JP2013217560A - Heater-utilizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that demands are made for a reduction in energy used for refrigeration cycle devices and steam boilers, an apparatus that consecutively raises the temperature of a low-pressure gas to turn it into a high-temperature gas without using a heat-insulting compressor, and a technique for consecutively raising the temperature of low-pressure steam to turn it into high-temperature steam, and that a shortage in power supply leads to a demand for power-saving by refrigeration cycle devices and a refrigeration cycle capable of operation with energy other than electric power.SOLUTION: A gas is heated by a heater which includes a pressure container having a suction port for sucking a low-pressure gas disposed on a lower part and a delivery port for delivering a high-pressure gas disposed on a higher part, and a heat source. The gas reduced in weight is caused to ascend to create a negative pressure inside the pressure container so that a low-pressure gas is consecutively sucked into the heater. As a result, the temperature of the low-pressure gas is raised consecutively, and a gas-liquid mixing condenser does not need a heat-insulating compressor any more. Heated steam is expanded adiabatically to obtain power with which electric power is generated.

Description

The present invention relates to a steam-water power generation apparatus, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and a dryer.

There is a steam boiler as a high temperature steam generator.
There is a vacuum steam generator.
There is a vacuum dryer.
There is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus as a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
The power of the vapor compression refrigeration cycle is mainly electric power.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus is used for freezing and refrigeration of food.
Many are used as air conditioners.
Refrigeration cycle efficiency improvement measures include inverter control technology, liquid gas heat exchange, and ejectors.

Basics and mechanism of the latest refrigeration and air conditioning system Thermodynamics learned from zero by Yozo Kogure Senior Freezing Examination Text Japan Society of Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers Easy boiler textbook by Kenji Nagumo General overview of thermal power generation Supervised by Toru Sema

There is a need to reduce the energy consumed by refrigeration cycle equipment and steam boilers.
In a steam boiler, water vapor is generated from liquid water, and it is known that energy consumption can be reduced by using water vapor in advance.
Therefore, there is a demand for a technique for continuously converting low-pressure steam into high-temperature steam.
There is a need to improve the energy efficiency of steam-fired thermal power generation.
An adiabatic compressor is used in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle apparatus, and most is driven by electric power.
There is a need for a refrigeration cycle that does not use an adiabatic compressor.
The use of renewable energy is required.
There is a need for power saving in refrigeration cycle equipment.
There is a need for a refrigeration cycle that can operate with energy other than electric power due to insufficient power supply.

A heater utilizing device for achieving this object, a working fluid;
A heater composed of a pressure heat source and a heating heat source for heating the working fluid gas;
The low temperature gas inlet of the heater is disposed at a position lower than the high temperature gas outlet.
The working fluid is a refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus and water in the steam-water power generation.
The heater raises the gas to a high temperature with a constant pressure by heating.
So-called superheated steam.
Superheated steam increases in specific volume and becomes lighter.
When the outlet of the heater is made higher than the inlet and the free end is set, the heated gas rises and flows out of the heater, and the lower part of the heater becomes negative pressure.
This is the so-called chimney effect.
By utilizing this phenomenon, a low temperature gas can be continuously heated to a high temperature.
The heating heat source is a combustion heat heat source, an electric resistance heat generation heat source, a solar heat collection heat source, an outside air heat source, a tap water heat source, an engine combustion exhaust heat source, and the like.
A heat exchanger is also a kind of heater.

Further, the apparatus further comprises working fluid supply means for supplying the working fluid to the heater.
The working fluid supply means is a water supply device if it is water, and clothes or foods to be dried if it is a dryer.

Furthermore, a final heater for heating the gas of the working fluid to a final heating temperature is further provided.
In the case of a boiler, the final heater is a heater for heating water vapor to the final discharge temperature in the case of a refrigeration cycle apparatus. The working fluid is low pressure and high temperature superheated steam.
When heated to the outside air temperature and the outside water temperature by heat exchange, the energy for the final heating can be reduced.
The heat exchanger is also arranged so that the lower part of the heater is a low temperature part and the upper part is hot.

