JP2013542573A - 水反応水素燃料電池電力システム - Google Patents
水反応水素燃料電池電力システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 400
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 266
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021336 sodium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;boron Chemical compound [B].N JBANFLSTOJPTFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010024769 Local reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910019443 NaSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 lithium aluminum hydride Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
Description
[0001]本出願は、2010年11月8日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/411,244号に対する優先権の利益を主張し、2010年3月30日に出願された米国特許出願第12/750,527号に関連し、それらの開示内容はすべて参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明は、米国エネルギー省によって認められたDE−FG36−08GO88108の契約番号の下、政府の支援によって行われた。米国政府は、本発明において一定の権利を有する。
NaBH4+2H2O→NaBO2+4H2
NH3BH3→NH2BH2+H2→NHBH+H2
図4Aは、燃料カートリッジ120が挿入された給水トレー130を示す。図示する燃料カートリッジ120は、アルミニウムキャニスタ421と水素ポート424を備えたプラスチックキャニスタキャップ423とを備えている。給水トレー130を、ベローズ/給水部491、弁およびポペット部492ならびに燃料カートリッジホルダ部493を含む3つの主な部分に分割することができる。給水トレー130は、燃料電池110を係合するかまたは取り付けるためのガイドレール662を備えることができる。給水トレー130を、熱可塑性材料、ポリカーボネート材料、PC/ABS混合材料、または燃料カートリッジ120の安全な取扱いを可能にする他の材料等、断熱プラスチックから作製することができる。図4Bの側面図に示すように、断熱プラスチックパターンの例は、プラスチックに、伝熱用の、かつ燃料カートリッジ120に水199が供給されるときに、燃料カートリッジ120から発生する熱を放散することができるように、スリット494または他の通気穴を含むことができる。さらに、発泡体、エアロゲル、シリコーン等、吹付けまたは他の断熱材料をキャニスタに追加して、使用者に対して断熱を提供し安全な取扱いを可能にし、かつ/または内部反応温度を上昇させるように断熱を提供することができる。さらに、断熱プラスチックは、給水トレー130用のスタンドを提供する脚495を含むことができる。断熱プラスチックはまた、強度および耐久性を追加するために傾斜ボス496を含むことも可能であり、断熱プラスチックを、給水トレーおよび燃料電池110の適切な嵌合を確実にする位置合せ装置として使用することも可能である。
図13A、図13Bおよび図14Aにさらに示すように、燃料カートリッジ120は、「水反応」クラスのカートリッジに対して設計されている。すなわち、燃料カートリッジ120内の反応燃料物質177は、水と化学反応する。化学反応によって水素ガスが発生し、それは、燃料電池110内で酸素または別の酸化剤と結合されて電気を発生させる。
上に概説したように、請求項に記載のシステムは、たとえばナトリウムシリサイド等の反応燃料物質および水を利用して水素を発生させる水反応燃料電池を組み込んでいる。請求項に記載の発明による一例としての燃料電池は、5V、500mA入力および5V、1000mA出力の定格の4固体高分子形(PEM)1000mAh燃料電池セルスタックを含む。請求項に記載の発明による一例としての燃料電池は、Li−イオン1600mAh内部バッファを備え、マイクロUSB充電入力ポートおよびUSB−A充電出力ポートを利用する。
Claims (36)
- 水素燃料電池システムであって、
燃料電池と、
反応燃料物質を含む燃料カートリッジと、
前記燃料カートリッジに動作可能に接続され、かつ前記反応燃料物質と反応して前記燃料電池用に水素を発生するように前記燃料カートリッジ内に水溶液を提供するように構成された燃料カートリッジと、
を含む水素燃料電池システム。 - 前記反応燃料物質が安定化アルカリ金属を含む、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記安定化アルカリ金属が、ナトリウムシリサイドまたはナトリウムシリカゲルおよび任意選択的に共反応物を含む、請求項2に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記水溶液が水を含む、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記給水トレー内の前記水溶液を加圧するように構成されたばねアセンブリを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記水溶液を受け取るように構成されたアクセスドアを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーの前記アクセスドアが、前記水溶液を受け取るロックされた開放位置に前記アクセスドアを配置するように構成されたラッチ棚を備える、請求項6に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記給水トレー内の前記水溶液を加圧するように構成されたばねアセンブリを備える、請求項7に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記ラッチ棚が、前記アクセスドアが前記ロックされた開放位置に配置されたときに、前記ばねアセンブリを荷重するようにさらに構成される、請求項8に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記アクセスドアが、ロック解除機構を備え、かつロック解除して、前記給水トレー内の前記水溶液に力を加えるように前記ばねアセンブリを起動させるように構成される、請求項8に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記燃料カートリッジに送達される前記加圧された水溶液の圧力を調整する逆止め弁として構成された通常閉弁を備える、請求項5に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記逆止め弁および前記ばねアセンブリが、前記燃料カートリッジに水溶液の制御された流れを提供するようにさらに構成される、請求項11に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが通常閉弁を備え、前記通常閉弁が、前記燃料カートリッジおよび前記燃料電池が前記給水トレーに接続されていないときに、前記水溶液が前記燃料カートリッジに移動するのを防止するように構成され、かつ、前記燃料電池および前記燃料カートリッジが前記給水トレーに接続されているときに開放するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーがばね機構を備え、前記ばね機構が、前記給水トレーに動作可能に接続され、かつ前記燃料電池が前記システムから分離されたときに、前記燃料カートリッジを水供給接続から排出するように構成される、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーがばね機構を備え、前記ばね機構が、前記給水トレーに動作可能に接続され、かつ前記燃料電池に対して前記燃料カートリッジを押して、前記システムの動作中に水素シールに対して必要な力を提供するように構成される、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーがラッチロック箇所を備え、前記ラッチロック箇所が、前記燃料電池からラッチを受け取るように構成され、かつ、前記システムの動作中に、前記燃料電池に対して前記燃料カートリッジを押して、前記燃料カートリッジと前記燃料電池との間に水素シール用の係合力を提供するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記燃料カートリッジに前記水溶液を送達するように構成された給水弁体を備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記給水トレーが、前記水溶液を保持するように構成されたベローズアセンブリを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記ベローズアセンブリが、前記ベローズアセンブリの内部に構成されたばねを備える、請求項18に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記ばねが、前記ベローズアセンブリが折り畳まれているときに、前記水溶液を加圧するようにさらに構成される、請求項19に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記ばねが、前記ベローズアセンブリが完全に折り畳まれたときに、前記水溶液を加圧するようにさらに構成される、請求項20に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジ内の反応条件を制御するように化学添加物を含む、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジ内の反応副生成物の表面張力を破壊する界面活性剤を含む、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジ内の前記反応副生成物がケイ酸ナトリウムを含む、請求項23に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジから前記燃料電池への水素流量を制御するように構成されたカートリッジ弁を備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記水トレー供給から前記燃料カートリッジまで水溶液を通すように構成されたニードル弁を備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記水溶液を前記反応燃料物質に分散させるように構成された反応供給チューブを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記反応供給チューブが、前記水溶液を前記反応燃料物質に均一に分散させるように構成されたT型取付具を備える、請求項27に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジ内に前記反応燃料物質を収容するように構成された反応物質保持スクリーンを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジ内で生成された水素ガスをろ過するように構成された水素隔離膜を備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料電池から分離されたときに水素ガスを貯蔵しない、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、防水性であり、かつ前記燃料カートリッジが水に浸漬したときに水素を発生させないように構成される、請求項31に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、再使用可能な燃料カートリッジ構成要素を提供するようにキャニスタ本体に動作可能に接続された上部キャップを備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジおよび前記給水トレーが、前記給水トレー内の逆止め弁、前記給水トレー内のばねアセンブリおよび前記燃料カートリッジ内のカートリッジ弁の構造により、前記燃料電池に水素の制御された流れを提供するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、金属キャニスタおよびプラスチックキャップを接合するように、巻上げ圧着部を備える、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
- 前記燃料カートリッジが、前記燃料カートリッジの安全な取扱いを可能にするように断熱燃料カートリッジである、請求項1に記載の水素燃料電池システム。
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CA2817086A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 |
EP2638593A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
EP2638593A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
US8632928B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
US20120115054A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
CN103477487A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
WO2012064749A1 (en) | 2012-05-18 |
MX2013005185A (es) | 2014-02-17 |
JP2016035928A (ja) | 2016-03-17 |
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