JP2013251363A - Actuator, and method of moving object by using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an actuator capable of utilizing excellent resonance characteristics at the maximum at voltage application.SOLUTION: An actuator has a power supply, an electrode, and a lamination body. (i) The lamination body includes conductive layers and oriented resin layers. (ii) The conductive layers and the resin layers are laminated alternately. (iii) The respective conductive layers are short-circuited by the electrode so that electric fields in reverse directions are applied to the resin layers adjacent via the respective conductive layers. (iv) A contacted object is moved by in-plane displacement of the resin layers caused by piezoelectric distortion. (v) An end surface parallel to a length direction of the lamination body is used as a surface contacted with the object to be moved.

Description

  The present invention relates to an actuator that exhibits resonance characteristics by applying a voltage, and a method of moving an object using the actuator.

Conventionally, as the polymeric piezoelectric material, poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) type, electret type (polyvinyl chloride), polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoride ethylene copolymer, vinylidene There are various types such as a ferroelectric type such as cyanide vinyl acetate copolymer. The most typical one is a ferroelectric type polyvinylidene fluoride film, which is already used for an ultrasonic probe or the like. A stretched product of polylactic acid is also known as a polymer piezoelectric material (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
It is known that a bimorph structure or a multimorph structure is formed using such a polymer piezoelectric material, and is used as a vibrating body such as a microphone, a pickup, a buzzer, a speaker, an optical switch, a fan, or a piezoelectric actuator ( Patent documents 3 to 5). In the case of the sheet-like actuators described in these documents, the upper surface in the thickness direction is a surface that contacts an object.
However, there is room for further improvement in the object moving ability of the actuators described in these patent documents. Further, in a stretched film such as polylactic acid, the direction having the largest piezoelectric characteristics is inclined 45 ° with respect to the stretched main orientation direction. Therefore, in order to create an actuator that stretches in the film forming direction or width direction of the film and has the greatest piezoelectric property in the longitudinal direction of the laminate, it must be cut and laminated into sheets one by one, It was impossible to laminate by roll-to-roll or coextrusion.

JP-A-5-152638 JP 2005-213376 A JP 59-115580 A JP 59-2222977 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-78673

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an actuator that can make the best use of excellent resonance characteristics when a voltage is applied. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to use a film stretched in the film forming direction or the width direction of a film easily by roll-to-roll or coextrusion without cutting into a sheet and laminating each sheet. It is an object of the present invention to provide an actuator capable of satisfying the requirements.

The present invention is an actuator having a power source, an electrode and a laminate,
(I) The laminate includes a conductive layer and an oriented resin layer,
(Ii) The conductive layers and the resin layers are alternately laminated,
(Iii) Each conductive layer is short-circuited by an electrode so that an electric field in the reverse direction is applied to the adjacent resin layer via each conductive layer,
(Iv) moving the contacted object by in-plane displacement of the resin layer due to piezoelectric strain;
(V) The end surface parallel to the length direction of the laminate is a surface that is brought into contact with the object to be moved.
It is an actuator characterized by this.

  The present invention is also a method of moving an object by bringing an object into contact with the actuator and applying a voltage to the resin layer.

  The actuator of the present invention exhibits excellent resonance characteristics when a voltage is applied. According to the actuator of the present invention, the contacted object can be moved at high speed.

It is sectional drawing of a laminated body. It is a figure which shows the cutout direction of an oriented film. It is a figure which shows the position of a margin. It is a figure which shows the position of an electrode (9). It is a figure which shows the movement method of the object by an actuator.

[Actuator]
The actuator of this invention has a power supply, an electrode, and a laminated body, and has the following characteristics.
(I) The laminate includes a conductive layer and an oriented resin layer,
(Ii) The conductive layers and the resin layers are alternately laminated,
(Iii) Each conductive layer is short-circuited by an electrode so that an electric field in the reverse direction is applied to the adjacent resin layer via each conductive layer,
(Iv) moving the contacted object by in-plane displacement of the resin layer due to piezoelectric strain;
(V) The end surface parallel to the length direction of the laminate is a surface that is brought into contact with the object to be moved.
<Laminated body>
The laminate in the present invention includes a resin layer oriented with a conductive layer. The conductive layers and the oriented resin layers are alternately laminated.
The laminate is preferably in the form of a tape in which a tape-like conductive layer and a tape-like oriented resin layer are laminated. In the laminate, it is preferable that three or more resin layers are alternately laminated via a conductive layer.

(Resin layer)
The resin constituting the resin layer is preferably a helical chiral polymer. Examples of the helical chiral polymer include polyvinylidene fluoride and polylactic acid. Among these, polylactic acid is preferable. Preferred examples of polylactic acid include poly L-lactic acid and poly D-lactic acid.
It is preferable that the main orientation direction of the resin layer is a direction parallel or orthogonal to the length direction of the resin layer because the object can be moved more efficiently. The resin layer is preferably located in the middle direction between the main orientation direction of the resin layer and the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the in-plane displacement due to the piezoelectric strain is the largest because it can move the object more efficiently. It is preferable that resin layers made of enantiomeric polymers are laminated via a conductive layer. In particular, when resin layers composed of different enantiomeric polymers are alternately laminated, piezoelectric characteristics can be efficiently expressed with the main alignment axes aligned in the same direction, and a production method such as roll-to-roll or co-extrusion can be adopted. To preferred.

(Alternate laminate of oriented film layer L and oriented film layer D)
The laminate has a resin layer comprising an oriented film layer L made of a resin L containing poly L-lactic acid as a main component and an oriented film layer D made of a resin D containing poly D-lactic acid as a main component. It is preferable that D is alternately laminated via the conductive layer M.
It is preferable to have a conductive layer between the adjacent layers L and D and on at least one surface of the obtained laminate.
The laminated structure of the laminated body of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a laminated structure of the laminated body of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 1 shows the orientation film layer L which consists of resin which has poly L-lactic acid as a main component, and the code | symbol 2 shows the orientation film layer D which consists of resin which has poly D-lactic acid as a main component, respectively. As described above, in the laminate of the present invention, it is preferable that the layer L and the layer D are alternately laminated in total of three or more layers. FIG. 1 shows a case where the total number of layers L and D is seven. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the layer L and the layer D may be opposite to those in FIG.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a conductive layer M. In the present invention, the conductive layer M (reference numerals 302 to 307) is provided between the layer L and the layer D. In addition, the conductive layer M (reference numeral 301) is provided on at least one surface of the stacked body. Further, as shown in FIG. 1C, a conductive layer M (reference numeral 308) may be provided on the other surface.
It is preferable that the layer L and the layer M, and the layer D and the layer M are fixed without an adhesive layer having a thickness exceeding 1000 nm. In the present invention, excellent resonance characteristics can be achieved by adopting such an embodiment. From such a viewpoint, in the present invention, it is preferable that the layer L and the layer M, and the layer D and the layer M are fixed without an adhesive layer having a thickness of more than 500 nm, and an adhesive layer having a thickness of more than 200 nm is formed. An embodiment in which they are fixed without being interposed is more preferable. From the viewpoint of resonance characteristics, it is most preferable to fix the adhesive layer without using an adhesive layer.
In the present invention, as long as it has the laminated structure as described above, it may further have other layers within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. For example, an aromatic polyester layer such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate for increasing the rigidity of the laminate can be provided on the surface of the laminate. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of resonance characteristics, such a layer is preferably thin and particularly preferably not.

