JP2014155887A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher capable of reducing heat release from a crushing mechanism part, preventing failure in the crushing mechanism part due to the heat effect in advance, and carrying out excellently crushing process of a crushed object and a simultaneous heating treatment to the crushed object.SOLUTION: A crusher 1 crushes a crushed object W. The crusher 1 includes a crushing container 8 housing the crushed object W, a vibration motor 5 vibrating the crushing container 8, and a heating wire 25 heating the crushed object W in the crushing container 8. Herein, it is preferable that the crushing container 8 is covered with insulation materials 32 to 37 reducing heat release to the outside. In addition, it is preferable that the crushing container 8 is comprised of a casing 9 constructing the peripheral part of the container 8 and a pot 10 which is assembled into the casing 9a so as to be detachable with respect to the casing 9a and which has a crushing chamber 15 where the crushed object W is housed. The heating wire 25 surrounds the casing 9 on its peripheral surface in a tightly contacting manner and in a coil shape.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pulverizer for pulverizing an object to be pulverized by vibration, and particularly to a pulverizer having a heating function.

Conventionally, after crushing an object to be crushed by a crushing mechanism unit in which a plurality of cutting blades are provided in a predetermined arrangement in the axial direction on each of two rotary drive shafts provided in parallel, downstream of the crushing mechanism unit There is an apparatus that heats an object to be crushed with a heater provided on the side (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In addition, the grinding object is pulverized by a pulverizing mechanism part in which a plurality of hammers (impactors) are provided in a predetermined arrangement in the rotation direction on a rotor member mounted on the rotary drive shaft, and the pulverizing mechanism part is dried. There is also an apparatus that dries an object to be pulverized by supplying air (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2009-280632 A JP 2011-242084 A

By the way, there is a demand that the object to be pulverized is heated to a high temperature of, for example, 600 ° C. or more and pulverization is performed simultaneously with the heat treatment.
However, in any of the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the crushing mechanism unit and the crushing mechanism unit have a rotation drive shaft, if the crushing mechanism unit and the crushing mechanism unit are to perform heat treatment, the rotation drive is performed. There is a problem that heat flow to the outside through the shaft increases. In addition, heat transfer to the bearing portion that supports the rotary drive shaft is large, and the thermal influence on the bearing portion becomes a problem, and it is difficult to realize the above demand.

  In view of the problems of the conventional apparatus described above, the present invention can suppress heat outflow from the pulverizing mechanism and can prevent problems of the pulverizing mechanism due to thermal effects. An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizer that can perform heat treatment on a material to be pulverized simultaneously with the pulverization process.

  In order to achieve the above object, a pulverizer according to the present invention is a pulverizer for pulverizing an object to be pulverized, comprising a pulverization container for storing the object to be pulverized, vibration means for vibrating the pulverization container, and an object in the pulverization container. And a heating means for heating the pulverized product.

  In this case, the pulverization container can be covered with a heat insulating material that suppresses the outflow of heat to the outside.

  Further, the pulverization container is constituted by a casing that forms an outer peripheral portion thereof, and a pot having a pulverization chamber that is incorporated in the casing so as to be detachable with respect to the casing and accommodates an object to be pulverized, and heating means Can be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the casing in the grinding container.

  Moreover, the pressure adjustment means which adjusts the pressure in a grinding | pulverization container can be provided.

  Further, the pressure adjusting means may be a vacuum pump that is connected in communication with the pulverization container and depressurizes the pulverization container.

According to the pulverizer of the present invention, the pulverization mechanism section for pulverizing the object to be crushed is constituted by a pulverization container that is vibrated by the vibration means, and in the prior art, a rotary drive shaft provided in the pulverization mechanism section (crushing mechanism section) Since there is no bearing part that supports it, heat outflow from the crushing mechanism part can be suppressed, and malfunction of the crushing mechanism part due to thermal influence can be prevented.
Therefore, simultaneously with the pulverization processing of the object to be pulverized, the heat processing for the object to be pulverized can be performed well by the heating means.

  Further, by covering the pulverization container with a heat insulating material that suppresses the outflow of heat to the outside, the heat outflow from the pulverization container can be more reliably suppressed.

