JP2013209596A - 潤滑油基油の製造方法 - Google Patents
潤滑油基油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013209596A JP2013209596A JP2012082305A JP2012082305A JP2013209596A JP 2013209596 A JP2013209596 A JP 2013209596A JP 2012082305 A JP2012082305 A JP 2012082305A JP 2012082305 A JP2012082305 A JP 2012082305A JP 2013209596 A JP2013209596 A JP 2013209596A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- mass
- zeolite
- base oil
- hydrocarbon oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- -1 ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 62
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002835 Pt–Ir Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002429 nitrogen sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002845 Pt–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018967 Pt—Rh Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UYVTYBDVUSLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-propan-2-ylimidazol-1-ium Chemical compound CC(C)[N+]=1C=CN(C)C=1 UYVTYBDVUSLCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZYDAIMOJUSSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Mo] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Mo] QZYDAIMOJUSSFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt molybdenum Chemical compound [Co].[Co].[Mo] WHDPTDWLEKQKKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012013 faujasite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004035 Cryptotaenia japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000007641 Trefoil Factors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000015724 Trifolium pratense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCOASTWZYJGKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[W] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[W] YCOASTWZYJGKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBHVUTSICSHCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](=O)N([Pt])[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N([Pt])[N+]([O-])=O LBHVUTSICSHCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tungsten Chemical compound [Ni].[W] MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYPZRUYMFDWKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-1-amine Chemical compound NN1CCNCC1 IYPZRUYMFDWKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/2767—Changing the number of side-chains
- C07C5/277—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/2775—Catalytic processes with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
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Abstract
水素化異性化触媒の長寿命化が実現でき、潤滑油基油を長期間安定的に得ることが可能な、潤滑油基油の製造方法を提供すること。
【解決手段】
水素の存在下、沸点360℃以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有する炭化水素油を、水素化異性化触媒に、下記式(1)で定義される分解率が10質量%以下となる条件で接触させて異性化脱蝋を行う第1の工程と、上記条件を分解率が13質量%以上となる条件に一時的に切り替えて上記異性化脱蝋を行う第2の工程と、を備える、潤滑油基油の製造方法。
分解率(質量%)=[(C1−C2)/C1]×100 (1)
[式中、C1は、上記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示し、C2は、異性化脱蝋後の上記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示す。]
【選択図】なし
Description
分解率(質量%)=[(C1−C2)/C1]×100 (1)
[式中、C1は、上記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示し、C2は、異性化脱蝋後の上記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示す。]
[式中、C1は、炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示し、C2は、異性化脱蝋後の炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示す。]
第1の工程(以下、場合により「異性化処理工程」という。)では、水素の存在下、沸点360℃以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有する炭化水素油を、水素化異性化触媒に接触させて異性化脱蝋を行う。第1の工程では、異性化脱蝋を、式(1)で定義される分解率が10質量%以下となる条件で行う。第1の工程における分解率は、好ましくは8質量%以下であり、より好ましくは5質量%以下である。
本態様の水素化異性化触媒は、特定の方法によって製造されることでその特徴が付与される。以下、本態様の水素化異性化触媒について、その好ましい製造の態様に沿って説明する。
VZ=Vc/Mz×100