(Number of layers)
In the laminated body in the present invention, the total number of layers L and D is preferably 3 or more. By adopting such an aspect, excellent resonance characteristics can be obtained. From the viewpoint of resonance characteristics, the total number of layers is preferably as large as possible, preferably 10 or more, and more preferably 20 or more.
In this way, increasing the total number of layers in the stack tends to increase the momentum obtained by the piezoelectric characteristics, but as the total number increases, the stack tends to become stiff, so resonance occurs from a certain point. The effect of improving the characteristics may be reduced. From such a viewpoint, the upper limit of the substantial total number is about 100,000. (Resonance characteristics)
The actuator of the present invention has a piezoelectric property and vibrates when a voltage of a certain frequency is applied. Particularly, the actuator is excellent in the piezoelectric property and further has a contact surface with a moving object in a specific direction. At the same time, a large momentum (force) can be generated. For example, a large momentum (force) can be generated. In the present invention, the fact that the momentum (force) that can be generated is large and the amount of movement of the structure is large is said to be excellent in resonance characteristics.

(Main orientation direction)
In the present invention, the laminate is composed of an oriented film layer L made of resin L containing poly L-lactic acid as a main component and an oriented film layer D made of resin D containing poly D-lactic acid as a main component. When L and the layer D are alternately laminated via the conductive layer M, the angle formed by the main alignment direction of the layer L and the main alignment direction of the layer D is preferably 10 degrees or less. By setting it as such an aspect, the improvement effect of a resonance characteristic can be made high. From such a viewpoint, the angle formed is more preferably 5 degrees or less, further preferably 3 degrees or less, particularly preferably 1 degree or less, and ideally 0 degrees. In order to obtain the main orientation direction as described above, sampling may be performed in the same direction during sampling, or stacked so as to be in the same direction during stacking.
On the other hand, in the present invention, in the laminate, the resin layer is composed of only an oriented film layer L made of resin L containing poly L-lactic acid as a main component, or an oriented film made of resin D containing poly D-lactic acid as a main component. When it consists only of the layer D and is laminated | stacked through the conductive layer M, it is preferable that the angle which the main orientation direction of the adjacent resin layer makes is 80-90 degree | times. By setting it as such an aspect, the improvement effect of a resonance characteristic can be made high. From such a viewpoint, the angle formed is more preferably 85 to 90 degrees, further preferably 87 to 90 degrees, particularly preferably 89 to 90 degrees, and ideally 90 degrees. In order to obtain the main orientation direction as described above, for example, one is sampled at 0 degree with respect to the main orientation axis at the time of sampling, the other is sampled at 90 degrees, and the angle formed at the time of lamination is 90 degrees. It suffices to stack them. However, since such a method is adopted, it is difficult to produce by roll-to-roll or coextrusion.
(Refractive index)
In the laminate, when the resin layer is made of polylactic acid, the refractive index in the main alignment direction of the resin layer is preferably 1.45 or more for each independently. When the refractive index is in the above numerical range, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics can be enhanced. When the refractive index is low, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics tends to be low. On the other hand, when the refractive index is high, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics tends to be high, but when too high, the mechanical properties of the film tend to be inferior. It is in. From such a viewpoint, the refractive index in the main alignment direction is more preferably 1.45 to 1.48, and still more preferably 1.45 to 1.47.
(density)
In the laminate, when the resin layer is made of polylactic acid, the density of the resin layer is preferably 1.24 to 1.27 g / cm ³ , independently of each other. When the density is in the above numerical range, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics can be enhanced. When the density is low, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics tends to be low. On the other hand, when the density is high, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics is high, but the mechanical characteristics of the film tend to be inferior. From such a viewpoint, the density is more preferably 1.24 to 1.26 g / cm ³ , and further preferably 1.245 to 1.255 g / cm ³ .

Hereinafter, each component which comprises the laminated body of this invention is demonstrated.
(Polylactic acid)
The poly L-lactic acid, which is a main component in the resin constituting the oriented film layer L in the present invention, is substantially composed of only L-lactic acid units (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PLLA). Or a copolymer of L-lactic acid and other monomers, and is particularly preferably poly-L-lactic acid substantially composed of only L-lactic acid units.
In addition, poly D-lactic acid, which is a main component in the resin constituting the oriented film layer D in the present invention, may be abbreviated as poly D-lactic acid (hereinafter referred to as PDLA) substantially composed of only D-lactic acid units. ), And a copolymer of D-lactic acid and other monomers, etc., particularly poly-D-lactic acid which is substantially composed only of D-lactic acid units.
Here, “main” means that 60% by mass or more of polylactic acid (poly L-lactic acid in layer L and poly D-lactic acid in layer D) is 60% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the resin constituting each layer, preferably 75. It indicates that it is at least mass%, more preferably at least 90 mass%, particularly preferably at least 95 mass%. Further, “substantially” indicates that the amount of L- (D-) lactic acid units in poly L- (D-) lactic acid is 90 mol% or more.

The amount of L- (D-) lactic acid units in poly L- (D-) lactic acid is preferably 90 from the viewpoints of crystallinity, enhancing the effect of improving displacement, and film heat resistance. It is -100 mol%, More preferably, it is 95-100 mol%, More preferably, it is 98-100 mol%. That is, the content of units other than L- (D-) lactic acid units is preferably 0 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0 to 5 mol%, and still more preferably 0 to 2 mol%.
Such polylactic acid preferably has crystallinity, and it becomes easy to obtain the above-described orientation / crystal mode, and the effect of improving the displacement can be increased. The melting point is preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 190 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 160 ° C. or higher and 190 ° C. or lower. With such an embodiment, the film has excellent heat resistance.
The polylactic acid in the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 80,000 to 250,000, and more preferably 100,000 to 250,000 or less. Particularly preferred is a range of 120,000 to 200,000. When the weight average molecular weight Mw is in the above numerical range, the rigidity of the film is excellent and the thickness unevenness of the film becomes good.

