JPH08112876A - Laminated powdered carbon sheet cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simultaneously settle a sweating problem, a deodorizing problem and a sound absorbing problem by a structure wherein carbon dust layer is pinched between a plurality of cloths made of a non-woven fabric, which is permeable to steam and air but impermeable to the carbon dusts having the size specified so as to not to leak through the non-woven fabric so as to be made into an integral body sandwiched under the condition that the non- woven fabric is employed as the uppermost and lowermost layers. CONSTITUTION: Carbon dust layer 1 is pinched between steam- and air-permeating non-woven fabrics 2 mad of a polymer fiber in such a sandwiched manner that the non-woven fabric is employed as the uppermost and lowermost layers or in such an order that the non-woven fabric 2 - carbon layer 1 - the non-woven fabric so as to be pressed and finally made into an integral body by being needle-punched in the direction of the whole thickness. The carbon dust is so fine as not to leak through the non-woven fabric 2 and is at least one selected from the group consisting of driftwood carbon powder, charcoal powder and activated carbon powder and pinched between a plurality of cloths made of non-woven fabric. The laminated powdered carbon sheet is not a mere hear insulating material but has moisture-absorbing action, moisture-controlling action and breathering due to the carbon dust layer, resulting in displaying the function for preventing the inner surface from sweating by arranging the strength support made of a steam-impermeable moistureproof film on the concrete wall side of outer wall.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is used as a sheet material for a surface or a base of walls, ceilings, floors, bathrooms, kitchens, interiors, etc., which is porous, heat-insulating by absorption, humidity control by breathing function, water retention, odor adsorption. The present invention relates to a laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth for deodorant function and noise reduction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a heat insulating material as a building material, foamed resins such as polystyrene foam and urethane foam, and fiber mats such as glass wool and rock wool have been exclusively used. However, they only serve as a heat insulating material. As a respiratory action such as absorption, retention and release of humidity, wood carbon is packed in a bag,
Silica gel, wallpaper of cloth and paper, wood board with a lot of pores in a broad sense, calcium silicate board, etc. are used. As a deodorizing agent that absorbs odors, bagged charcoal is used under the floor.

However, apart from places such as under-floor where it is only necessary to put packed charcoal, silica gel, etc., a single humidity breathing action and deodorant can be applied to all places such as walls, ceilings, floors and attics of buildings. A material that not only exerts its function but also has various functions such as heat insulation, humidity control, water retention, absorption of light and deodorization is not used, and such a material does not exist.

Therefore, as a countermeasure against dew condensation, a heat insulating material is applied, ventilation, a moisture-proof film or the like is used, and as a sound absorbing countermeasure, a felt or a porous chamber sound absorbing material is applied to a wall. As deodorizing measures, separate measures are taken, such as returning indoor air to granular activated carbon, deodorizing by ventilation, and generating aroma.

[0005]

The object of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating property, an odor absorbing property, a moisture absorbing property, a water-retaining property, a water-retaining property and a water-retaining property by a sheet-like object which can be easily installed on a wall, a ceiling, a floor, or any other place of a building. Simultaneously solves the problems of dew condensation, deodorization and sound absorption by simultaneously exhibiting moist breathability and sound wave attenuation, maintaining an economically favorable living environment, preventing mold and corrosion, and improving the durability of the building That is. In addition, use natural materials as much as possible, and use materials that are returned to the soil after disposal.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of earnest research to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that charcoal and activated carbon,
Especially, even if the apparent specific gravity of the driftwood charcoal that carbonizes the floating driftwood that flows into the dam reservoir is compared to the normal charcoal (0.57),
It is an extremely light charcoal with a high air permeability of 0.37 and has a lot of voids with advanced internalization, and paying attention to its large water-retaining ability. It fixes this pulverized coal in a thin layer so as not to scatter, and at the same time steam and air. The present invention has been completed based on the finding that the above can be solved by attaching it to a wall, a ceiling, a floor, etc. of a building that is configured to be freely distributed.