Furthermore, a preheating heater provided with a preheating heat source below the final heating temperature of the final heater is further provided.
A residual heat heat source is a heat source below the final heating heat source temperature.
Boiler drain, outside air heat source, outside water heat source such as tap water groundwater, boiler combustion exhaust heat, engine waste heat heat source. This gas is also superheated steam.
Final heat energy can be reduced by exchanging heat between this heat source and the low-temperature gas.

Further, the final heater has an upper structure, and the remaining heat heater has a lower structure.
Since the heated superheated gas becomes lighter, the height of the temperature is matched with the height of the position. Place the final heater above the preheater.

Further, the apparatus further comprises adiabatic expansion means for adiabatic expansion of the working fluid gas.
When the vaporized saturated temperature pressure gas is adiabatically expanded, energy is released and the mixture is isothermally compressed and liquefied. Therefore, no condenser is required in the refrigeration cycle.
If the working fluid is superheated steam, the energy corresponding to the superheat temperature can be adiabatically expanded to convert the steam into work without being liquefied. The adiabatic expansion means is a turbine.

Furthermore, it is characterized by further comprising a working fluid circulation means for circulating the gas of the working fluid that has been reduced in temperature and pressure by the adiabatic expansion means.
The superheated steam is reduced to the saturated vapor pressure by the adiabatic expansion means, and the energy is extracted and circulated as the steam, and is converted into superheated steam by the heater.
Efficiency is improved because the heat of vaporization is not thrown away into the condenser as in the prior art.
Mechanical energy can be extracted without external energy such as fuel if the evaporation temperature is a natural heat source such as outside air, groundwater, seawater, or tap water.

Furthermore, a gas-liquid separator that separates the gas-liquid of the wet steam of the working fluid that has been reduced in temperature and pressure by the adiabatic expansion means is provided.
When the saturated vapor is adiabatically expanded, an isothermal compression process occurs and the gas is gradually liquefied.
When the gas is fully adiabatically expanded, the condenser and adiabatic expander or turbine have the same function in the refrigeration cycle. Separate the gas and liquid so that the turbine does not fail with liquid.

Further, the liquid-pressure high-pressure delivery means for delivering the liquid of the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid separated by the gas-liquid separator at a high pressure is provided.
In the case of a cycle such as a refrigeration cycle, a high pressure section is required to rotate the cycle.
The high pressure of the liquid can be easily realized with a high pressure pump.

Furthermore, a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the superheated steam of the working fluid heated by the heater and the low-temperature liquid of the working fluid is further provided.
Superheated steam heated by evaporation at low pressure has thermal energy but low pressure.
Therefore, heat energy is transferred by exchanging heat with a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid.
If a boiler is used, heat is exchanged between superheated steam and water to produce hot water or steam.
When steam of 100 degrees or more is required, it is better to raise the saturated vapor pressure by raising the water pressure with a high-pressure pump.
In the refrigeration cycle, heat exchange is performed with the liquid refrigerant in the receiver.
After that, heat can be saved by exchanging heat between the high-temperature refrigerant and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant discharged from the evaporator.

Further, it is characterized by further comprising a liquid decompression means for decompressing the liquid of the working fluid.
If it is a refrigeration cycle, it is an expansion valve and a capillary tube.

The liquid supply device further includes liquid supply means for supplying the liquid of the working fluid.
The liquid supply means is water supply in the steam boiler.

Furthermore, an evaporator for evaporating the liquid decompressed by the liquid decompressing means is provided.
In the refrigeration cycle, it is an evaporator.