  Further, the pulverization container is constituted by a casing that forms an outer peripheral portion thereof, and a pot having a pulverization chamber that is incorporated in the casing so as to be detachable with respect to the casing and accommodates an object to be pulverized, and heating means Is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the casing in the pulverization container, the heating wire can be firmly fixed to the casing by the elastic force of the heating wire wound in a coil shape, and can have vibration resistance, The material to be crushed can be easily exchanged by inserting and removing the pot from the casing.

  In addition, by providing a pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure in the pulverization vessel, it is possible to suppress a pressure increase associated with the heat treatment to the pulverized object by a predetermined value, and to set the heating temperature and the pressure condition respectively. The pulverized product can be pulverized.

  Further, the pressure adjusting means is a vacuum pump that is connected to the pulverization container in a communicating state and depressurizes the inside of the pulverization container, so that the pressure increase in the pulverization container can be suppressed to a predetermined value by the pressure reducing action of the vacuum pump. The pressure in the pulverization container can be adjusted with a simple configuration.

It is the front view which shows one Example of the grinder of this invention, and is the figure which represented the principal part with sectional drawing. It is the same right view. It is the A section enlarged view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mounting | wearing form from which a heating wire differs.

  Next, an embodiment of the pulverizer of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 to 2 show an embodiment of the pulverizer of the present invention.
The pulverizer 1 is a device that finely pulverizes an object W to be pulverized by applying a vibration acceleration to the object to be pulverized together with a heat treatment, and includes a gantry 2 that constitutes a base portion of the machine.

  The compression coil springs 3 are installed at the four corners of the gantry 2, the diaphragm 4 is installed on the compression coil springs 3, and the diaphragm 4 is elastically supported by the gantry 2 via the compression coil springs 3. The diaphragm 4 is capable of vibrating with respect to the gantry 2.

A vibration motor 5 that generates vibration by rotating an eccentric weight (not shown) by an electric motor is attached to the lower surface of the diaphragm 4.
On the diaphragm 4, a left bracket 6 and a right bracket 7 are erected with a predetermined interval in the left-right direction in FIG. 1, and the grinding container 8 is supported by these brackets 6, 7.

<Description of grinding container>
As shown in FIG. 3, the pulverization container 8 accommodates the object to be pulverized W and the pulverization medium M, and is configured by incorporating a pot 10 into a cylindrical casing 9.
Here, examples of the object to be pulverized W include metal and organic granular materials. The pulverizing medium M is used for more efficiently pulverizing the object to be crushed W. For example, a sphere made of a hard material such as SUS, alumina, or zirconium is used.

The casing 9 is fixed to the brackets 6 and 7 with its axis lined in the left-right direction in FIG. 3, penetrating the left bracket 6 and having its one end abutted against the plate surface of the right bracket 7. Yes.
At one end portion of the casing 9, a first taper receiving surface 9 a is formed on the inner peripheral side of the casing 9, the diameter of which decreases as it goes to the one end side of the casing 9. Further, in the intermediate portion of the casing 9, a second tapered receiving surface 9b having a diameter that decreases toward the one end side of the casing 9 is formed on the inner peripheral side, like the first tapered receiving surface 9a.

The pot 10 has a bottomed cylindrical pot body 11 that is closed at one end and opened at the other end, and a lid 12 that closes the opening of the pot body 11 is detachably attached by a bolt 13. ing.
A seal 14 is interposed between the pot body 11 and the lid body 12, and the seal 14 can seal between the two. For this reason, it is also possible to utilize by wet grinding.
In the pot 10, the pot body 11 is closed by the lid 12, thereby forming a pulverizing chamber 15 therein. The pulverized material W and the pulverizing medium M are accommodated in the pulverizing chamber 15.

