JP2014140932A - Deburring tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily adjust a pressing force of a blade tool for the purpose of uniform and highly accurate deburring.SOLUTION: A deburring tool 1 includes: a cylindrical shank 2 which is attached to a spindle device of a machine tool to be rotated; and blade tool holding means 4 which holds the blade tool. The deburring tool 1 rotates the blade tool to process a workpiece. The deburring tool 1 includes: a stem 3 which is internally inserted into the shank 2 so as to move in an axial direction; blade tool guide means 5 which guides the blade tool holding means 4 to be movable relative to the stem 3 in the axial direction and integrally rotates in a rotation direction; a spring member 6 which biases the blade tool holding means 4 relative to the stem 3 in a direction that the blade tool holding means 4 is pressed against the workpiece; and initial length adjustment means which adjusts an initial length of the spring member 6 and adjusts a pressing force of the spring member 6.

Description

  The present invention relates to a deburring tool for machine tools, and more particularly to a deburring tool provided with an initial length adjusting means of a spring member for adjusting a pressing force.

  Conventionally, as a means for deburring and chamfering cast parts such as aluminum die-casting, it is performed manually using a grinder or the like, polished with a brush tool for deburring, or a cutting tool or the like in a machining center (for example, There is known a method in which Patent Documents 1 and 2) are attached and processed so as to draw a trajectory along the casting shape of a workpiece by a copying program.

  The deburring tool described in Patent Document 1 is a tool in which the blade attachment holder slides in the cylinder direction so that the blade etc. escapes with a certain force when a certain force is applied, in order to cope with the variation in workpiece dimensions. It is.

  The drilling tool holder described in Patent Document 2 includes a spring that biases the tool holder in the machining direction, and the spring is compressed so that stable chamfering can be performed regardless of variations in material dimensions. It is what.

JP 2006-224288 A (Means for Solving the Problems, FIGS. 1 and 2) JP 7-9209 A (Claim 1, paragraph 0004, FIG. 3, FIG. 4)

However, conventional deburring tools and the like have a problem that uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering cannot be performed because the spring force (pressing force) cannot be adjusted by the spring that presses the cutting tool against the workpiece. .
In other words, when attaching a tool to the machining center and trying to deburr or chamfer, the burr will remain or the burr will be removed excessively unless the appropriate pressing force is set according to the shape of the burr and the unevenness of the workpiece. There was a problem that it was shaved too deeply. Therefore, in order to perform deburring with high accuracy and high quality, it is necessary to change the tool each time according to the processing target or change the copying operation program, resulting in poor work efficiency. was there.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and provides a deburring tool capable of easily adjusting a pressing force for pressing a cutting tool against a workpiece and performing uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering. Is an issue.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention includes a cylindrical shank that is mounted on a spindle device of a machine tool and rotated, and blade holding means that holds the blade, and the workpiece is processed by rotating the blade. A deburring tool that is inserted into the shank so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the blade-holding means is guided so as to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the stem and rotates integrally in the rotational direction. Cutting tool guiding means, a spring member for urging the cutting tool holding means against the stem in a direction to press the work, and an initial length of the spring member to adjust the pressing force by the spring member And a length adjusting means.

The present invention is provided with the initial length adjusting means for adjusting the pressing force by the spring member, so that the range of the pressing force at the time of processing can be appropriately set according to the shape of the burr or the desired chamfer size. Therefore, uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering can be performed.
By setting the pressing force range appropriately, uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering can be performed by a relatively simple NC program copying operation even for workpieces having dimensional variations. In addition, since the allowable range for positioning the workpiece is increased, it is not necessary to accurately position the workpiece, so that the working time can be shortened.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the deburring tool according to claim 1, wherein the initial length adjusting means is formed by forming the stem into a cylindrical shape, and a thread portion formed on an inner peripheral portion of the stem. A spring receiver screwed into the threaded portion to restrict the initial length of the spring member, and a sliding guide member that guides the spring receiver so as to be movable in the axial direction while restricting rotation in the rotational direction with respect to the shank. And a clutch mechanism for transmitting or cutting the rotation of the shank to the stem, the spring member being disposed between the blade holding means and the spring receiver, and a restriction for restricting the retracted end of the stem A feature is provided.