第2の工程(以下、場合により「分解処理工程」という。)では、第1の工程における異性化脱蝋条件を、分解率が13質量%以上となる条件に一時的に切り替える。
本実施形態に係る潤滑油基油の製造方法においては、炭化水素油を水素化異性化触媒に接触させる異性化脱蝋を経て得られる反応生成物(脱蝋油)を、例えば水素化仕上げ(hydrofinishing)によって、更に処理することができる。水素化仕上げは、一般的に、水素存在下、担持金属水素化触媒(例えば、白金および/またはパラジウムが担持されたアルミナ等)に被仕上げ物を接触させることにより実施できる。このような水素化仕上げを行うことにより、脱蝋工程(第1の工程及び第2の工程)で得られた反応生成物の色相、酸化安定性等が改良され、製品の品質を向上させることができる。水素化仕上げは、上記脱蝋工程とは別の反応設備において実施してもよいが、脱蝋工程を行う反応器内に設けられた水素化異性化触媒の触媒層の下流側に水素化仕上げ用の触媒層を設けて、上記脱蝋工程に続けて行ってもよい。水素化仕上げは、水素化精製とも呼ばれ、以下、水素化仕上げ工程は水素化精製工程と称する。
<ZSM−22ゼオライトの製造>
Si/Al比が45である結晶性アルミノシリケートからなるZSM−22ゼオライト(以下、「ZSM−22」ということがある。)を、以下の手順で水熱合成により製造した。
溶液A:1.94gの水酸化カリウムを6.75mLのイオン交換水に溶解したもの。
溶液B:1.33gの硫酸アルミニウム18水塩を5mLのイオン交換水に溶解したもの。
溶液C:4.18gの1,6−ヘキサンジアミン(有機テンプレート)を32.5mLのイオン交換水にて希釈したもの。
溶液D:18gのコロイダルシリカ(Grace Davison社製Ludox AS−40)を31mLのイオン交換水にて希釈したもの。
この混合溶液に溶液Cを加えた後、室温にて激しく攪拌しながら、溶液A、B、Cの混合物を溶液Dに注入した。更に、ここへ結晶化を促進する「種結晶」として、別途合成され、合成後に何ら特別な処理が行われていないZSM−22の粉末を0.25g添加し、ゲル状物を得た。
上記で得られたZSM−22について、以下の操作によりアンモニウムイオンを含む水溶液でイオン交換処理を行った。
上記で得たNH4型ZSM−22と、バインダーであるアルミナとを質量比7:3にて混合し、ここに少量のイオン交換水を添加して混錬した。得られた粘ちょうな流体を押出成型機に充填、成型し、直径約1.6mm、長さ約10mmの円筒状の成型体を得た。この成型体を、N2雰囲気下、300℃にて3時間加熱して、担体前駆体を得た。
テトラアンミンジニトロ白金[Pt(NH3)4](NO3)2とテトラアンミンパラジウム硝酸塩[Pd(NH3)4](NO3)2を、担体前駆体のあらかじめ測定した吸水量に相当するイオン交換水に溶解して含浸溶液を得た。この溶液を、上記の担体前駆体に初期湿潤法により含浸し、ZSM−22型ゼオライトの質量に対して、白金量及びパラジウム量がいずれも0.3質量%となるように担持を行った。次に、得られた含浸物(触媒前駆体)を60℃の乾燥中で一晩乾燥した後、空気流通下、400℃で3時間焼成して、水素化異性化触媒E−1を得た。
VZ=Vc/Mz×100
式中、Vcは水素化異性化触媒の単位質量当りのミクロ細孔容積を示し、Mzは触媒に含有されるゼオライトの含有割合(質量%)を示す。
<ZSM−48ゼオライトの製造>
有機テンプレートを含むSi/Al比が45であるZSM−48型ゼオライト(以下、「ZSM−48」ということもある。)を、以下の手順で水熱合成により製造した。
試薬E:2.97gの水酸化ナトリウム。
試薬F:0.80gの硫酸アルミニウム18水塩。
試薬G:26.2gの1,6−ヘキサンジアミン(有機テンプレート)。
試薬H:0.9mlの98%硫酸溶液
試薬I:75gのコロイダルシリカ(Grace Davison社製Ludox AS−40)水溶液(SiO2濃度は40%)。
次に、180mgのイオン交換水に上記の試薬E、F、G、H、Iを加え、常温で2時間攪拌して完全に溶解させた。
有機テンプレートを含有するZSM−22に代えて上記にて得られた有機テンプレートを含有するZSM−48を用いた以外は、製造例1のZSM−22のイオン交換と同様の操作により、イオン交換されたNH4型ZSM−48を得た。
<SSZ−32ゼオライトの製造>
JP2006−523136号公報に記載の方法に準拠して、以下の手順で水熱合成により、SSZ−32ゼオライト(以下、「SSZ−32」ということもある。)を製造した。
SiO2/Al2O3=35、
イソブチルアミンとN−メチル−N’−イソプロピル−イミダソリウムカチオンの合計量がSiO2の0.2倍
有機テンプレートを含有するZSM−22に代えて上記にて得られた有機テンプレートを含有するSSZ−32を用いた以外は、製造例1のZSM−22のイオン交換と同様の操作により、イオン交換されたNH4型SSZ−32を得た。
<第1の工程(異性化処理工程)>
異性化脱蝋における触媒として、触媒E−1を使用した。内径15mm、長さ380mmのステンレス鋼製反応管に成形触媒を100ml充填し、触媒層平均温度350℃、水素流通下(水素分圧3MPa)で12時間還元処理を行った。その後、反応管に、減圧軽油を脱硫処理して得られた炭化水素油(沸点範囲150〜650℃、硫黄分30質量ppmの減圧軽油留分)を、反応温度310〜350℃、水素分圧11MPa、LHSV 1.0h−1、水素/油比500NL/Lの条件にて通油して、水素化異性化反応による脱蝋処理を行った。なお、反応温度は、初期は下記反応初期温度Tc(℃)とし、ノルマルパラフィン転化率が100%となるよう段階的に上昇させた。また、第1の工程における初期の分解率は、4質量%であった。
異性化処理工程で得られた反応生成物について、下記の操作により分留を行い、潤滑油基油留分を分離回収した。回収した潤滑油基油留分の流動点及び粘度指数を測定して、反応初期において異性化脱蝋が十分に進行する温度(反応初期温度Tc(℃))を求めた。
上記第1の工程後、水素分圧、LHSV、水素/油比はそのままに、反応温度を分解率が30質量%となる温度(372℃)まで昇温し、その温度を24時間保持して分解処理工程を行った。なお、分解処理工程においては、反応生成物をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析することにより各反応温度における分解率を把握して、所定の分解率となる反応温度を選択した。
水素化異性化触媒の劣化に伴い、反応性が低下すると、上記式(I)で定義されるノルマルパラフィン転化率が100%から低下する。そこで、異性化処理工程における反応温度を、ノルマルパラフィン転化率が100%となるようTc(℃)から段階的に上げていき、異性化処理工程における反応温度が350℃に到達するまでの運転時間を求めた。この運転時間を触媒寿命として評価した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
分解処理工程を、異性化処理工程開始から72日後に1回行い、その後実施しなかった(その後は異性化処理工程のみを行った)こと以外、実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、水素化異性化触媒の触媒寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
分解処理工程において、分解率が15質量%となるよう反応温度(353℃)を選定したこと以外、実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、水素化異性化触媒の触媒寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
触媒E−1にかえて触媒E−2を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、水素化異性化触媒の寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
触媒E−1にかえて触媒E−3を用いたこと以外、実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、水素化異性化触媒の触媒寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
