JP2014066653A - Decontamination system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decontamination system capable of performing decontamination without depending on worker's intuition or skills and capable of recovering contaminants while washing.SOLUTION: A decontamination system comprises: a compressor; a dry ice feeder; a decontamination apparatus; and a dust collector. An air dryer for dehumidifying air is interposed between the compressor and the dry ice feeder. The decontamination apparatus comprises: a hood that is a container in which only its bottom surface is opened; wheels used for movement of the hood; a nozzle penetrating through a part of the hood to run into the hood; an aspiration port opened in a part of the hood; and an oscillating mechanism for reciprocating nozzle tips in a direction orthogonal to a moving direction of the hood. The oscillating mechanism interlocks rotations of the wheels with reciprocating motions of the nozzle tips. The nozzles are configured so as to be capable of feeding dry ice particles.

Description

  The present invention relates to a decontamination system, and more particularly to a system that removes contamination of asphalt pavement surfaces and concrete pavement surfaces using dry ice particles.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, a technique for removing contaminants from a surface of asphalt by using dry ice particles is already known.

JP 2003-300030 A

Although a method of decontaminating asphalt pavement surfaces contaminated with radioactivity using dry ice particles has been adopted in the field, the actual method has the following problems.
<1> First, the contaminants to be decontaminated are earth and sand fine particles to which radioactive substances such as cesium are adhered, and are mainly adhered to the concave portions of the pavement surface.
<2> When dry ice particles are sprayed on a contaminated pavement surface, dry ice is vaporized, and the energy used at that time lifts and removes the contaminants. It is.
<3> However, actually, as shown in Patent Document 1, an empty box-shaped case with an open bottom is placed on the pavement surface, and a dry ice particle is sprayed by inserting a nozzle into a slit opened on the ceiling. Only methods have been developed.
<4> In such a method, the decontamination effect varies greatly depending on the skill of the worker.
<5> Even if a transparent window is provided in a part of the case, the state of the inside is not visible because dry ice particles are scattered, and the progress of decontamination depends on the intuition and experience of workers. I must.
<6> For this reason, polite workers can be decontaminated reliably, but because they rely on intuition, it may take more time than necessary. Sometimes redoing occurs.
<7> Moreover, it is difficult to move while constructing by the above method, and there is much air leakage from an empty box-shaped case.
<8> Even if the above points are further improved, if the air jetted from the nozzle has moisture, the dust of contaminants removed along with the vaporization of dry ice will be adsorbed by the moisture and become heavy. The problem of not being able to dance is also known.
<9> If the dust does not rise inside the case, the dust that cannot be sucked in once and cannot be collected at the wind speed inside the case will adhere to the road surface again, increasing the decontamination efficiency. There will be no.

The decontamination system of the present invention that solves the above problems is composed of a compressor, a dry ice supply machine, a decontamination apparatus, and a dust collector, and an air dryer that dehumidifies air is interposed between the compressor and the dry ice supply machine. The decontamination equipment is a hood that is mounted on the carriage and is a container with only the lower surface released, a wheel that is used to move the carriage, and a nozzle or nozzles that are inserted into the hood through a part of the hood. And a suction port or openings that are opened in a part of the hood, and a swing mechanism that reciprocates the nozzle tip in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the hood. The reciprocating motion is interlocked so that dry ice particles can be supplied to the nozzle.
The decontamination apparatus includes a longitudinal link having one end pivotally supported on a wheel, a vertical link having one end pivotally supported on the longitudinal link, a left / right link having one end pivotally supported on the vertical link, The nozzle container includes a nozzle container that pivotally supports one end of the link, and the nozzle container is configured to reciprocate with a pin parallel to the moving direction of the hood.

Since the decontamination system of the present invention is as described above, at least one of the following effects can be obtained.
<1> Since the decontamination apparatus used in the decontamination system of the present invention can be linked with the moving speed and the speed of the reciprocating movement of the nozzle, the difference in skill among individual workers is not affected.
<2> The situation of contamination varies greatly depending on the site, but the optimum decontamination effect can be achieved if the test range is determined and the optimum amount of the decontamination device moving speed and the nozzle reciprocating speed are confirmed. Can do.
<3> When dust that should rise by the energy at the time of spraying dry ice adheres to moisture, it becomes heavy and reattaches to the road surface. However, if the system of the present invention is used after dehumidifying the air when blowing dry ice, it does not cause the phenomenon of moisture adhering to the dust, and the dust rises lightly in the hood and is efficiently sucked into the dust collector. Can be transported.
<4> As a result, a high decontamination effect can be ensured.

Explanatory drawing of the Example of the decontamination system of this invention. Explanatory drawing of the decontamination apparatus used with the decontamination system of this invention. Explanatory drawing from the plane of the decontamination apparatus. Explanatory drawing of a nozzle case. Explanatory drawing of a swing mechanism.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a decontamination system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall configuration (FIG. 1)
The decontamination system of the present invention basically includes a compressor A, a dry ice feeder C, a decontamination device D, and a dust collector E.
At that time, it is one of the features of the decontamination system of the present invention that an air dryer B for dehumidifying the air is interposed between the compressor A and the dry ice feeder C.

