CN110924956A - Tunnel shield tunneling method containing boulder and bedrock raised stratum - Google Patents
Tunnel shield tunneling method containing boulder and bedrock raised stratum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110924956A CN110924956A CN201911328865.XA CN201911328865A CN110924956A CN 110924956 A CN110924956 A CN 110924956A CN 201911328865 A CN201911328865 A CN 201911328865A CN 110924956 A CN110924956 A CN 110924956A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- boulder
- shield
- bedrock
- stratum
- blasting
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel shield tunneling method comprising a completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and a bedrock bulge section, wherein a targeted tunneling method is respectively provided for the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and the bedrock bulge section, the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum adopts a construction method of detection and post-treatment, and the seabed bedrock bulge section adopts a method of blasting in sea and grouting reinforcement for construction; the invention greatly reduces the damage probability of the cutter head and the shield main bearing, basically eliminates the influence on shield tunneling and realizes the safe and smooth shield construction of the submarine tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a special stratum treatment method in shield construction, in particular to a tunnel shield tunneling method for a stratum containing boulders and bedrock bulges.
Background
The spherical weathered body (boulder) has great influence on shield construction, and the boulder is easy to roll along with the cutter head when the shield is propelled, so that the tunneling of the cutter head is hindered; meanwhile, the existence of the boulder can cause that the shield attitude and the tunneling direction are difficult to control, the cutter head is worn to reduce the strength and the rigidity of the cutter head so as not to tunnel, the stress of the cutter head is uneven so as to cause the damage of a main bearing or the damage of sealing, and the cutter head is damaged. In addition, during the tunnel shield construction process, hard boulders or bedrock bulges are often invaded into the shield tunneling route, if the shield tunneling is directly carried out, the shield cutterhead is easily damaged, danger is generated, the construction period is delayed, and therefore the special stratum is often required to be treated in advance to ensure the safety and high efficiency of the shield operation in the stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to ensure the safety and high efficiency of shield construction in the boulder and bedrock raised stratum, ensure that slurry leakage and collapse do not occur during the operation of a shield machine and improve the safety of the construction process, the invention provides a tunnel shield tunneling method comprising the boulder and the bedrock raised stratum, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the special stratum comprises a completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and a bedrock raised stratum, wherein the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum adopts a construction method of detection and post-treatment, and the bedrock raised section adopts a construction method of drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement; the detection of the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum is a composite detection method of an electromagnetic wave tomography method and an acoustic wave tomography method; the drilling blasting adopts a hectometer drill to blast holes from the ground to the top surface of a basement rock bulge, then a caterpillar anchoring machine is used for taking the holes of the basement rock in the shield line, PVC protection pipes are arranged in the blasting holes, then emulsion explosive is filled in the blasting holes, then overhead protection and heavy object pressing covers are carried out on the blasting holes, and finally the blasting is carried out.
The construction method of the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) boulder detection:
the boulder exploration is carried out by adopting methods such as advanced geological geophysical prospecting, advanced geological drilling or reconnaissance drilling and the like so as to accurately explore the distribution condition of the boulders of the shield tunnel as far as possible and avoid the obstruction of shield tunneling caused by insufficient exploration;
(2) the treatment scheme is as follows:
in the shield tunneling construction process, a composite detection system of shield electromagnetic wave tomography and ultrasonic tomography is used for monitoring the change in front of the tunnel face constantly, so that the boulder can be accurately and timely found in advance, and corresponding measures are adopted according to conditions;
if the boulders are found to be the top suspension boulder group, a pilot hole is arranged in the boulder group in the shield tunnel, and the boulder group is reinforced by grouting through the pilot hole, so that prevention is realized;
if the boulder is positioned on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is good, the cutter head of the shield machine does not rotate along with the boulder when rotating, the shield tunneling parameters are optimized to directly break and pass through;
if the boulder is on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is poor, and the boulder is easy to rotate along with the cutter head, a pretreatment measure is adopted and then tunneling is carried out, wherein the pretreatment measure is as follows: when ground operation conditions are not available, grouting and reinforcing the soil layer around the boulder in the hole, or freezing the soil body around the boulder into a frozen soil structure by using a freezing device of the shield tunneling machine; when the ground operation condition is met, blasting treatment can be adopted, the size of the block diameter of the blasted rock is required to be 40-50 cm, and grouting reinforcement is carried out on the gap of the blasted body.
