JP2014214476A - Tatami - Google Patents
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- JP2014214476A JP2014214476A JP2013091849A JP2013091849A JP2014214476A JP 2014214476 A JP2014214476 A JP 2014214476A JP 2013091849 A JP2013091849 A JP 2013091849A JP 2013091849 A JP2013091849 A JP 2013091849A JP 2014214476 A JP2014214476 A JP 2014214476A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
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- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、調湿性能、消臭性能などに優れた畳に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a tatami mat excellent in humidity control performance, deodorization performance, and the like.
従来から使用されてきた稲わらの畳床に替えて、インシュレーションボードやポリスチレンフォーム板、或いはインシュレーションボードとポリスチレンフォーム板の積層体などからなる畳床（建材畳床）を用いた畳が広く普及している。この種の畳は、軽量で防音性や断熱性にも優れているが、調湿性能（吸湿・放湿性能）や消臭性能はあまり期待できない。 Tatami mats that use tatami floors (building material tatami floors) composed of insulation boards, polystyrene foam boards, or laminates of insulation boards and polystyrene foam boards, instead of the traditional rice straw mat floors, are widely used. It is popular. This type of tatami mat is lightweight and has excellent soundproofing and heat insulation properties, but it cannot be expected to have humidity control performance (moisture absorption / moisture release performance) or deodorization performance.
建材畳床を用いた畳の調湿性能や消臭性能を高めるための技術として、特許文献１には、畳床の表面に、特定の人工ゼオライト粉体を含み、連続気泡構造と多数の蒸散孔を有するゴム又は樹脂塗着層を形成した畳が示されている。また、特許文献２には、畳床に炭材を内蔵させた畳が示されている。
As a technique for improving the humidity control performance and deodorizing performance of tatami mats using a building material tatami floor,
しかし、特許文献１に示される畳は、製造コストが高いだけでなく、畳床の表面にゴム又は樹脂塗着層を形成するのに手間と時間がかかる難点がある。また、特許文献２に示される畳も製造コストが高く、また、使用中にかかる荷重によって畳床に内蔵された炭材が粉化し、畳の表面に浮き出して汚れを生じるなどの問題がある。
However, the tatami mat disclosed in
したがって本発明の目的は、以上のような従来技術の課題を解決し、調湿性能、消臭性能などに優れ、しかも製造が容易で且つ安価に製造することができる畳を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a tatami mat that can solve the above-described problems of the prior art, is excellent in humidity control performance, deodorization performance, and the like, is easy to manufacture, and can be manufactured at low cost. .
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため検討を重ねた結果、畳表に接する畳床の最上層に特定のマット状短繊維集合体を配することにより、上記課題を解決できることを見出した。
本発明は、このような知見に基づきなされたもので、以下を要旨とする。
As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by arranging a specific mat-like short fiber aggregate in the uppermost layer of the tatami floor in contact with the tatami surface.
This invention is made | formed based on such knowledge, and makes the following a summary.
［1］畳表（Ａ）と接する畳床（Ｂ）の最上層が、密度が０．０２ｇ／ｃｍ３以上のマット状の短繊維集合体（ｆ）で構成され、
該短繊維集合体（ｆ）は、マトリックス繊維である羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維と、熱接着性繊維とを混綿し、熱処理により熱接着性繊維を溶融させ、その溶融物によりマトリックス繊維の繊維接点を接着させて得られたものであることを特徴とする畳。
［2］上記［1］の畳において、短繊維集合体（ｆ）は、羊毛（ｘ）と中空ポリエステル繊維（ｙ）の質量比（ｘ）／（ｙ）が１０／９０〜４０／６０であることを特徴とする畳。
[1] The uppermost layer of the tatami floor (B) in contact with the tatami mat (A) is composed of a mat-like short fiber aggregate (f) having a density of 0.02 g / cm 3 or more,
The short fiber aggregate (f) is a mixture of wool and hollow polyester fibers, which are matrix fibers, and heat-adhesive fibers. The heat-adhesive fibers are melted by heat treatment, and the fiber contacts of the matrix fibers are formed by the melt. A tatami mat that is obtained by bonding.
[2] In the tatami mat of [1], the short fiber aggregate (f) has a mass ratio (x) / (y) of wool (x) to hollow polyester fiber (y) of 10/90 to 40/60. A tatami mat characterized by being.
［3］上記［1］又は［2］の畳において、短繊維集合体（ｆ）の原料となるマトリックス繊維（ｍ）と熱接着性繊維（ｎ）の質量比（ｍ）／（ｎ）が２０／８０〜８０／２０であることを特徴とする畳。
［4］上記［1］〜［3］のいずれかの畳において、畳床（Ｂ）は、最上層である短繊維集合体（ｆ）を除く畳床本体が、建材畳床又はわらサンド畳床であることを特徴とする畳。
［5］上記［1］〜［4］のいずれかの畳において、畳床（Ｂ）の最上層である短繊維集合体（ｆ）の厚さが２〜１５ｍｍであることを特徴とする畳。
[3] In the tatami mat of [1] or [2] above, the mass ratio (m) / (n) of the matrix fiber (m) and the heat-adhesive fiber (n) as the raw material of the short fiber aggregate (f) is A tatami mat characterized by being 20/80 to 80/20.
