters the hole 3. Press in the direction orthogonal to (+ X) to divide the periphery of the hole 3. That is, the front end portion 12 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A corresponds to the “first split rock portion” of the present invention.

  Further, two cutouts 14 are formed on the side surface of the tip 12 so as to be symmetric with respect to the axis AX, and the inclined surface 13 is separated into two contact surfaces 131 and 132. Yes. As described above, the two contact surfaces 131 and 132 are provided substantially symmetrically with respect to the axis AX on the inclined surface 13 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A. In the following, the angle at which the side surface of the tip portion (first split rock portion) 12, that is, the inclined surface 13 is inclined with respect to the direction X will be referred to as “first inclined angle θ 13”.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a crushing method for crushing the rock mass using the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. When the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A shown in FIG. 1 is inserted into the hole 3, the contact surfaces 131 and 132 are respectively locked to the inner wall of the hole 3 as shown in FIG. When the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-type chisel 1A is struck by reciprocating a piston (not shown) of the hydraulic breaker substantially parallel to the axis AX, the tip of the wedge-type chisel 1A is pushed into the hole 3. At this time, a tensile stress in the Y direction from the hole 3 acts on the inner wall of the hole 3 as indicated by a white arrow in the figure, and is a distance determined by the pushing amount H of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A and the first inclination angle θ13. Only the tip portion (first crushed rock portion) 12 pushes the free surface side of the inner wall of the hole 3, that is, the (+ Y) direction side, and a crack K is generated in the Z direction from the hole 3 (FIG. 2B). . When the indentation amount H reaches a certain value Hc, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the crack K further extends in the Z direction, and a crack is generated from the drilling hole 3 toward the free surface 21 inside the rock mass 2. As a result, the crushing part 22 is separated from the rock mass 2 in a block shape and is easily crushed and removed from the rock mass 2. For example, it can be easily removed using a heavy machine such as a ripper. By repeating such processing, the region to be crushed on the free surface 21 side can be crushed up to the deep part of the bedrock 2.

  In this way, the wedge-shaped chisel 1A is used to apply the tensile stress in the Y direction from the drilling hole 3 to the rock mass 2 to split the rock, and the periphery of the drilling hole 3 is crushed. It can be crushed automatically. Here, in order to generate a tensile stress sufficient for splitting rock, it is desirable to set the first inclination angle θ13 to a relatively small value. This is because there are two types of stress that the inclined surface 13 gives to the periphery of the drilling hole 3; tensile stress and compressive stress. However, when the first inclination angle θ13 is relatively small, tensile stress is mainly applied, which is excellent. It is possible to perform split rock with efficiency, but as the angle increases, the compressive stress gradually increases, the ratio of tensile stress decreases, and the split rock efficiency decreases.

  On the other hand, as the first inclination angle θ13 becomes smaller, the inclined surface 13 (contact surfaces 131 and 132) of the chisel 1A becomes easier to bite into the hole 3. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention manufactured wedge-shaped chisel 1A having different first inclination angles θ13, and crushed various rock masses 2 with these wedge-shaped chisel 1A, and obtained the following knowledge. First, the occurrence position of the bite is not limited to the opening of the hole 3, and as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the pushing amount H is necessary to obtain the crushed state of FIG. 2 (c). Occurring before reaching the indentation amount Hc, or in the crushing state of FIG. That is, as long as the crushing operation is performed using the wedge-shaped chisel 1A of FIG. 1, there is a possibility that sudden biting occurs during the crushing operation regardless of the amount of pushing H.

  Further, it was confirmed that the biting does not occur when the first inclination angle θ13 is equal to or larger than a certain angle. In this specification, the critical angle at which the biting does not occur is referred to as “the biting critical angle θcr”. The biting critical angle θcr is the property of the rock mass 2 (hardness, weathered state, consolidated state, joint state). It was confirmed that it differs depending on the state of the

  Further, if cracks are introduced around the borehole 3 before splitting at the tip portion (first split rock portion) 12, a wedge-type chisel 1A having a first inclination angle θ13 smaller than the critical engagement angle θcr is obtained. It was also confirmed that no biting occurred.

  Therefore, based on the above knowledge, the inventor of the present application can suppress the wedge-type chisel from biting into the drilled hole by providing a crack introduction portion on the tip side of the first rock formation portion that performs the split rock treatment. The conclusion was obtained. And while creating the wedge type chisel with a crack introduction part demonstrated below, the crushing technique using the said wedge type chisel was created.

B. First Embodiment FIG. 3 is a view showing a first embodiment of a wedge-type chisel according to the present invention. The wedge-shaped chisel 1B is greatly different from the wedge-shaped chisel 1A shown in FIG. 1 in that the tip side of the first split rock portion 12 exhibits the same function (split rock function) corresponding to the tip portion of the wedge-type chisel 1A. That is, the crack introducing portion 15 is provided on the (+ X) direction side, and is located at the foremost position of the wedge-shaped chisel 1B. The other configuration is basically the same as that of the wedge-shaped chisel 1A. Therefore, it demonstrates centering around the structure of the crack introduction part 15, and attaches | subjects the same code | symbol about the same or equivalent structure, and abbreviate | omits description.

