JP2014117275A - Insecticidal facilities and method by carbon dioxide gas for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide insecticidal facilities and method by carbon dioxide gas collectively destroying insect pests on plants such as strawberries on a massive scale without resort to agrochemicals.SOLUTION: The insecticidal facilities: have such a structure that is tightly closed by an airtight opening/closing door such as an airtight fastener and a water seal system and allows take-in/out of the plant; include a carbon dioxide gas injection opening/closing port at the lower part and a deflation opening/closing port at the upper part, and an internal gas circulation fan; comprises bags, containers, and chambers made of a material that does not permeate the carbon dioxide gas, and, when being tightly closed, little exchange gas between the inside and the outside. The insecticidal method using the insecticidal facilities includes: when destroying insect pests, setting the facilities inside temperature within a prescribed temperature using a thermoregulator; placing plants in the facilities and tightly closing the facilities; injecting the carbon dioxide gas from the carbon dioxide injection opening/closing port provided at the lower part; accumulating the carbon dioxide gas at the lower part; after exhausting air from the deflation opening/closing port in the upper part, closing the deflation opening/closing port to uniformize the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas using the internal gas circulation fan; and destroying the insect pests for a prescribed time while retaining the carbon dioxide gas concentration and the temperature within a prescribed concentration range and within a prescribed temperature range.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pest insecticidal facility and an insecticidal method suitable for killing insects on plants such as strawberries with carbon dioxide gas.

  Planting seedlings without pests in mainland facilities such as houses is considered an important means for reducing chemical pesticides in the mainland. Currently, chemical pesticides are used to kill insects. As a pest-killing method for plant seedlings instead of pesticides, a saturated water vapor flow adjusted to a specified temperature is generated so that it flows horizontally above the plant seedlings, and the time within a range in which the plant seedlings are not damaged by heat in the saturated water vapor flow A method of keeping only the exposure has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1.)

JP 2011-211201 A

  However, the method using chemical pesticides makes it difficult to spread chemical pesticides effectively on the back side of the leaves, which makes it difficult to kill pests with drug resistance and is difficult to kill. The pest-killing method uses a fan / heater unit, a humidifying nozzle, and a temperature / humidity sensor as a means of generating the saturated water vapor flow to be used, and controls the temperature and humidity at which the strawberry seedling is exposed to saturated water vapor based on the detection information and set time. There is a problem that a complicated control device is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a pest insecticidal apparatus and a pesticide method for killing pests with drug resistance without using chemical pesticides or complicated control devices. It is in.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the insect pest insecticidal device of the present invention has an airtight fastener, an airtight opening / closing door, and a structure that can be sealed by a water sealing method and can be taken in and out of a plant. It has an air vent opening / closing port, an internal gas circulation fan is installed, and it consists of bags, containers, and rooms made of materials that do not transmit carbon dioxide. The gas sampling port or carbon dioxide concentration meter detector can be installed at the upper, middle and lower parts of the equipment, and the temperature controller can be installed inside or outside the equipment to adjust the environmental temperature. Like that.

  When pests are killed, set the inside temperature of the bag, container, or room to be within the specified temperature range, place the plant in the equipment and seal it, and inject carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide injection opening at the bottom, Accumulate carbon dioxide at the bottom, discharge air from the air vent opening / closing port at the top, close the air vent opening / closing port, and use the internal gas circulation fan to equalize the carbon dioxide concentration, within the specified carbon dioxide concentration range and It is possible to kill insects in a predetermined time while maintaining the predetermined temperature range.

  According to the pest insecticidal equipment according to the present invention, it is possible to kill insect pests having drug resistance without using chemical pesticides or complicated control devices.

Front view of pest insect pouch bag set, shelf with frame and seedling box Set of pest insecticidal bag equipment, framed shelf and seedling box horizontal view

  Hereinafter, although the form of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this invention is not limited at all by this.