(Copolymerization component)
The poly L-lactic acid and poly D-lactic acid used in the present invention can contain a copolymer component other than L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, as desired, within a range not impairing the object of the present invention. At this time, it is preferable to contain in the range which does not impair the crystallinity of polylactic acid largely. Such copolymerization component is not particularly limited. For example, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as glycolic acid, caprolactone, butyrolactone, propiolactone, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-propanediol, 1,5-propanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, decanediol, dodecanediol, aliphatic diols having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, succinic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, 2 carbon atoms To 30 or more monomers selected from aromatic diols such as aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroquinone, and aromatic dicarboxylic acid.

(Polylactic acid production method)
The method for producing poly L-lactic acid and poly D-lactic acid is not particularly limited, and conventionally known methods can be suitably used. For example, a method of directly dehydrating and condensing L-lactic acid or D-lactic acid, a method of solid-phase polymerizing L- or D-lactic acid oligomers, once dehydrating and cyclizing L- or D-lactic acid into lactide, and then melt-opening The method of superposing | polymerizing etc. is illustrated.
Among them, polylactic acid obtained by a direct dehydration condensation method or a melt ring-opening polymerization method of lactides is preferable from the viewpoint of quality and production efficiency, and among them, a melt ring-opening polymerization method of lactides is particularly preferably selected.
The catalyst used in these production methods is not particularly limited as long as polylactic acid can be polymerized so as to have the above-mentioned predetermined characteristics. For example, lactide melt-opening polymerization catalysts include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earths, transition metals, fatty acid salts such as aluminum, germanium, tin, antimony, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, oxides, Examples include hydroxides, halides, alcoholates and the like. Among these, a catalyst containing at least one selected from the group consisting of tin, aluminum, zinc, calcium, titanium, germanium, manganese, magnesium and rare earth elements is preferable (hereinafter, such a catalyst is referred to as a specific metal-containing catalyst). May be.)

Such specific metal-containing catalysts are conventionally known and exemplified as follows. Stannous chloride, stannous bromide, stannous iodide, stannous sulfate, stannic oxide, tin myristate, tin octylate, tin stearate, tetraphenyltin, tin methoxide, tin ethoxide, tin Butoxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum acetylacetonate, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum-imine complex titanium tetrachloride, ethyl titanate, butyl titanate, glycol titanate, titanium tetrabutoxide, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, diethyl zinc, trioxide Examples include antimony, antimony tribromide, antimony acetate, calcium oxide, germanium oxide, manganese oxide, manganese carbonate, manganese acetate, magnesium oxide, and yttrium alkoxide.
Of these, stannous chloride, stannous bromide, stannous iodide, stannous sulfate, stannic oxide, tin myristate from the viewpoint of good catalytic activity and few side reactions. , Tin-containing compounds such as tin octylate, tin stearate, and tetraphenyltin, and aluminum-containing compounds such as aluminum acetylacetonate, aluminum butoxide, and aluminum-imine complexes are preferred. More preferred are diethoxytin, dinonyloxytin, tin myristate, tin octylate, tin stearate, tin chloride, aluminum acetylacetonate, aluminum isopropoxide and the like.
The amount of the catalyst used is 0.42 × 10 ⁻⁴ to 100 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol per kg of lactide, and is preferably 1.68 × from the viewpoint of reactivity, color tone of the resulting polylactide, and stability. 10 ⁻⁴ to 42.1 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol, particularly preferably 2.53 × 10 ⁻⁴ to 16.8 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol.

The obtained poly L-lactic acid and poly D-lactic acid may be removed by a conventionally known method or the catalytic activity of the polymerization catalyst is deactivated or deactivated using a deactivator. It is preferable for the melt stability and wet heat stability of the film.
When using a deactivator, the amount used is 0.3 to 20 equivalents, more preferably 0.5 to 15 equivalents, and even more preferably 0.5 to 10 equivalents per equivalent of metal element of the specific metal-containing catalyst. Particularly preferably, it may be 0.6 to 7 equivalents. If the amount of the deactivator used is too small, the activity of the catalyst metal cannot be lowered sufficiently, and if used excessively, the deactivator may cause decomposition of the resin, which is not preferable.

(Resin layer thickness)
The thickness of the resin layer in the laminate, for example, the thickness of the layer L and the layer D, is so thick as to exhibit resonance characteristics in consideration of the tendency that the rigidity becomes too high and resonance characteristics are not exhibited. If there is no particular limitation. The thickness of each layer is preferably 1 to 50 μm. The thinner one is preferable from the viewpoint of resonance characteristics. In particular, when increasing the number of stacked layers, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of each layer so that the total thickness of the stacked body does not become too large. From such a viewpoint, the thickness of one layer of the layer L and the layer D is preferably independently 10 μm or less, more preferably 8 μm or less, and particularly preferably 7 or less μm. When the thickness is in the above numerical range, the effect of improving the resonance characteristics can be enhanced. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of handleability and rigidity, a thicker is preferable, for example, 2 μm or more is preferable, and 3 μm or more is more preferable.

(Laminate manufacturing method)
In the laminate of the present invention, when the above-described layer L and layer D are alternately laminated via the conductive layer M, a resin for forming the layer L (hereinafter sometimes referred to as resin L) .) To layer L, and layer D is formed separately from a resin for forming layer D (hereinafter sometimes referred to as resin D), and conductive layer M is provided on the surface of each layer obtained. Thus, the layer L and the layer D are alternately laminated, and are laminated and fixed so as to have a conductive layer M between the layer L and the layer D and at least one surface of the obtained laminate. be able to.
In the laminate of the present invention, the above-described layer L (or layer D) is laminated so that the angle formed by the main orientation axes of the resin layers adjacent to each other through the conductive layer M is 90 degrees. The layer L or the layer D is formed, and each of the obtained layers is cut so that the main orientation axis is 90 degrees, and the conductive layer M is provided on the surface thereof. It can be obtained by laminating and fixing so as to have a structure having a conductive layer M on at least one surface.