  The crack introduction portion 15 has an outer diameter Df that is smaller than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 3 and increases toward the rear end, and the outer diameter Dr of the rear end is larger than the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 3. The crack introduction surface 16 is inclined so as to be larger, and the crack introduction surface 16 has two contact surfaces 161, 162 similar to the side surface of the first split rock portion 12, that is, the inclined surface 13, by the two notches 14. Have been separated. As described above, the contact surfaces 161 and 162 are also provided in the same arrangement as the contact surfaces 131 and 132 of the inclined surface 13 with respect to the axis AX and are substantially symmetrical. In the first embodiment, the contact surfaces 131 and 132 are provided. Corresponds to the “first contact surface” of the present invention, and the contact surfaces 161 and 162 correspond to the “second contact surface” of the present invention. In addition, the crack introduction portion 15 is provided so that the inclination angle θ16 of the crack introduction surface 16 with respect to the direction X is larger than the inclination angle θ13 of the side surface of the first calcite portion 12.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. The hydraulic breaker 5 is attached to an arm 41 of a construction vehicle 40 such as a backhoe via a bracket 42 as shown in FIG.

  The hydraulic breaker 5 includes a breaker body (not shown) supported by the bracket 42. The breaker body has a cylinder 51 at the center. Then, by supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the cylinder 51 via the switching valve, the piston 52 slidably fitted in the cylinder 51 can move forward and backward in the axial direction.

  The rear end portion 11 of the chisel 1B is inserted into the tip portion (lower end portion in FIG. 4) of the breaker body so that the axis AX of the chisel 1B is coaxial with the reciprocating axis of the piston 52. A striking chamber is formed between the rear end face and the piston 52. In the tip of the breaker body, the chisel 1B can reciprocate a predetermined distance in the direction of the axis AX, that is, in the X direction by striking the piston 52. In addition, the code | symbol 43 in FIG. 4 is a soundproof cover which suppresses that the operation sound which generate | occur | produces at the time of striking of the piston 52 is propagated around as noise.

  Next, the operation | movement which crushes the free surface side of the rock mass 2 using the hydraulic breaker 5 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated, referring FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 and 6 are diagrams schematically showing a crushing method using the hydraulic breaker of FIG. In the first embodiment, after forming the drilling hole 3 with the inner diameter d at a position away from the free surface 21 in the (−Y) direction (drilling forming step), as shown in FIG. The tip of 1B is inserted into the hole 3, and the contact surfaces 161, 162 of the crack introduction surface 16 located at the foremost position of the wedge-shaped chisel 1B are brought into contact with the peripheral portion of the opening of the hole 3 and are not shown. By supplying pressure oil from the hydraulic pressure supply source to the cylinder 51 through the switching valve, the piston 52 is reciprocated in the axial direction to hit the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1B. As a result, the crack CR is introduced around the hole 3 by the crack introduction portion 15 as shown in FIG. Here, the crack CR in the Z direction is introduced by tensile stress among the stresses applied from the crack introduction part 15 to the periphery of the hole 3, but another crack is introduced around the hole 3 by compressive stress. Sometimes it is done. This also applies to the later embodiments.

  Subsequently, the wedge-shaped chisel 1B is further pushed in the drilling direction (+ X) while striking the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1B with the piston 52. Thereby, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B, the crack introduction part 15 additionally introduces the crack CR around the hole 3 while the crack CR is additionally introduced, that is, the opening side of the hole 3, that is, (− X) On the direction side, the first rock formation portion 12 divides the periphery of the borehole 3. In addition, the code | symbol K in FIG.5 (b-1) has shown typically the crack extended in the Z direction from the drilling hole 3 by a split rock process.

  Further, when the wedge-type chisel 1B is pushed in, the crack K further extends in the Z direction, and when the push amount H of the wedge-type chisel 1B reaches the push amount Hc, as shown in FIG. Inside, another crack enters into the free surface 21 from the borehole 3 and is divided into rocks. As a result, the block-shaped crushing portion 22 is crushed from the rock mass 2. And this crushing part 22 is removed using heavy machines, such as a ripper (Ripper). By repeating such processing, the free surface 21 side is crushed to the deep part of the bedrock 2.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the crushing process is performed using the wedge-type chisel 1B in which the crack introduction part 15 is provided on the chisel tip side (+ X direction side) with respect to the first slab rock part 12 that performs the split rock process. In addition, crack CR is sequentially introduced around the hole 3 in parallel with the pushing of the wedge-shaped chisel 1B into the hole 3 while suppressing the crack introduction surface 16 of the crack introduction part 15 from biting into the hole 3. ing. And the split rock process is performed by the 1st split rock part 12 in the state by which the crack CR was introduced in this way. For this reason, the possibility that the inclined surface 13 of the first crushed rock portion 12 bites into the hole 3 is greatly reduced. As a result, the crushing operation by the wedge-shaped chisel 1B can be efficiently performed while effectively suppressing the wedge-shaped chisel 1B from biting into the hole 3.