[4] In the tatami mats according to any one of [1] to [3] above, the tatami floor (B) is a tatami floor body excluding the short fiber aggregate (f) which is the uppermost layer. The tatami mat is characterized by being a floor.
[5] In the tatami mats according to any one of [1] to [4], the thickness of the short fiber aggregate (f) that is the uppermost layer of the tatami floor (B) is 2 to 15 mm. .
本発明の畳は、畳床（Ｂ）の最上層に設けた短繊維集合体（ｆ）が高度の調湿機能と消臭機能・ＶＯＣ吸着除去機能を有するため、優れた調湿性能と消臭性能・ＶＯＣ吸着除去性能を有している。このため、畳内部や室内の湿度を適正なレベルに維持できるとともに、室内で発生する悪臭やＶＯＣを効果的に取り除くことができる。また、短繊維集合体（ｆ）には断熱性能があるため、特に冬場での断熱効果が期待でき、また、短繊維集合体（ｆ）はクッション性が高いため、踏み心地、座り心地や寝心地の良い畳とすることができる。さらに、短繊維集合体（ｆ）にはクッション性と制振作用があるため、床衝撃音の緩和効果、室内で発生する音の吸音効果も得られる。また、本発明の畳は、畳床（Ｂ）の最上層に短繊維集合体（ｆ）の層を設けるだけでよいため、製造が容易で且つ安価に製造することができる。 In the tatami mat of the present invention, the short fiber aggregate (f) provided in the uppermost layer of the tatami floor (B) has a high humidity control function, a deodorizing function, and a VOC adsorption / removal function. It has odor performance and VOC adsorption removal performance. For this reason, while being able to maintain the humidity inside a tatami mat or a room at an appropriate level, the bad smell and VOC which generate | occur | produce indoors can be removed effectively. In addition, since the short fiber aggregate (f) has a heat insulating performance, it can be expected to have a heat insulating effect especially in winter, and the short fiber aggregate (f) has a high cushioning property, so that it is comfortable to step on, sit and sleep. Can be a good tatami mat. Furthermore, since the short fiber aggregate (f) has cushioning properties and vibration damping action, it can also provide a floor impact sound mitigating effect and a sound absorbing effect for sound generated indoors. Moreover, since the tatami mat of the present invention only needs to be provided with the layer of the short fiber aggregate (f) on the uppermost layer of the tatami floor (B), the tatami mat is easy to manufacture and can be manufactured at low cost.
本発明の畳は、畳表Ａと接する畳床Ｂの最上層が、特定の構成・密度を有するマット状の短繊維集合体ｆで構成されることを特徴とする。
図１は本発明の畳の一実施形態を示す縦断面図であり、畳は芯材となる畳床Ｂと、この畳床Ｂの上面全体と側端面の一部又は全部を覆う畳表Ａとからなる。
畳表Ａの種類は任意であり、例えば、い草などの天然植物素材を敷物状に編んだもの、合成繊維を敷物状に編んだもの、合成樹脂の表面に畳目を型押ししたもの、などが使用できる。調湿性能や消臭性能などの面からは、い草などの天然植物素材を編んだものが最も好ましい。
The tatami mat of the present invention is characterized in that the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B in contact with the tatami surface A is composed of a mat-like short fiber assembly f having a specific configuration and density.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the tatami mat of the present invention. The tatami mat is a tatami floor B serving as a core material, and a tatami table A covering the entire upper surface and a part or all of the side end surfaces of the tatami floor B. Consists of.
The type of tatami mat A is arbitrary, for example, a natural plant material such as weed knitted into a rug, a synthetic fiber knitted into a rug, a tatami mat embossed on the surface of a synthetic resin, etc. Can be used. From the aspect of humidity control performance and deodorization performance, a material knitted from natural plant materials such as grass is most preferable.
畳床Ｂの最上層（短繊維集合体ｆ）を除く畳床本体の種類も任意であり、例えば、本畳床（わら床）、建材畳床、わらサンド畳床などを適用できる。
ここで、建材畳床とは、稲わら以外の材料で構成される１層〜数層構造の畳床のことであり、例えば、インシュレーションボード（木質繊維板）又はポリスチレンフォーム板の単層で構成されるもの、本実施形態のようにインシュレーションボードとポリスチレンフォーム板を重ねたもの、上下のインシュレーションボードでポリスチレンフォーム板を挟んだもの、ポリスチレンフォーム板に薄いベニヤ板を張ったもの、ＭＤＦやハードボードにポリエチレン発泡シートなどからなる積層シートを重ねたもの、などがある。なお、インシュレーションボードとは、木材チップを圧縮成形して得られる板材である。
また、わらサンド畳床とは、上下の稲わらで他の材料（例えば、インシュレーションボード又は／及びポリスチレンフォーム板）を挟んだ畳床である。
The type of the tatami floor body excluding the uppermost layer (short fiber aggregate f) of the tatami floor B is also arbitrary. For example, a main tatami floor (straw floor), a building material tatami floor, a straw sand tatami floor, and the like can be applied.