Hereinafter, an example of a preferable method for producing the laminate of the present invention will be described. Moreover, about manufacture of an oriented film layer, although the method to manufacture the oriented film layer L is demonstrated, the raw material to be used is similarly manufactured also about the oriented film layer D as resin D which uses poly D-lactic acid as a main component. be able to.
(Extrusion process)
First, poly L-lactic acid (in the case of layer L. In the case of layer D, it is referred to as poly D-lactic acid) containing a carboxyl group-capping agent, a lubricant, and other additives, which will be described later, if desired. Resin L (when poly L-lactic acid is used. When poly D-lactic acid is used, resin D. The same applies hereinafter) is melted in an extruder and extruded from a die onto a cooling drum. In addition, in order to suppress decomposition at the time of melting, the resin supplied to the extruder is preferably subjected to a drying process before being supplied to the extruder so that the water content is about 100 ppm or less.
The resin temperature in the extruder is a temperature at which the resin has sufficient fluidity, that is, when the melting point of the resin L is Tm, it is carried out in the range of (Tm + 20) to (Tm + 50) (° C.), but the resin does not decompose. It is preferable to perform melt extrusion at a temperature, and such a temperature is preferably 240 to 300 ° C, more preferably 245 to 280 ° C, and particularly preferably 250 to 275 ° C. Within the above temperature range, flow spots are unlikely to occur.
(Casting process)
After extruding from the die, the film is cast on a cooling drum to obtain an unstretched film. At that time, it is preferable that the electrostatic charge is applied from the electrode by an electrostatic contact method so that it is sufficiently brought into close contact with the cooling drum and cooled and solidified. At this time, the electrode to which an electrostatic charge is applied preferably has a wire shape or a knife shape. The surface material of the electrode is preferably platinum, and can prevent impurities sublimated from the film from adhering to the electrode surface. Further, it is possible to prevent adhesion of impurities by blowing a high-temperature air flow on or near the electrode, keeping the temperature of the electrode at 170 to 350 ° C., and installing an exhaust nozzle above the electrode.

(Stretching process)
The unstretched film obtained above is stretched in a uniaxial direction or a biaxial direction to obtain a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film. In order to obtain such a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film, the unstretched film is stretched by heating to a temperature at which the unstretched film can be stretched, for example, a glass transition temperature (Tg) to (Tg + 80) ° C. of the resin L.
In the case of a uniaxially stretched film, the film may be uniaxially stretched in the machine axis direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the longitudinal direction or the longitudinal direction or MD), or in a direction perpendicular to the machine axis direction (hereinafter referred to as the transverse direction or It may be uniaxially stretched in the width direction or TD). The draw ratio is preferably 1.1 to 10 times, more preferably 1.1 to 7 times. The effect of improving the amount of displacement can be increased by setting the draw ratio within the above numerical range. When the draw ratio is high, the mechanical properties of the film tend to be inferior. On the other hand, when the draw ratio is low, the effect of improving the displacement tends to be low. From such a viewpoint, the draw ratio is more preferably 1.2 to 6, particularly preferably 2 to 5.
In the case of a biaxially stretched film, the stretching ratio in the longitudinal direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the longitudinal stretching ratio) is preferably 1.1 to 10 times, more preferably 1.1 to 7 times. is there. The stretching ratio in the transverse direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the transverse stretching ratio) is 1.1 to 10 times, preferably 1.1 to 7 times. By setting the draw ratio within the above numerical range, a preferred orientation mode in the present invention can be obtained, and the effect of improving the displacement can be increased. When the draw ratio in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction is high, the film tends to break and the productivity may be inferior. On the other hand, when it is low, it tends to be difficult to obtain a preferred orientation mode. Therefore, the effect of improving the displacement amount tends to be low. From such a viewpoint, the longitudinal draw ratio is more preferably 1.1 to 6 times, and particularly preferably 1.1 to 4.5 times. Further, the transverse draw ratio is more preferably 1.1 to 5.5 times, particularly preferably 1.1 to 4.5 times. Furthermore, when the difference between the longitudinal draw ratio and the transverse draw ratio is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and particularly preferably 2.5 or more, it is easy to obtain a preferred orientation mode in the present invention. Thus, the effect of improving the amount of displacement can be increased.
The biaxial stretching may be sequential biaxial stretching or simultaneous biaxial stretching. Further, after biaxial stretching, it can be re-stretched in the longitudinal direction or the uniaxial direction of the lateral direction, or in the biaxial direction of the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction.

(Heat treatment process)
The unstretched film, uniaxially stretched film, and biaxially stretched film obtained above are preferably heat-treated. The heat treatment temperature is a temperature lower than the melting point of the resin L, and preferably 50 to 160 ° C., and the effect of improving the displacement can be increased. When the heat treatment temperature is low, the displacement improvement effect tends to be low. On the other hand, when the heat treatment temperature is high, the flatness and mechanical properties of the film tend to be inferior, and the displacement improvement effect tends to be low. . From such a viewpoint, the heat treatment temperature is more preferably 60 to 150 ° C, and particularly preferably 80 to 130 ° C. The heat treatment time is preferably 1 to 120 seconds, more preferably 2 to 60 seconds, and the effect of improving the displacement can be increased.
Furthermore, in the present invention, it is possible to adjust the thermal dimensional stability by performing a relaxation treatment in the heat treatment step.
As for the film forming conditions described above, it is preferable from the viewpoint of resonance characteristics that the layer forming conditions for the layer L and the layer D constituting the laminate are as close as possible to the physical properties.

(Corona treatment, primer treatment)
The oriented film thus obtained can be subjected to surface activation treatment, for example, plasma treatment, amine treatment, and corona treatment by a conventionally known method if desired.
Among these, from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion with the conductive layer M and enhancing the durability of the laminate, it is preferable to perform corona treatment on at least one side, preferably both sides, of the oriented film. As conditions for such corona treatment, for example, when the electrode distance is 5 mm, the voltage is preferably 1 to 20 kV, more preferably 5 to 15 kV, preferably 1 to 60 seconds, more preferably 5 to 30 seconds, particularly Preferably it is 10 to 25 seconds. Further, such treatment can be performed in the atmosphere.
Similarly, from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion with the conductive layer M, primer treatment can be applied to at least one side, preferably both sides, of the oriented film to form an adhesive layer. In this case, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 1000 nm or less. When the thickness of the adhesive layer is too thick, the resonance characteristics are inferior. As described above, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be appropriately selected so that appropriate adhesiveness can be imparted. However, from the viewpoint of resonance characteristics, the thinner one is preferable, preferably Is 500 nm or less, more preferably 200 nm or less. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of resonance characteristics, a particularly preferred embodiment is an embodiment that does not have an adhesive layer.
Such primer treatment can be performed by a so-called in-line coating method in the process of producing a film, or by a so-called offline coating method after producing the film.

