JP2013248769A - 繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造 - Google Patents

繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造 Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2013248769A
JP2013248769A JP2012123895A JP2012123895A JP2013248769A JP 2013248769 A JP2013248769 A JP 2013248769A JP 2012123895 A JP2012123895 A JP 2012123895A JP 2012123895 A JP2012123895 A JP 2012123895A JP 2013248769 A JP2013248769 A JP 2013248769A
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Prior art keywords
metal
fiber reinforced
reinforced resin
protrusion
fiber
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JP2012123895A
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JP5961451B2 (ja
Inventor
Tamotsu Osada
保 長田
Riko Oide
理子 生出
Takahiro Nagayama
隆弘 長山
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Subaru Corp
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Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2012123895A priority Critical patent/JP5961451B2/ja
Priority to EP13165301.6A priority patent/EP2669077B1/en
Priority to US13/888,228 priority patent/US9279436B2/en
Publication of JP2013248769A publication Critical patent/JP2013248769A/ja
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/304—In-plane lamination by juxtaposing or interleaving of plies, e.g. scarf joining
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    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B3/00—Key-type connections; Keys
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    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0078—Measures or configurations for obtaining anchoring effects in the contact areas between layers
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protrusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/10—Details of socket shapes

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Abstract


【課題】 締結具を用いなくとも、ファスナ結合と同等の導電率を確保することのできる繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造を提供する。
【解決手段】 繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との端部同士が接合された繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造である。繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との接合面のうち、金属材の接合面には、前記繊維強化樹脂複合材を構成する繊維に接触する高さを有する多数の突起が形成されている。
【選択図】 図１

Description

本発明は、繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造に関する。
今日、繊維強化樹脂複合材（ＦＲＰ：Fiber Reinforced Plastics）は、航空機、自動
車、船舶あるいは一般産業機器の構造用部材として広く用いられている。例えば、炭素繊維やガラス繊維等の無機物系強化繊維を縦横に配して織り込んだ織物にエポキシ樹脂などの樹脂を含浸硬化して形成したものが知られている。ここで、すべてを繊維強化樹脂複合材で構成せず、一部に金属材を適用しなければならない場合も少なくない。この場合、例えば、図６に示すように、繊維強化樹脂複合材１００と金属材１０１とを締結具１０２によってファスナ結合することによって、両者を強固に一体化する技術が知られている。
しかしながら、締結具１０２が実装されていると、例えば雷撃・帯電によって発生した電流により、締結具１０２の凸部において火花放電Ｆを起こすおそれがあり、締結具１０２を使用しないことが望まれている。
近年では、繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材とを高強度に接合するべく、繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材とを直接接着することにより、締結具１０２を排して軽量化等を図る技術が提案されている。そして、繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との接合面のうち、金属材側の接合面に対して突起を形成することで、両者の接合強度を高める技術が開発されている（例えば特許文献１参照）。
特表２００６−５０１０７０号公報
しかしながら、締結具１０２を用いた接合構造であると、全体としての導電率が高まるために、雷撃・帯電によって発生した電流をスムーズに流すことができるという作用が期待できるが、締結具１０２を排除してしまうと導電率がどうしても低下し、電流をスムーズに除去できないおそれがある。
そこで、本発明の課題は、締結具を用いなくとも、ファスナ結合と同等の導電率を確保することのできる繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造を提供することである。
以上の課題を解決するための請求項１記載の発明は、
繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との端部同士が接合された繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造であって、
前記繊維強化樹脂複合材と前記金属材との接合面のうち、前記金属材の接合面には、前記繊維強化樹脂複合材を構成する繊維に接触する高さを有する多数の突起が形成されていることを特徴としている。
請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造において、
前記突起の周囲には、当該突起を中心に放射状に延びる複数の溝が形成されていて、
前記複数の溝は、同一方向に湾曲していることを特徴としている。
本発明によれば、締結具を用いなくとも、ファスナ結合と同等の導電率を確保することができる。
本発明の実施形態に係る繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属との接合構造の断面図である。 本実施形態に係る多数の突起及び溝の概略構成を示す正面図である。 図１の矩形Ｓ部分を拡大した断面図である。 図３の変形例を示す断面図である。 図２の溝の変形例を示す正面図である。 従来の繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属との接合構造を示す断面図である。
以下に本発明の一実施形態につき図面を参照して説明する。以下は本発明の一実施形態であって本発明を限定するものではない。
図１は、本実施形態の繊維樹脂と金属との接合構造１の概略構成を示す断面図である。図１に示すように、接合構造１には、例えばチタンなどの金属材からなる金属部２と、例えばＣＦＲＰなどの繊維強化樹脂複合材からなる樹脂部３とが備えられている。
金属部２の一端部２１は、その端面方向に段階的に薄くなるステップ状構造に形成されている。本実施形態では、金属部２の厚さ方向の中央部が最も薄くなるように、上下方向で段階的に薄くなるステップ状構造となっている。そして、ステップ状構造となっている一端部２１の上面及び下面には、多数の突起２２が形成されている。
図２は、多数の突起２２の概略構成を示す正面図である。例えば図２では全ての突起２２のうち、５列分の一部を示している。ここで、各奇数列同士で対応する突起２２は、同じＹ座標の位置に配置されている。一方、偶数列の突起２２は、奇数列の前後の突起２２のほぼ中間地点に配置されている。これにより全ての突起２２におけるＸ方向の側方には、別の突起２２が配置されておらず、空間的な余裕が設けられることになる。
そして、突起２２の周囲には、当該突起２２を中心に放射状に延びる複数の溝２３が形成されている。複数の溝２３は、それぞれ略４５度の角度を空けて形成されている。上述したように、各突起２２のＸ方向の側方には他の方向と比しても空間的な余裕があるため、複数の溝２３のうち、Ｘ方向に平行な溝２３は他の溝２３よりも長く形成されている。
ここで、金属部２の表面にレーザービーム、電子ビーム等の高エネルギー密度ビームを照射することで突起２２及び溝２３が形成される。具体的には、まず、金属部２の表面における突起２２の中心予定位置から溝２３の先端部予定位置まで高エネルギー密度ビームを直線的に照射する。これにより溝２３が形成されるとともに、高エネルギー密度ビームの進行方向の反対側、つまり突起２２の中心予定位置には溝２３の形成時に溶融した金属が隆起することになる。これを溝２３毎に繰り返すことで、所定の高さの突起２２が形成される。
樹脂部３は、図１に示すように、金属部２の一端部２１における上面及び下面を覆うように当該金属部２と一体的に設けられている。この金属部２の一端部２１における上面及び下面が、本発明に係る繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との接合面のうちの金属材の接合面である。
樹脂部３の形成時においては、金属部２のステップ状構造の一端部２１に、強化繊維にマトリックス樹脂を含浸させたプリプレグの状態の複数枚の繊維強化樹脂複合材を順次積層していく。複数枚の繊維強化樹脂複合材は、金属部２の一端部２１の各段に対応する部分で便宜的に分けたものである。その後、複数の繊維強化樹脂複合材を熱硬化させることで、金属部２と複数の繊維強化樹脂複合材とが接着するとともに、すべての繊維強化樹脂複合材が一体化し樹脂部３をなす。また、熱硬化時においては、溶融した樹脂が突起２２及び溝２３に対して浸透する。
図３は、図１の矩形Ｓ部分を拡大した断面図である。この図３に示すように、突起２２の高さは、樹脂部３内の強化繊維（繊維）３１に接触する高さに設定されている。なお、図３においては、樹脂部３の強化繊維３１が、繊維の延在方向が厚さ方向で直交しあうように積層された場合を例示しているが、強化繊維３１の配置についてはこれに限定されないことはもちろんである。
以上のように本実施形態によれば、金属部２の接合面に所定の高さの突起２２が多数形成されているので、突起２２のない場合よりも導電率を高めることができる。特に、突起２２の高さが樹脂部３を構成する強化繊維３１に接触する高さ以上であると、ファスナ結合と同等の導電率を達成することができる。したがって、締結具を用いなくとも、ファスナ結合と同等の導電率を確保することができる。
ファスナ結合以上の導電率を得るためには、上述したように突起２２が強化繊維３１に接触していることが必要である。このため、例えば図４に示すように、金属部２と樹脂部３との間に接着剤層４が介在している場合には、この接着剤層４の厚さをも考慮して突起２２の高さを設定することが望ましい。例えば、金属部２と樹脂部３との間に厚さ０．２〜０．２５ｍｍの接着剤層４が介在する場合、その接着剤層４の厚さだけでなく、強化繊維３１の外側の樹脂の厚さ分も考慮して、高さ０．３ｍｍ以上の突起２２を形成することで、ファスナ結合と同等以上の導電率を得ることができる。
ここで、上述したように突起２２を形成するには、レーザービーム、電子ビーム等の高エネルギー密度ビームによって溝２３を形成し、溶融した金属を隆起させることが前提である。突起２２の高さは、飽和するまでは溝２３の長さの増加に伴い高くなるので、突起２２を高くするためには複数の溝２３の総全長を長くすることが必要である。このため、本実施形態では、上述した配置で各突起２２を配置し、Ｘ方向に平行な溝２３を他の溝２３よりも長く形成している。
なお、本発明は上記実施形態に限らず適宜変更可能である。
例えば、上記実施形態では、直線状の溝２３を例示して説明したが、曲線状の溝であっても構わない。例えば図５に示す通り、突起２２ａを中心に放射状に延びる複数の溝２３ａを同一方向に湾曲させることが好ましい。具体的には、図５では複数の溝２３ａの先端部が基端部から時計回り方向に湾曲した場合を例示している。もちろん反時計回りに湾曲した溝であっても構わない。このように溝２３ａを形成することで、複数の溝２３の専有面積を小さくしつつ、複数の溝２３ａの総全長を長くすることができる。したがって、突起２２ａの設置密度を高めることができ、樹脂部３と金属部２との導電率を効率的に高めることができる。
適用する繊維強化樹脂複合材に関しては、炭素繊維強化樹脂複合材などの導電性のある繊維を用いた複合材を挙げることができる。
適用する金属材の材質に関しては、Ｔｉ合金、Ａｌ合金、Ｍｇ合金などを挙げることができるが、その種類を問わない。適用する樹脂に関しても、熱硬化樹脂であればその種類を問わない。
１ 接合構造
２ 金属部
３ 樹脂部
２１ 一端部
２２ 突起
２３ 溝
３１ 強化繊維（繊維）

Claims (2)

  1. 繊維強化樹脂複合材と金属材との端部同士が接合された繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造であって、
    前記繊維強化樹脂複合材と前記金属材との接合面のうち、前記金属材の接合面には、前記繊維強化樹脂複合材を構成する繊維に接触する高さを有する多数の突起が形成されていることを特徴とする繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造。
  2. 請求項１記載の繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造において、
    前記突起の周囲には、当該突起を中心に放射状に延びる複数の溝が形成されていて、
    前記複数の溝は、同一方向に湾曲していることを特徴とする繊維強化樹脂と金属との接合構造。
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CN111844815A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2020-10-30 哈尔滨工业大学 一种钢材料与碳纤维编织件的连接方法
CN111844815B (zh) * 2020-07-15 2021-11-02 哈尔滨工业大学 一种钢材料与碳纤维编织件的连接方法

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