JP2014117227A - Seeding and planting construction panel, and seeding and planting system and seeding and planting construction method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seeding and planting construction panel by which the time required for laying work can be sufficiently shortened.SOLUTION: The seeding and planting construction panel according to the present invention comprises: an approximately rectangular panel body; lattice-shaped grooves which extend in directions that match a circumference of the panel body and are provided for a front surface or a rear surface of the panel body; drain holes which are provided in rectangular cells partitioned by the lattice-shaped grooves and penetrate the panel body in a thickness direction; and water-retaining recesses provided in the rectangular cells and on the front surface of the panel body.

Description

  The present invention relates to a planting technique, and more particularly to a greening panel, a greening system using the same, and a greening method.

  As an environmental technology to alleviate the heat island phenomenon in urban areas and purify air pollutants, there is a growing interest in urban greening, especially rooftop greening. In addition to the effects described above, greening technology has the effect of greening the hearts of people and the greening space as a place for people to relax. Conventionally, it is known to bury a panel for greening construction having a water retention function under embankment in greening construction. Patent Document 1 below describes a plant vegetation panel having a large number of recesses.

Japanese Patent No. 2598386

  By the way, for example, when greening the rooftop of a commercial facility, there is a desire to shorten the construction period as much as possible. The present inventors reviewed each process until the greening system was completed, and examined whether there was an operation that could shorten the time. As a result, they found that there is room for improvement in the process of laying the greening panel.

  The present invention has been made based on the above examination by the present inventors, and provides a greening construction panel that can sufficiently shorten the time required for laying work, and a greening system and a greening construction method using the same. With the goal.

  The panel for greening construction according to the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as “panel” in some cases) extends in a direction that coincides with the substantially rectangular panel body and the peripheral edge of the panel body, and is provided on the front surface or the back surface of the panel body. A grid-shaped groove, a drain hole provided in a rectangular cell defined by the grid-shaped groove and penetrating the panel body in the thickness direction, and a water retaining recess provided in the surface of the panel body in the rectangular cell With. Here, “substantially rectangular” means a quadrangle (specifically, a square and a rectangle) in which all four corners are right angles or a shape that can be substantially equated with the quadrangle in terms of function.

  In the process of laying the panel on the construction surface, a panel of a predetermined size (for example, 1 m in length × 1 m in width) is laid down, and the size and shape are adjusted by cutting the panel at the periphery of the construction surface. . Conventional panels were cut using a ruler and a cutter. On the other hand, since the panel of the present invention is provided with a grid-like groove on the front or back surface of the panel body, a cutter blade can be inserted into this groove and cut along the groove, so that it is not necessary to use a ruler. Thereby, the cutting operation of the panel can be made efficient, and the time required for the laying operation of the panel can be shortened. In addition, it is preferable that the lattice-shaped grooves are provided on the surface of the panel body from the viewpoint that the front and back of the panel do not have to be turned over after cutting the panel. A typical use of the panel is rooftop greening.

  When the lattice-shaped grooves are provided on the surface of the panel body, the lattice-shaped grooves are the first groove that extends without being interrupted in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the panel body, and the first groove that is interrupted before the first groove. It may be configured by a second groove that does not intersect the groove (see FIG. 1). By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to have not only a function for cutting the lattice-shaped grooves but also a function of dispersing water and a function of retaining water. That is, by making the first grooves of the adjacent panels communicate with each other, the water that has reached the first groove of a certain panel can be introduced and dispersed through the first groove to the adjacent panel. On the other hand, since the second groove is interrupted in the middle, the water that has reached the second groove can be stored in the second groove.

  The rectangular cell defined by the lattice-shaped grooves may have a rib structure portion having the following configuration. That is, the rectangular cell has a rib structure portion that extends along the diagonal line of the rectangular cell on the surface of the panel body and has a drain hole at a location where the diagonal line intersects, and the peripheral edge portion and the rib structure of the rectangular cell. The region other than the portion may be a water retaining recess (see FIG. 1). By adopting the rectangular cell having the above configuration, the mechanical strength of the panel can be sufficiently increased even when a panel body having a relatively small thickness is employed. The thin panel body contributes to the weight reduction of the panel, and the light panel is particularly useful for rooftop greening construction. In addition, the high mechanical strength suppresses panel breakage during transportation and laying operations.

  In the panel, the drainage holes are provided at the intersections of the diagonal lines of the rectangular cells, and the rectangular cells extend along the diagonal lines on the back surface of the panel body and are provided so as to sandwich the drainage holes on the diagonal lines. You may have a protruding part (refer FIG. 2). By providing the above raised portion on the back surface of the panel body and providing a gap between the laying surface (the surface of the water-impermeable sheet described later) and the back surface of the panel, the stagnation of water flowing out to the back surface side of the panel body through the drainage holes Can be suppressed.