Here, the building material tatami floor is a tatami floor having a one-layer to several-layer structure composed of a material other than rice straw. For example, it is a single layer of an insulation board (wood fiberboard) or a polystyrene foam board. Consists of, a laminate of an insulation board and a polystyrene foam board as in the present embodiment, a sandwich of polystyrene foam boards with upper and lower insulation boards, a thin foam veneer on a polystyrene foam board, MDF and For example, a hard board laminated with a laminated sheet made of a polyethylene foam sheet or the like. The insulation board is a plate material obtained by compression molding wood chips.
Moreover, a straw sand tatami floor is a tatami floor which sandwiched other materials (for example, an insulation board or / and a polystyrene foam board) with the upper and lower rice straw.
本実施形態の最上層（短繊維集合体ｆ）を除く畳床本体は建材畳床であり、この建材畳床は上層側がインシュレーションボードｂ1（木質繊維板）、下層側がポリスチレンフォーム板ｂ2でそれぞれ構成されている。この建材畳床のなかで、上層側を構成するインシュレーションボードｂ1は調湿性能に優れ、下層側を構成するポリスチレンフォーム板ｂ2は断熱性能に優れており、この建材畳床は、両材料の性能が複合的に得られる利点がある。
本実施形態において、上記インシュレーションボードｂ1とポリスチレンフォーム板ｂ2の厚さに特別な制限はないが、上記各性能面と畳全体の厚さからして、通常、インシュレーションボードｂ1の厚さは１０〜１５ｍｍ程度、ポリスチレンフォーム板ｂ2の厚さは１５〜４０ｍｍ程度が適当である。
The tatami floor body excluding the uppermost layer (short fiber aggregate f) of the present embodiment is a building material tatami floor, and this building material tatami floor is an insulation board b1 (wood fiberboard) on the upper layer side and a polystyrene foam board b2 on the lower layer side. It is configured. Among these building material tatami floors, the insulation board b1 constituting the upper layer side is excellent in humidity control performance, and the polystyrene foam board b2 constituting the lower layer side is excellent in heat insulation performance. There is an advantage that performance can be obtained in combination.
In the present embodiment, there is no particular limitation on the thickness of the insulation board b1 and the polystyrene foam board b2, but the thickness of the insulation board b1 is usually determined from the thickness of each performance surface and the entire tatami mat. A thickness of about 10 to 15 mm and a thickness of the polystyrene foam plate b2 are suitably about 15 to 40 mm.
また、畳床Ｂは、下記のような置き畳仕様の比較的薄いもの（建材畳床）であってもよい。
・短繊維集合体ｆ（厚さ３ｍｍ）−ＭＤＦ（厚さ５．５ｍｍ）−ポリエチレン発泡シート・ポリエチレンフィルムなどを積層させた積層シート（商品名「エサノン」，厚さ３ｍｍ）−滑り止め不織布シート（厚さ２ｍｍ）
・短繊維集合体ｆ（厚さ３ｍｍ）−ハードボード（厚さ２ｍｍ）−ポリエチレン発泡シート・ポリエチレンフィルムなどを積層させた積層シート（商品名「エサノン」，厚さ３ｍｍ）−滑り止め不織布シート（厚さ２ｍｍ）
Further, the tatami floor B may be a relatively thin one (building material tatami floor) having the following tatami mat specifications.
Short fiber aggregate f (
・ Short fiber aggregate f (
本発明では、畳表Ａと接する畳床Ｂの最上層が、密度が０．０２ｇ／ｃｍ３以上のマット状の短繊維集合体ｆで構成される。この短繊維集合体ｆは、マトリックス繊維である羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維と、熱接着性繊維とを混綿し、熱処理により熱接着性繊維を溶融させ、その溶融物によりマトリックス繊維の繊維接点を接着させて得られたものである。
畳床Ｂの最上層として設けられた状態での短繊維集合体ｆは、畳表Ａと畳床本体に挟まれることで若干圧縮された状態になる場合があるが、短繊維集合体ｆの上記密度（０．０２ｇ／ｃｍ３以上）は、このように畳の一部として設けられた状態での密度である。
In the present invention, the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B in contact with the tatami mat A is composed of mat-like short fiber aggregates f having a density of 0.02 g / cm 3 or more. This short fiber aggregate f is a mixture of wool and hollow polyester fibers, which are matrix fibers, and heat-adhesive fibers. The heat-adhesive fibers are melted by heat treatment, and the fiber contacts of the matrix fibers are adhered by the melt. It was obtained.
The short fiber aggregate f in the state provided as the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B may be in a slightly compressed state by being sandwiched between the tatami mat A and the tatami floor main body. The density (0.02 g / cm 3 or more) is a density in a state where it is provided as a part of the tatami mat.