  The crack introduction part 15 is mainly intended to prevent the chisel 1B from getting caught by introducing a crack around the drilling hole 3 before executing the split rock treatment by the first split rock part 12 as described above. Therefore, it is not always necessary to provide the crack introduction portion 15 large, rather, the crack introduction portion 15 in the direction X of the axis AX is set short, for example, set to about several hundred [mm], and the first split rock portion 12 is set relatively long. It is desirable to do. For example, it is desirable to set the ratio of the crack introduction part 15 and the 1st blast rock part 12 in the direction X of the axis AX to about 1: 5 to 1:10. In addition, the above-described effect can be obtained by setting the inclination angle θ16 of the crack introduction surface 16 with respect to the direction X to be larger than the inclination angle θ13 of the side surface (inclined surface 13) of the first crushed rock portion 12. It is preferable to set a value larger than the critical engagement angle θcr. As a result, the crack introduction surface 16 can be reliably prevented from biting into the hole 3, the wedge chisel 1 </ b> B can be reliably prevented from being bitten, and work efficiency can be further improved. . Such a deformation mode related to the crack introducing portion 15 can be applied to other embodiments described below, and the same operational effects can be obtained.

C. Second Embodiment FIG. 7 is a view showing a second embodiment of the wedge-shaped chisel according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. The wedge-type chisel 1C shown in FIG. 7 is effective for crushing the rock mass 2 alone as in the first embodiment. However, as will be described later, a plurality of wedge-type chisel 1C are prepared and described in Patent Document 2. Can be used for the so-called unit crushing method.

  While the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is common in that the crack introduction portion 15 is provided on the chisel tip side (+ X direction side) with respect to the first split rock portion 12 like the first embodiment (wedge-type chisel 1B), There are differences in the following two points. Therefore, while the configuration will be described focusing on the differences, the same or corresponding components will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  The first difference is that a tapered support portion 17 is provided so as to continue from the crack introduction portion 15 on the chisel tip side (+ X direction side) with respect to the crack introduction portion 15. That is, the rear end diameter of the support portion 17 has the same diameter as the tip diameter Df of the crack introduction portion 15 (<the inner diameter d of the drilling hole 3), and the outer diameter becomes smaller as it advances toward the tip side. For this reason, the support part 17 can be completely inserted into the hole 3 and, after the insertion, the support part 17 engages and supports the inner wall of the hole 3 when the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is inclined, It has a function of preventing the wedge-type chisel 1C from overturning.

  The second difference is the shape of the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C, and the rear end portion 11 has a structure that receives the impact from the piston 52 in a form separated from the hydraulic breaker 5. That is, the hydraulic breaker 5 is formed in the rock mass 2 as shown in FIG. 7, a breaker body 53 attached to the arm 41 of the construction vehicle 40 such as a backhoe via the bracket 42, an attachment 54 attached to the breaker body 53. The support part 17 is inserted into the hole 3 in advance and is provided with a wedge-shaped chisel 1C that is self-supporting.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the breaker main body 53 has a housing (not shown) extending in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 8), and a cylindrical cylinder space 55 extending in the axial direction is formed therein. Has been. The breaker main body 53 has a piston 52 accommodated in a cylinder space 55. The piston 52 reciprocates in the axial direction when pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via a switching valve. To do. Further, a cylindrical space 56 communicating with the cylinder space 55 is formed on the distal end side (lower side in FIG. 8) of the cylinder space 55, and the distal end surface of the cylindrical space 56 is an opening surface.

  The attachment 54 is disposed between the piston 52 and the wedge-shaped chisel 1C, and has a role of transmitting a striking force generated by the reciprocating motion of the piston 52 to the wedge-shaped chisel 1C. The rear end portion of the attachment 54 is inserted into the cylindrical space 56 from the opening surface of the cylindrical space 56 and attached to the breaker body 53. In this mounted state, the tip of the attachment 54 protrudes from the cylindrical space 56. A cylindrical guide portion 57 is formed at the tip of the attachment 54. The distal end surface of the insertion space 58 formed inside the guide portion 57 is an opening surface, and the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C can be accommodated in the insertion space 58 from this opening surface. Moreover, the surface facing the opening surface is configured as a striking surface that strikes the rear end face of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C.

  The rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1 </ b> C is configured as follows and can be inserted into the insertion space 58 inside the guide portion 57. That is, the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C extends to the first rear end portion 11a having the rear end end surface hit by the attachment 54 and the front end side (+ X direction side) of the first rear end portion 11a. A second rear end portion 11b having an outer diameter larger than that of the first rear end portion 11a, and the diameter greatly changes at a boundary portion between the first rear end portion 11a and the second rear end portion 11b. A step portion 11c is formed. The rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1 </ b> C can be inserted into and removed from the insertion space 58 of the attachment 54 in the axial direction, that is, can be engaged with and disengaged from the guide portion 57.