<2> Air dryer The air dryer B is a commercially available device, and its structure is well known.
For example, as refrigeration air dryer B, Orion Machinery Co., Ltd.'s "High Temperature Air-Responsive Air Dryer: RAX Series", Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd.'s "Refrigeration Air Dryer: HDN Series", or Anest Iwata Corporation “RDG-150C” and the like are commercially available.

<3> Decontamination Device The decontamination device D employed in the decontamination system of the present invention is a hood that penetrates a portion of the hood 1 mounted on the carriage 2, the wheel 21 used to move the carriage 2, and the hood 1. 1 includes a nozzle 3 inserted into 1, a suction port 4 opened in a part of the hood 1, and a swing mechanism 5 that reciprocates the tip of the nozzle 3 in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the hood 1.
Handles 6 are provided on both front and rear sides of the carriage 2, and a control panel 61 is attached to the handles 6.
If the control panel 61 is detachable and the signal line is made long, it can be attached to any handle 6.

<4> Hood The hood 1 is a container in which the bottom of a hexahedron box is removed, and only the lower surface is released.
If all or part of the upper surface is made of a transparent material, the worker can grasp the internal decontamination state.
Inside this hood 1, dry ice particles are jetted, and dust, such as contaminants, asphalt, and concrete, fluttered off as a result.
The mixture of dry ice and dust is sucked by a suction hose 41 from a suction port 4 opened in a part of the hood 1 and collected by an external dust collector E.
A part of the hood 1 has an insertion port 32 into which the nozzle 3 for injecting dry ice particles into the hood 1 is inserted.
The nozzle 3 inserted into the insertion port 32 can swing in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction.
In this specification and the like, the moving direction of the carriage 2 and the hood 1 is expressed as the front-rear direction, and the direction orthogonal thereto is expressed as the left-right direction.

<5> Skirt A skirt 11 is provided around the bottom surface of the hood 1 or around the bottom surface of the carriage 2 in order to prevent dry ice particles and dust from scattering outside.
The skirt 11 is composed of a brush or a rubber plate, and the lower surface of the skirt 11 slides on the surface to be decontaminated when the hood 1 is moved.
A rubber plate and a brush are used properly so that the skirt 11 is not caught under the hood 1 during the movement.
It is also possible to install it twice in order to prevent scattering to the outside.

<6> Nozzle The nozzle 3 is a device for injecting dry ice particles, and is connected to the dry ice supply machine C for producing dry ice particles by an injection hose 33.
The tip of the nozzle 3 is inserted into the hood 1 through the insertion port 32 opened in the hood 1, and the distance between the tip and the paved surface can be adjusted.
The nozzle 3 is not directly attached to the hood 1 but can be inserted into the nozzle container 31 or attached or detached.
Since the spray angle of the nozzle 3 is not perpendicular to the surface to be decontaminated but toward the forward direction of the hood 1, the exhaust and dust of dry ice particles reflected on the target surface are collected in the hood 1. A direction can be given and it can be made to flow and can be led to the suction port 4.
When a plurality of nozzles 3 are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction, the injection ranges on the target surface are arranged so as not to overlap.
The distance between the tip of the nozzle 3 and the target surface is suitably 15 to 20 cm, but is not limited to that value.

<7> Nozzle container (Fig. 4)
The nozzle container 31 is a cylindrical body that is provided on the upper surface of the insertion port 32 provided in the hood 1 and penetrates in the vertical direction.
The nozzle container 31 is a container for detachably setting the nozzle 3. The nozzle 3 inserted into the nozzle container 31 can be tightened from the side with a bolt to fix its position, and can be extracted by loosening the bolt.
The nozzle container 31 itself is not fixed to the hood 1 but is installed so that it can swing in the left-right direction.
For this purpose, the nozzle container 31 is attached by being pivotally supported by a bracket 12 fixed to the hood 1 and a pin 13, and the direction of the pin 13 is parallel to the moving direction of the hood 1.
Therefore, the nozzle container 31 can swing in the left-right direction with the pin 13 as an axis.
One nozzle container 31 or a plurality of nozzle containers 31 are installed in the hood 1 in parallel in the left-right direction.

<8> Swing mechanism (Fig. 5)
When the reciprocating motion of the nozzle 3 in the left-right direction is referred to as swinging, the swinging mechanism 5 for that purpose links the rotation of the wheel 21 and the reciprocating motion of the tip of the nozzle 3.
For this purpose, the swing mechanism 5 includes a longitudinal link 51 having one end pivotally supported on a part of the wheel 21, such as a gear integral with the wheel 21, and a vertical link 52 pivotally supported by one end of the longitudinal link 51, It is comprised with the right-and-left moving link 53 which axially supported one end to the up-and-down moving link 52.
One end of the left-right moving link 53 is attached to the nozzle container 31 that is pivotally supported by the pin 13 on the hood 1.
Then, the rotation of the wheel 21 causes the longitudinal movement link 51 to move forward and backward, and the longitudinal movement causes the vertical movement link 52 to move up and down.
The up-and-down movement of the up-and-down movement link 52 is the left-and-right movement of the left-and-right movement link 53, and this left-and-right movement is the reciprocating movement of the nozzle container 31 that is pivotally supported by the pin 13.
Then, since the nozzle 3 inserted and set in the nozzle container 31 repeats the left and right movement inside the hood 1, the dry ice particles from the nozzle 3 are sprayed evenly within a certain range.
If the length of the link is adjusted so that the nozzle 3 makes one reciprocation by one rotation of the link drive shaft 54, the range of dry ice particle injection leakage does not occur.