畳床Ｂの最上層を構成する短繊維集合体ｆの密度が小さすぎると、所望の性能（調湿性能、消臭性能など）を得るために短繊維集合体ｆの厚さを大きくする必要があるが、この場合には畳床の構成部材として必要な固さが不十分となる。このため畳床Ｂの最上層を構成する短繊維集合体ｆの密度は０．０２ｇ／ｃｍ３以上とする。また、この観点から短繊維集合体ｆの好ましい密度は０．０６ｇ／ｃｍ３以上である。一方、畳床Ｂの最上層を構成する短繊維集合体ｆの密度が大きすぎると、適度な弾力性に乏しくなる。このため、畳床Ｂの最上層を構成する短繊維集合体ｆの密度は０．１５ｇ／ｃｍ３以下が好ましく、０．１２ｇ／ｃｍ３以下がより好ましい。 If the density of the short fiber aggregate f constituting the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B is too small, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the short fiber aggregate f in order to obtain desired performance (humidity control performance, deodorizing performance, etc.). However, in this case, the hardness required as a constituent member of the tatami floor becomes insufficient. For this reason, the density of the short fiber aggregate f constituting the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B is set to 0.02 g / cm 3 or more. From this viewpoint, the preferred density of the short fiber aggregate f is 0.06 g / cm 3 or more. On the other hand, if the density of the short fiber aggregates f constituting the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B is too large, the elasticity becomes insufficient. Therefore, the density of the short fiber assembly f constituting the uppermost layer is preferably from 0.15 g / cm 3 of Tatamiyuka B, 0.12 g / cm 3 or less is more preferable.
短繊維集合体ｆにおいて、マトリックス繊維である羊毛と中空ポリエステル繊維の割合は特に制限はないが、上述した羊毛と中空ポリエステル繊維による調湿性能と消臭性能をバランスよく得るという面からは、羊毛と中空ポリエステル繊維の割合を最適化することが好ましく、羊毛ｘと中空ポリエステル繊維ｙの質量比ｘ／ｙは１０／９０〜４０／６０程度であることが好ましく、１０／９０〜３０／７０程度であることがより好ましい。 In the short fiber aggregate f, the ratio of the wool and the hollow polyester fiber which are matrix fibers is not particularly limited, but in terms of obtaining a good balance between the humidity control performance and the deodorizing performance of the wool and the hollow polyester fiber described above, the wool It is preferable to optimize the ratio of the hollow polyester fiber and the mass ratio x / y of the wool x and the hollow polyester fiber y is preferably about 10/90 to 40/60, and about 10/90 to 30/70. It is more preferable that
また、短繊維集合体ｆにおいて、原料となるマトリックス繊維（羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維）と熱接着性繊維の割合も特に制限はないが、マトリックス繊維と熱接着性繊維のそれぞれの機能を十分に発揮させ、所望の性能を有する短繊維集合体ｆを得るという面からは、マトリックス繊維ｍ（羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維）と熱接着性繊維ｎの質量比ｍ／ｎは２０／８０〜８０／２０であることが好ましく、３０／７０〜６０／４０であることがより好ましい。 In the short fiber aggregate f, the ratio of the matrix fibers (wool and hollow polyester fibers) and the heat-adhesive fibers as raw materials is not particularly limited, but the functions of the matrix fibers and the heat-adhesive fibers are fully exhibited. The mass ratio m / n of the matrix fiber m (wool and hollow polyester fiber) and the thermal adhesive fiber n is 20/80 to 80/20 from the aspect of obtaining the short fiber aggregate f having the desired performance. It is preferable that the ratio is 30/70 to 60/40.
短繊維集合体ｆを構成する羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維の繊維長は、一般に４０〜２１０ｍｍ程度が適当である。
また、短繊維集合体ｆからなる最上層の厚さは、薄すぎると短繊維集合体ｆの諸性能を十分に発揮させることができず、厚すぎると畳のクッション性が過剰になるので、２〜１５ｍｍ程度が好ましく、３〜５ｍｍ程度がより好ましい。
なお、畳床Ｂの最下層には、床下からの湿気を遮蔽するための防湿シートｂ3が設けられている。この防湿シートｂ3は、例えば、織布で補強されたビニールシートなどで構成される。
通常、畳床Ｂの上面全体と側端面の一部又は全部を覆う畳表Ａの端部は、必要に応じて畳床Ｂの底面側に折り返され、縫い付けされることで係止される。また、畳表Ａの外縁の一部又は全部には、必要に応じて畳縁が縫い付けされる。
In general, the fiber length of the wool and the hollow polyester fiber constituting the short fiber aggregate f is suitably about 40 to 210 mm.
In addition, if the thickness of the uppermost layer made of the short fiber aggregate f is too thin, the various performances of the short fiber aggregate f cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and if it is too thick, the cushioning property of the tatami mat is excessive. About 2-15 mm is preferable and about 3-5 mm is more preferable.
In the lowermost layer of the tatami floor B, a moisture-proof sheet b3 for shielding moisture from under the floor is provided. The moisture-proof sheet b3 is composed of, for example, a vinyl sheet reinforced with a woven fabric.
Usually, the end part of the tatami mat A covering the entire upper surface of the tatami floor B and part or all of the side end faces is folded back to the bottom surface side of the tatami floor B as necessary and locked by sewing. In addition, a tatami edge is sewn to a part or all of the outer edge of the tatami mat A as necessary.