  Next, a crushing operation for crushing the rock mass 2 having the free surface 21 on the (+ Y) direction side using the wedge-shaped chisel 1C configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a material to be crushed by the crushing device of FIG. 8, and FIGS. 10 to 12 are diagrams schematically showing crushing operations by the crushing device of FIG. 10 (a) to 12 (a) are plan views, and FIGS. 10 (b) to 12 (b) are cross-sectional views taken along line AA in FIGS. 10 (a) to 12 (a). It is.

  In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the rock 2 having a free surface 21 that is a substantially vertical surface as shown in FIG. 9A is crushed and formed into a stepped shape as shown in FIG. 9B. First, as shown in FIG. 9A, a plurality of drilling holes 3 having a predetermined inner diameter are formed in the rock mass 2 to form drilling rows 31, 32, 33. Each of the drilling rows 31, 32, and 33 is formed so as to be substantially parallel to the free surface 21 in plan view, and here, it is assumed that four drilling holes 3 are included in one drilling row. Further, the drilling rows 31, 32, 33 are formed at almost equal intervals in the order from the free surface 21.

  In this specification, the area | region of the free rock 21 side from the drilling row | line | column 31 among the rock masses 2 is divided into 3 up and down directions, and it calls area | regions 2a, 2b, 2c in order from the top. Further, the region between the drilling rows 31 and 32, the region adjacent to the region 2a is 2d, the region adjacent to the region 2b is 2e, and the region between the drilling rows 32 and 33 is A region adjacent to the region 2d is referred to as 2f. The crushing operation described below is to crush the regions 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f of the rock mass 2 in this order by driving the wedge-shaped chisel 1C into the drilling rows 31, 32, 33 in order. Finally, the bedrock 2 is stepped.

  In this embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 10B, the depth dimension of all the drilling holes 3 is made larger than the height dimension of the free surface 21. The reason why the hole 3 is formed deeply in this way is to prevent the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C, that is, the support portion 17 from coming into contact with the bottom surface of the hole 3 during the crushing operation so as not to hinder the crushing operation. However, the depth of the hole 3 can be appropriately changed according to the situation at the site, and the depth of the plurality of holes 3 can be made different from each other. It is also possible to change the depth.

  The procedure of the crushing operation will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the wedge-type chisel 1C is first installed in a state in which the support portion 17 of the wedge-type chisel 1C is inserted into each of the drill holes 3 of the drill hole rows 31, 32. Thereby, the contact surfaces 161 and 162 of the crack introduction surface 16 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C contact the peripheral portion of the opening of the hole 3.

  When the installation of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 11, the attachment 54 is placed in the hole 3 located at the end of the hole array 31 (here, the lowermost hole in FIG. 11A). The wedge-shaped chisel 1 </ b> C is moved above the installed wedge-shaped chisel 1 </ b> C so that the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1 </ b> C is inserted into the insertion space 58. In this state, when pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) via the switching valve, the piston 52 reciprocates and applies a striking force to the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C via the attachment 54. When the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is hit, crack CR is introduced around the hole 3 prior to the split rock treatment by the first split rock portion 12 as in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the crack CR is introduced around the opening of the hole 3 by the crack introducing portion 15. Subsequently, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is further pushed in the drilling direction (+ X) while striking the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C with the piston 52. Thereby, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the crack introduction part 15 additionally introduces the crack CR around the hole 3 while the crack CR is additionally introduced, that is, the opening side of the hole 3, that is, the (−X) direction. The crack K is formed by dividing the periphery of the drilling hole 3 by the first split rock portion 12 on the side. Here, when the indentation amount H of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C reaches the indentation amount Hc, as shown in FIG. The

  By sequentially performing the hitting operation on the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the drilling row 31, the periphery of each drilling hole 3 constituting the drilling row 31 is divided, and the entire region 2a is crushed. That is, when the periphery of the hole 3 is split in the direction Z perpendicular to the tensile stress, the crack K generated around each hole 3 is connected to the direction parallel to the free surface 21 and (+ Y ) Direction crack reaches the free surface 21 and the region 2 a becomes the crushing portion 22. And this crushing part 22 is removed using heavy machines, such as a ripper (Ripper).