  According to this configuration, the deburring tool according to the present invention can rotate the stem with respect to the shank by cutting the engagement between the shank and the stem by the clutch mechanism. And by rotating a stem with respect to a shank, the spring receiver screwed in the stem can be moved to an axial direction, and the initial length of a spring member can be adjusted freely. In this way, the initial length adjusting means increases the initial pressure of the pressing force if the initial length of the spring member is reduced, and adjusts the pressing force by decreasing the initial pressure of the pressing force if the initial length is increased. can do.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the deburring tool according to claim 2, wherein the clutch mechanism includes an engaging portion disposed on the stem, and an engaged portion disposed on the shank. And a clutch spring that urges the engaging portion toward the engaged portion to engage the engaging portion and the engaged portion.

  According to this configuration, the deburring tool according to the present invention includes the clutch spring, so that the engaging portion and the engaged portion are engaged by the urging force of the clutch spring, and the shank and the stem are integrated. By moving the stem in the axial direction against the urging force of the clutch spring to release the engagement between the engagement portion and the engaged portion and the shank. The pressing force can be adjusted by freely rotating the stem.

  In this way, the deburring tool according to the present invention can release the clutch mechanism by moving the stem in the axial direction, so that the stem remains attached to the spindle device of the machine tool. The pressing force by the spring member can be adjusted by rotating. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the pressing force freely without removing or replacing the tool from the machine tool while it is mounted on the spindle device of the machine tool. High-precision deburring and chamfering can be performed.

  The deburring tool according to the present invention can perform uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering by simply adjusting the pressing force that presses the cutting tool against the workpiece, and also can reduce the working time and perform efficient machining. .

It is a figure which shows the structure of the deburring tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a half cross section front view, (b) is a partial cross section top view. FIG. 6 is a half cross-sectional view showing an operation during processing of the deburring tool according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows operation | movement of the initial length adjustment means of the deburring tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) upper half shows the state in which a stem exists in a retreat end, and the lower half pulls out a stem and is initial stage The state of adjusting the length is shown. (B) is a half sectional view showing a state in which the pressing force by the spring member is increased.

  A deburring tool 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 as appropriate. The deburring tool 1 is attached to a spindle device of a machine tool (not shown) such as a machining center and rotates a cutting tool T (see FIG. 2) while deburring, chamfering, polishing, etc. of the workpiece W (see FIG. 2). It is a tool for performing various processes.

  In the present invention, for convenience of explanation, the term “blade” is used, but it is not intended to be limited to a cutting tool, but means a “tool” that rotates and processes the workpiece W. included.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the deburring tool 1 is a cylindrical shank 2 that is mounted on a spindle device of a machine tool (not shown) and rotated, and is movable in the axial direction with respect to the shank 2. The inserted stem 3, the collet 4 that is a blade holding means for holding the cutting tool T (see FIG. 2), and the cutting tool that guides the collet 4 movably in the axial direction with respect to the stem 3 and rotates integrally in the rotation direction. The collet holder 50 and the pin 51 constituting the guide means 5, the spring member 6 for urging the collet holder 50 in the direction of pressing the work W (see FIG. 2) against the stem 3, and the initial length of this spring member Initial length adjusting means 8 for adjusting the pressing force by adjustment.

  In the deburring tool 1 according to the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the shank 2 side is referred to as a rear part (rear), and the collet 4 side is referred to as a front part (front). Is used.

  The shank 2 is a substantially cylindrical member in which a flange 21 is formed. The outer peripheral portion on the rear side is mounted on a spindle device of a machine tool (not shown), and the housing 22 is screwed on the outer peripheral portion on the front side. It has been entered. An end cover 23 is attached to the rear end of the shank 2, and an air vent hole 23 a is formed in the end cover 23. An initial length adjusting means 8 to be described later is provided in the inner periphery of the shank 2.

The stem 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is inserted into the shank 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction with a predetermined clearance. Since the stem 3 is connected to the shank 2 via a clutch mechanism 9 to be described later, the stem 3 can be connected or released so as to rotate as a unit with respect to the rotation direction.
A pin 51 is inserted and fixed to the front side of the stem 3 so as to penetrate from the outer peripheral portion in the diameter direction. The pin 51 is inserted into a long hole 52 formed in the collet holder 50 and constitutes the blade guide means 5. On the rear side of the stem 3, a screw portion 31 is formed on the inner peripheral portion. The threaded portion 31 is screwed with a spring receiver 81 that constitutes an initial length adjusting means 8 described later.