短繊維集合体ｆは、マトリックス繊維が羊毛と中空ポリエステル繊維からなり、このうち中空ポリエステル繊維は湿気を高い方から低い方に移動させる作用があり、また、羊毛は湿気を吸放出することにより湿度を調整する作用があることから、高い調湿性能を備えている。このため、畳やその周囲（室内）の湿度が高いときは吸湿し、低いときは放湿することで、畳内部や室内の湿度が自動的に適度なレベルに保たれ、結露も抑えられる。また、この短繊維集合体ｆには、臭気やＶＯＣ（揮発性有機化合物）を吸着できる高い吸着性能があるとともに、吸着された成分（分子）の多くは羊毛により無害な物質に変性させられるため、吸着性能の持続性が高い特徴がある。 In the short fiber aggregate f, the matrix fibers are composed of wool and hollow polyester fibers, and among these, the hollow polyester fibers have an action of moving moisture from the higher to the lower, and the wool absorbs and releases moisture to reduce humidity. Since it has the effect of adjusting the humidity, it has high humidity control performance. For this reason, moisture is absorbed when the humidity of the tatami mat and its surroundings (indoors) is high, and when the humidity is low, moisture inside the tatami mat and the room is automatically maintained at an appropriate level, and condensation is also suppressed. In addition, the short fiber aggregate f has high adsorption performance capable of adsorbing odors and VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and many of the adsorbed components (molecules) are denatured by the wool into harmless substances. , It has the feature of high durability of adsorption performance.
したがって、本発明では、畳床Ｂの最上層に、高い調湿機能と消臭機能・ＶＯＣ吸着除去機能を有する短繊維集合体ｆの層を設けたことにより、調湿性能と消臭性能・ＶＯＣ吸着除去性能に優れた畳とすることができ、特に、室内側に近い部分に短繊維集合体ｆの層を設けることで、室内で発生する悪臭やＶＯＣを吸着しやすく、しかも調湿効果も高められる。また、特に畳表にい草などの天然植物素材を編んだものを用いた場合には、その調湿性能と相俟って畳の調湿性能が効果的に高められ、カビやダニの防止に特に効果がある。 Therefore, in the present invention, the upper layer of the tatami floor B is provided with a layer of the short fiber aggregate f having a high humidity control function, a deodorizing function, and a VOC adsorption / removal function. The tatami mat has excellent VOC adsorption / removal performance. In particular, by providing a layer of short fiber aggregates f near the indoor side, it is easy to absorb bad odors and VOCs generated in the room, and it also has a humidity control effect. Can also be enhanced. In addition, when using knitted natural plant materials such as grass on the tatami surface, the humidity control performance of the tatami mat is effectively enhanced in combination with its humidity control performance, especially for preventing mold and mites. effective.
さらに、短繊維集合体ｆには断熱性能もあるので、特に冬場での断熱効果が期待できる。また、従来では畳表Ａと畳床Ｂとの間に薄い不織布が配される場合があるが、このような不織布とは異なり、上記短繊維集合体ｆはクッション性が高いため、踏み心地、座り心地や寝心地の良い畳とすることができ。さらに、短繊維集合体ｆにはクッション性と制振作用があるため、床衝撃音の緩和効果、室内で発生する音の吸音効果も得られる。 Furthermore, since the short fiber aggregate f also has a heat insulating performance, a heat insulating effect can be expected particularly in winter. Further, conventionally, a thin non-woven fabric may be disposed between the tatami mat A and the tatami floor B. Unlike such a non-woven fabric, the short fiber aggregate f has a high cushioning property. The tatami can be comfortable and comfortable. Furthermore, since the short fiber aggregate f has cushioning properties and vibration damping action, the floor impact sound mitigating effect and the sound absorbing effect of the sound generated in the room can be obtained.
本発明では、畳自体に高度の消臭機能・ＶＯＣ吸着除去機能を付与し、室内で発生する悪臭やＶＯＣ（揮発性有機化合物）を効果的に取り除くことができる。以下に、本発明者らが行った消臭性試験及びＶＯＣ吸着試験の結果を示す。
生活臭には、例えば、生ゴミ臭、タバコ臭、排泄臭、体臭・汗臭などがあるが、これらに含まれるニオイ成分は、それぞれ異なる。例えば、生ゴミ臭に含まれる主たるニオイ成分は、硫化水素、メチルメルカプタン、トリメチルアミン、アンモニアであり、タバコ臭に含まれる主たるニオイ成分は、アンモニア、酢酸、アセトアルデヒド、ピリジン、硫化水素であり、排泄臭に含まれる主たるニオイ成分は、アンモニア、酢酸、メチルメルカプタン、硫化水素、インドールであり、体臭・汗臭に含まれる主たるニオイ成分は、アンモニア、酢酸、イソ吉草酸、ノネナールである。
In the present invention, the tatami mat itself is provided with an advanced deodorizing function and VOC adsorption / removal function, so that bad odors and VOC (volatile organic compounds) generated indoors can be effectively removed. The results of the deodorization test and VOC adsorption test conducted by the present inventors are shown below.