Further, the apparatus further comprises vaporization heat supply means for supplying vaporization heat to the evaporator.
In the dry evaporator of the refrigeration cycle, the vaporization heat supply means is heat absorption of outside air by a fan and a plate fin.
Existing steam boilers produce hot water vapor from cold liquid water.
Thus, the amount of heat used is the sum of latent heat of vaporization and sensible heat.
Therefore, liquid water is evaporated in advance with an evaporator. The heater disposed in the upper part of the evaporator is heated to evaporate at a low pressure by making the inside of the lower evaporator negative by the chimney effect. By evaporating water under a low pressure and supplying the vaporization heat by groundwater, tap water, seawater, or outside air, which is an external heat source other than fuel, fuel energy for the vaporization heat is reduced.
As a result, the energy for generating the superheated steam can be reduced by the heat of vaporization.
When the vaporization heat supply is performed with water, the heat source of the evaporator is water.
The water is cooled. If air in the atmosphere is used as a heat source, it will be cooled.
In addition, when generating high-pressure wet steam, the liquid may be made high pressure with a high-pressure pump to exchange heat with superheated steam.
When 1 g of 0 degree Celsius liquid water is converted to 100 degree Celsius superheated steam, the heat of vaporization of water 0 degree Celsius 2400J
100 degree sensible heat 2J × 100 = 200J
Conventional case 2600J
This time 200J
Reduction effect 2400J per gram
The energy is greatly reduced.
In water-deficient lands, heat exchange between water vapor and air is acceptable.
The high temperature heat source is an electric resistance heat generation, a combustion heat heat source, a solar heat collection heat source, or the like.

Further, the evaporator is a substructure,
The heater has an upper structure.
The heater becomes superheated steam and lightens, so it is placed on the evaporator to create a chimney effect

Further, the heater is further characterized in that a heater having a large superheat degree is arranged in the upper part.
The higher the degree of superheat, the lighter it will be placed at the top.

Further, the apparatus further comprises a gas discharge means for discharging the gas heated by the final heater in the previous period to the outside.
In a superheated steam boiler, this is the steam discharge pipe.
In the dryer, it is a steam discharge pipe.

Furthermore, the apparatus further comprises thermomechanical energy conversion means for converting the thermal energy of the gas released by the gas discharge means into mechanical energy.
This is a so-called steam turbine.
When the vapor evaporated at low temperature and low pressure is heated to superheated steam, it is not liquefied up to the evaporation pressure, so that no liquid adheres to the turbine and the turbine is not damaged.
In addition, since the turbine pressure is low, the structure of the equipment is simplified.

In addition, the apparatus further comprises power generation means for converting mechanical energy converted by the thermomechanical energy conversion means into electrical energy.
It is a so-called generator.

Further, it is characterized by further including a moving means.
The moving means is an automobile, a ship, a railway vehicle, a construction machine, or the like. The moving means is moved by the extracted mechanical energy.
In addition, refrigeration cycle equipment using heaters will be installed in cars, ships, rail cars, and construction machinery.

Further, a pressure switch attached to the outlet of the evaporator,
An electromagnetic valve attached to the outlet of the liquid decompression means is provided.
When the upper part is heated with a heater, the lower part becomes negative pressure due to the chimney effect.
When the pressure switch is set to an arbitrary evaporation pressure and the pressure falls to a predetermined pressure due to the chimney effect, the solenoid valve is opened to supply liquid.
This makes it possible to control the evaporation pressure using the chimney effect.

Furthermore, a check valve is provided at the outlet of the evaporator.

In addition, a heat insulating compressor is further provided.

Moreover, it is the building and the workpiece further provided with the heater utilization apparatus.

Further, the working fluid,
A pressure vessel;
A discharge valve;
A suction valve;
A piston moving in the pressure vessel;
A constant volume heater comprising control means for controlling the piston, the discharge valve, and the suction valve is provided.

In addition, seawater inhalation means,
A seawater draining means is provided for draining seawater whose salt concentration is increased by evaporating water in the evaporator.
It is a seawater desalination device.

Furthermore, the adiabatic expansion means is an adiabatic expander.

Furthermore, a pressure vessel,
A liquid intake valve and a liquid discharge valve;
A gas-liquid mixing condenser comprising a gas suction valve and valve control means is provided.
Then, the superheated steam absorption valve is opened to suck the superheated steam into the pressure vessel.
When the container is filled with heated steam, the liquid suction valve is opened and the liquid is put into the pressure container.
The superheated steam is mixed with a low-temperature liquid and sucks heat of vaporization, and the superheated steam is liquefied. And the temperature of the liquid rises.

Further, the apparatus further comprises cooling means for cooling the liquid liquefied by the gas-liquid mixing condenser.

Further, the liquid-liquid mixing device further comprises liquid level detecting means for detecting the liquid level of the gas-liquid mixing vessel.
The liquid suction valve and the liquid discharge valve are closed, and the gas suction valve is opened to guide the gas into the pressure vessel.
When the pressure vessel is filled with gas, close the gas intake valve.
Further, the liquid suction valve is opened, and the liquid is introduced into the pressure vessel.
At this time, as the liquid level rises, the gas is compressed to a high temperature and pressure, but is cooled by the liquid.
When the liquid is full, the gas is completely liquefied and the temperature of the liquid rises.
Next, the liquid discharge valve and the gas suction valve are opened to suck the gas while discharging the liquid. At this time, the liquid level gradually falls, the pressure inside the pressure vessel becomes negative, and gas is sucked.
By repeating this cycle, the gas is condensed and the liquid temperature rises.

Further, the liquid level detection means and the valve control means are float valve control.

Further, it is characterized by further comprising a steam injection means for injecting steam to the adiabatic expansion means.
The steam includes evaporated saturated steam, heated superheated steam, and steam that has been expanded by adiabatic expansion means to extract energy.
In order to completely liquefy the vapor, adiabatic expansion is performed several times.
The main thing of the injection means which determines an injection means before an adiabatic expansion means is a nozzle.

The liquid can be evaporated at a low temperature and low pressure, heated at a low pressure and continuously heated to generate superheated steam.
As a result, the energy for generating superheated steam can be greatly reduced as compared with the prior art of vaporization heat.
Superheated steam or steam can be expanded adiabatically to extract mechanical energy, and steam can be brought to low temperature and low pressure.
In the refrigeration cycle, when a steam generator is adiabatically expanded and a generator is attached, power can be generated and a condenser is not required.
Further, the use of a gas-liquid mixing condenser eliminates the need for an adiabatic compressor.
Further, it is possible to generate electric power by using a refrigerant having a low boiling point, carbon dioxide, evaporating at about -60 degrees Celsius and generating external steam, seawater or the like as a natural heat source to generate steam and adiabatic expansion. Power generation without using any energy such as fossil fuel becomes possible.