That is, the present invention is as follows. (1) A plurality of non-woven fabrics that allow water vapor and air to pass through but do not allow at least one carbon powder selected from the group consisting of driftwood charcoal powder, charcoal powder, and activated carbon powder that does not leak from the following non-woven fabrics to pass through A laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth, which is formed by sandwiching the carbon powder layer with a cloth made of at least one, and at least the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer are made into a non-woven fabric and integrated in a sandwich shape.

(2) The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to the item (1), wherein the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth is composed of two non-woven fabrics of polymer fibers and sandwiching a carbon powder layer.

(3) The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to item (1) above, wherein the sandwich-like integration is obtained by needle punching a laminate of a nonwoven fabric layer, a carbon powder layer and a nonwoven fabric layer.

(4) The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to (1) above, wherein the carbon powder layer is a driftwood coal powder layer.

(5) A water vapor permeable protective layer made of a thin polymer fiber nonwoven fabric is attached to the front surface, and a strength bearing support base layer made of a polymer fiber cloth or a water vapor impermeable polymer resin film is attached to the back surface. ) Described laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth.

(6) A protective layer made of polypropylene thin nonwoven fabric on the surface, a carbon powder layer holding layer made of polyester nonwoven fabric as the second layer, a carbon powder layer made as the third layer, and a carbon powder layer made of polyester nonwoven fabric as the fourth layer A laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth obtained by integrating a water vapor permeable polyethylene cloth as a layer and a fifth layer as a strength supporting base layer by a needle punching method.

(7) A laminated pulverized coal sheet according to the above (6), wherein a water vapor-impermeable resin film is attached as a fifth layer to a laminated body in which the surface layer to the fourth layer are integrated by a needle punching method to be integrated. cloth.

It is known that carbon powder such as charcoal and activated carbon is porous and adsorbs water vapor and odorous gas into the pores. The molecules that make up the pore wall are in a state in which they cannot be moved because they are bound by the molecules of their companions, while only the molecules on the surface layer have one side facing the space.
The joining hands are playing. This idle hand tries to catch foreign molecules and ions that have jumped in from the outside.

The water vapor molecules that have entered the holes are successively trapped by the idle hands on the surface of the hole wall and form a layer, and in the case of charcoal, in the case of charcoal, the water vapor equivalent to 50% of its own weight is internally absorbed. Can be incorporated into voids. It is considered that this amount of water vapor is naturally condensed in water.

It is considered that the sap components in the wood pores flow out while floating in the above-mentioned driftwood charcoal, but there are cases where the pore volume is three times that of ordinary charcoal. The water absorption rate reaches 5 times on average. Compared in terms of apparent porosity, commercial charcoal is 46%, while driftwood charcoal is 69-85.
It is as high as%. Therefore, for the purposes of the present invention, commercially available charcoal powder is also effective, but driftwood charcoal powder is most effective.
Of course, activated carbon is effective because it has many pores due to steam treatment or the like, but it is expensive for use in building materials. Regarding the particle size of the carbon powder, it is preferable that the carbon powder is as fine as possible within the range where the non-woven fabric does not leak, but the average particle size is mainly 800 μm or less, and preferably 100 to 500 μm. Even if it is increased, the average particle diameter is 2 mm or less.

Although wallpaper and the like in which a dew condensation inhibitor is mixed with a protein powder obtained by powdering collagen fibers contained in leather have been put into practical use, they are naturally expensive as can be imagined from collagen fibers.

As described above, charcoal powder, especially driftwood charcoal powder, is inexpensive, and charcoal in which the cellular structure of wood is inherited as it is has numerous pores. The pore volume of the macropores, mesopores, and micropores is 0.6 to 0.6 per gram.
It is 1.74 cm ³ . On the other hand, the surface area per 1 g is huge, 43 to 210 m ² . Such a huge surface area exerts a strong adsorption ability for gas, solid, liquid molecules and the like.