Further, if the boulder is located on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is good, the boulder is cut into small blocks by using a water jet cutter of the shield machine, and then shield tunneling parameters are optimized to be directly broken and passed through.
The shield tunneling method of the bedrock raised section comprises the following steps: the construction method adopting the drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out detailed geological survey on the raised section of the bedrock, and determining the range and the position of the raised section of the bedrock;
(2) according to the position of the basement rock bulge determined by investigation, drilling a lead hole on the ground by using a drilling machine, leading an explosive into the hole through a special PVC pipe, performing blasting treatment outside the hole, controlling the particle size of the blasted rock to be 40-50 cm, and grouting and plugging the gap of a blasted body to ensure the pressure maintaining when the shield tunneling passes;
(3) drilling a hole from the ground to a soft soil stratum on the upper part of the hard rock, and adopting a sleeve valve pipe to perform grouting reinforcement on the soft soil stratum, wherein the reinforcement range is 6m from the top surface of the hard rock to the top surface of the tunnel structure;
(4) after grouting reinforcement, the strength and self-stability of a soft soil body are improved, and the soil body is prevented from collapsing under the disturbance of a shield cutter head;
(5) the shield machine is provided with a normal-pressure cutter head, so that the cutter can directly break the gasified granite and the shield can directly tunnel through the granite;
(6) the cutter of the shield machine is designed and configured with a heavy wear-resistant cutter, and the shield machine has the capability of directly excavating and breaking medium and slightly weathered granite; and (4) establishing a targeted tool changing scheme according to the projection of the bedrock, and reserving enough spare tools.
The invention provides a tunnel shield tunneling method aiming at a geological structure comprising a completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and a bedrock convex section, and respectively provides a targeted tunneling method for the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and the bedrock convex section, so that the damage probability of a cutter head and a shield main bearing is greatly reduced, the influence on the shield tunneling is basically eliminated, and the safe and smooth tunnel shield construction is realized.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the above objects, features and advantages more apparent and understandable.
The special stratum comprises a completely weathered granite boulder development stratum and a bedrock raised stratum, wherein the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum adopts a construction method of detection and post-treatment, and the bedrock raised section adopts a construction method of drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement; the detection of the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum is a composite detection method of an electromagnetic wave tomography method and an ultrasonic wave tomography method; the drilling blasting adopts a hectometer drill to blast holes from the ground to the top surface of a basement rock bulge, then a caterpillar anchoring machine is used for taking the holes of the basement rock in the shield line, PVC protection pipes are arranged in the blasting holes, then emulsion explosive is filled in the blasting holes, then overhead protection and heavy object pressing covers are carried out on the blasting holes, and finally the blasting is carried out.
The construction method of the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) boulder detection:
the boulder exploration is carried out by adopting methods such as advanced geological geophysical prospecting, advanced geological drilling or reconnaissance drilling and the like so as to accurately explore the distribution condition of the boulders of the shield tunnel as far as possible and avoid the obstruction of shield tunneling caused by insufficient exploration;
(2) the treatment scheme is as follows:
in the shield tunneling construction process, a composite detection system of shield electromagnetic wave tomography and ultrasonic tomography is used for monitoring the change in front of the tunnel face constantly, so that the boulder is found in advance, and corresponding measures are adopted according to the situation;
if the boulders are found to be the top suspension boulder group, a pilot hole is arranged in the boulder group in the shield tunnel, and the boulder group is subjected to grouting reinforcement by the pilot hole, so that the boulders above the tunnel are prevented from falling into the front of the cutter head, and the shield tunneling is ensured to be smoothly carried out;
if the boulder is positioned on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is good, the cutter head of the shield machine does not rotate along with the boulder when rotating, the shield tunneling parameters are optimized to directly break and pass through;
if the boulder is on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is poor, and the boulder is easy to rotate along with the cutter head, a pretreatment measure is adopted and then tunneling is carried out, wherein the pretreatment measure is as follows: when ground operation conditions are not available, grouting and reinforcing the soil layer around the boulder in the hole, or freezing the soil body around the boulder into a frozen soil structure by using a freezing device of the shield tunneling machine; when the ground operation condition is met, blasting treatment can be adopted, the size of the block diameter of the blasted rock is required to be 40-50 cm, and grouting reinforcement is carried out on the gap of the blasted body.