On one end surface of the pot body 11, three positioning holes 16 a are formed around the axis of the pot body 11 at a predetermined pitch circle diameter and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, positioning holes 16 a are positioned). Although only two holes 16a are depicted, there are actually three and the remaining one is not shown.
Positioning pins 16b corresponding to the respective positioning holes 16a are attached to the right bracket 7, and the positioning of the pot 10 in the casing 9 in the circumferential direction can be easily performed by the positioning holes 16a and the positioning pins 16b. .
At one end portion of the pot body 11, a first taper pressing surface 11 a is formed on the outer peripheral side of the pot body 11 so as to decrease in diameter as it proceeds to one end side of the pot body 11. Further, in the other end portion of the pot main body 11, a second taper pressing surface 11b having a diameter that decreases toward the one end side of the pot main body 11 is formed on the outer peripheral side, similarly to the first taper pressing surface 11a. Yes.
Here, the first taper pressing surface 11a and the second taper pressing surface 11b are provided corresponding to the first taper receiving surface 9a and the second taper receiving surface 9b in the casing 9, respectively. The taper receiving surface 9a and the second taper receiving surface 9b can be pressed in close contact with each other.
A non-penetrating taper hole 17 is formed at a required depth at the center of the other end surface of the lid body 12.

A tail pusher 18 is attached to the other end of the casing 9.
The tail pusher 18 is screwed and attached to a bracket 19 detachably attached to the other end of the casing 9 in a penetrating manner, and is engaged with the tapered hole 17 of the lid 12 at the tip of the bolt 20. The tailstock rod 21 having a tapered surface is connected.
In the tail pusher 18, by tightening the bolt 20, the tail pusher 21 is pushed out toward the tapered hole 17 of the lid 12, and the pot 10 is pushed to one end side of the casing 9 by the pushed pusher 21. Is pushed by the wedge action between the first taper pressing surface 11a and the first taper receiving surface 9a and the wedge action between the second taper pressing surface 11b and the second taper receiving surface 9b. The pot 10 is firmly held in the casing 9 in a state where the pot 10 is centered with respect to the casing 9.
The right bracket 7 is fixed with a punch 22 having a basic structure similar to that of the tail pusher 18, and in this punch 22, the pot 10 is held by the punch 24 by screwing the bolt 23. The casing 9 can be pushed toward the other end side. With this extraction tool 22, the holding state of the pot 10 firmly held in the casing 9 can be easily released, and the extraction operation of the pot 10 from the casing 9 can be performed smoothly.

<Description of heating means>
A heating wire 25 is wound around and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 9 in a coiled state. When electric current is supplied to the heating wire 25 via the power cable 26, heat is transmitted from the casing 9 to the object to be pulverized W or the pulverizing medium M in the pulverizing chamber 15 of the pot 10, so that the object to be pulverized W or the like is predetermined. Heated to temperature.

  In this embodiment, the pulverization container 8 is composed of a casing 9 constituting the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a pot 10 that is incorporated into the casing 9 so as to be detachable with respect to the casing 9. Since the coil 9 is wound around and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 9 in a close contact state, the heating wire 25 is firmly fixed to the casing 9 by the elastic force of the heating wire 25 wound in the coil shape. Thus, the object to be ground W can be easily exchanged by inserting and removing the pot 10 with respect to the casing 9.

By the way, in the present embodiment, the heating wire 25 is wound around and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 9 formed in a cylindrical shape in a close contact state, but as shown in FIG. The spiral groove 91 having the same pitch as the winding pitch of the heating wire 25 is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and the heating wire 25 can be screwed into the spiral groove 91 and attached.
Thereby, the heating wire 25 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 9 can be prevented from moving in the axial direction of the casing 9 due to vibration, and a failure such as breakage of the heating wire 25 can be prevented in advance.