  The above crushing and removing operation is similarly performed on the areas 2b and 2c of the bedrock 2. That is, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the hole array 31 is hit again in order to crush the region 2b, and then the crushed region 2b is removed. Further, once the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the hole array 31 is hit in order to crush the region 2c, the crushed region 2c is removed. In this way, the crushing removal work of the areas 2a, 2b, 2c of the rock mass 2 is completed. In this way, by crushing and removing the rock mass 2 in a plurality of times in the formation direction X of the drilling hole 3, the crushing is performed to the depth of the rock mass 2 even if the length of the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is short. Is possible. In addition, after the crushing and removing operation of the drilling row 31 by the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is completed, that is, after the crushing and removing operation of the regions 2a, 2b, and 2c of the rock mass 2 is completed, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the drilling row 31 is It becomes unnecessary. Therefore, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C installed in the hole array 31 is transferred to the hole array 33 while the crushing operation of the hole array 32 by the wedge-shaped chisel 1C is performed as described below. By doing so, it is not necessary to interrupt the crushing operation in order to transfer the wedge-shaped chisel 1C to the drilling row 33, so that the crushing operation can be performed efficiently. In addition, the number of wedge-shaped chisel 1C used for the crushing operation can be reduced.

  Similarly, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the drilling row 32 is hit in order to crush the region 2d of the rock mass 2, and then the crushed region 2d is removed. Subsequently, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the drilling row 32 is hit again in order to crush the region 2e, and then the crushed region 2e is removed. In this way, the crushing and removing work for the areas 2d and 2e of the bedrock 2 is completed. Finally, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C of the drilling row 33 is hit in order to crush the region 2f of the rock mass 2 and remove this to complete the entire crushing process.

  As described above, also in the second embodiment, a wedge-type chisel in which the crack introduction portion 15 is provided on the tip end side (+ X direction side) of the chisel compared to the first split rock portion 12 that performs the split rock treatment similarly to the first embodiment. Since the crushing process is performed using 1C, the crushing operation by the wedge-type chisel 1C can be efficiently performed while effectively suppressing the wedge-type chisel 1C from biting into the hole 3.

  A plurality of holes 3 are formed in advance, and a wedge-shaped chisel 1C is inserted into some of the holes 3 in a state separated from the attachment 54. That is, by sequentially applying a striking force to a plurality of wedge-shaped chisels 1C previously installed in the drilling holes 3, it is possible to continuously split the periphery of each drilling hole 3 and The operation of inserting or extracting the wedge-shaped chisel 1C every time the drilling hole 3 changes becomes unnecessary. Further, by using a plurality of wedge-type chiseles 1C, it is possible to suppress the progress of wear of each wedge-type chisel 1C, and to reduce the frequency of replacing the wedge-type chisel 1C. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently and sequentially split the periphery of the plurality of drilling holes 3 formed in advance in the rock mass 2.

  Furthermore, by providing the support portion 17, the wedge-shaped chisel 1C can be stably installed in the hole 3 and the workability of unit crushing can be improved. Note that the shape and size of the support portion 17 are not limited to the above embodiment, and the support portion 17 may be anything that can be inserted into the hole 3.

D. Third Embodiment FIG. 13 is a view showing a third embodiment of a wedge-type chisel according to the present invention. FIG. 14 is a view showing a usage mode of a hydraulic breaker which is an example of a crushing apparatus equipped with the wedge-shaped chisel of FIG. The wedge-shaped chisel 1D shown in FIG. 13 is not only used for splitting the periphery of the drilling hole 3 formed in the vertical direction as in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, but also for a crushing method for forming a slope. It is valid.

  While the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is common in that a crack introducing portion 15 is provided on the chisel tip side (+ X direction side) with respect to the first split rock portion 12 as in the first embodiment (wedge-type chisel 1B), There are differences in the following two points. Therefore, while the configuration will be described focusing on the differences, the same or corresponding components will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  The first difference is that a second split rock portion 18 formed by projecting two projecting members 181 and 182 from the side surface (inclined surface 13) of the first split rock portion 12 is provided and is pushed into the drilling hole 3. As a result, the side surfaces of the projecting members 181 and 182 are in contact with the inner wall of the drill hole 3 following the side surface of the first split rock portion 12, and have a function of pressing in a direction different from the (+ Y) direction to split the periphery of the drill hole 3. Have. More specifically, two inclined holes are formed in the inclined surface 13 of the first calcite portion 12 from an upper position at an angle θ18 with respect to the direction X of the axis AX, and a tip end of a steel rod is inserted into each inclined hole. ing. The rear end portion of each steel bar is exposed from the inclined surface 13 and is firmly fixed to the inclined surface 13 by welding. Thus, the exposed portions of these steel bars correspond to the protruding members 181 and 182, respectively.

  The second difference is the shape of the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D, and the rear end portion 11 has a structure for receiving a hit from the piston 52 in a form separated from the hydraulic breaker 5. In other words, the hydraulic breaker 5 includes a breaker body (not shown) supported by the bracket 20. Further, the breaker body has a cylinder 51 at the center in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 14). Then, by supplying pressure oil from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the cylinder 51 via the switching valve, the piston 52 slidably fitted in the cylinder 51 can move forward and backward in the axial direction. In the present embodiment, the tip surface 52a of the piston 52, that is, the surface that strikes the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is finished in a curved convex shape. This is because it is particularly suitable for the slope forming operation.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the rear end surface 11d of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is finished in a curved concave shape. For this reason, the curved concave surface 11d of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D does not move even when the reciprocating axis of the piston 52 coincides with the direction X of the axis AX of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D. It can be engaged with the surface 52a. For example, when a crushing operation is performed on a relatively flat work site, it is desirable to control the posture of the piston 52 so that the reciprocating shaft of the piston 52 is coaxial with the direction of the axis AX of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D. However, for example, when the crushing operation is performed near the slope, the posture control of the piston 52 may be limited in order to avoid interference with the slope. Even in such a case, even if the reciprocating shaft of the piston 52 is controlled to be inclined with respect to the axial direction X of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D, the front end surface 52a of the piston 52 is the rear end surface of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D. It is possible to hit with certainty at 13d.