Further, if the boulder is located on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is good, the boulder is cut into small blocks by using a water jet cutter of the shield machine, and then shield tunneling parameters are optimized to be directly broken and passed through.
The shield tunneling method of the bedrock raised section comprises the following steps: the construction method adopting the drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out detailed geological survey on the raised section of the bedrock, and determining the range and the position of the raised section of the bedrock;
(2) according to the position of the basement rock bulge determined by investigation, drilling a lead hole on the ground by using a drilling machine, leading an explosive into the hole through a special PVC pipe, performing blasting treatment outside the hole, controlling the particle size of the blasted rock to be 40-50 cm, and grouting and plugging the gap of a blasted body to ensure the pressure maintaining when the shield tunneling passes;
(3) drilling a hole from the ground to a soft soil stratum on the upper part of the hard rock, and adopting a sleeve valve pipe to perform grouting reinforcement on the soft soil stratum, wherein the reinforcement range is 6m from the top surface of the hard rock to the top surface of the tunnel structure;
(4) after grouting reinforcement, the strength and self-stability of a soft soil body are improved, and the soil body is prevented from collapsing under the disturbance of a shield cutter head;
(5) the shield machine is provided with a normal-pressure cutter head, so that the cutter can directly break the gasified granite and the shield can directly tunnel through the granite;
(6) the cutter of the shield machine is designed and configured with a heavy wear-resistant cutter, and the shield machine has the capability of directly excavating and breaking medium and slightly weathered granite; and (4) establishing a targeted tool changing scheme according to the projection of the bedrock, and reserving enough spare tools.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A tunnel shield tunneling method comprising boulders and bedrock raised strata, the strata include the whole weathering granite boulder development stratum and the bedrock raised strata, characterized by that, in the tunneling method, the whole weathering granite boulder development stratum adopts the construction method of detecting first and then treating, the bedrock raised section adopts the construction method of drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement; the detection of the completely weathered granite boulder development stratum is a composite detection method of an electromagnetic wave tomography method and an acoustic wave tomography method; the drilling blasting adopts a hectometer drill to blast holes from the ground to the top surface of a basement rock bulge, then a track anchoring machine is used for taking the holes of the basement rock in the shield line, a protection pipe is arranged in the blasting holes, then explosives are filled in the blasting holes, then overhead protection and heavy object gland are carried out on the blasting holes, and finally the blasting holes are detonated.