  The present invention provides a greening system using the panel. The greening system of the present invention includes an impermeable sheet laid on a construction surface, the panel laid on the impermeable sheet, a permeable sheet laid on the panel, and the permeable sheet. And soil to be laid. Since the greening system of the present invention employs the above panel, it can be constructed in a sufficiently short construction period.

  This invention provides the greening construction method using the said panel for greening construction. The greening construction method of the present invention includes a step of laying a water-impermeable sheet on a construction surface, a step of laying the panel on the water-impermeable sheet, a step of laying the water-permeable sheet on the panel, A step of laying soil on the sex sheet and a step of planting a plant in the soil. According to the greening construction method of the present invention, when the panel is spread, the size of the panel can be easily adjusted according to the size or shape of the construction surface, and the greening construction can be completed in a sufficiently short construction period.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the size of the greening construction panel can be adjusted easily according to the magnitude | size or shape of a construction area, and the time required for the operation | work which lays the greening construction panel can fully be shortened.

It is a perspective view which shows the surface of the panel for greening construction which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the back surface of the panel for greening construction shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the surface of the panel for greening construction shown in FIG. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the cross-sectional shape of a groove | channel typically. It is VI-VI sectional drawing of FIG. It is VII-VII sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state in which the adjacent panels were connected by the joint part. It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the greening system of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which spread the panel of the size as it is on the water-impermeable sheet. It is a perspective view which shows the state which spread | laid the panel of the size as it was, and the cut | disconnected panel on the water-impermeable sheet.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and a duplicate description is omitted. Here, although the panel used for rooftop greening construction is demonstrated, the use of the panel for greening construction concerning the present invention is not limited to this.

<Greening panel>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a front surface F1 of the greening construction panel 10 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a back surface F2 of the panel 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the panel 10 includes a substantially rectangular panel body 1, a grid-like groove 2 provided on the surface of the panel body 1, drain holes 3 penetrating the panel body 1 in the thickness direction, and a panel. And a water retaining recess 4 provided on the surface F1 of the main body 1.

  As a material of the panel 10, resin, wood, metal, concrete, or the like can be used. Among these, resin and wood are preferable from the viewpoint of lightness, and foamed resin is more preferable from the viewpoint of lightness, workability, and cost. A specific example is a beaded polystyrene foam. When using a polystyrene foam bead method, it is possible to manufacture a panel 10 having a desired shape by pre-foaming raw material beads comprising a polystyrene resin and a hydrocarbon-based foaming agent, filling the mold into a mold, and heating. .

  The panel 10 has a large number of rectangular cells 5 partitioned by the grid-like grooves 2, and specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, a total of 100 rectangular cells, 10 vertically and 10 horizontally. 5 The size of the rectangular cell 5 can be, for example, 100 mm long and 100 mm wide. The panel 10 includes a region where a large number of rectangular cells 5 are arranged vertically and horizontally, and a joint portion 6 that is provided at the peripheral edge of the panel 10 and is connected to an adjacent panel. The number (100) and the size (100 mm × 100 mm) of the rectangular cells 5 are not limited to these values.

  By providing the grid-like groove 2 on the surface F1 of the panel body 1, the size and shape of the panel 10 can be adjusted without using a ruler by inserting a cutter blade into the groove 2 and cutting along the groove 2. Easy to adjust. Thereby, the cutting operation of the panel 10 can be made efficient, and the time required for the laying operation of the panel 10 can be shortened.

  The lattice-like grooves 2 extend in a direction that coincides with the peripheral edges 1a and 1b. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1, the lattice-shaped grooves 2 include a first groove 2 a extending from one peripheral edge to the other peripheral edge without being interrupted in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the panel body 1, and the first groove 2 a. The second groove 2b is interrupted before the first groove 2a and does not intersect with the first groove 2a. Such a configuration is intended to give the lattice-like grooves 2 not only a function for cutting, but also a function of dispersing water and a function of retaining water. By communicating the first grooves 2a of the adjacent panels with each other, the water that has reached the first groove 2a of the panel 10 can be introduced and dispersed through the grooves 2a to the adjacent panel 10 (see FIG. 11). On the other hand, since the 2nd groove | channel 2b is interrupted on the way, the water which reached | attained the 2nd groove | channel 2b can be stored in the 2nd groove | channel 2b.