  Next, a crushing operation for crushing the free surface side of the rock mass 2 to form a slope using the wedge-shaped chisel 1D configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. 15 and 16 are diagrams schematically showing a crushing method using the hydraulic breaker shown in FIG. In the third embodiment, after the hole 3 having the inner diameter d is formed obliquely at a position away from the free surface 21 in the (−Y) direction (a hole forming step), as shown in FIG. The tip of the wedge-type chisel 1D is inserted into the hole 3 while the inclined surface 132 located on the opposite side of the 20% rock portion 18 is along the slope 24, and the crack introduction surface 16 located at the foremost position of the wedge-type chisel 1D. Are brought into contact with the peripheral portion of the opening of the hole 3. As a result, the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is installed with respect to the drilling hole 3 with the second split rock 18 facing the free surface 21 side.

  Thereafter, pressure oil is supplied from a hydraulic supply source (not shown) to the cylinder 51 via the switching valve, so that the piston 52 is reciprocated in the axial direction to hit the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D. As a result, the crack CR is introduced around the hole 3 by the crack introduction portion 15 as shown in FIG.

  Subsequently, the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is further pushed in the drilling direction (+ X) while striking the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D with the piston 52. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 15B, the crack introduction part 15 additionally introduces the crack CR around the hole 3 while the crack CR is additionally introduced. X) On the direction side, the first rock formation portion 12 divides the periphery of the borehole 3. A crack K is formed in the Z direction from the hole 3 by this split rock treatment.

  When the wedge-shaped chisel 1D is further pushed in, the abutment surface 131 of the first split rock portion 12 contacts the free surface side of the inner wall of the drilling hole 3 from the protruding member 181 of the second split rock portion 18. , 182. Then, stress concentrates on the portion where the projecting members 181 and 182 abut, and tensile stress acts in a direction different from the (+ Y) direction from the abutting portion as indicated by the white arrow in FIG. Then, the split rock around the drilling hole 3 proceeds. Thus, since the stress application state changes before and after the projecting members 181 and 182 reach the opening of the hole 3, many cracks are generated in the planned fracture region extending from the hole 3 to the free surface 21. It is finely divided into rocks. Further, when the indentation amount H of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D reaches the indentation amount Hc, as shown in FIG. As a result, the block-shaped crushing part 22 is crushed from the rock mass 2. And this crushing part 22 is removed using heavy machines, such as a ripper (Ripper). By repeating such a process, the slope 24 parallel to the forming direction X of the hole 3 can be satisfactorily formed along the hole 3.

  As described above, also in the third embodiment, a wedge-type chisel in which the crack introduction portion 15 is provided on the tip end side (+ X direction side) of the chisel compared to the first split rock portion 12 that performs the split rock treatment similarly to the first embodiment. Since the crushing process is performed using 1D, the crushing operation by the wedge-type chisel 1D can be efficiently performed while effectively suppressing the wedge-type chisel 1D from biting into the hole 3.

  In the third embodiment, the front end surface of the piston 52 and the rear end surface 11d of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D are finished as a curved convex surface and a curved concave surface, respectively, but this relationship may be reversed. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to flexibly cope with the situation at the work site as in the above embodiment.

  Further, the technical idea of providing the second split rock portion 18 formed by projecting a protruding member from the side surface (inclined surface 13) of the first split rock portion 12 can be applied to the wedge-type chisel according to other embodiments. is there.

  In the third embodiment, the tip end surface of the piston 52 and the rear end surface 11d of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D are curved in consideration of the work restriction at the time of forming the slope, but if there is no work restriction, For example, similarly to the wedge-type chisel 1A described in the first embodiment, the rear end portion of the wedge-type chisel 1D is inserted into the tip portion of the breaker body so that the wedge-type chisel 1D is coaxial with the reciprocating axis of the piston 52. A striking chamber may be formed between the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D and the piston 52.

  In the third embodiment, the piston 52 directly hits the rear end face of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D. However, in order to reduce the impact sound generated at the time of impact and to suppress the temperature rise, The piston 52 may hit the rear end portion 11 of the wedge-shaped chisel 1D in a state where the buffer member is inserted. As the buffer member, a material having a sound deadening property and heat resistance can be used. For example, a tile carpet (product name G-100, product number GA1019 manufactured by Toli Co., Ltd.) can be used.