  The collet 4 is a chuck member for screwing into the collet holder 50 and mounting the cutting tool T (see FIG. 2) on the collet holder 50, but various forms can be adopted depending on the type of the cutting tool T. Detailed description is omitted.

The blade guide means 5 includes a collet holder 50 that supports the collet 4, a pin 51 that is inserted into and fixed to the stem 3, and a long hole 52 formed in the collet holder 50.
The collet holder 50 is a member having a cylindrical shape, and the collet 4 is inserted in the front part, and a long hole 52 (see FIG. 1B) that penetrates in the diameter direction and extends in the axial direction is formed in the body part. A spring seat 53 that supports the spring member 6 is formed at the rear end portion. The pin 51 is inserted through the long hole 52, and the collet holder 50 and the stem 3 are connected.

In this way, the blade guide means 5 connects the collet holder 50 and the stem 3 via the pins 51 fixed to the collet holder 50, so that the collet holder 50 rotates as a unit with the stem 3, while moving in the axial direction. To be able to move.
Since the rear end portion of the collet holder 50 is urged forward by the spring member 6, as shown in FIG. Since the collet holder 50 moves in the axial direction against the pressing force of the spring member 6 while being inserted into the tool, the tool length can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction according to the shape of the workpiece W.

  In this embodiment, the blade guide means 5 is mainly composed of the pin 51 and the elongated hole 52, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which the blade tool guiding means 5 is slidably connected by a so-called spline or key member is adopted. Also good.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the initial length adjusting means 8 includes a spring receiver 81 screwed into a screw portion 31 formed on the inner peripheral portion of the stem 3, and the spring receiver 81 rotates with respect to the shank 2. Guide shaft 82 that is a sliding guide member that guides the shaft 3 so as to be movable in an axial direction, a clutch mechanism 9 that transmits or disconnects the rotation of the shank 2 to the stem 3, and a retraction side of the axial movement of the stem 3 And a restricting portion 83 for setting a stop position (retreat end).

  The spring receiver 81 is formed of an annular member including an inner peripheral portion 81 a inserted into the guide shaft 82 and an outer peripheral portion 81 b screwed into the screw portion 31 of the stem 3. The inner peripheral portion 81a has a square hole shape with a square cross section, and a male screw that is screwed into the screw portion 31 is formed on the outer peripheral portion 81b.

The guide shaft 82 includes a screw-like support portion 82a and a guide portion 82b that extends in the axial direction from the support portion 82a. The support portion 82a is screwed and fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the rear end of the shank 2. The guide portion 82b is arranged so that the corner portion of the cross section through which the spring receiver 81 is inserted and guided has a rounded square bar shape and guides the spring receiver 81 along the central axis direction of the stem 3. Yes.
The guide shaft 82 guides the spring receiver 81 so as to be movable along the axial direction while restricting the rotation of the spring receiver 81, so that when the stem 3 is rotated with respect to the shank 2, the spring receiver 81 is moved in the axial direction. It can be moved (initial length adjusting means 8).

The clutch mechanism 9 includes an engaging portion 91 disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the stem 3, an engaged portion 92 disposed on the front end portion 24 of the shank 2, an inner peripheral end of the housing 22, and an engaging portion. 91, and a clutch spring 93 disposed between them.
The engaging portion 91 and the engaged portion 92 have a meshing mechanism such as a dog clutch, for example, and the stem 3 and the shank 2 rotate as a unit when both mesh with each other. The clutch spring 93 biases the engaging portion 91 toward the engaged portion 92.

  The restricting portion 83 is a stopper portion for setting the end of movement of the stem 3 on the backward side, and is a contact portion between the engaging portion 91 disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the stem 3 and the front end portion 24 of the shank 2. The engaging portion 91 is brought into contact with the front end portion 24 of the shank 2 to regulate the retracted end of the stem 3. By providing the restricting portion 83 on the end face (front end portion 24) of the shank 2, rigidity can be secured and durability can be improved.

  When the engaging portion 91 is in contact with the front end portion 24 of the shank 2, the rear end portion 32 of the stem 3 is not in contact with the support portion 82a of the guide shaft 82 or the end cover 23 of the shank 2. It has become.

