JP6147583B2 - Decontamination equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a decontamination apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus that removes contamination of asphalt pavement surfaces and concrete pavement surfaces using dry ice particles.

  A technique for decontamination using dry ice particles is already known as shown in Patent Document 1.

JP2003-300030A.

Although a method of decontaminating asphalt pavement surfaces contaminated with radioactivity using dry ice particles has been adopted in the field, the actual method has the following problems.
<1> When dry ice particles are sprayed onto a contaminated pavement surface, dry ice is vaporized, and the action of lifting and stripping off filth with the energy in that case is performed. is there.
<2> However, as shown in Patent Document 1, in actuality, an empty box-shaped case with an open bottom is placed on the pavement surface, and a dry ice particle is sprayed by inserting a nozzle into a slit opened in the ceiling. Only methods have been developed.
<3> In such a method, the decontamination effect varies greatly depending on the skill of the worker.
<4> Even if a transparent window is provided in a part of the case, the state of the inside is not visible because dry ice particles are scattered, and the progress of decontamination depends on the intuition and experience of workers. I must.
<5> Careful workers can be decontaminated with certainty for this purpose, but since they rely on intuition, it may take more time than necessary. Sometimes redoing occurs.
<6> Moreover, it is difficult to move while constructing by the above method, and there is much air leakage from an empty box-shaped case.
<7> The dry ice injection time corresponding to the degree of road surface contamination and the adjustment of the injection angle are not taken into consideration.

In order to solve the problems as described above, the decontamination apparatus of the present invention includes a hood that is a container having only a lower surface opened, a bottom plate provided on the lower surface of the hood, and a dust collection slit formed by opening the bottom plate, Mounted on the swash plate that is provided so that the gap is narrowed downward from the bottom plate before and after the dust collection slit, the wheel that moves the hood, the inclined plate that is attached to the upper surface of the hood so that the angle can be adjusted, and the inclined plate One or more nozzles that are inserted into the hood through the inclined plate and the tip of the nozzle is disposed on one swash plate side, and open on a part of the hood to the other swash plate side Consists of one or a plurality of arranged suction ports and a swing mechanism that reciprocates the nozzle tip in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the hood, and the nozzle swing is interlocked with the rotation of the motor on the inclined plate, The nozzle can be supplied with dry ice particles Form in which was characterized by a kite.
In the above decontamination apparatus, the inclination angle of the inclined plate can be adjusted and fixed.

Since the decontamination apparatus of the present invention is as described above, at least one of the following effects can be obtained.
<1> The situation of contamination varies greatly depending on the site, but it is possible to determine the test range and reflect the results, and determine the nozzle reciprocating speed and nozzle injection angle. There is no influence of the difference, and the optimum decontamination effect can be achieved.
<2> A nozzle is mounted on an inclined plate capable of adjusting the angle, and its tip is inserted into the hood through the inclined plate. Therefore, the nozzle injection angle, that is, the collision angle of the dry ice particles with the ground surface can be adjusted by adjusting the angle of the inclined plate. With this function, it is possible to perform optimum processing according to the degree and state of contamination.

Explanatory drawing by the cross section of the Example of the decontamination apparatus of this invention. Explanatory drawing by the plane. Explanatory drawing of a nozzle case. Explanatory drawing of a swing mechanism. The side view of the Example of the structure of an inclination board. Explanatory drawing of the Example of a suction part. Explanatory drawing of the Example of a baseplate.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a decontamination apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall configuration (FIG. 1)
The decontamination apparatus of the present invention includes a hood 1 mounted on a carriage 2, a wheel 21 for moving the carriage 2, an inclined plate 8 mounted on the hood 1, and a nozzle container 31 mounted on the inclined plate 8. The nozzle 3 accommodated in the nozzle container 31, the swing mechanism 5 for reciprocating the nozzle container 31, and the suction port 41 opened in a part of the hood 1.
A wheel 21 is provided on a part of the hood 1 or outside of the hood 1 so that the carriage 2 including the hood 1 can be moved.
Handles 7 are provided on both front and rear sides of the carriage 2, and a control panel 71 is attached to the handles 7.
If the control panel 71 is detachable and the signal line is made long, it can be attached to any handle 7.
In the description of the present specification and claims, the moving direction of the apparatus of the present invention is expressed as the front-rear direction, and the direction orthogonal thereto is expressed as the left-right direction.