Living odors include, for example, garbage odor, tobacco odor, excretion odor, body odor, sweat odor, and the like, but the odor components contained therein are different. For example, the main odor components contained in garbage odor are hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine, and ammonia, and the main odor components contained in tobacco odor are ammonia, acetic acid, acetaldehyde, pyridine, and hydrogen sulfide. The main odor components contained in are ammonia, acetic acid, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, and indole, and the main odor components contained in body odor and sweat odor are ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, and nonenal.
本発明者が短繊維集合体ｆの消臭性能を調査したところ、特に、アンモニア、酢酸、イソ吉草酸、インドールなどのニオイ成分に対しては、非常に高い吸着性能を発揮することが判った。また、他のニオイ成分についても、ある程度の吸着性能を有することが判った。
表１は、本発明の畳に使用する短繊維集合体ｆ（羊毛ｘと中空ポリエステル繊維ｙの質量比ｘ／ｙが２５／７５、密度が０．１０ｇ／ｃｍ３）について、消臭性試験を実施した結果を示している。
When the present inventor investigated the deodorizing performance of the short fiber aggregate f, it was found that the odor components such as ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, and indole exhibited very high adsorption performance. . In addition, other odor components were found to have a certain level of adsorption performance.
Table 1 shows a deodorizing test for the short fiber aggregate f (wool x / hollow polyester fiber y mass ratio x / y 25/75, density 0.10 g / cm 3 ) used in the tatami mat of the present invention. The result of having carried out is shown.
機器分析は、アンモニア、酢酸、硫化水素、ピリジン、メチルメルカプタン、アセトアルデヒド、トリメチルアミンについては検知管法で、イソ吉草酸、ノネナール、インドールについてはガスクロマトグラフィー法で、それぞれ行った。
試験方法は「（社）繊維評価技術協議会 機器分析実施マニュアル（検知管法、ガスクロマトグラフィー法）」に従い、初期ガス濃度は、アンモニア：１００ｐｐｍ、酢酸：５０ｐｐｍ、硫化水素：４ｐｐｍ、ピリジン：１２ｐｐｍ、メチルメルカプタン：８ｐｐｍ、アセトアルデヒド：１４ｐｐｍ、トリメチルアミン：２８ｐｐｍ、イソ吉草酸：約３８ｐｐｍ、ノネナール：約１４ｐｐｍ、インドール：約３３ｐｐｍとし、測定時間は２時間、試料サイズは検知管法が２．４ｇ、ガスクロマトグラフィー法は１．２ｇとした。
表１によれば、特に、アンモニア、酢酸、イソ吉草酸、インドールについて、吸着による高い減少率が得られている。
The instrumental analysis was performed by a detector tube method for ammonia, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, pyridine, methyl mercaptan, acetaldehyde, and trimethylamine, and by gas chromatography for isovaleric acid, nonenal, and indole, respectively.
The test method is in accordance with “(F) Fiber Evaluation Technology Council, Instrument Analysis Implementation Manual (Detector Tube Method, Gas Chromatography Method)”. Initial gas concentrations are: ammonia: 100 ppm, acetic acid: 50 ppm, hydrogen sulfide: 4 ppm, pyridine: 12 ppm , Methyl mercaptan: 8 ppm, acetaldehyde: 14 ppm, trimethylamine: 28 ppm, isovaleric acid: about 38 ppm, nonenal: about 14 ppm, indole: about 33 ppm, measurement time is 2 hours, sample size is 2.4 g for the detector tube method, gas The chromatographic method was 1.2 g.
According to Table 1, particularly for ammonia, acetic acid, isovaleric acid, and indole, high reduction rates due to adsorption are obtained.
次に、表１の消臭性試験で使用した短繊維集合体ｆを畳床Ｂの最上層に適用した本発明の畳について、消臭性試験を実施した。試験に供した畳（試料サイズ１００ｃｍ２）は、図１に示す構造を有するとともに、畳表がい草からなるものである。表２に、その試験結果を示す。
試験方法は「（社）繊維評価技術協議会 機器分析実施マニュアル（検知管法）」に従い、初期ガス濃度は、アンモニア：１００ｐｐｍ、酢酸：５０ｐｐｍ、メチルメルカプタン：８ｐｐｍ、硫化水素：４ｐｐｍ、ピリジン：１２ｐｐｍ、アセトアルデヒド：１４ｐｐｍ、トリメチルアミン：２８ｐｐｍとし、測定時間は２時間とした。
Next, the deodorizing property test was implemented about the tatami of this invention which applied the short fiber aggregate f used for the deodorizing property test of Table 1 to the uppermost layer of the tatami floor B. The tatami mat (sample size 100 cm 2 ) used for the test has the structure shown in FIG. 1 and is composed of tatami mats. Table 2 shows the test results.
The test method is in accordance with the “(Technical) Fiber Evaluation Technology Council Instrument Analysis Implementation Manual (Detection Tube Method)”, and the initial gas concentrations are: ammonia: 100 ppm, acetic acid: 50 ppm, methyl mercaptan: 8 ppm, hydrogen sulfide: 4 ppm, pyridine: 12 ppm Acetaldehyde: 14 ppm, trimethylamine: 28 ppm, and the measurement time was 2 hours.