  In the present embodiment, the restricting portion 83 is provided on the end face of the shank 2 in order to ensure rigidity and improve durability. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it depends on the tool specifications, load, etc. The stem 3 may be provided at the rear end portion 32, or a buffer member may be interposed.

The operation of the deburring tool 1 according to this embodiment configured as described above will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
As shown in the upper half of FIG. 3A, the deburring tool 1 according to the present embodiment moves the stem 3 rearward by the urging force of the clutch spring 93 during the deburring process. Since 9 engages and engages, the rotation of the shank 2 by the driving force of the machine tool (not shown) is transmitted to the stem 3 and the blade T is rotated integrally (see FIG. 2).

  On the other hand, during non-processing, as shown in the lower half of FIG. 3A, an operator (not shown) pulls the stem 3 forward against the urging force of the clutch spring 93 (see reference S). ) By moving and releasing the engagement of the clutch mechanism 9, the stem 3 can be rotated (see symbols R and L) relative to the shank 2 mounted on a machine tool (not shown).

  When the stem 3 is pulled forward (see reference S) and the stem 3 is rotated to the right (see reference R) when viewed from the front end side (left side of the paper) (see reference R), the spring receiver 81 is moved with respect to the stem 3. By moving in the forward direction, the pressing force at the time of processing by the spring member 6 (see FIG. 2) can be increased. Further, when the stem 3 is rotated to the left (see reference symbol L), the spring receiver 81 can be moved in the backward direction with respect to the stem 3 to reduce the pressing force by the spring member 6.

In this manner, the deburring tool 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can release the clutch mechanism 9 by moving the stem 3 in the axial pulling direction (see FIG. 3A). Lower half), the pressing force by the spring member 6 can be adjusted by rotating the stem 3 while being mounted on the spindle device of the machine tool.
Accordingly, the pressing force can be freely adjusted while being mounted on the spindle device of the machine tool without removing or replacing the deburring tool 1 from the machine tool. Since an appropriate pressing force can be set according to the shape of the workpiece W (see FIG. 2) and the like, uniform and highly accurate deburring and chamfering can be performed.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications.
For example, in this embodiment, in order to improve workability, the pressing force is adjusted while being mounted on the spindle device of the machine tool. However, an adjustment screw that adjusts the initial length by moving the spring receiver 81 or the like A known adjusting mechanism may be provided to adjust the pressing force in a state where the adjusting mechanism is detached from the spindle device of the machine tool.

1 Deburring tool 2 Shank 3 Stem 4 Collet (Blade holding means)
5 Cutting tool guide means 6 Spring member 8 Initial length adjusting means 9 Clutch mechanism 50 Collet holder 51 Pin 52 Slot 53 Seat 81 Spring receiver 82 Guide shaft (sliding guide member)
83 Restriction part 91 Engagement part 92 Engagement part T Cutting tool W Workpiece

Claims (3)

A cylindrical shank mounted on a spindle device of a machine tool and rotated;
A tool for holding a cutting tool, and a deburring tool for processing a workpiece by rotating the cutting tool,
A stem inserted in the shank so as to be movable in the axial direction;
A cutting tool guide means for guiding the cutting tool holding means in an axial direction with respect to the stem;
A spring member that urges the blade holding means in a direction to press the workpiece against the stem;
An initial length adjusting means for adjusting an initial length of the spring member to adjust a pressing force by the spring member;
A deburring tool characterized by comprising: The initial length adjusting means is formed by forming the stem into a cylindrical shape, and a thread portion formed on an inner peripheral portion of the stem,
A spring receiver screwed into the threaded portion to regulate the initial length of the spring member;
A sliding guide member that guides the spring receiver movably in the axial direction while restricting rotation in the rotational direction with respect to the shank;
A clutch mechanism for transmitting or cutting the rotation of the shank to the stem,
The spring member is disposed between the blade holding means and the spring receiver, and a restricting portion for restricting the retracted end of the stem is provided;
The deburring tool according to claim 1. The clutch mechanism includes an engaging portion disposed on the stem;
An engaged portion disposed in the shank;
A clutch spring that urges the engaging portion in the direction of the engaged portion to engage the engaging portion and the engaged portion;
The deburring tool according to claim 2, further comprising:

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