  The two first grooves 2 a traverse and longitudinally cross the panel body 1, and intersect at the approximate center of the panel body 1. The opening width of the first groove 2a (width W1 in FIG. 4) is preferably 2 to 5 mm, and more preferably 3 to 4 mm. If the opening width W1 is 2 mm or more, it is easy to insert the blade of the cutter into the groove 2a, and high working efficiency can be secured, and sufficient water conductivity can be secured after construction. On the other hand, if the opening width W1 is 5 mm or less, sufficient mechanical strength of the panel 10 can be ensured. The depth of the first groove 2a (width D1 in FIG. 4) is preferably 1 to 5 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and still more preferably 2 to 3 mm. If the depth D1 is 1 mm or more, high working efficiency of the cutting work by the cutter can be secured, and sufficient water conductivity can be secured after construction. On the other hand, if the depth width D1 is 5 mm or less, sufficient mechanical strength of the panel 10 can be ensured.

  The second groove 2b is provided so that the four regions 10A partitioned by the two first grooves 2a are further partitioned into 25 regions (rectangular cells 5). The second grooves 2b extending in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction intersect with each other, whereas the second groove 2b is interrupted before the first groove 2a and does not intersect with the first groove 2a. In addition, the panel body 1 is also cut off before the peripheral edges 1a and 1b. By not allowing the adjacent region 10A and the adjacent panel 10 and the second groove 2b to communicate with each other, the water that has reached the second groove 2b can be stored in the second groove 2b as described above.

  The opening width of the second groove 2b (width W2 in FIG. 4) is preferably 2 to 5 mm, and more preferably 3 to 4 mm. If the opening width W2 is 2 mm or more, it is easy to insert the blade of the cutter into the groove 2b, and high working efficiency can be secured, and sufficient water retention can be secured after construction. On the other hand, if the opening width W2 is 5 mm or less, sufficient mechanical strength of the panel 10 can be ensured. The depth of the second groove 2b (width D2 in FIG. 4) is preferably 1 to 5 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and still more preferably 2 to 3 mm. If the depth D2 is 1 mm or more, high working efficiency of the cutting work by the cutter can be secured, and sufficient water retention can be secured after construction. On the other hand, if the depth width D2 is 5 mm or less, sufficient mechanical strength of the panel 10 can be ensured.

  Although the cross-sectional shape of the groove 2 (grooves 2a and 2b) is not particularly limited, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, a trapezoid, a rectangle, a semicircle, a triangle, a combination of a straight line and an arc, or the like can be given. Among these, when the panel 10 is manufactured using a mold, a trapezoid having a wide width on the opening side from the viewpoint of ease of mold manufacture and securing a draft angle at the time of mold processing (FIG. 5A). Is preferred. When the cross-sectional shape of the grooves 2a and 2b is the trapezoid shown in FIG. 5A, the angle formed by the two side surfaces of the groove (angle θ in FIG. 4A) is preferably 30 to 90 °, more preferably It is 45-75 degrees. The first groove 2a and the second groove 2b may have the same or different opening width, depth, and shape.

  The rectangular cell 5 has a drain hole 3 provided at the center thereof, and four water retaining recesses 4 arranged around the drain hole 3. In other words, the arrangement and shape of the four water retaining recesses 4 are designed so that the respective rib cells 7 having the following configuration are formed in each rectangular cell 5. That is, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1, the rectangular cell 5 has a rib structure that extends along the diagonal line of the rectangular cell 5 on the surface F <b> 1 of the panel body 1 and has drain holes 3 at the intersection of the diagonal line. Part 7. As a result, the region other than the peripheral portion (the portion where the groove 2 is provided) of the rectangular cell 5 and the rib structure portion 7 is the water retaining recess 4.

  By providing the rib structure portion 7 in each rectangular cell 5, the mechanical strength of the panel 10 can be sufficiently increased even when the panel body 1 having a relatively small thickness is employed. The thin panel body 1 contributes to weight reduction of the panel 10, and the light panel 10 is particularly useful for rooftop greening construction. Further, the high mechanical strength suppresses the panel 10 from being damaged during transportation or laying work. The thickness of panel body 1 (thickness T in FIG. 4) is preferably 10 to 20 mm, more preferably 15 to 20 mm.

  The rectangular cell 5 has the drainage hole 3 in the location where a diagonal line cross | intersects as above-mentioned. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the upper opening 3 a of the drain hole 3 is provided on the highest surface of the panel body 1 and in the portion where the groove 2 does not exist (that is, the rib structure portion 7). Thereby, the high dispersibility of water can be achieved. For example, when the upper opening 3a is formed at a position where the groove 2 is divided or the surface F1 is provided with a lower surface than the rib structure portion 7 and the upper opening 3a is formed there, the water that has reached the panel 10 is drained. 3 immediately flows to the back surface F2 side, and the diffusion of water tends to be insufficient.