(Deposition process, sputtering process)
The conductive layer M is formed on the surfaces of the oriented film L and the oriented film D obtained as described above. The formation of the conductive layer M is not particularly limited as long as it is a conventionally known method for forming a conductive layer, but from the viewpoint that a conductive layer having excellent conductivity can be obtained uniformly and easily, vapor deposition or sputtering. It is preferable to adopt the method.
Moreover, although the conductive layer M may be formed on both surfaces of the oriented film, it is preferable to form the conductive layer M only on one surface from the viewpoint of adhesion.
(Thermal lamination process)
The oriented film having the conductive layer M obtained as described above is laminated so as to have a laminated structure defined by the present invention to prepare a laminated body, and is fixed by thermal lamination. Here, the thermal lamination is performed without using an adhesive layer.
The temperature condition in such a heat laminate is preferably (Tg-5) to (Tsm + 20) ° C. Here, Tg indicates the highest glass transition temperature among the glass transition temperature of the resin L constituting the oriented film layer L used for forming the laminate and the glass transition temperature of the resin D constituting the oriented film D. Tsm indicates the lowest sub-peak temperature among the sub-peak temperature of the alignment film L and the sub-peak temperature of the alignment film D used for forming the laminate. In addition, subpeak temperature is temperature resulting from the heat setting temperature in a film manufacturing process. By adopting the above temperature condition, a laminate exhibiting excellent resonance characteristics can be obtained. At the same time, the adhesion of each layer of the laminate is excellent. If the temperature is too low, the adhesion tends to be inferior. On the other hand, if the temperature is too high, the orientation is lost and the resonance characteristics tend to be inferior. From such a viewpoint, more preferable temperature conditions are Tg to Tsm + 15, and particularly preferably Tg + 10 to Tsm + 10.
Moreover, it is preferable that pressure conditions shall be 1-100 Mpa. As a result, it is possible to obtain a laminate having excellent adhesion while having excellent resonance characteristics. If the pressure is too low, the adhesion tends to be inferior, whereas if the pressure is too high, the resonance characteristics tend to be inferior. From such a viewpoint, the more preferable pressure condition is 2 to 80 MPa, and particularly preferably 2 to 50 MPa.
It is preferable to perform thermal lamination for 10 to 600 seconds under the above temperature and pressure conditions. As a result, it is possible to obtain a laminate having excellent adhesion while having excellent resonance characteristics. If the time is too short, the adhesion tends to be inferior, while if too long, the resonance characteristics tend to be inferior. From such a viewpoint, a more preferable time condition is 30 to 300 seconds, and particularly preferably 60 to 180 seconds.

[Ingredients that may be added to the resin layer]
(Carboxyl group blocking agent)
When the resin layer constituting the laminate of the present invention is made of polylactic acid, the amount of carboxyl groups of polylactic acid is 10 equivalents / 10 ⁶ g or less, so that stability during film casting, hydrolysis inhibition, weight average molecular weight From the viewpoint of suppressing the decrease, the carboxyl group amount is more preferably 5 equivalents / 10 ⁶ g or less, and particularly preferably 2 equivalents / 10 ⁶ g or less. In order to obtain such an embodiment, in the present invention, it is preferable to add a carboxyl group-capping agent to polylactic acid. Carboxyl group sealant seals terminal carboxyl groups of polyesters such as polylactic acid, as well as carboxyl groups generated by decomposition reactions of polyester and various additives, and carboxyl groups of low molecular compounds such as lactic acid and formic acid. The resin can be stabilized, and there is an advantage that the resin temperature at the time of film formation can be raised to a temperature sufficient to suppress flow spots.
As such a carboxyl group-capping agent, it is preferable to use at least one compound selected from a carbodiimide compound, an epoxy compound, an oxazoline compound, an oxazine compound, and an isocyanate compound, and among them, a carbodiimide compound is preferable.
The amount of the carboxyl group sealing agent used is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.03 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of polylactic acid in the resin constituting each layer of layer L or layer D. . In the present invention, a sealing reaction catalyst may be further used.

(Lubricant)
In the present invention, a lubricant may be contained in these films for the purpose of improving the winding and running properties of each oriented film and laminate.
Examples of such lubricants include silica produced by a dry method, silica produced by a wet method, zeolite, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, kaolin, kaolinite, clay, talc, titanium oxide, alumina, zirconia, aluminum hydroxide, Preferable examples include inorganic particles such as calcium oxide, graphite, carbon black, zinc oxide, silicon carbide, and tin oxide, and organic fine particles such as crosslinked acrylic resin particles, crosslinked polystyrene resin particles, melamine resin particles, and crosslinked silicone resin particles. .
As the lubricant, fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0.001 to 5.0 μm are preferable, and one kind can be used, or two or more kinds can be used in combination. Moreover, a lubricant can be mix | blended in 0.01-0.5 mass% with respect to the mass of each layer of a resin layer.
(Resin component)
In the resin layer in the present invention, a resin component having a melting point higher than that of the matrix resin constituting the resin layer can be contained independently for the purpose of imparting heat resistance.
In the case where the matrix resin is polylactic acid, the resin component preferably has a melting point equal to or higher than 3 ° C. higher than that of polylactic acid, so that the effect of improving heat resistance can be enhanced. From such a viewpoint, the melting point of the resin component is more preferably 5 ° C. or more higher than that of polylactic acid, and particularly preferably 10 ° C. or more.
Preferred examples of the resin component include polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, stereocomplex phase polylactic acid, polyetherimide, polyphenylene ether, poly (meth) acrylamide, and polystyrene.
The content of the resin component is preferably 10 to 50% by mass based on the mass of each layer. When the content is in the above numerical range, excellent heat resistance can be imparted while maintaining excellent resonance characteristics. When the content is too small, the effect of improving heat resistance tends to be low. From such a viewpoint, the content of the resin component is more preferably 20% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 30% by mass or more. On the other hand, when the content is too large, the piezoelectricity of each layer tends to be low, and the effect of improving the resonance characteristics tends to be low. From such a viewpoint, the content of the resin component is more preferably 45% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 40% by mass or less.
The method of containing the resin component is not particularly limited. For example, a mixture of pellets of polylactic acid constituting the oriented film layer and pellets of the resin component are obtained in advance, and the mixture is put into an extruder. Thus, the polylactic acid and the resin component can be melt-kneaded in the extruder.