<2> Hood The hood 1 is a container in which the bottom of a hexahedral box is pulled out, and is a container in which only the lower surface is released.
If all or part of the upper surface is made of a transparent material, the worker can grasp the internal decontamination state.
Inside the hood 1, dry ice particles are sprayed, and dust such as earth and sand to which the separated contaminants adhere is soared.
The mixture is sucked by a suction hose 42 from a suction port 41 opened in a part of the hood 1 and collected outside.

<3> Inclined plate (Fig. 5)
An inclined plate 8 is attached to the upper surface of the hood 1.
The inclined plate 8 has a pin arranged in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the apparatus of the present invention as a rotation shaft 84 and is attached to be inclined in a direction away from the upper surface of the hood 1 via the rotation shaft 84.
Therefore, the inclined plate 8 can be manually caused gradually from the upper surface of the hood 1.
In order to maintain the raised state, the guide rail 81 is raised along the side surface of the inclined plate 8.
The guide rail 81 is an arcuate plate or rail, and the curve drawn by the arc is an arc drawn with the rotation shaft 84 supporting one point of the inclined plate 8 as a center.
If the guide rail 81 and the inclined plate 8 are fastened by the positioning bolt 83, the caused posture of the plate can be maintained.
Since the nozzle 3 is attached in a state of penetrating the arc plate, when the inclined plate 8 is caused, the spray angle of the nozzle 3 with respect to the ground surface can be changed.
In this way, the injection angle of the nozzle 3 can be injected at an optimum angle in the forward direction with respect to the target contaminated surface by the angle caused by the inclined plate 8, so that the exhaust of dry ice particles reflected on the contaminated surface and The dust can be caused to flow in the hood 1 and flow to the suction port 41.
The adjustment of the angle of the inclined plate 8 is not limited to the above mechanism, and a known angle adjusting mechanism such as a screw jack or a pantograph mechanism can be employed.

<4> Skirt A skirt 11 is provided around the bottom surface of the hood 1 in order to prevent dry ice particles and dust from splashing outside.
The skirt 11 is composed of a brush, a rubber plate, a metal plate, a resin plate, and the like, and the lower surface of the skirt 11 slides on the surface to be decontaminated when the hood 1 is moved.
A rubber plate and a brush are used properly so that the skirt 11 is not caught under the hood 1 during the movement.
It is also possible to install it twice in order to prevent scattering to the outside.

<5> Nozzle The nozzle 3 is an apparatus for injecting dry ice particles, and is connected to an apparatus for producing dry ice particles by an injection hose 33.
The tip of the nozzle 3 penetrating the inclined plate 8 is inserted into the hood 1 through the insertion port 32 opened in the hood 1, and the distance between the tip and the pavement surface can be adjusted.
In order to make the distance adjustable, the nozzle 3 is not directly attached to the hood 1 but is inserted into the nozzle container 31 so that it can be attached or removed at a predetermined position.
When a plurality of nozzles 3 are arranged in parallel in the left-right direction, the injection ranges on the target surface are arranged so as not to overlap.
The distance between the tip of the nozzle 3 and the target surface is suitably 15 to 20 cm, but is not limited to that value.
In order to allow the nozzle 3 to reciprocate, the insertion port 32 opened in the hood 1 is horizontally long. However, a rubber plate is placed on the hood 1, and the rubber plate is placed on the top surface of the hood 1 in accordance with the movement of the nozzle 3. If it is configured to slide, the opening area of the insertion port 32 can be limited to a minimum.