表２によれば、短繊維集合体ｆの消臭性能に畳表Ａを構成するい草の消臭性能が加わるために、アンモニア、酢酸、ピリジン、アセトアルデヒド、トリメチルアミン、硫化水素について、高い減少率が得られており、メチルメルカプタンについても、ある程度の減少率が得られている。
以上の表１及び表２の試験結果から、本発明の畳は、さきに挙げた生ゴミ臭、タバコ臭、排泄臭、体臭・汗臭などの生活臭を構成する主要なニオイ成分（アンモニア、酢酸、硫化水素、ピリジン、アセトアルデヒド、トリメチルアミン、イソ吉草酸、インドール）を効果的に吸着除去できることが判る。
According to Table 2, since the deodorizing performance of the weeds constituting the tatami table A is added to the deodorizing performance of the short fiber aggregate f, a high reduction rate is obtained for ammonia, acetic acid, pyridine, acetaldehyde, trimethylamine, and hydrogen sulfide. As for methyl mercaptan, a certain reduction rate is obtained.
From the test results in Tables 1 and 2 above, the tatami mat of the present invention is the main odor component (ammonia, odor) that constitutes the daily odor such as the garbage odor, tobacco odor, excretion odor, body odor, sweat odor, etc. (Acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide, pyridine, acetaldehyde, trimethylamine, isovaleric acid, indole) can be effectively adsorbed and removed.
また、建物の高気密化や換気状態の変化に伴い、住宅において、建材や家具、接着剤、塗料などから放散するホルムアルデヒドなどのＶＯＣ（揮発性有機化合物）によって体調不良を引き起こすシックハウス症候群が社会問題となっている。これに対して本発明の畳は、畳床Ｂを構成する短繊維集合体ｆが優れたＶＯＣ吸着除去性能を有する。
本発明の畳に使用する短繊維集合体ｆ（羊毛ｘと中空ポリエステル繊維ｙの質量比ｘ／ｙが２５／７５、密度が０．１０ｇ／ｃｍ３の短繊維集合体）について、ホルムアルデヒド吸着試験を、以下のように実施した。
In addition, due to high airtightness of buildings and changes in ventilation conditions, sick house syndrome that causes poor physical condition due to VOC (volatile organic compounds) such as formaldehyde emitted from building materials, furniture, adhesives, paints, etc. is a social problem in homes. It has become. On the other hand, the tatami mat of the present invention has excellent VOC adsorption removal performance of the short fiber aggregate f constituting the tatami floor B.
Formaldehyde adsorption test on short fiber aggregate f (short fiber aggregate with a weight ratio x / y of wool x and hollow polyester fiber y of 25/75, density of 0.10 g / cm 3 ) used in the tatami mat of the present invention Was carried out as follows.
（a）試験方法
試料（短繊維集合体）１ｇをフラスコ（全容量：３６０ｍｌ）内に吊し入れ、フラスコ壁面に触れないようにした後、シリコン栓で密封した。このフラスコにホルムアルデヒド溶液４０μＬを試料に触れないように注意しながら注入し、速やかにホルムアルデヒドを気化させた。上記方法でガス状ホルムアルデヒドを均一としたフラスコ容器を複数作成し、恒温槽（２５℃）に放置した後、一定時間毎（３分，１時間，３時間，５時間）に恒温槽から取り出し、フラスコ内のホルムアルデヒドを定量した。
対照試験（ブランク）として、試料を入れないフラスコを複数作成し、同様に一定時間毎（１時間，３時間，５時間）に恒温槽から取り出し、フラスコ内のホルムアルデヒドを定量した。
初期濃度は、上記対照試験で作成した直後（０時間）のフラスコ内のホルムアルデヒドを複数（３個）定量し、ばらつきがないことを確認した上で平均値を用いた。
(A) Test method 1 g of a sample (short fiber aggregate) was suspended in a flask (total volume: 360 ml) so as not to touch the wall of the flask, and then sealed with a silicon stopper. Into this flask, 40 μL of a formaldehyde solution was poured while being careful not to touch the sample, and formaldehyde was quickly vaporized. A plurality of flask containers in which gaseous formaldehyde is made uniform by the above method are prepared and left in a thermostatic chamber (25 ° C.), and then taken out from the thermostatic chamber at regular intervals (3 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 5 hours), The formaldehyde in the flask was quantified.
As a control test (blank), a plurality of flasks without a sample were prepared and similarly removed from the thermostat at regular intervals (1 hour, 3 hours, 5 hours), and formaldehyde in the flask was quantified.
The initial concentration was determined by quantifying a plurality (three) of formaldehyde in the flask immediately after it was created in the above control test (0 hour) and confirming that there was no variation, and then using the average value.