(Other additives)
Further, the resin layer has an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a colorant, a pigment, a fluorescent whitening agent, a plasticizer, a crosslinking agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an impact absorber, and the like, as long as it does not contradict the gist of the present invention. Resins and the like can be added as necessary.

(Conductive layer)
The type of the conductive layer in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the laminate has a conductivity sufficient to exhibit piezoelectric characteristics when a voltage is applied, but more preferably the piezoelectric characteristics and resonance characteristics. From the viewpoint of being able to show, it is preferably a layer made of a metal or a metal oxide.
Such metal or metal oxide includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of indium, tin, zinc, gallium, antimony, titanium, silicon, zirconium, magnesium, aluminum, gold, silver, copper, palladium, tungsten, or The oxide is preferred. Further, the metal oxide may further contain an oxide of a metal shown in the above group or another metal shown in the above group. For example, indium oxide containing tin oxide and tin oxide containing antimony are preferably used.
The thickness of the conductive layer is not particularly limited, but the surface resistance value is 1 × 10 ⁴ Ω / □ or less, preferably 5 × 10 ³ Ω / □ or less, more preferably 1 × 10 ³ Ω / □ or less. A suitable thickness may be selected. For example, the thickness is preferably 10 nm or more. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is 15-35 nm from a viewpoint of electroconductivity and the ease of layer formation, More preferably, it is 20-30 nm. If the thickness is too thin, the surface resistance value tends to be high, and it becomes difficult to form a continuous film. On the other hand, if it is too thick, the quality is excessive, the formation of the laminate is difficult, and the strength between the layers of the laminate tends to be weak.
It does not specifically limit as a formation method of a conductive layer, A conventionally well-known method is employable. Specifically, for example, a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, and an ion plating method can be exemplified. In addition, an appropriate method can be adopted depending on the required film thickness. In addition, after forming a metal layer, it can crystallize by giving an annealing process within the range of 100-150 degreeC as needed. For this reason, it is preferable that the layer L and the layer D have heat resistance of 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that each conductive layer is not formed on the entire surface of the resin layer, but a margin where the conductive layer is not formed is provided in a portion near the end face in the width direction. It is preferable that the electrode and the conductive layer are not short-circuited on the side having a margin, and the electrode and the conductive layer are short-circuited on the side having no margin. By setting it as such a structure, each conductive layer on which the resin layer is sandwiched can be made different from each other in positive and negative.

<Electrode>
Each conductive layer of the laminate is short-circuited by an electrode so that an electric field in the opposite direction is applied to the adjacent resin layer via each conductive layer.
For example, in the case of a laminate having the following configuration, when M ² and M ⁴ are positive electrodes and M ¹ and M ³ are negative electrodes, the direction of the electric field is from M ² to D ² , M ² to L ³ , and M ⁴ the L ^{4.
L 1 / M 1 / D 2} / M 2 / L 3 / M 3 / L 4 / M 4
The conductive layers sandwiching the resin layer are preferably arranged so that the positive and negative are different from each other.
Since the end face parallel to the length direction of the laminate contacts the object, the electrode is preferably formed on the end face parallel to the width direction of the laminate. As shown in FIG. 4, the electrode (9) is preferably formed by applying a conductive adhesive or the like. Accordingly, in each conductive layer, the conductive adhesive and the conductive layer are not short-circuited on the side having a margin, and the conductive adhesive and the conductive layer are short-circuited on the side having no margin.

<Power supply>
The power source is not particularly limited as long as it is an AC power source, and it is preferable that the voltage, current, frequency, and the like can be appropriately adjusted.
The voltage is preferably 0 to 300V, more preferably 0 to 200V. The current is preferably 0 to 500 mA, more preferably 0 to 300 mA.
The frequency is preferably 0 to 100 kHz, more preferably 0 to 50 kHz.
[Method to move object]
The present invention includes a method of moving an object by bringing an object into contact with the actuator and applying a voltage to the resin layer. The object (12) is brought into contact with the end face parallel to the length direction of the laminate as shown in FIG.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention further more concretely, this invention does not receive limitation at all by this. The physical properties of each layer and the actuator were evaluated by the following methods.

(1) Physical properties of each layer Notches were formed by squeezing the end of the laminate, and each layer was peeled off to evaluate the physical properties of each layer.
(1-1) Refractive Index The film sample peeled from the laminated film was measured at a prism coupler (633 nm) wavelength using a laser refractive index measuring device manufactured by Metricon. Laser light is incident on the sample in close contact with the prism through the prism, and the prism is rotated to change the incident angle on the sample. The light reflected from the sample surface was measured, and the dependence of the amount of light on the incident angle was monitored to determine the refractive index corresponding to the critical angle.
(1-2) Main orientation direction With respect to the film sample peeled from the laminate, in the plane of the film, 0 ° (TD) to 90 ° (MD) to 180 °, and 5 ° pitch above (1-1) The in-plane refractive index was measured by the method described in 1. and the direction with the highest refractive index was defined as the main orientation direction. This was measured for all the oriented film layers, and the difference between the maximum angle and the minimum angle in the main alignment direction was defined as an “angle”.
(1-3) Surface resistivity It measured based on JISK7194 using Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation make and brand name: Lorester MCP-T600. The measurement was performed by taking three measurement sample pieces from one film and carrying out the measurement at five arbitrary locations, and taking the average value as the surface resistivity (unit: Ω / □).

(2) Actuator evaluation As shown in FIG. 5, movement confirmation was performed by bending a PET sheet having a weight of 200 mg, a length of 20 mm, and a width of 10 mm on the end face of the laminate along the length direction at the center in the width direction. The sample (12) is placed and the power source is TREK Inc. Manufactured by using a high voltage power source (Model: 2100-HFs), a voltage of 150 V was applied, the frequency was changed, and the movement confirmation sample was moved from end to end five times, and the average moving speed was calculated from the result. Table 1 shows the frequency when the average moving speed is the fastest and the average moving speed at that time. The faster the moving speed, the better.

