JP2748243B2 - Rock excavation method and rock shield excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rock propulsion method and a shield excavator for propelling and embedding a rock shield excavator and a buried pipe in a rock mass in a propulsion method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of burying a buried pipe in a bedrock, a method of gradually crushing and excavating the entire excavated surface of the bedrock by a human being using a rock drill or a large number of holes using a boring device or the like is known. A method has been adopted in which a rock is broken by loading a blasting material such as an explosive into the hole and blasting the hole.

[0003] However, the crushing method using the rock drill described above has a low work efficiency, and it is difficult to crush the rock, particularly with a rock having high strength, and the amount of progress of rock digging is reduced. In addition, there is a problem that dust is generated and the working environment is deteriorated.
Also, the method by blasting is difficult to maintain and manage explosives and construction work, and construction in urban areas has a problem in terms of safety, and cannot be adopted due to various regulations.

For this reason, a rock shield excavator in which a plurality of crushing means such as roller bits are provided on the front surface of a face plate at the tip of the shield excavator has recently been developed. The roller bit is pressed against the rock surface by the rotation of the face plate and rotates on its own.
This is a mechanism that crushes the bedrock by pressing the cutting edge of the roller bit against the bedrock surface. Roller bits have the advantage of low wear on rocks, a very long life and are effective.

[0005]

According to the technology of the rock shield excavator equipped with the roller bits described above, if joints and cracks are formed even in relatively hard rock, the joints and cracks are set as the second free surface and the roller bits are set as the second free surface. The cutting edge can shear-break the rock surface, making it possible to excavate efficiently. However, in the case of hard rock with no joints or cracks, only one free surface of the excavated surface is provided. Therefore, the rock that is hit by the edge of the roller bit is slightly crushed, making it difficult to excavate the entire rock. As a result, a remarkable decrease in the amount of progress of the sun and an inability to excavate occur, causing a delay in the construction period and the like.

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rock excavation method and a rock shield excavator capable of efficiently excavating even a hard rock without joints and cracks.

[0007]

In other words, the present invention provides a rock shield excavator having a rock face in front of a rock shield excavator by operating perforating means provided at a predetermined position on a face plate at the tip of the rock shield excavator so as to be stowable behind the face rock. A step of piercing the leading hole by a predetermined length, and a step of storing the piercing means behind the face plate, and crushing and excavating the rock by the leading hole length by rotating a face plate provided with a plurality of crushing means. And a rock excavation method in which a shield excavator is excavated in the rock by sequentially repeating the above steps.

[0008] The present invention also provides a face plate in which a plurality of crushing means are provided at the front end of the face of the rock shield excavator, and a preceding hole formed at a predetermined position of the face plate in the rock in front of the rock shield excavator. A rock shield excavator constituted by drilling means provided so as to be able to pierce by a predetermined length and be stored behind the face plate.

As a basic configuration of a rock shield excavator, a rock shield excavator having a conventionally used mechanism can be used. As a drilling means installed on the face plate at the tip of the rock shield excavator, a percussion type rock drill or a percussion type rocker that strikes and cuts rock by moving the impact bit at the tip back and forth with respect to the excavation surface A rock drilling machine that rotates the striking bit while moving the striking bit back and forth, a boring device that rotates a cylindrical body having ultra-hard steel or diamond at its tip, and the like, is used. The number of perforating means is increased or decreased according to the diameter of the buried pipe or the strength of the rock.

As the crushing means, a roller bit or the like usually used for a rock shield excavator is used. Generally, since the roller bit is less worn than the cutting bit, a method using only the roller bit or a method mainly using the roller bit in combination with the cutting bit is effective.

[0011]

According to the above-mentioned invention, the leading hole is drilled in advance in the bedrock by the drilling means provided in the bedrock excavator, so that even in the case of a hard bedrock without joints and cracks, cracks due to the leading hole or the drilling are formed in the bedrock. Can be formed. Then, by rotating the face plate at the tip of the rock shield excavator, the crack or leading hole is used as a second free surface, and the cutting edge of a roller bit or the like as crushing means cuts the rock,
Excavation can be performed efficiently while easily shearing and breaking.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a rock shield excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. At the tip of the rock shield excavator 1, a face plate 6 equipped with roller bits as a plurality of crushing means 2 for crushing the rock is installed. On the outer periphery of the face plate rotating shaft 10 at the center of the face plate 6,
A rock drill as drilling means 3 housed behind the face plate 6 so as not to protrude from the front surface of the face plate 6 is provided. The rock drill can be moved forward from the face plate 6 by extending the cylinder 4 fixed to the face plate rotating shaft 10. The face plate rotating shaft 10 penetrates through the partition wall 9 and is connected to a rear driving device 11.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the rock shield excavator of the present invention. A face plate 6 provided at the tip of the rock shield excavator 1 is provided with a plurality of crushing means 2 as roller bits. An outer peripheral cutting bit 7 that can annularly cut the outer diameter of the shield excavator 1 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the face plate 6.
Are arranged evenly. Faceplate rotation axis 1 of faceplate 6
In the outer peripheral portion, four rock drills as drilling means 3 for drilling a preceding hole in a rock face in front are provided. At the center of the face plate 6, a main cutting bit 8 for cutting the center is mounted.