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a pest insecticidal bag equipment set using an airtight fastener, a framed shelf installed inside, and a plant seedling box from the front and side. The insect pest bag 1 is provided with airtight fasteners 2 starting at one end and ending at the other end on three sides other than the lower part of the front and rear parts. Can be brought in. The bag part of the insect pest-killing bag 1 includes a film layer made of polyolefin resin or polyvinyl chloride for performing thermal welding or high-frequency welding, and a gas barrier film layer made of aluminum-deposited polyester or ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. A gas barrier sheet laminated in multiple layers is prepared by welding, and the airtight fastener 2 is attached by welding the resin tape portion of the fastener and the insect pest-killing bag 1. The shape and material of the airtight fastener 2 are not particularly limited as long as the airtightness can be maintained, but it is a type of fastening fastener that can be opened and closed with a slider with an element attached to a tape with excellent fitting strength and airtightness. Those are preferred. The shelf 3 with a frame is designed so that a total of 16 plant seedling boxes 4 can be installed in 4 rows and 4 rows in a row, and 4 columns vertically. A frame that supports the ceiling part of 1 is installed, and each shelf has a plant seedling box 4 on which a seedling is planted. The gas is sufficiently circulated when the internal gas circulation fan 5 is operated after closing. The material of the shelf 3 with a frame is preferably made of metal and strong because the plant seedling box 4 is placed thereon. Also, the carbon dioxide gas inlet 6 is installed at the lower part of the side of the equipment of the bag, container or room, and the air vent opening / closing port 7 for discharging the internal air is installed on the diagonal line. In addition, gas sampling ports 8 are installed at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the facility so that the concentration of carbon dioxide inside can be measured. It is preferable that each opening / closing port has a tube projecting from the insect pest-killing bag 1 and is opened / closed by a pinch cock or a cock.

  After opening the airtight fastener 2 of the insect pest bag 1 and carrying the shelf 3 with the frame, a temperature regulator such as a heater is set so that the internal temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, and the plant seedling box 4 in which the seedling is planted is set. Place 16 boxes on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th tiers from the bottom. In order to install the internal gas circulation fan 5 in the first stage at the bottom, 14 boxes are placed in two places on the diagonal line of the first stage without placing the plant seedling box 4 in which seedlings are planted. An internal gas circulation fan 5 is installed, and a hole is made in the lateral surface of the insect pest insect kill bag 1 and the wiring 12 is sealed with a putty.

  The method of injecting carbon dioxide gas is to close the airtight fastener 2 and the gas sampling opening 8, open the carbon dioxide injection opening 6 and the air vent opening 7, and connect to the heating pressure regulator 10 of the carbon dioxide cylinder 9. The on-off valve 11 is opened, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is injected from the lower carbon dioxide gas injection opening / closing port 6, the carbon dioxide gas is accumulated in the lower part, and the air is discharged from the upper air vent opening / closing port 7. The amount of carbon dioxide injected is the product of the internal volume of the facility and the predetermined carbon dioxide concentration. After the injection, the air vent opening / closing port 7 is closed, the internal gas circulation fan 5 is operated, and the internal carbon dioxide concentration is increased. To make uniform. After homogenization, take out the homogenized gas from the gas sampling opening 8 and after confirming that the concentration is within a predetermined carbon dioxide concentration range with a carbon dioxide concentration meter, close the carbon dioxide injection opening 6 and leave it as it is. After leaving for a predetermined time, the airtight fastener 2 is opened with sufficient ventilation, and the gas inside is replaced with the outside air. Then, the plant seedling box 4 in which the seedling is planted is taken out and planted in a house or the like as it is.