[Reference Example 1] Synthesis of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) Vertical stirring tank (40L) equipped with full zone blades equipped with vacuum piping, nitrogen gas piping, catalyst addition piping, L-lactide solution addition piping, alcohol initiator addition piping Was replaced with nitrogen. Thereafter, 30 kg of L-lactide, 0.90 kg of stearyl alcohol (0.030 mol / kg), and 6.14 g of tin octylate (5.05 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol / 1 kg) were charged in an atmosphere with a nitrogen pressure of 106.4 kPa. The temperature was raised to 150 ° C. When the contents were dissolved, stirring was started and the internal temperature was further raised to 190 ° C. Since the reaction started when the internal temperature exceeded 180 ° C., the internal temperature was maintained from 185 ° C. to 190 ° C. while cooling and the reaction was continued for 1 hour. The reaction was further carried out at a nitrogen pressure of 106.4 kPa and an internal temperature of 200 ° C. to 210 ° C. for 1 hour while stirring, and then stirring was stopped and a phosphorus-based catalyst deactivator was added.
After removing the bubbles by standing still for 20 minutes, the internal pressure was increased from 2 to 3 atm with nitrogen pressure, the prepolymer was pushed out to a chip cutter, and a prepolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 130,000 and a molecular weight dispersion of 1.8 was obtained. Pelletized.
Further, the pellets were dissolved by an extruder, charged into a non-axial vertical reactor at 15 kg / hr, reduced in pressure to 10.13 kPa to reduce the remaining lactide, and chipped again. The obtained poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 55 ° C., a melting point (Tm) of 175 ° C., a weight average molecular weight of 120,000, a molecular weight dispersion of 1.8, and a lactide content of 0.005% by mass. there were.

[Reference Example 2] Synthesis of poly-D-lactic acid (PDLA) In the same manner as Reference Example 1 except that D-lactide was used instead of L-lactide, the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 55 ° C, the melting point ( Tm) Poly D-lactic acid (PDLA) having a weight average molecular weight of 120,000, a molecular weight dispersion of 1.8, and a lactide content of 0.005% by mass was obtained.

[Reference Example 3] (Production of oriented film L1)
The PLLA obtained in Reference Example 1 was sufficiently dried using a dryer, then charged into an extruder, melted at 210 ° C., and the molten resin was extruded from a die and formed into a single-layer sheet, The sheet was cooled and solidified with a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 20 ° C. to obtain an unstretched film. The obtained unstretched film was led to a roll group heated to 75 ° C., stretched 1.1 times in the longitudinal direction, and cooled by a roll group at 25 ° C. Subsequently, the both ends of the longitudinally stretched film were guided to a tenter while being held by clips, and stretched 4.0 times in the transverse direction in an atmosphere heated to 80 ° C. Thereafter, a heat treatment is performed in a tenter at a temperature of 110 ° C. for 30 seconds, followed by heat relaxation at 100 ° C. in the 1% width direction, and then uniformly cooled and cooled to room temperature, and 5 μm thick biaxially oriented poly L- A lactic acid single layer film (alignment film L1) was obtained. Note that a high-frequency power source CG-102 manufactured by Kasuga was used on the surface on the side where a conductive layer M described later is formed (the surface not in contact with the cooling drum during film formation), a voltage of 10 kV, and a processing time of 20 seconds. The corona treatment was performed under the conditions of

[Reference Example 4] (Production of oriented film L2)
The PLLA obtained in Reference Example 1 was sufficiently dried using a dryer, then charged into an extruder, melted at 210 ° C., and the molten resin was extruded from a die and formed into a single-layer sheet, The sheet was cooled and solidified with a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 20 ° C. to obtain an unstretched film. The obtained unstretched film was led to a roll group heated to 75 ° C., stretched 4.0 times in the longitudinal direction, and cooled by a roll group at 25 ° C. Subsequently, the both ends of the longitudinally stretched film were guided to a tenter while being held by clips, and stretched 1.1 times in the transverse direction in an atmosphere heated to 80 ° C. Thereafter, a heat treatment is performed in a tenter at a temperature of 110 ° C. for 30 seconds, followed by heat relaxation at 100 ° C. in the 1% width direction, and then uniformly cooled and cooled to room temperature, and 5 μm thick biaxially oriented poly L- A lactic acid single layer film (alignment film L2) was obtained. Note that a high-frequency power source CG-102 manufactured by Kasuga was used on the surface on the side where a conductive layer M described later is formed (the surface not in contact with the cooling drum during film formation), a voltage of 10 kV, and a processing time of 20 seconds. The corona treatment was performed under the conditions of

[Reference Example 5] (Production of oriented film D1)
Using PDLA obtained in Reference Example 2, a biaxially oriented poly-D-lactic acid single layer film (aligned film D1) having a thickness of 5 μm was obtained in the same manner as Reference Example 3. Note that a high-frequency power source CG-102 manufactured by Kasuga was used on the surface on the side where a conductive layer M described later is formed (the surface not in contact with the cooling drum during film formation), a voltage of 10 kV, and a processing time of 20 seconds. The corona treatment was performed under the conditions of

[Reference Example 6] (Production of oriented film D2)
Using PDLA obtained in Reference Example 2, a biaxially oriented poly D-lactic acid monolayer film (aligned film D2) having a thickness of 5 μm was obtained in the same manner as Reference Example 4. Note that a high-frequency power source CG-102 manufactured by Kasuga was used on the surface on the side where a conductive layer M described later is formed (the surface not in contact with the cooling drum during film formation), a voltage of 10 kV, and a processing time of 20 seconds. The corona treatment was performed under the conditions of