分解処理工程を全く行わず、異性化処理工程のみを行った場合の水素化異性化触媒の触媒寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
分解処理工程において、分解率が12質量%となるよう反応温度(344℃)を選定したこと以外、実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、水素化異性化触媒の触媒寿命を算出した。結果は表2に示すとおりであった。
Claims (3)
- 水素の存在下、沸点360℃以上のノルマルパラフィンを含有する炭化水素油を、水素化異性化触媒に、下記式(1)で定義される分解率が10質量%以下となる条件で接触させて異性化脱蝋を行う第1の工程と、
前記条件を前記分解率が13質量%以上となる条件に一時的に切り替えて、前記異性化脱蝋を行う第2の工程と、を備える、潤滑油基油の製造方法。
分解率(質量%)=[(C1−C2)/C1]×100 (1)
[式中、C1は、前記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示し、C2は、異性化脱蝋後の前記炭化水素油における沸点360℃以上の留分の質量割合を示す。] - 前記水素化異性化触媒が、10員環一次元状細孔構造を有するゼオライト、及びバインダーを含む担体と、該担体に担持された白金及び/又はパラジウムと、を含有する触媒であり、
前記触媒の単位質量当たりのミクロ細孔容積が0.02〜0.11cc/gであり、
前記ゼオライトは、有機テンプレートを含有し10員環一次元状細孔構造を有する有機テンプレート含有ゼオライトを、アンモニウムイオン及び/又はプロトンを含む溶液中でイオン交換して得られるイオン交換ゼオライトに由来するものであり、
前記触媒に含有されるゼオライトの単位質量当りのミクロ細孔容積が0.04〜0.12cc/gである、請求項1に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。 - 前記第1の工程を継続的に行うとともに、前記第2の工程を所定の間隔で一時的に実施する、請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油基油の製造方法。
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JP2008133369A (ja) * | 2006-11-28 | 2008-06-12 | Nippon Oil Corp | 液体燃料の製造方法 |
WO2012005976A2 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-12 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Catalytic processes and systems for base oil production from light feedstock |
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AU603344B2 (en) * | 1985-11-01 | 1990-11-15 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Two stage lubricant dewaxing process |
US7132042B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2006-11-07 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Production of fuels and lube oils from fischer-tropsch wax |
US7282137B2 (en) | 2002-10-08 | 2007-10-16 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Process for preparing basestocks having high VI |
CN100428994C (zh) | 2002-10-08 | 2008-10-29 | 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 | 含氧化合物处理的脱蜡催化剂及使用该催化剂对蜡质费-托烃进行加氢脱蜡 |
EP2039745B1 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2013-06-05 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Lube base oil, lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engine, and lubricating oil composition for drive transmission device |
RU2465959C2 (ru) | 2008-02-08 | 2012-11-10 | ДжейЭкс НИППОН ОЙЛ ЭНД ЭНЕРДЖИ КОРПОРЕЙШН | Катализатор гидроизомеризации, способ его получения, способ депарафинизации углеводородного масла и способ получения базового смазочного масла |
JP5312013B2 (ja) | 2008-12-26 | 2013-10-09 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 水素化異性化触媒、その製造方法、炭化水素油の脱蝋方法及び潤滑油基油の製造方法 |
TWI473652B (zh) | 2008-12-26 | 2015-02-21 | Nippon Oil Corp | Hydrogenated isomerization catalyst, method for producing the same, dewaxing method for hydrocarbon oil and method for producing lubricating base oil |
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WO2012005976A2 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-12 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Catalytic processes and systems for base oil production from light feedstock |
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CN104204149A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
JP5757907B2 (ja) | 2015-08-05 |
US20150051429A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
KR101600285B1 (ko) | 2016-03-07 |
US9663422B2 (en) | 2017-05-30 |
WO2013147210A1 (ja) | 2013-10-03 |
ZA201407349B (en) | 2015-12-23 |
MY168942A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
CN104204149B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
KR20140138216A (ko) | 2014-12-03 |
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