2. The method for tunneling a tunnel shield comprising the boulder and the bedrock raised formation according to claim 1, characterized in that the construction method of the completely weathered granite boulder developed formation specifically comprises:
(1) boulder detection
The boulder exploration is carried out by adopting methods such as advanced geological geophysical prospecting, advanced geological drilling or reconnaissance drilling and the like so as to accurately explore the distribution condition of the boulders of the shield tunnel as far as possible and avoid the obstruction of shield tunneling caused by insufficient exploration;
(2) treatment protocol
In the shield tunneling construction process, a composite detection system of shield electromagnetic wave tomography and ultrasonic tomography is used for monitoring the change in front of the tunnel face constantly, so that the boulder is found in advance, and corresponding measures are adopted according to the situation;
if the boulders are found to be the top suspension boulder group, a pilot hole is arranged in the boulder group in the shield tunnel, and the boulder group is reinforced by grouting through the pilot hole;
if the boulder is positioned on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is good, the cutter head of the shield machine does not rotate along with the boulder when rotating, the shield tunneling parameters are optimized to directly break and pass through;
if the boulder is on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is poor, and the boulder is easy to rotate along with the cutter head, a pretreatment measure is adopted and then tunneling is carried out, wherein the pretreatment measure is as follows: when ground operation conditions are not available, grouting in the hole to reinforce the soil layer around the boulder; when the ground operation condition is met, blasting treatment can be adopted to carry out grouting reinforcement on the gap of the blasting body.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein if the boulder is on the shield road and the stratum around the boulder is better, the boulder is first cut into small pieces by a water jet cutter of the shield machine, and then shield tunneling parameters are optimized to directly break through.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the pre-treatment comprises: when the ground operation condition is not met, the soil around the boulder is frozen into a frozen soil structure by using a freezing device of the shield tunneling machine.
5. The method of any one of claim 1, wherein the method of shield tunneling of the raised section of bedrock is as follows: the construction method adopting the drilling blasting and grouting reinforcement comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out detailed geological survey on the raised section of the bedrock, and determining the range and the position of the raised section of the bedrock;
(2) according to the determined position of the bedrock bulge by investigation, drilling a lead hole on the ground by using a drilling machine, introducing an explosive into the hole through a special PVC pipe, performing blasting treatment outside the hole, and grouting and plugging a gap of a blasting body to ensure pressure maintaining when the shield tunneling passes;
(3) drilling a hole from the ground to a soft soil stratum on the upper part of the hard rock, and grouting and reinforcing the soft soil stratum by adopting a sleeve valve pipe;
(4) after grouting reinforcement, the strength and self-stability of a soft soil body are improved, and the soil body is prevented from collapsing under the disturbance of a shield cutter head;
(5) the shield machine is provided with a normal-pressure cutter head, so that the cutter can directly break the gasified granite and the shield can directly tunnel through the granite;
(6) the cutter of the shield machine is designed and configured with a heavy wear-resistant cutter, and the shield machine has the capability of directly excavating and breaking medium and slightly weathered granite; and (4) establishing a targeted tool changing scheme according to the projection of the bedrock, and reserving enough spare tools.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911328865.XA CN110924956A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Tunnel shield tunneling method containing boulder and bedrock raised stratum |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911328865.XA CN110924956A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Tunnel shield tunneling method containing boulder and bedrock raised stratum |
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| CN110924956A true CN110924956A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| CN201911328865.XA Pending CN110924956A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Tunnel shield tunneling method containing boulder and bedrock raised stratum |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112145191A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Slurry shield auxiliary tunneling method for bedrock raised stratum |
| CN112302675A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江科技学院 | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking device for shield tunneling of composite stratum |
| CN112302676A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江科技学院 | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking method for shield tunneling of composite stratum |
| CN112819200A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 沧州市公路工程监理中心 | Safety prediction method for stratum boulder pair overlying independent foundation in shield machine construction |
| CN113107498A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Construction method for tunnel passing through partially invaded rock stratum by shield method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112145191A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-29 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Slurry shield auxiliary tunneling method for bedrock raised stratum |
| CN112145191B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-07-19 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Slurry shield auxiliary tunneling method for bed rock raised stratum |
| CN112302675A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江科技学院 | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking device for shield tunneling of composite stratum |
| CN112302676A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江科技学院 | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking method for shield tunneling of composite stratum |
| CN112302676B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江科技学院 | Hydraulic telescopic type advanced electric blasting rock breaking method for shield tunneling of composite stratum |
| CN112819200A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 沧州市公路工程监理中心 | Safety prediction method for stratum boulder pair overlying independent foundation in shield machine construction |
| CN113107498A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Construction method for tunnel passing through partially invaded rock stratum by shield method |
| CN113107498B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-03-08 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Construction method for shield tunnel to penetrate through local invasive rock stratum |
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