  Next, the configuration of the back surface F2 of the panel 10 will be described with reference to FIG. The panel 10 is a back surface F2, and has a raised portion 8 at a position corresponding to the rib structure portion 7 provided on the front surface F1. Specifically, each rectangular cell 5 has four ridges 8, and these ridges 8 extend along the diagonal line of the rectangular cell 5 and are provided so as to sandwich the drain hole 3 on the diagonal line. ing. The raised portion 8 is for providing a gap between the laying surface (impermeable sheet) and the back surface F2 of the panel 10 (see FIG. 9). By providing the raised portion 8, it is possible to suppress stagnation of water flowing out to the back surface F <b> 2 side of the panel 10 through the drain hole 3.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the panel 10 has a circular concave portion on the back surface F <b> 2 in a rectangular region surrounded by the two raised portions 8 of the rectangular cell 5 and the two raised portions 8 of the adjacent rectangular cell 5. 9 The circular recess 9 is provided for reducing the weight of the panel 10 by providing a thin portion in the panel body 1. The mass per unit area of the panel 10 is preferably 0.2 to 0.6 kg / m ² , more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 kg / m ² . If the mass per unit area is 0.2 kg / m ² or more, it is easy to ensure the mechanical strength of the panel 10. On the other hand, if it is 0.6 kg / m ² or less, it is suitable for rooftop greening.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the letters “back” may be displayed on a part of the large number of circular recesses 9 so that the operator does not mistake the front and back of the panel 10. The shape of the recess 9 is not limited to a circle.

  The joint portion 6 provided at the peripheral edge of the panel body 1 also contributes to the improvement of work efficiency. As shown in FIG. 8, the convex portion 6a provided on the front surface F1 along the peripheral edge of the panel 10 and the concave portion 6b provided on the back surface F2 along the peripheral edge of the panel 10 to be arranged next thereto are fitted. By doing so, adjacent panels 10 can be connected without using an adhesive tape or an adhesive. In addition, when the joint part 6 is cut for adjusting the size of the panel 10, an adhesive tape or the like may be used as necessary when the panel 10 is laid.

<Greening system>
The greening system 100 according to the present embodiment is for planting turf on the roof using the panel 10. As shown in FIG. 9, the tree planting system 100 includes an impermeable root-resistant sheet (impermeable sheet) 20 laid on the roof construction surface R, a panel 10 laid on the root-resistant sheet 20, and A water-permeable sheet 30 laid on the panel 10, a soil 40 laid on the water-permeable sheet 30, and a lawn 50 planted in the soil 40. Since the greening system 100 employs the panel 10, it can be constructed with a sufficiently short construction period.

  The root-resistant sheet 20 is not particularly limited as long as it is a water-impermeable sheet, and for example, an Ecolobase (root-resistant) film (trade name) manufactured by Burmatel Co., Ltd. can be used. The water-permeable sheet 30 is not particularly limited as long as it is a water-permeable sheet, and a normal woven fabric or non-woven fabric can be used. Natural soil or artificial soil can be used as the soil 40, and it is preferable to use artificial lightweight soil from the viewpoint of weight reduction. Specific examples of the artificial lightweight soil include CC soil (trade name) manufactured by Ayaha Environmental Development Co., Ltd. and roof soil (trade name) manufactured by Masaki Envec Co., Ltd.

  The tree planting system 100 may further include an irrigation tube 45 embedded in the soil 40. The irrigation tube 45 has a large number of through holes 45a, and water is discharged from the through holes 45a. By periodically supplying water to the soil 40 through the irrigation tube 45, watering by a sprinkler, hose or watering can be eliminated. As a system having such a function, a Takagi automatic watering system manufactured by Takagi Co., Ltd. can be used. When embedding the irrigation tube 45, the depth of the irrigation tube 45 is not particularly limited, and may be a position in the soil 40 and relatively close to the ground surface as shown in FIG. It may be just above. Moreover, the tree planting system 100 may further include an edge member 60 provided so as to surround a region where the turf is planted.