As described above, the charcoal powder has a porous property, an adiabatic performance due to absorption of light, a humidity adjusting action, that is, a breathing function of taking in and out water vapor depending on the ambient humidity, a large moisture holding capacity, and deodorization due to adsorption of odor molecules. Although it has a preferable function as a building material such as a sound absorbing function due to sound wave attenuation by a porous body, it is a black powder for a long time, so it is difficult to hold it on the wall surface, ceiling surface, floor surface, etc. and maintain its aesthetic appearance. is there. It is an object of the present invention to solve this problem.

[0020]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention. A non-woven fabric 2 (preferably having a thickness of 1 to 3 mm) of a polymer fiber such as polyester fiber is used as a non-woven fabric 2-charcoal powder layer 1-nonwoven fabric 2 or non-woven fabric 2-charcoal powder layer 1-nonwoven fabric 2-
The charcoal powder layer 1 is sandwiched between the charcoal powder layer 1 and the non-woven fabric 2 in a sandwich shape by the non-woven fabric layer 2 and pressed, and they are integrated in the entire thickness direction by means of a needle punch method or the like. As other means, there are methods such as partial pressure bonding with a heat roll, partial adhesion with an adhesive, and partial fusion with ultrasonic waves. As the fiber, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene,
Thermoplastic fibers such as polyamide are preferred.

Further, when a water vapor and air permeable protective layer 3 such as a thin polypropylene non-woven fabric is arranged on the front surface and water vapor is permeable on the back surface, a polymer fiber woven fabric 4 such as polyethylene cloth is used. When making it impermeable to water vapor, a polymer resin film 4'such as a polyethylene film or a polyester film is arranged. Parts other than the film are integrated by a needle punch method or the like, and the film is integrated by means such as partial adhesion, pressure bonding, and fusion bonding. The polymer fiber woven fabric 4 and the polymer resin film 4'on the back surface are a support for maintaining the strength of the entire laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth.

The dew condensation preventing function of the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention will be described. Condensation in a building can be roughly classified into surface condensation and internal condensation. In winter, the outside air temperature is low and the room temperature is high, so the surface humidity of each part of the room facing the outer wall is low,
When the temperature falls below the dew point temperature of room air, dew condensation occurs on the surface of each part. This is surface condensation.

With respect to surface dew condensation, the use of a heat insulating material on the wall raises the indoor surface temperature and is effective in preventing surface dew condensation. The heat insulating material has a great effect on the surface dew condensation, but on the other hand, it tends to generate the internal dew condensation on the low temperature side of the heat insulating material. The temperature of the heat insulating material differs greatly between the front and back, and the temperature becomes lower on the low temperature side. In a building in winter, the temperature of the outside air of the heat insulator is very close to the outside air temperature. Water vapor flows from a higher water vapor pressure to a lower water vapor pressure.
If a low temperature is encountered during the flowing process, dew will condense if the temperature is below the dew point temperature. The size of water vapor molecule is 40mμ
And smaller than particles of oxygen or nitrogen, that is, particles of air. Therefore, not only a normal heat insulating material but also a concrete wall that does not allow water to pass through. Explaining with reference to FIG. 2, by applying a heat insulating material to the inner surface of the concrete wall, the temperature of the inner surface of the concrete wall approaches the outside air temperature, and the saturated water vapor pressure drops sharply from the inside of the room. Since the moisture absorption capacity of the heat insulating material is small, the actual water vapor pressure is only gradually decreased toward the outside air surface, so that dew condensation occurs on the inner surface side of the concrete wall. This is the internal condensation.