  Further, the number of the protruding members is not limited to two and is arbitrary.

  As described above, in the above-described embodiment, the rock mass 2 corresponds to an example of the “object to be crushed” of the present invention, and the formation direction (+ X) of the drilling hole 3 formed in the rock mass 2 is the “first” of the present invention. Corresponds to “one direction”. Moreover, in the said embodiment, the two 1st contact surfaces 131 and 132 are symmetrically arrange | positioned with respect to the axis line AX, and are pressing the inner wall of the hole 3 in the (+ Y) and (-Y) direction, respectively. The Y direction corresponds to the “second direction” of the present invention. Further, the outer diameter Df on the distal end side of the crack introducing portion 15 corresponds to the “outer diameter on the distal end side” of the present invention, and this envelops the second contact surfaces 161 and 162 at the distal end position of the crack introducing portion 15. This corresponds to the diameter of a virtual circle (so-called envelope diameter). Further, the outer diameter Df on the front end side of the crack introducing portion 15 corresponds to the “outer diameter on the front end side” of the present invention, and this is caused by the second contact surfaces 161 and 162 at the front end position P15f of the crack introducing portion 15. It corresponds to the diameter of the enveloping virtual circle. Further, the outer diameter Dr on the rear end side of the crack introducing portion 15 corresponds to the “outer diameter on the rear end side” of the present invention, which is the second contact surface 161 at the rear end position P15r of the crack introducing portion 15. , 162 corresponds to the diameter of the virtual circle enveloping. In order to specify the crack introduction surface 16 as described above, the diameter of a virtual circle enveloping the second contact surfaces 161 and 162 at each position in the direction X is defined as “the outer diameter of the crack introduction portion” in the present invention. ing. Further, the angle θ13 corresponds to the “inclination angle of the side surface of the first rock formation relative to the first direction” of the present invention, and the angle θ16 corresponds to the “inclination angle of the crack introduction surface with respect to the first direction” of the present invention. , Θ13 <θ16 is satisfied.

E. Others The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the two notch portions 14 are provided for the first split rock portion 12 and the crack introduction portion 15 to form the two contact surfaces 131 and 132 in the first split rock portion 12, and the crack introduction portion. 15, the two contact surfaces 161 and 162 are formed. However, the number, size, and shape of the contact surfaces at the first crushed rock portion 12 and the crack introduction portion 15 are not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, it is good also considering the inclined surface 13 and the crack introduction surface 16 as a single contact surface, without providing a notch part. That is, in the wedge-shaped chisel 1E according to the fourth embodiment, the first split rock portion 12 and the crack introduction portion 15 are each formed in an inverted frustoconical shape, and the entire inclined surface 13 of the first split rock portion 12 is subjected to the split rock treatment. Before performing, it is comprised so that a crack may be introduced in the crack introduction surface 16 whole (4th Embodiment).

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 18, four first abutting surfaces 131 to 134 and four second abutting surfaces are provided by providing four notches 14 and dividing the inclined surface 13 and the crack introduction surface 16 into four parts. The surfaces 161 to 164 may be formed (fifth embodiment).

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the number of the contact surfaces in the 1st rock formation part 12 and the crack introduction part 15 is the same value, and the positional relationship of a 1st contact surface and the positional relationship of a 2nd contact surface are the same. However, the numbers of the first contact surface and the second contact surface may be different from each other or may be arranged in different positional relationships.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rock mass 2 is performing the crushing process as "the to-be-crushed object" of this invention, the crushing object of this invention, ie, the to-be-crushed object, is not limited to a rock mass, Concrete structures are also included. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, a relatively large rock (roll stone) 6 may be crushed according to the present invention. For example, by using a wedge-shaped chisel 1F shown in FIG. 18, the rock 6 is divided into four pieces and crushed. be able to.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the piston is reciprocated by hydraulic pressure, but the driving source of the piston is not limited to hydraulic pressure, and the driving source used in the entire crushing apparatus, for example, a crushing apparatus using air or the like. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied.

  The present invention is applied to all technologies for crushing the periphery of a drilling hole by pushing the tip of a wedge-shaped chisel having a tapered shape into a drilling hole formed in an object to be crushed such as rock, rock, concrete structure, etc. Can do.