<6> Nozzle container (Fig. 3)
The nozzle container 31 is a cylindrical body that is installed on the upper surface of the inclined plate 8 and penetrates in the vertical direction.
The nozzle container 31 is a container for detachably setting the nozzle 3. The nozzle 3 inserted into the nozzle container 31 can be tightened from the side with a bolt to fix its position, and can be extracted by loosening the bolt.
The nozzle container 31 itself is mounted on the inclined plate 8 by being pivotally supported by the bracket 12 and the pin 13. The direction of the pin 13 is parallel to the moving direction of the apparatus of the present invention. Swinging in the left-right direction is possible with the pin 13 as an axis.
One nozzle container 31 or a plurality of nozzle containers 31 are installed on the inclined plate 8 in parallel in the left-right direction.

<7> Swing mechanism (Fig. 4)
When the reciprocating movement of the nozzle 3 in the left-right direction is referred to as “swinging”, the swinging mechanism 5 for that purpose is composed of a swinging motor 54 and a left-right movement link.
The rotation speed of the swing motor 54 can be adjusted by inverter control.
The rotating plate 52 of the swing motor 54 mounted on the inclined plate 8, the rotating link 51 pivotally supported on the rotating plate 52, and the left and right moving link 53 pivotally supported on the rotating link 51 are configured.
The end of the left-right moving link 53 is attached to the nozzle container 31 that is pivotally supported on the inclined plate 8 by the pin 13.
Then, the rotation of the swing motor 54 becomes the left-right movement of the left-right movement link 53, and this left-right movement becomes the reciprocating movement of the nozzle container 31 pivotally supported by the pin 13 in the left-right direction.
Then, the tip of the nozzle 3 inserted and set in the nozzle container 31 repeats left and right movement while being exposed to the inside of the hood 1 through the inclined plate 8, so that the dry ice particles from the nozzle 3 are evenly distributed in a certain range. Will be injected.
Since the nozzle 3 reciprocates once in one rotation of the turntable 52, adjusting the diameter of the turntable and the length of the link so that the injection ranges of the adjacent nozzles 3 overlap each other causes the leakage of the injection of dry ice particles. There is no range.

<8> Suction port A suction port 41 is opened in a part of the hood 1 and connected to a suction hose 42, which is connected to a dust collector.
Then, the contaminants that have risen in the hood 1 can be sucked from the suction port 41 and guided to an external tank.
What is sucked in here is vaporized carbon dioxide and dust from the separated contaminants, and unlike the case of collecting contaminated water, it can be easily collected by the filter of the dust collector.
When the skirts 11 are installed twice, the contaminants leaking from the hood 1 can be sucked by installing one or more suction ports 41 between the inner skirt 11 and the outer skirt 11.

<9> Suction box (Fig. 6)
A suction box 4 is installed on the bottom plate 6 in the hood 1.
The suction box 4 has a suction port 41 opened at one end surface, and the side opposite to the suction port 41 is connected to an external dust collector different from the decontamination device via a suction hose 42.
The suction port 41 of the suction box 4 is opened immediately above the dust collection slit 61 opened in the left-right direction on the bottom plate 6, and the suction hose 42 is pulled out from the front direction of the carriage 22.
The forward direction is the side opposite to the installation side of the nozzle 3 when viewed from the dust collection slit 61.
A swash plate 62 is installed at positions before and after the dust collection slit 61, and a skirt 63 is attached to the lower edge of the swash plate 62.
The two swash plates 62 arranged in front of and behind the dust collecting slit 61 have a wide upper space and a narrow lower space.
When arranged in such a manner, the nozzle 3 is not directly downward but is arranged with a slight forward angle, so that the energy from the nozzle 3 can be efficiently introduced into the front suction port 41.
Thus, the contaminants that have risen in the hood 1 are sucked from the suction port 41 without changing the flow direction and guided to an external dust collector.
The suction is performed here because the vaporized carbon dioxide gas and the dust of the polluted contaminants can be easily recovered by the filter of the dust collector, unlike the case of recovering the contaminated water.
Further, if the suction port 41 has a replaceable structure, the suction flow rate can be adjusted by replacing the suction port 41 with one having a different opening size according to the decontamination object or the contamination status.