（b）ホルムアルデヒドの定量
ホルムアルデヒドは、シルコン栓に装着したガス採取口からフラスコ内部の空気を採取（５０ｍＬ）し、捕集管（Sep-PaK DNPH；Waters社製）に捕集した。捕集したホルムアルデヒドは、アセトニトリルで溶出し、高速液体クロマトグラフ（HPLC）法で定量した。（準拠した定量方法：有害大気汚染物質測定の実際（環境庁大気保全局大気規制課監修；財団法人日本環境衛生センター発行）第２章第２節〜第４節）
(B) Determination of formaldehyde Formaldehyde was collected in a collection tube (Sep-PaK DNPH; manufactured by Waters) by collecting air (50 mL) inside the flask from a gas sampling port attached to a silcon stopper. The collected formaldehyde was eluted with acetonitrile and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (Compliant quantification method: Actual measurement of harmful air pollutants (supervised by the Environmental Protection Agency, Air Quality Control Bureau, published by Japan Environmental Health Center)
（c）ホルムアルデヒドの減少率及び吸着量
ホルムアルデヒドの減少率（％）は、一定時間放置した後に定量した結果［濃度：Ｃｎ］を初期濃度［Ｃ０］で除した値とした。
減少率（％）＝（Ｃｎ／Ｃ０）×１００
ホルムアルデヒド吸着量（μｇ／ｇ）は、初期存在量［Ｗ０］と一定時間放置した後の残存量［Ｗｎ］との差を試験に供した試料の重量［ｗ］で除した値とし、試料の単位重量当たりのホルムアルデヒド吸着量とした。
吸着量（μｇ／ｇ）＝［（Ｃ０×Ｖ）−（Ｃｎ×Ｖ）］／ｗ
＝（Ｗ０−Ｗｎ）／ｗ
ここで 初期存在量［Ｗ０］：初期濃度［Ｃ０（ｍｇ／ｍ３）］にフラスコ内容積（Ｖ＝０．３６Ｌ）を乗じた値（単位：μｇ）
残存量［Ｗｎ］：一定時間放置した後に定量した濃度［Ｃｎ（ｍｇ／ｍ３）］にフラスコ内容積（Ｖ＝０．３６Ｌ）を乗じた値（単位：μｇ）
(C) Reduction rate and adsorption amount of formaldehyde The reduction rate (%) of formaldehyde was a value obtained by dividing [concentration: C n ] by initial concentration [C 0 ] as a result of quantification after standing for a certain period of time.
Reduction rate (%) = (C n / C 0 ) × 100
The formaldehyde adsorption amount (μg / g) is a value obtained by dividing the difference between the initial abundance [W 0 ] and the residual amount [W n ] after standing for a certain time by the weight [w] of the sample subjected to the test, The amount of formaldehyde adsorbed per unit weight of the sample.
Adsorption amount (μg / g) = [(C 0 × V) − (C n × V)] / w
= (W 0 -W n ) / w
Here, initial abundance [W 0 ]: value obtained by multiplying initial concentration [C 0 (mg / m 3 )] by flask internal volume (V = 0.36 L) (unit: μg)
Residual amount [W n ]: Value (unit: μg) obtained by multiplying the concentration [C n (mg / m 3 )] determined after standing for a certain period of time by the volume in the flask (V = 0.36 L)
試験結果を図２及び図３に示す。ここで、「サンプル」が試料を用いた試験の結果、「ブランク」が対照試験の結果である。
これらによれば、本発明で使用する短繊維集合体ｆは優れたＶＯＣ吸着除去性能を有していることが判る。したがって、本発明の畳は、短繊維集合体ｆにより優れたＶＯＣ吸着除去性能を有するものである。
The test results are shown in FIGS. Here, “sample” is the result of the test using the sample, and “blank” is the result of the control test.
According to these, it can be seen that the short fiber aggregate f used in the present invention has excellent VOC adsorption removal performance. Therefore, the tatami mat of the present invention has an excellent VOC adsorption removal performance due to the short fiber aggregate f.
Ａ 畳表
Ｂ 畳床
ｆ 短繊維集合体
ｂ1 インシュレーションボード
ｂ2 ポリスチレンフォーム板
ｂ3 防湿シート
A Tatami B B Tatami floor f Short fiber aggregate b1 Insulation board b2 Polystyrene foam board b3 Dampproof sheet
Claims (5)
該短繊維集合体（ｆ）は、マトリックス繊維である羊毛及び中空ポリエステル繊維と、熱接着性繊維とを混綿し、熱処理により熱接着性繊維を溶融させ、その溶融物によりマトリックス繊維の繊維接点を接着させて得られたものであることを特徴とする畳。 The uppermost layer of the tatami floor (B) in contact with the tatami mat (A) is composed of a mat-like short fiber aggregate (f) having a density of 0.02 g / cm 3 or more,
The short fiber aggregate (f) is a mixture of wool and hollow polyester fibers, which are matrix fibers, and heat-adhesive fibers. The heat-adhesive fibers are melted by heat treatment, and the fiber contacts of the matrix fibers are formed by the melt. A tatami mat that is obtained by bonding.
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| JP2008303597A (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-18 | Itn Japan Co Ltd | Environment adaptive board-like heat insulator |
| JP2010037704A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-18 | Nagao Shoji Kk | Wool product for automobile and method for producing the same |
| JP2010121287A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-06-03 | Dow Kakoh Kk | Core material for tatami mat, and the tatami mat |
| JP3152598U (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2009-08-06 | 帝人ファイバー株式会社 | Insulation |
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