1B-1F ... wedge type chisel 2 ... bedrock (object to be crushed)
3 ... Drilling hole 5 ... Hydraulic breaker
6 ... Rock (crushed object)
11 ... Rear end (of wedge-shaped chisel) 12 ... 1st rock formation 13 ... Inclined surface (side surface of 1st rock formation)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Crack introduction part 16 ... Crack introduction surface 17 ... Support part 21 ... Free surface 22 ... Crushing part 52 ... Piston 131-134 ... 1st contact surface 161-164 ... 2nd contact surface 181, 182 ... Projection member AX ... Axis CR ... Crack K ... Crack P15f ... Front end position (of crack introduction part) P15r ... Rear end position (of crack introduction part) X ... Drilling direction (first direction)

Claims (11)

The first split rock has a first rock portion tapered toward the tip, and the tip is pushed into a drilling hole formed in a first direction with respect to an object to be crushed, such as a rock, rock, concrete structure, or the like. A wedge-shaped chisel in which the side surface of the portion presses the inner wall of the drilling hole in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction to split the periphery of the drilling hole,
A crack introduction part is provided on the tip side from the first scalloped part,
The crack introduction portion has an outer diameter on the front end side that is smaller than an inner diameter of the drilling hole, and the outer diameter increases as it advances toward the rear end side, so that the outer diameter on the rear end side becomes larger than the inner diameter of the drilling hole It has an inclined crack introduction surface,
A wedge-type chisel characterized in that an inclination angle of the crack introduction surface with respect to the first direction is larger than an inclination angle of a side surface of the first split rock portion with respect to the first direction. The wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 1,
The crack introduction part is a wedge-shaped chisel provided at the most advanced position. The wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 1,
A support portion extends in the first direction on the tip side from the crack introduction portion,
The support part is a wedge type chisel that can be inserted into the hole. A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A shaft body structure having an axis parallel to the first direction;
A plurality of first abutment surfaces are provided symmetrically with respect to the axis on the side surface of the first split rock portion, and a plurality of first abutment surfaces are formed on the hole by pushing a tip into the hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that presses against the inner wall. A wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 4,
A wedge-type chisel in which the same number of second contact surfaces as the first contact surfaces are provided on the crack introduction surface symmetrically with the plurality of first contact surfaces with respect to the axis. A wedge-type chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A second rock formation is provided in the first rock formation,
The second split rock portion has at least one protruding member protruding from a side surface of the first split rock portion,
By being pushed into the drilling hole, the projecting member comes into contact with the inner wall of the drilling hole following the side surface of the first swarf rock portion, and presses in a third direction different from the second direction to surround the periphery of the drilling hole. A wedge-shaped chisel that splits rocks. Preparing the wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
After inserting the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the hole and bringing the crack introduction surface into contact with the peripheral part of the opening of the hole, the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction to A crack introduction process for introducing cracks in the surroundings;
Subsequent to the crack introduction step, by pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction, the crack introduction portion additionally introduces a crack around the hole by the crack introduction portion, and the opening of the hole is more than the crack introduced. A crushing method comprising repeating a process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock portion on the side. Preparing a wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 6;
After inserting the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel into the hole and bringing the crack introduction surface into contact with the peripheral part of the opening of the hole, the wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction to A crack introduction process for introducing cracks in the surroundings;
Subsequent to the crack introduction step, by pushing the wedge-shaped chisel in the first direction, the crack introduction portion additionally introduces a crack around the hole by the crack introduction portion, and the opening of the hole is more than the crack introduced. A crushing method comprising: a split rock step of repeating a process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock portion and the second split rock portion on the side. A crushing method for crushing an object to be crushed such as a rock, a rock, or a concrete structure in which a plurality of holes extending in a first direction are formed,
Preparing a plurality of wedge-shaped chisels according to claim 3;
A chisel for installing the wedge-shaped chisel in a state where the support portion is inserted into each of at least two of the plurality of holes and the crack introduction surface is in contact with a peripheral portion of the opening of the hole. Installation process;
By sequentially pushing the wedge-shaped chisel installed in the drilling hole in the first direction, the wedge-shaped chisel is moved around the drilling hole by the crack introduction portion in each drilling hole in which the wedge-shaped chisel is installed. A crushing method comprising repeating a process of dividing the periphery of the drilling hole by the first split rock portion on the opening side of the drilling hole, while additionally introducing a crack, on the opening side of the drilling hole. A wedge-shaped chisel according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
A piston for striking the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel,
The wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction by striking the piston while the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the hole and the crack introduction surface is in contact with the peripheral part of the opening of the hole. After introducing cracks around the hole,
The wedge-shaped chisel is further pushed in the first direction by the piston, and the crack introduction portion additionally introduces a crack around the drilling hole, and further introduces the crack on the opening side of the drilling hole. The crushing apparatus characterized by crushing the periphery of the hole by repeating the process of dividing the periphery of the hole by the 10% rock portion. A wedge-shaped chisel according to claim 6;
A piston for striking the rear end of the wedge-shaped chisel,
The wedge-shaped chisel is pushed in the first direction by striking the piston while the tip of the wedge-shaped chisel is inserted into the hole and the crack introduction surface is in contact with the peripheral part of the opening of the hole. After introducing cracks around the hole,
The wedge-shaped chisel is further pushed in the first direction by the piston, and the crack introduction portion additionally introduces a crack around the drilling hole, and further introduces the crack on the opening side of the drilling hole. The crushing apparatus characterized by crushing the periphery of the drilling hole by repeating the process of splitting the periphery of the drilling hole by the 10% rock part and the second split rock part.

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