It is a heater. 1 is a pressure vessel and 2 is a heating heat source. The 3 heater inlet is positioned lower than the 4 heater outlet. It is a heater detailed drawing. A plate coil heat exchanger is accommodated in one pressure vessel. When used as a heat exchanger, a liquid is brought into contact with 7 coils (copper tubes), and 6 plate fins are brought into contact with gas. 8 working fluid inlets are placed at the bottom and 9 outlets at the top. It is a dryer. A drying chamber 12 accommodates 13 clothes, food, etc. containing water in a pressure vessel. The heating source of 18 final heaters is 2 electric heaters. When the final heater is heated, the air in the heater is heated and becomes superheated steam, and the pressure in the lower preheater becomes negative due to the chimney effect. A pressure switch 15 opens the electromagnetic valve 14 when the pressure drops to a predetermined evaporation pressure. The pressure in the drying chamber drops and moisture in the clothes evaporates. When evaporating, the amount of heat for vaporization is required, but it is supplied by 17 groundwater as an external heat source. The heat source needs a heat source having a temperature higher than the evaporation temperature. Since outside air, tap water, and groundwater are used as a high-temperature heat source, the evaporation temperature is lower than the outside temperature. To evaporate water at zero degrees Celsius, set to 500 Pascals and open the solenoid valve below 500 Pascals due to the chimney effect. Heating with the 16 preheating heaters to the outside temperature and groundwater temperature reduces the energy consumption of the final heater. In the present invention, the heat of vaporization is absorbed from an external heat source as compared with a conventional dryer, so that the heat of vaporization and water can save 2400 J per gram. Each heater is arranged above and below the temperature of the steam. From the bottom, the drying chamber, preheater, and final heater are in this order. It is a refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant evaporated by the 19 evaporators is sucked into the adiabatic expander with the velocity energy increased by the 22 injection nozzles. The adiabatic expander uses an existing adiabatic compressor, in which an electric motor of the adiabatic compressor is used as a generator, and a discharge port of the adiabatic compressor is used as a suction port of the adiabatic expander. An adiabatic compressor having a compression ratio of 10 becomes an adiabatic expander having an adiabatic expansion 10. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the 21 adiabatic expander is increased in velocity energy by the 22 injection nozzles, and again led to the 21 adiabatic expander. If an adiabatic expander with an adiabatic expansion ratio of 10 is used twice, the expansion ratio will be 100. If this cycle is repeated three times, the expansion ratio is 1000. The refrigerant which is not liquefied even in this way is condensed by 29 gas-liquid mixing condensers. When gas-liquid mixture condensation is performed, the heat of vaporization rises, so heat is dissipated by 30 coolers. It is a steam-water power generation cycle device. The evaporation pressure of 19 evaporators is controlled by the entz effect due to the heating of 16 preheating heaters and 18 final heaters. When the pressure of 15 drops due to the entz effect, 14 solenoid valves are opened. This makes it possible to control the evaporation pressure. The steam evaporated by 19 evaporators is converted into superheated steam by 16 preheating heaters using 17 groundwater as a heat source, and further heated to a predetermined temperature by 18 final heaters. The heat source is 28 combustion heat sources. The adiabatic expander 21 is a turbine or an adiabatic expander. The adiabatic expander uses an adiabatic compressor in reverse. The compression ratio of the adiabatic compressor becomes the expansion ratio of adiabatic expansion. Since the steam once adiabatically expanded is reduced in temperature and pressure, the velocity energy is increased again by the 22 injection nozzles and led to the 21st adiabatic expander. If an adiabatic expander with an expansion ratio of 10 is used three times, the expansion ratio will be 1000. What is liquefied by adiabatic expansion is stored in 25 liquid receivers through 24 gas-liquid separators. Since the liquid received is low pressure, the pressure is increased by 26 high pressure pumps. The vapor that still does not liquefy is condensed in 29 gas-liquid mixing condensers. Since the temperature of the condensate increases, it is cooled by 30 coolers. It is a ph diagram of a dryer. 36 begins to evaporate when the moisture of the clothes wet up to 31 at the evaporation start point is below the saturated vapor pressure. From 37 to 38, it becomes superheated steam. The superheated steam of 38 needs to be increased in order to be released into the atmosphere. Moreover, if a gas-liquid mixing condenser is used, it can condense even if it is not superheated steam. Reference numeral 48 denotes a condensation point. It is a ph diagram without a refrigeration cycle or air-water, power generation cycle, and gas-liquid mixing. 36 to 37 are evaporation in an evaporator. 37 to 38 are processes in which superheated steam is generated by heating the refrigerant in the outside air or the like. In order to increase the mechanical energy conversion of the adiabatic expansion, the superheated 38 to 37 are the superheat energy conversion in the stage thermal expansion machine. From 37, gas vapor in the gas-liquid two phases is liquefied by the adiabatic expander during the condensation process in the adiabatic expander. Since it is a gas-liquid two-phase state, it is an isothermal compression process. Reference numeral 36 denotes a point where the condensation is completely completed. Since the liquid 36 is low-temperature and low-pressure, it is pressurized to 39 with a high-pressure pump. At this time, the temperature also rises slightly. Reference numerals 39 to 36 denote a diaphragm expansion process. The refrigerant pressure is lowered by changing the isenthalpy with a capillary tube and expansion valve. It is a ph diagram with gas-liquid mixing. Evaporation is started from 40, evaporation is terminated at 41, and the mixture is heated to 42 to be superheated steam. 42 to 41 are mechanical energy conversions by the adiabatic expander. The superheated steam is adiabatically expanded to a low temperature and becomes 41 saturated steam. 41 to 43 are processes in which gas energy in two phases is converted into mechanical energy by the adiabatic expander. In this process, the gas is liquefied. 43 is the end point of the adiabatic expansion, and the vapor that has not been liquefied is liquefied by the gas-liquid mixing condenser and becomes an isoenthalpy liquid 44. Although 44 to 45 are cooling, since the amount of liquid is actually large, it is cooled with liquid. 45 is a cooled liquid which is squeezed and expanded to a point 46. 45 to 49 are the pressure increase points by the high pressure pump and the throttle expansion start points 49 to 46 are the throttle expansion. It is a gas-liquid mixing condenser. a closes the liquid suction valve 32 and the liquid discharge valve 31 and opens the gas suction valve 33 to suck the gas into the pressure vessel 1. At this time, the liquid suction valve is arranged at the upper part of the pressure vessel and the liquid discharge valve is arranged at the lower part of the pressure vessel. b closes the gas intake valve when gas is filled in the pressure vessel. The liquid absorption valve is opened to inject liquid into the pressure vessel. As the liquid is injected, the liquid level rises and the gas is compressed to a high temperature and pressure. This high-temperature and high-pressure gas is cooled and condensed by a low-temperature liquid. In c, when all the pressure vessels are filled with liquid, all of the gas is condensed and the liquid absorbs the energy of the gas and the temperature rises. Since the mass (specific volume) of the gas at the time of a and the mass (specific volume) of the liquid at the time of c are greatly different, the temperature rise of the liquid is slight. When the condensation at d and c is completed, the liquid discharge valve 31 is opened to discharge the liquid. At the same time, open the gas intake valve. At this time, the liquid level is lowered, and a gas not in a negative pressure is sucked into the pressure vessel.