[Example 1]
(Cut out)
The oriented film L1 obtained in Reference Example 3 and the oriented film D1 obtained in Reference Example 5 were cut out at 3 cm × 7 cm so as to be 0 ° (FIG. 2) with respect to the transverse direction of stretching.
(Vapor deposition)
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a 1 cm region (3 cm × 1 cm region) from one short side is masked as a margin, a portion not deposited is left, and a surface is formed on the remaining region (3 cm × 6 cm region). Aluminum deposition was performed with a thickness such that the resistance value was 10Ω / □. The conductive layer had a thickness of 50 nm. In addition, the margins were created on the short sides on the opposite sides of the alignment film L1 and the alignment film D1, respectively.
(Laminated)
The obtained oriented films L1 and oriented films D1 thus deposited were alternately laminated in a total of 20 sheets, 10 sheets each. The laminated body was bonded by thermal lamination at 110 ° C. and a pressure of 40 MPa over 3 minutes.
(electrode)
As shown in FIG. 4, a conductive adhesive (manufactured by Fujikura Kasei, Dotite D550) was applied to both short sides of the obtained laminate to form an electrode (9), thereby producing a piezoelectric structure. Thus, in each aluminum vapor deposition layer, the conductive adhesive and the aluminum vapor deposition layer are not short-circuited on the side having a margin, and the conductive adhesive and the aluminum vapor deposition layer are short-circuited on the side having no margin. It becomes composition.
(assembly)
As shown in FIG. 5, the laminated body on which the electrode was formed was connected to a power source (11) to assemble an actuator.
(Evaluation)
The physical properties of each layer, the piezoelectricity of the actuator, and the moving speed were evaluated according to the evaluation method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 2]
The oriented film L1 and the oriented film D1 were cut out at 3 cm × 14 cm so as to be 0 ° (FIG. 2) with respect to the transverse direction of stretching. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a 1 cm region (3 cm × 1 cm region) from one short side is masked as a margin to leave a portion not to be deposited, and then the remaining region (3 cm × 13 cm region). Aluminum deposition was performed at a thickness such that the surface resistance value was 10 Ω / □, and a laminate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 3]
As a filler to the poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) obtained in Reference Example 1 and the poly D-lactic acid (PDLA) obtained in Reference Example 2, respectively, a spherical shape having an average particle diameter of 2.5 μm manufactured by Sekisui Resin Co., Ltd. An oriented film was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 3 and Reference Example 5 except that 0.5% by weight of a crosslinked acrylic resin (MBX-2H) was added, and a laminate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 4]
As a filler to the poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) obtained in Reference Example 1 and the poly D-lactic acid (PDLA) obtained in Reference Example 2, respectively, a spherical shape having an average particle diameter of 2.5 μm manufactured by Sekisui Resin Co., Ltd. An oriented film was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 3 and Reference Example 5 except that 0.5% by weight of a cross-linked acrylic resin (MBX-2H) was added to Layer L and Layer D, respectively. A laminate was produced. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 2. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 5]
A core shell structure manufactured by Rohm and Haas Japan Co., Ltd. as a shock absorber for each of poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) obtained in Reference Example 1 and poly D-lactic acid (PDLA) obtained in Reference Example 2 An oriented film was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 3 and Reference Example 5 except that 5% by weight of the body (Paraloid ^TM BPM-500) was added, and a laminate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 6]
Laminated as in Example 1 except that the oriented film L1 obtained in Reference Example 3 and the oriented film D1 obtained in Reference Example 5 were each cut out at 45 ° with respect to the transverse direction of stretching. The body was made. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 7]
A laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a total of 80 sheets were laminated so that the oriented films L1 and oriented films D1 were alternated. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of the moving article was changed as shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 8]
A laminate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a total of 160 sheets were laminated so that the oriented films L1 and oriented films D1 were alternated. The confirmation of the operation is shown in Table 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the weight of the moving article is changed as shown in Table 1.

[Example 9]
The oriented film L1 obtained in Reference Example 3 was cut out at 3 cm × 7 cm so as to be 0 ° (FIG. 2) with respect to the transverse direction of stretching to obtain an oriented film L1-0 °. In addition, the oriented film L1 obtained in Reference Example 3 was cut out at 3 cm × 7 cm so as to be 90 ° (FIG. 2) with respect to the transverse direction of stretching to obtain an oriented film L1-90 °.
Next, aluminum vapor deposition was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The positions of the margins were the oriented film L1-0 ° and the oriented film L1-90 °, and the margins were created on the opposite short sides. About the obtained vapor deposition film, each 10 sheets were laminated | stacked similarly to Example 1, and 20 sheets in total. The operation check was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 10]
Example 1 except that the oriented film L2 obtained in Reference Example 4 and the oriented film D2 obtained in Reference Example 6 were cut out to be 0 ° (FIG. 2) with respect to the longitudinal direction of stretching. Similarly, a laminate was prepared. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 11]
The laminate as in Example 1 except that the oriented film L1 obtained in Reference Example 3 and the oriented film D1 obtained in Reference Example 5 were cut out so as to be 90 ° with respect to the transverse direction of stretching. It was created. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 12]
A laminated body was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the oriented film was 2 μm in Reference Example 3, the thickness of the oriented film was 2 μm in Reference Example 5, and the oriented film obtained in these examples was used. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Example 13]
A laminate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the oriented film was 20 μm in Reference Example 3, the thickness of the oriented film was 20 μm in Reference Example 5, and the oriented film obtained in these examples was used. The operation was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.

  According to the present invention, when the actuator of the present invention is arranged in a rail shape and an article is placed thereon, the article can be quickly moved.

1 Oriented film layer L
2 Oriented film layer D
3 Conductive layer M (301-308)
4 Resin layer for right margin 5 Resin layer for left margin 6 Conductive layer 7 Laminated body 8 Laminated body 9 Electrode 10 Conductor 11 Power supply 12 Movement confirmation sample a Main orientation direction b Direction in which in-plane displacement due to piezoelectric strain is greatest

Claims (14)

An actuator having a power source, an electrode and a laminate,
(I) The laminate includes a conductive layer and an oriented resin layer,
(Ii) The conductive layers and the resin layers are alternately laminated,
(Iii) Each conductive layer is short-circuited by an electrode so that an electric field in the reverse direction is applied to the adjacent resin layer via each conductive layer,
(Iv) moving the contacted object by in-plane displacement of the resin layer due to piezoelectric strain;
(V) The end surface parallel to the length direction of the laminate is a surface that is brought into contact with the object to be moved.
An actuator characterized by that.   2. The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the main orientation direction of the resin layer is a direction parallel to or perpendicular to the length direction of the resin layer.   2. The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the resin layer is positioned in a middle direction between a main orientation direction of the resin layer and a direction orthogonal to the main orientation direction of the resin layer. The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the laminated body has a tape shape.   The actuator according to claim 1, wherein three or more resin layers are alternately laminated via a conductive layer.   The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the resin constituting the resin layer is a helical chiral polymer.   The resin layer is composed of an oriented film layer L made of a resin L containing poly L-lactic acid as a main component and an oriented film layer D made of a resin D containing poly D-lactic acid as a main component. The actuator according to claim 1, wherein the actuator is alternately stacked with a conductive layer M interposed therebetween.   The actuator according to claim 7, wherein the total number of layers L and D is three or more.   The actuator according to claim 7, wherein an angle formed by the main alignment direction of the layer L and the main alignment direction of the layer D is 10 degrees or less.   The actuator according to claim 7, wherein the refractive indexes in the main alignment direction of the layer L and the layer D are each independently 1.45 or less. The actuator according to claim 7, wherein the densities of the layer L and the layer D are each independently from 1.24 to 1.27 g / cm ³ .   The actuator according to claim 7, wherein each layer has a thickness of 1 to 50 μm.   The actuator according to claim 7, wherein the thicknesses of the layer L and the layer D are each independently 10 µm or less. A method of moving an object by bringing an object into contact with the actuator according to claim 1 and applying a voltage to a resin layer.