  When using an airtight room, cover the entire room with carbon dioxide-blocking acrylic rubber paint, metal, or concrete without gaps, and cover the gaps with metal tape to maintain the airtightness of the door. . In addition, when implementing the water seal method, a cover that covers the ceiling and the periphery of the building is made with the gas barrier sheet, and the floor surface is covered with a carbon dioxide-blocking acrylic rubber paint or concrete. Cover it with the above gas barrier sheet, and the peripheral cover can be opened and closed up and down, and a groove is recessed in the place where the peripheral cover reaches the floor of the building, and water is applied to this groove, and the peripheral cover sheet The lower end of the tube is inserted into the groove to maintain airtightness. In addition, the carbon dioxide injection method, the injection amount, the air discharge method, the carbon dioxide gas homogenization method within the predetermined carbon dioxide concentration range, the method within the predetermined temperature range, and the like are the same as the method for the insect pest bag 1. .

  Moreover, the predetermined carbon dioxide gas concentration range at the time of killing spider mites, which are pests on strawberry seedlings, is 40% to 60%, the predetermined temperature range is 25 ° C. to 30 ° C., and the predetermined time is 24 hours.

  In the following, a pest insecticidal test using the equipment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  The insect pest bag 1 has a length of 1.6 m, a width of 1.6 m, a depth of 2.2 m (inner volume: 5,600 L), and a length of 4.8 m, one connected to three sides other than the lower part of the front and rear portions. The airtight fastener 2 is attached. The bag part of the insect pest bag 1 is made by welding a gas barrier sheet in which a polyvinyl chloride film layer and an aluminum vapor-deposited polyester gas barrier film layer are laminated in multiple layers. The installation of the airtight fastener 2 is made of a vinyl chloride fastener. This was carried out by welding the tape part and the insect pest bag 1. The frame-equipped shelf 3 is made of metal, has a height of 1.5 m, a width of 1.5 m, a depth of 2.1 m, and four shelves, and is carried into the insect pest bag 1 with the airtight fastener 2 opened. Since the environmental temperature was 28 ° C., the temperature adjustment by the temperature controller was not performed, and the plant seedling box 4 in which the strawberry seedlings having a length of 80 mm, a width of 358 mm, and a depth of 500 mm were planted 2 from the bottom of the framed shelf 3, A total of 16 pieces were placed in each of the third and fourth stages, 4 rows in the horizontal direction and 4 rows in the back. In the first row at the bottom, in order to install the internal gas circulation fan 5, 14 boxes are placed in two places on the diagonal line of the first row without placing the plant seedling box 4 in which the strawberry seedlings are planted. An internal gas circulation fan 5 was installed, and the wiring 12 was pierced through the lateral surface of the insect pest insect bag 1 and sealed with a putty, and the airtight fastener 2 was closed.

  After closing the gas sampling opening 8, the carbon dioxide injection opening 6 and the air vent opening 7 are opened, the opening / closing valve 11 connected to the heating pressure regulator 10 of the carbon dioxide cylinder 9 is opened, and the carbon dioxide gas is supplied. Injected. The amount of carbon dioxide injected is 3,300 L, which is the product of the internal volume of the equipment and the carbon dioxide concentration of about 60%. First, 30 L at 20 L / min and then 30 L at 90 L / min. After accumulating and discharging air from the air vent opening / closing port 7, the on-off valve 11 and the air vent opening / closing port 7 were closed, and the internal gas circulation fan 5 was operated to make the internal carbon dioxide gas concentration uniform. After homogenization, gas was sampled from the upper, middle and lower gas sampling ports 8 and the carbon dioxide concentration meter confirmed that the carbon dioxide concentration was about 60%. 6 was closed, and after 24 hours, the sample was again sampled to confirm the concentration of carbon dioxide gas, and it was confirmed that approximately 60% was maintained. Thereafter, the airtight fastener 2 was opened with sufficient ventilation, the gas inside was replaced with the outside air, and the plant seedling box in which the strawberry seedlings were planted was taken out. The state of the strawberry seedling was confirmed, but no withering occurred. Thereafter, the plants were planted in the house, and the occurrence of spider mites after 3 months was confirmed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pest insect bag 2 Airtight fastener 3 Frame shelf 4 Plant seedling box 5 Internal gas circulation fan 6 Carbon dioxide injection opening 7 Air vent opening 8 Gas sampling opening 9 Carbon dioxide cylinder 10 Heating pressure regulator 11 On-off valve 12 wiring