1 Pressure vessel
2 Electric resistance heating
3 Pressure vessel inlet 4 Pressure vessel outlet 5 Check valve 6 Aluminum plate 7 Copper tube 8 Refrigerant inlet 9 Refrigerant outlet 10 Copper tube inlet 11 Copper tube outlet 12 Dryer 13 Clothing 14 containing water 14 Electromagnetic valve 15 Pressure switch 16 Preheating heating 17 Groundwater 18 Final heater 19 Evaporator 20 Outside air 21 Adiabatic expansion condenser (scroll, reciprocating, screw)
22 Injection nozzle 23 Generator 24 Gas-liquid separator 25 Receiver 26 High-pressure pump 27 Capillary tube 28 Combustion heat 29 Gas-liquid mixing condenser 30 Liquid cooler 31 Liquid discharge valve 32 Liquid intake valve 33 Gas intake valve 34 Gas 35 Liquid 36 Evaporation start point or condensation end point due to adiabatic expansion or pressurization start point by high pressure pump 37 Evaporation end point or condensation start point due to adiabatic expansion 38 Heat end point or adiabatic expansion start point 39 Pressurization end point or squeeze expansion by high pressure pump Start point 40 Evaporation start point 41 Evaporation end point (overheating start point)
42 Overheating end point (adiabatic expansion start point)
43 Adiabatic expansion end point (gas-liquid mixture condensation start point)
44 Gas-liquid mixing condensation end point (cooling start point)
45 Cooling end point (throttle expansion start point)
45-49 Pressurization point by high-pressure pump and throttle expansion start point 46 Throttle expansion end point (evaporation start point)
47 Saturated Vapor Pressure Line 48 Gas-Liquid Mixing Condensation Point