<9> Suction Port A suction port 4 is opened in a part of the hood 1 and connected to a suction hose 41, and the suction hose 41 is connected to a storage tank of the dust collector E.
Then, the contaminants that have risen in the hood 1 can be sucked from the suction port 4 and guided to the tank of the external dust collector E.
In this case, since the carbon dioxide vaporized and the dust of the polluted contaminants are sucked, unlike the case of collecting the contaminated water, it can be easily collected by the filter of the storage tank.
When the skirts 11 are installed twice, contaminants leaking from the hood 1 can be sucked by installing one or more suction ports 4 between the inner skirt 11 and the outer skirt 11.

<10> Traveling mechanism A geared motor is installed in a part of the cart 2 described above.
Since the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the wheel 21 through a gear, self-running at an arbitrary speed is possible by inverter control or gear switching.
The carriage 2 can be moved forward and backward by rotating the motor forward and backward.
As described above, since the rotation of the wheel 21 drives the swing mechanism 5 through the gear and the link, the traveling speed and the swing speed can be controlled.
That is, if the vehicle travels slowly, the nozzle 3 swings slowly, and a careful peeling operation can be performed with dry ice particles.
If the traveling speed is increased in a place where the degree of contamination is low, the swing speed will no longer occur, and the amount of dry ice particles injected to a certain point will decrease.

<11> Usage Method Next, a method for removing contaminants, for example, on asphalt pavement and concrete pavement contaminated by radioactivity using the system of the present invention will be described.

<12> Flow of air Compressed air produced by pressurizing with the compressor A is not directly filled into the dry ice feeder C, but passes through the air dryer B on the way to greatly increase the moisture in the air. It reaches the dry ice feeder C in a reduced state.
Therefore, the granular dry ice supplied to the dry ice supply machine C is supplied to the decontamination apparatus D by air with low humidity.

<13> Determination of spraying speed The principle of removing surface contamination with dry ice particles ejected from the decontamination device D is based on the function of lifting and stripping off contaminants with the energy when the dry ice particles vaporize as described above. .
Therefore, a part of the decontamination range is set as a test range, the decontamination apparatus D is moved at several stages, and the amount of radioactivity before and after the removal operation is measured.
Based on the result, the optimum speed at the site is determined, and this numerical value is set as the frequency of inverter control on the operation panel 61.

<14> Decontamination work The above test determines the optimum speed of the decontamination apparatus D at the site. After that, the same speed is maintained, and the same amount of dry per unit area can be obtained at any position. Ice particles can be ejected from the nozzle 3.
Therefore, the intuition and skill of the worker are not affected.
Dust separated from the pavement surface by the spraying of dry ice particles in the decontamination apparatus D rises into the hood 1.
At that time, since dry ice is sprayed from the nozzle 3 together with the low humidity air that has passed through the air dryer B, a phenomenon in which dust adheres to moisture and adheres to the road surface again does not occur.
Therefore, dust can be sufficiently recovered even by a low negative pressure in the hood.
Thus, the lightweight dust which does not adhere to moisture reaches the dust collector E through the suction hose 41 by the negative pressure from the suction port 4 of the decontamination device D, and can be taken into the tank provided with the filter of the dust collector E.
Since contaminants accumulated through the suction hose 42 are adsorbed on the filter of the dust collector E, this filter is discarded.

A: Compressor B: Air dryer C: Dry ice feeder D: Decontamination equipment E: Dust collector 1: Hood 2: Wheels 3: Nozzle 31: Nozzle container 4: Suction port 5: Swing mechanism 6: Bottom plate

Claims (2)

Consists of a compressor, dry ice supply machine, decontamination equipment and dust collector,
An air dryer that dehumidifies the air is interposed between the compressor and the dry ice feeder,
The decontamination equipment
A hood that is mounted on the carriage and is a container that only releases the bottom surface;
Wheels used for moving the carriage,
One or more nozzles inserted through the hood and into the hood, and one or more suction ports opened in the hood;
Consists of a swing mechanism that reciprocates the nozzle tip in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the hood,
The head swing mechanism is configured to interlock the rotation of the wheel and the reciprocating movement of the nozzle tip, and is configured to supply dry ice particles to the nozzle.
Decontamination system. The above decontamination equipment
A longitudinal link that pivotally supports one end of the wheel;
A vertically moving link that pivotally supports one end of the longitudinally moving link;
A left-right motion link with one end pivotally supported by a vertical motion link;
It consists of a nozzle container that pivotally supports one end of the left-right link,
The nozzle container is configured to reciprocate with a pin parallel to the moving direction of the hood,
The decontamination system according to claim 1.

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