<Description of pressure adjusting means>
In the pot main body 11 and the lid body 12 constituting the pot 10, the pot main body 11 is provided with a communication hole 27 that is connected to the inside of the grinding chamber 15 from the other end face, and an attachment hole 28 is provided so as to correspond to the communication hole 27. The lid 12 is provided.
A pipe joint 29 is screwed and fixed to the mounting hole 28 of the lid body 12, and a gas pipe 30 is connected to the pipe joint 29, and the gas pipe 30 is connected to a pipe joint or gas pipe (not shown). A vacuum pump 31 is connected, and the vacuum pump 31 and the pot 10 are connected in communication.
The operation of the vacuum pump 31 can reduce the pressure in the crushing chamber 15, and the pressure increase in the crushing chamber 15 can be suppressed to a predetermined value by this pressure reducing action, and the pressure in the pot 10 can be reduced with a simple configuration. Can be adjusted.
In the present embodiment, the vacuum pump 31 can achieve a pressure reduction limit of about 30 to 150 hPa.
Thus, by providing the pressure adjusting means, there are the following advantages.
In the case of pulverizing the object to be pulverized W, the temperature of the pulverization chamber 15 and further the pulverization container 8 tend to rise due to collision and friction. If the pulverization is performed in a sealed state, the gas temperature in the pulverization chamber 15 rises, and the internal pressure also rises accordingly, so that continuous operation is expected to be dangerous. By providing the pressure adjusting means, an increase in internal pressure can be prevented and continuous operation is possible.
-When performing chemical reactions such as extraction, the temperature, pressure, etc. may affect the reaction efficiency. For example, when the reaction is performed at normal pressure, the temperature condition needs to be high, but by reducing the pressure, the same reaction may be performed at a temperature condition close to normal temperature. Energy response is possible.
-When separating the to-be-ground material W which consists of a several component for every component by heating, since external force becomes small by reducing pressure with heating, component separation becomes easy.

<Description of insulation>
As shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral surface side of the casing 9 is covered with a heat insulating material 32 arranged with a slight gap between the casing 9 and the heating wire 25.
The outer side surfaces of the left bracket 6 and the right bracket 7 are also covered with heat insulating materials 33 and 34. Further, heat insulating materials 35 and 36 are interposed between the brackets 6 and 7 and the diaphragm 4, respectively.
A heat insulating material 37 is also interposed between the mandrel 18 and the pot 10.
In this way, by covering the pulverization container 8 with the heat insulating materials 32 to 37 that suppress the outflow of heat to the outside, the heat outflow from the pulverization container 8 can be more reliably suppressed, and the temperature in the pulverization container 8 is increased. Can be kept low.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 38 indicates a protective cover attached to the diaphragm 4 so as to cover the heat insulating materials 32 to 37.

<Description of grinding media>
The grinding medium M is not particularly limited, and steel or stainless steel balls are used.
If the size of the pulverizing medium M is too small with respect to the object to be pulverized, the energy given to the object to be pulverized W by the movement of each of the pulverizing media M becomes small. It is necessary to determine the size of the grinding medium M from the ratio to the size. More specifically, while considering conditions such as vibration conditions (vibration acceleration, amplitude, vibration frequency, etc.), properties of the object to be pulverized W, the number of pulverizing media M, a filling ratio of the material to be pulverized W and the pulverizing medium M, and the like. As determined, the size (diameter) of the grinding medium M is set to several times to several tens of times, usually about ten times that of the material W to be ground.

<Description of effects>
The grinding | pulverization process of the to-be-ground material W by the grinder 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated below mainly using FIG.1 and FIG.3.
First, the object to be crushed W and the grinding medium M are put in the pot body 11, the pot body 11 is covered with the lid body 12, the pot 10 is inserted into the casing 9, and the positioning hole 16 a is positioned. The pot 10 is positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the casing 9 by the pins 16b, and the pot 10 is firmly held with respect to the casing 9 by the tail pusher 18.
Next, the vibration motor 5 is operated, current is supplied to the heating wire 25 via the power cable 26, and the vacuum pump 31 is also operated.
By supplying electric current to the heating wire 25, heat is transmitted from the casing 9 to the object to be ground W in the grinding chamber 15 of the pot 10, and the object to be ground W is heated to a predetermined temperature.
By the action of vibration acceleration on the pot 10 by the vibration motor 5, the object to be crushed W and the pulverizing medium M are struck together, and the object to be crushed W is pulverized into fine powder.
The pressure increase in the crushing chamber 15 is suppressed to a predetermined value by the pressure reducing action in the crushing chamber 15 by the vacuum pump 31.