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a pest insecticidal bag equipment set using an airtight fastener, a framed shelf installed inside, and a plant seedling box from the front and side. The insect pest bag 1 is provided with airtight fasteners 2 starting at one end and ending at the other end on three sides other than the lower part of the front and rear parts. Can be brought in. The bag part of the insect pest-killing bag 1 includes a film layer made of polyolefin resin or polyvinyl chloride for performing thermal welding or high-frequency welding, and a gas barrier film layer made of aluminum-deposited polyester or ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. A gas barrier sheet laminated in multiple layers is prepared by welding, and the airtight fastener 2 is attached by welding the resin tape portion of the fastener and the insect pest-killing bag 1. The shape and material of the airtight fastener 2 are not particularly limited as long as the airtightness can be maintained, but it is a type of fastening fastener that can be opened and closed with a slider with an element attached to a tape with excellent fitting strength and airtightness. Those are preferred. The shelf 3 with a frame is designed so that a total of 16 plant seedling boxes 4 can be installed in 4 rows and 4 rows in a row, and 4 columns vertically. A frame that supports the ceiling part of 1 is installed, and each shelf has a plant seedling box 4 on which a seedling is planted. The gas is sufficiently circulated when the internal gas circulation fan 5 is operated after closing. The material of the shelf 3 with a frame is preferably made of metal and strong because the plant seedling box 4 is placed thereon. In addition, a carbon dioxide injecting opening / closing port 6 is installed in the lower part of the side surface of the bag, container, or room facility, and an air venting opening / closing port 7 for exhausting the internal air is installed on the diagonal line. In addition, gas sampling ports 8 are installed at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the facility so that the concentration of carbon dioxide inside can be measured. It is preferable that each opening / closing port has a tube projecting from the pest-insulating bag 1 and is opened / closed by a pinch cock or a cock.

Claims (8)

  Airtight fasteners, airtight opening and closing doors, and a structure that can be sealed with a water seal and can be taken in and out of the plant, have a carbon dioxide injection opening on the bottom and an air vent opening on the top, and have an internal gas circulation fan Insect pesticide equipment that consists of bags, containers, and rooms made of materials that do not allow carbon dioxide to permeate.   The pest insecticidal equipment according to claim 1, wherein a gas barrier sheet, paint, metal, concrete, and water that do not transmit carbon dioxide are used alone or in combination as a material for bags, containers, and rooms.   The pest insecticidal equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a shelf capable of storing plants is installed inside the equipment of the bag, container or room.   The carbon dioxide gas inlet is installed at the lower part of the side surface of the bag, container or room equipment, and an air vent opening / closing port for exhausting the air inside is installed on the diagonal line. Pest insecticidal equipment as described in.   The gas sampling port or the carbon dioxide gas concentration meter detector is installed at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the bag, container, and room equipment so that the internal carbon dioxide gas concentration can be measured. Pest insecticidal equipment as described in.   The pest insecticidal equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a temperature controller is installed inside or outside the equipment of the bag, container or room so that the environmental temperature can be adjusted.   When pests are killed, set the inside temperature of the bag, container, or room to be within the specified temperature range, place the plant in the equipment and seal it, and inject carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide injection opening at the bottom, Accumulate carbon dioxide at the bottom, discharge air from the air vent opening / closing port at the top, close the air vent opening / closing port, and use the internal gas circulation fan to equalize the carbon dioxide concentration, within the specified carbon dioxide concentration range and The insect pest-killing method using the insect pest-killing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the insecticide is killed in a prescribed time while maintaining a prescribed temperature range.   The predetermined carbon dioxide gas concentration range at the time of killing a spider mite which is a pest in a strawberry seedling is 40% to 60%, the predetermined temperature range is 25 ° C to 30 ° C, and the predetermined time is 24 hours. A pest insect killing method using the pest insect killing facility according to any one of the above.

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