In order to prevent dew condensation on the inner surface, it is usually desirable that the low temperature side of the heat insulating material be as permeable to water vapor as possible, while the high temperature side is preferably made of a material that is less permeable to water vapor. From this point, in the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention, it is better to face the back surface of the impermeable polymer resin film to the indoor side. However, in this case, the moisture absorbing action, the deodorizing action, the sound absorbing action, etc. of the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth are not fully utilized. However, in this case, in the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention, not only a heat insulating material, but moisture absorption, humidity control, and a large breathing action in the carbon powder layer. Place on the wall side. As shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth is not accurate in the figure, but is 5 m.
m thickness (3 to 7 mm), the temperature drop inside the concrete wall is not as great as that of normal heat insulating material,
The actual water vapor pressure is greatly reduced by adsorption on the carbon powder layer, and is further reduced by the moisture-proof film in contact with the concrete wall.Therefore, the actual water vapor pressure cannot be higher than the saturated water vapor pressure, and internal condensation does not occur. Absent. When dew condensation becomes a problem, it can be dealt with by increasing the thickness of the carbon powder layer or by using a plurality of carbon powder layers. As a result, the moisture absorption, humidity control, and breathing action of the carbon powder layer of the present invention is greatly utilized, and the deodorizing action, sound absorbing action and the like are also effectively exerted.

[0025] This laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth material is pasted or laid as a surface or a base material at a place where deodorization and sound absorption of a building are required, surface condensation due to low temperature and high humidity and internal condensation such as inside wall structure. To do. As a result, the pores of the cloth material absorb sound and adsorb odorous molecules, further maintain a high surface temperature as a heat insulating material, prevent surface dew condensation, and even under conditions where dew condensation occurs due to environmental changes, Due to the moisture absorption function of this cloth material, water vapor is diffused into the material, absorbed and held up to the moisture capacity limit, and released (breathing function) when the environment becomes dry to prevent dew condensation.

[0026]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Charcoal powder, in particular driftwood charcoal powder, is a black powder that is fixed by sandwiching features such as lightness, porosity, large internal air volume, large surface area, large water absorption, strong deodorizing power, etc. It was easy to handle, and the heat insulation effect could be strengthened. It is possible to provide the construction surface of the building with effects such as adiabatic heat retention performance by porosity, absorption of light, breathing humidity control effect by taking in and out of humidity, large capacity of moisture and water retention, and deodorization due to adsorption ability of odor molecules. The carbon powder of the present invention is a natural material by nature, and since the non-woven fabric also returns to fine fibers when buried in the soil, it reduces the load on the environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross sectional explanatory view of a laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the cause of internal condensation.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view in which the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth of the present invention is used for preventing internal dew condensation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Carbon powder layer 2 Non-woven fabric layer 3 Water vapor permeable protective layer 4 Water vapor permeable polymer fiber cloth strength support 4 'Water vapor impermeable polymer resin film strength support

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of sheets which allow water vapor and air to pass therethrough, but do not allow at least one kind of carbon powder selected from the group consisting of driftwood charcoal powder, charcoal powder and activated carbon powder, which are fine particles that do not leak from the following nonwoven fabric, to pass through A laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth obtained by sandwiching the carbon powder layer with a non-woven cloth, and integrating at least the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer into a nonwoven fabric in a sandwich form. 2. The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to claim 1, wherein the laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth is composed of two non-woven fabrics of polymer fibers and sandwiching a carbon powder layer. 3. The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to claim 1, wherein the sandwich-like integration is formed by needle punching a laminate of a nonwoven fabric layer, a carbon powder layer, and a nonwoven fabric layer. 4. The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to claim 1, wherein the carbon powder layer is a driftwood coal powder layer. 5. The water vapor permeable protective layer made of a thin polymer fiber nonwoven fabric is attached to the front surface, and the strength bearing support base layer made of a polymer fiber cloth or a water vapor impermeable polymer resin film is attached to the back surface. Laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth. 6. A protective layer made of a polypropylene thin nonwoven fabric on the surface, a carbon powder layer holding layer made of a polyester nonwoven fabric as the second layer, a carbon powder layer made of a third layer, and a carbon powder layer holding layer made of a polyester nonwoven fabric as the fourth layer. And a laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth, which is obtained by integrating the fifth layer with water vapor permeable polyethylene cloth as a strength supporting base layer by a needle punching method. 7. The laminated pulverized coal sheet cloth according to claim 6, wherein a water vapor impervious resin film is attached as a fifth layer to a laminated body in which the surface layer to the fourth layer are integrated by a needle punching method to be integrated.