In this embodiment, four drilling means 3 are provided at the central part. However, one drilling means 3 may be provided at the central part or arranged in a plurality of rows according to the diameter of the buried pipe and the strength of the rock. By doing so, the crushing efficiency of the rock can be improved.

The drilling means 3 is called a percussion type rock drill or a percussion type in which the impact bit at the tip is moved back and forth with respect to the excavation surface, and the rock bit is rotated while moving the impact bit back and forth. For example, a rock drill to be drilled or a boring means for drilling by rotating a cylindrical body having ultra-hard steel or diamond at its tip is used. As long as the hitting bit of the rock drilling machine or the like as the drilling means 3 can be stored as long as possible behind the face plate 6, the length of the preceding hole at one time can be increased and the excavation efficiency can be improved.

Next, a rock excavation method using the rock shield excavator 1 according to the present invention will be described. The rock shield excavator 1 is installed at the start pit of the start shaft, and the face plate 6 at the tip of the rock shield excavator 1 is brought into contact with the rock surface by the main pushing device. Then, the rock drill as the drilling means 3 is operated and the cylinder 4 is extended to advance the rock drill and drill a preceding hole in the rock surface. When the leading hole is formed to a predetermined length, the operation of the rock drill is stopped, and the rock drill is stored behind the face plate 6 by reducing the cylinder 4. When the storage of the rock drill is completed, the drive 11
As a result, the face plate 6 at the tip is rotated, and the roller bit as the crushing means 2 provided on the face plate 6 crushes the rock. At this time, a crack is formed in the rock surface due to the preceding hole or perforation, and the preceding hole or the crack becomes the second free surface, and the cutting edge of the roller bit efficiently performs shear fracture of the rock.

When the rock crushing excavation of the length of the preceding hole is completed, the face plate 6 is stopped, the rock drill is operated again, and the preceding hole is drilled to a predetermined length. By sequentially repeating the above steps, the rock shield excavator 1 can efficiently and easily excavate.

[0018]

According to the rock excavation method and the rock shield excavator of the present invention, even when excavating hard rock without joints and cracks,
The second free surface can be reliably formed by generating cracks due to the leading hole and drilling by the drilling means installed in the rock shield machine, and the cutting edge of the roller bit can easily crush the rock. It became possible to excavate in the bedrock efficiently and in a short time.

[0019]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a rock shield excavator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view illustrating a rock shield excavator according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rock shield excavator 2 Crushing means 3 Drilling means 4 Cylinder 5 Storage box 6 Face plate 7 Peripheral cutting bit 8 Main cutting bit 9 Partition wall 10 Face plate rotating shaft 11 Driver 12 Subsequent pipe

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] In a method for excavating a rock shield excavator while excavating rock by rotating a face plate positioned at the tip of a rock shield excavator, the face plate is positioned at a predetermined position on the face plate at the tip of the rock shield excavator. A step of piercing the leading hole into the rock in front of the rock shield excavator by a predetermined length by operating the piercing means equipped so as to be able to be stored at the rear, and installing a plurality of crushing means after storing the piercing means in the face plate. A rock excavation method comprising: a step of crushing and excavating a rock by a length of a preceding hole by rotating a provided face plate; and excavating a shield excavator in the rock by sequentially repeating the above steps. 2. A rock excavator for excavating rock by rotating a face plate located at the tip of a rock shield excavator, wherein a face plate provided with a plurality of crushing means is provided on a front surface of the tip of the rock shield excavator; A rock shield excavator, comprising: a rock drill in front of a rock shield excavator at a predetermined position of a face plate, and a drilling means provided so as to be able to store a preceding hole in a rock of a predetermined length and to be stowable behind the face plate. Machine.