<Greening method>
The greening construction method according to the present embodiment includes a step of laying the root-resistant sheet 20 on the roof construction surface R, a step of laying the panel 10 on the root-resistant sheet 20, and a water-permeable sheet 30 on the panel 10. A step of laying, a step of laying the soil 40 on the water-permeable sheet 30, and a step of planting the turf 50 in the soil 40. In the process of laying the panel 10, when the size or shape of the construction surface R cannot be handled by the size of the panel 10 as it is, the size of the panel 10 can be reduced by cutting with a cutter along the groove 2 of the panel 10. The shape can be easily adjusted. Since efficiency of this cutting work is achieved, the greening construction can be completed in a sufficiently short construction period.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the panel 10 having the same size (length 1 m × width 1 m) is spread on the root-resistant sheet 20. In the construction example shown in FIG. 10, a gap S <b> 1 of about 50 cm and a gap S <b> 2 of about 20 cm are opened between the spread panel 10 and the edge member 60. Therefore, for the gap S1 of about 50 cm, a new panel 10 may be prepared, and the panel 10a having a width of 50 cm may be prepared on site and spread by cutting the first panel 2a. On the other hand, with respect to the gap S2 of about 20 cm, a new panel 10 is prepared, and this is cut by the second groove 2b to produce a panel 10b having a width of 20 cm on site and spread. Through this operation, the panel 10 can be spread over substantially the entire area of the edge member 60 as shown in FIG.

  When the turf planting area is surrounded by the rim material 60 (see FIGS. 10 and 11), the rim material 60 may be installed at an appropriate stage according to the situation at the site, for example, prior to laying the root-resistant sheet 20 Alternatively, it may be provided after the root-resistant sheet 20 is laid.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the grid-like grooves 2 are provided on the front surface F1 of the panel body 1 is illustrated as a particularly preferable form, but the grooves 2 may be provided on the back surface F2 of the panel body 1. Also in this case, the panel 10 can be cut without using a ruler.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the case where the grid-like groove | channel 2 was comprised by two types of groove | channels 2a and 2b was illustrated as a particularly preferable form, as long as it can cut | disconnect efficiently with a cutter, only one type of groove | channels or There may be three or more types, and all the grooves may cross each other or may not cross each other.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the case where all the rectangular cells 5 had the drain hole 3 and the recessed part 4 for water retention was illustrated, for example, one part rectangular cell 5 has the drain hole 3 or the recessed part 4 for water retention. It does not have to be.

  In the greening system and the greening construction method according to the above embodiment, the case where turf is planted on the roof has been illustrated, but the construction site is not limited to the roof, and other plants (for example, Averia) instead of or together with the turf Or olives).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Panel main body, 1a, 1b ... The peripheral edge of a panel main body, 2 ... Groove, 2a ... 1st groove | channel, 2b ... 2nd groove, 3 ... Drain hole, 4 ... Recessed part for water retention, 5 ... Rectangular cell, 7 ... Rib structure part, 8: Raised part, 10, 10a, 10b ... Panel for greening construction, 20 ... Root-resistant sheet (impermeable sheet), 30 ... Water-permeable sheet, 40 ... Soil, 50 ... Turf (plant) 100 ... Greening system F1 ... surface of greening construction panel, F2 ... back side of greening construction panel, R ... construction surface.

Claims (7)

A substantially rectangular panel body;
A grid-like groove provided on the front surface or the back surface of the panel body, extending in a direction matching the peripheral edge of the panel body;
A drainage hole provided in a rectangular cell defined by the lattice-like grooves and penetrating the panel body in the thickness direction;
A water retaining recess provided in the surface of the panel body in the rectangular cell;
Panel for greening construction equipped with.   The lattice-shaped grooves are provided on the surface of the panel body, and the first grooves extend without being interrupted in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction of the panel body, and the first grooves are interrupted before the first groove. The panel of Claim 1 comprised by the 2nd groove | channel which does not cross | intersect this groove | channel.   The rectangular cell has a rib structure portion that extends along a diagonal line of the rectangular cell on the surface of the panel body and has the drainage hole at a location where the diagonal line intersects, and a peripheral edge portion of the rectangular cell; The panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a region other than the rib structure portion is the water retaining recess.   The drainage hole is provided at a location where diagonal lines of the rectangular cells intersect, and the rectangular cell extends along the diagonal line on the back surface of the panel body, and sandwiches the drainage hole on the diagonal line. The panel as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which has the protruding part provided.   The panel as described in any one of Claims 1-4 which is for using it for rooftop greening construction. An impervious sheet laid on the construction surface;
The panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is laid on the water-impermeable sheet;
A water permeable sheet laid on the panel;
Soil laid on the water permeable sheet;
A greening system with Laying an impermeable sheet on the construction surface;
Laying the panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on the water-impermeable sheet;
Laying a water permeable sheet on the panel;
Laying soil on the water permeable sheet;
Planting a plant in the soil;
A greening construction method comprising:

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