<10> Swash plate configuration (FIG. 7)
In the decontamination work, if the contaminants placed on the bottom plate 6 with the energy of the jet travel down the swash plate 62 and fall into the dust collecting slit 61, it is possible that the pavement surface is contaminated again.
Therefore, it is also possible to adopt a structure in which the swash plates 62 installed on both sides of the dust collection slit 61 are folded back into a “V” shape at the lower end instead of a simple plate.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the folded plate 64 is attached to the dust collecting slit 61 side of the swash plate 62 to form a V-shaped cross section.
Then, since the contaminant is captured by the V-shaped folded portion at the tip of the swash plate 62, the contaminant can be prevented from falling again from the slit 61.

<11> Traveling mechanism A geared motor is installed in a part of the above-described device.
Since the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the wheel 21 through a gear, self-running at an arbitrary speed is possible by inverter control or gear switching.
The carriage 2 can be moved forward and backward by rotating the motor forward and backward.

<12> Usage Method Next, a method for removing contaminants on, for example, asphalt pavement and concrete pavement contaminated with radioactivity using the above-described apparatus will be described.

<13> Determination of spray angle The principle of removing surface contamination with dry ice particles is based on the function of lifting and stripping off contaminants with the energy of vaporization of dry ice particles as described above.
Therefore, taking part of the decontamination range as a test range, the amount of radioactivity before and after the removal operation is measured by changing the spray angle of the nozzle 3, the swinging speed of the left and right of the nozzle 3, and the traveling speed of the apparatus in several stages.
In order to change the injection angle of the nozzle 3, the inclined plate 8 is gradually raised around the rotation shaft 84 and fixed to the guide rail 81 with the positioning bolt 83.
Adjustment of the swing speed of the nozzle 3 is performed by inverter control of the swing motor 54.
From these results, the optimum spray angle, swing speed, and moving speed of the carriage 2 at the site are determined, and these numerical values are set in the control panel 71 as the inverter control frequency.

<14> Decontamination work Since the optimum speed is determined by the above test, after that, it is possible to inject dry ice particles from the nozzle 3 from the same amount and the same angle per unit area at any position only by keeping the same speed. can do.
Therefore, the intuition and skill of the worker are not affected.
Dust separated from the dry ice particles by spraying the dry ice particles rises into the hood 1, but is taken into the tank equipped with the filter through the suction hose 42 by the negative pressure from the suction port 41.
Since dust and polluted gases are adsorbed on the filter, this filter is discarded.

1: Hood 2: Cart 21: Wheel 3: Nozzle 3
31: Nozzle container 32: Insertion port 4: Suction box 41: Suction port 42: Suction hose 5: Swing mechanism 51: Rotating link 52: Rotating disc 53: Left and right moving link 6: Bottom plate 61: Dust collecting slit 62: Swash plate 63: Skirt 64: Folding plate 7: Handle 71: Control panel 8: Inclined plate 81: Guide rail 82: Guide groove 83: Positioning bolt

Claims (2)

A hood that is a container with only the lower surface opened,
A bottom plate provided on the lower surface of the hood;
A dust collection slit formed by opening the bottom plate;
A swash plate provided so that the gap is narrowed downward from the bottom plate before and after the dust collecting slit;
Wheels that move the hood,
An inclined plate attached to the upper surface of the hood so that the angle can be adjusted,
One or more nozzles mounted on the inclined plate, the tip of which penetrates the inclined plate and is inserted into the hood and arranged on one swash plate side ,
One or a plurality of suction ports that are opened in a part of the hood and arranged on the other swash plate side ;
Consists of a swing mechanism that reciprocates the nozzle tip in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the hood,
The nozzle swing is linked with the rotation of the motor on the inclined plate.
The nozzle is configured to supply dry ice particles.
Decontamination equipment. The decontamination apparatus according to claim 1,
The inclination angle of the inclined plate is configured to be adjustable and fixed,
Decontamination equipment.

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