According to this pulverizer 1, the pulverization mechanism unit for pulverizing the object W is constituted by the pulverization container 8 vibrated by the vibration motor 5, and in the conventional technology, the rotational drive provided in the pulverization mechanism unit (crushing mechanism unit). Since there is no shaft or bearing that supports the shaft, heat outflow from the crushing mechanism (crushing vessel 8) can be suppressed, and problems with the crushing mechanism (crushing vessel 8) due to thermal effects can be prevented. .
Therefore, simultaneously with the pulverization process of the pulverized object W, the heating process for the pulverized object W can be favorably performed by the heating wire 25.
In addition, since the vacuum pump 31 for adjusting the pressure in the pulverization container 8 is provided, the pressure increase associated with the heat treatment to the object to be crushed W can be suppressed at a predetermined value, and the heating temperature and the pressure condition are set respectively. It can set and the grinding | pulverization process of the to-be-ground material W can be implemented.

In the above embodiment, the vibration motor 5 corresponds to the “vibration means” of the present invention.
The heating wire 25 corresponds to the “heating means” of the present invention.
The vacuum pump 31 corresponds to the “pressure adjusting means” of the present invention.

  As mentioned above, although the grinder of this invention was demonstrated based on one Example, this invention is not limited to the structure described in the said embodiment, The structure is suitably changed in the range which does not deviate from the meaning. It is something that can be done.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the vibration motor 5 having a configuration in which the vibration generation mechanism is compactly combined is used as the vibration unit for the crushing container 8, but the present invention is not limited thereto. A rotating shaft to which an eccentric weight is attached is rotatably attached to the lower surface of the diaphragm 4, and the rotating shaft and an output shaft of an electric motor installed independently of the diaphragm 4 are connected by a universal joint, It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the rotational power of the motor is transmitted to the eccentric weight via the universal joint and the rotation shaft to generate vibration. Further, vibration may be generated by adopting a required electromagnetic excitation magnet.
Moreover, although the example which used the resistance heating by the heating wire 25 was shown as a heating means with respect to the grinding | pulverization container 8, you may make it heat the grinding | pulverization container 8 by the induction heating by electromagnetic induction.
Moreover, although the example using the vacuum pump 31 was shown as a pressure adjustment means with respect to the grinding | pulverization container 8, it can replace with this and a pressure adjustment valve (pressure reduction valve) can also be used.

  The pulverizer of the present invention has a characteristic that it can simultaneously perform pulverization treatment and heat treatment on an object to be pulverized, and can perform pressure adjustment at the same time. Uses for pulverization of substances that cause reaction to proceed (the effect of accelerating reaction progress by pulverization), and uses for pulverization and separation of substances that improve pulverizability at a certain temperature and pressure (for example, substrates) In addition to being able to be used suitably for the purpose of separating the component part and the substrate fixed with solder on the substrate, for example, if a force is applied while heating an object made of a composite component, the component separation performance is improved. It can also be used for such separation treatment applications (for example, applications for separating metals from ores and applications for extracting specific components from foods and plants).

1 Crusher 5 Vibration motor (vibration means)
8 Crushing container 9 Casing 10 Pot 15 Crushing chamber 25 Heating wire (heating means)
31 Vacuum pump (pressure adjusting means)
32-37 Heat insulation material W

Claims (5)

  A pulverizer for pulverizing an object to be crushed, comprising a pulverization container for storing the object to be pulverized, a vibrating means for vibrating the pulverization container, and a heating means for heating the object to be pulverized in the pulverization container. And crusher.   The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the pulverization container is covered with a heat insulating material that suppresses the outflow of heat to the outside.   The pulverization container is constituted by a casing constituting the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a pot having a pulverization chamber that is incorporated in the casing so as to be detachable with respect to the casing and accommodates an object to be crushed, and heating means, The pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the pulverizer is disposed on an outer peripheral surface of a casing in the pulverization container.   4. The pulverizer according to claim 1, further comprising pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressure in the pulverization vessel.   The pulverizer according to claim 4, wherein the pressure adjusting means is a vacuum pump that is connected in communication with the pulverization container and depressurizes the pulverization container.

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