Claims (32)

A heater-using device, a working fluid;
A heater composed of a pressure heat source and a heating heat source for heating the working fluid gas;
Heater utilization device, wherein the low temperature gas inlet of the heater is arranged at a position lower than the high temperature gas outlet The heater utilization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising working fluid supply means for supplying the working fluid to the heater. The heater utilization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a final heater that heats the gas of the working fluid to a final heating temperature. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of the Claims 1-3 provided with the preheat heater provided with the preheat heat source below the final heating temperature of the said final heater. Furthermore, the said last heater is made into an upper structure, and the said residual heat heater is made into a lower structure, The heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The heater utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising adiabatic expansion means for adiabatic expansion of the gas of the working fluid. The heater utilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising working fluid circulation means for circulating a gas of the working fluid that has been reduced in temperature and pressure by the adiabatic expansion means. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-7 further provided with the gas-liquid separator which isolate | separates the gas-liquid of the wet steam of the working fluid pressure-reduced by the said adiabatic expansion means. The heater utilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising liquid high-pressure delivery means for delivering the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator at high pressure. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-9 provided with the heat exchanger which heat-exchanges the superheated steam of the working fluid heated with the said heater, and the low-temperature liquid of a working fluid. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-10 provided with the liquid pressure reduction means which pressure-reduces the liquid of the said working fluid. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-11 provided with the liquid supply means which supplies the liquid of the said working fluid. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-12 provided with the evaporator which evaporates the liquid pressure-reduced by the said liquid pressure reduction means. The heater utilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising vaporization heat supply means for supplying vaporization heat to the evaporator. Furthermore, the evaporator has a lower structure,
The heater using apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the heater has an upper structure. The heater utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a heater having a large superheat degree disposed at an upper portion. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-16 provided with the gas discharge | release means which discharge | releases the gas heated with the last heater in the previous period outside The heater utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising thermomechanical energy conversion means for converting thermal energy of the gas released by the gas discharge means into mechanical energy. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-18 provided with the electric power generation means which converts the mechanical energy converted by the said thermomechanical energy conversion means into electrical energy. Furthermore, a moving means is provided, The heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-19 characterized by the above-mentioned. A pressure switch attached to the outlet of the evaporator;
The heater utilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 20, further comprising an electromagnetic valve attached to an outlet of the liquid decompression means. The heater utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 21, further comprising a check valve at an outlet of the evaporator. The heater utilization device according to any one of claims 1 to 22, further comprising an adiabatic compressor. Furthermore, the building and workpiece provided with the heater utilization apparatus of Claims 1-23 And the working fluid;
A pressure vessel;
A discharge valve;
A suction valve;
A piston moving in the pressure vessel;
25. A heater utilization device according to claim 1, further comprising a constant volume heater comprising control means for controlling the piston, the discharge valve, and the suction valve. And seawater inhalation means,
26. The heater utilization device according to claim 1, further comprising seawater draining means for draining seawater whose salt concentration is increased by evaporation of water in the evaporator. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-26 which uses an adiabatic expansion means as an adiabatic expander. And a pressure vessel,
A liquid intake valve and a liquid discharge valve;
A gas intake valve;
28. The heater utilization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a gas-liquid mixing condenser comprising valve control means. The heater utilization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 28, further comprising cooling means for cooling the liquid liquefied by the gas-liquid mixing condenser. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of the Claims 1-29 provided with the liquid level detection means which detects the liquid level of the said gas-liquid mixing device. 31. The heater utilization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level detection means and the valve control means are float valve control. Furthermore, the heater utilization apparatus in any one of Claims 1-31 provided with the vapor | steam injection means which injects a vapor | steam into an adiabatic expansion means.

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