JP2013202512A - Method of treating oil-and-fat- or fatty acid-containing waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of treating oil-and-fat- or fatty acid-containing waste water, efficiently decomposing oil-and-fat or fatty acid.SOLUTION: In a method of treating oil-and-fat- or fatty acid-containing waste water, in the presence of a foam body, oil-and-fat or fatty acid included in waste water is decomposed by reacting with lipase or microorganisms. In the method of treating oil-and-fat- or fatty acid-containing waste water, the number of cells per 1 cm of the foam body is 5-30.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for treating fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater in which fat or fatty acid in wastewater is decomposed with lipase or microorganisms.

  Wastewater from kitchens and food factories usually contains garbage and cooking oil. Solids such as raw garbage can be easily removed from the waste water by providing a basket or the like at the drain outlet, but it is not easy to remove liquid substances such as cooking oil. Therefore, in facilities such as kitchens and food factories that discharge wastewater mixed with a large amount of fats and oils, grease traps are provided for separating and discarding the fats and oils that have accumulated on the upper layer by collecting the fats and oils.

  However, the oil and fat accumulated in the grease trap solidifies and remains as scum (lumps of oil) on the water surface of the grease trap, or it accumulates and adheres to the inner wall surface of the grease trap and the inside of the pipe and closes the pipe. Sometimes. At this time, the accumulated fats and oils may be oxidized and spoiled to cause odors and pests. Also, if the accumulated oil and fat is left unattended, the grease trap's ability to remove oil and fat will be reduced, causing the oil and fat to flow into sewage and rivers. For this reason, when the oil and fat is accumulated in the grease trap, it is necessary to request a specialized supplier to remove the oil and fat by vacuum treatment or high-pressure washing treatment, which increases costs.

  Therefore, various methods for efficiently decomposing oils and fats in a grease trap have been studied. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which lipase efficiently decomposes fats and oils by emulsifying fats and oils in wastewater with emulsifiers using lipase and an emulsifier. In the case of using lipase, it is necessary to increase the contact area between the lipase and the fat and oil, such as mixing water and fat and oil, and emulsifying the fat and oil using a surfactant. Therefore, in these methods, since aeration and agitation are performed in the grease trap, there is a risk that oil and fat will flow out from the grease trap.

  Therefore, as a method that does not require agitation, Patent Document 2 discloses that fats and oils in waste water are adsorbed on a polyethylene-based continuous foam as a porous body, and the adsorbed fats and oils are present in the waste water. A method of decomposing with fungi is disclosed. Patent Document 3 discloses a method of decomposing oil and fat in waste water by supporting a microorganism (yeast) having oil and fat decomposability on a sponge that is a porous carrier. In these methods, the contact between microorganisms and fats and oils can be increased, and the fats and oils can be efficiently decomposed without aeration and stirring in the grease trap.

JP 2000-93938 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-26617 International Publication No. 2008/075678

  However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when a bleaching agent such as sodium hypochlorite or a basic detergent is used, microorganisms present in the waste water or carried on the porous carrier are killed. However, there is a problem of losing the ability to decompose fats and oils. Further, the method described in Patent Document 3 requires a complicated process of supporting microorganisms on a porous carrier, and there is a problem in terms of cost. Therefore, what is sufficient in the processing method of fat-and-oil containing wastewater is not disclosed until now.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the processing method of the fats and oils or fatty acid containing waste water which decomposes | disassembles fats or fatty acids efficiently.

  The present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems. As a result, in the presence of a foam made of a specific copolymer having a predetermined number of cells when the fat or fatty acid contained in the wastewater is reacted with lipase or microorganisms to decompose the fat or fatty acid, It has been found that the problem can be solved by performing the above, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the present invention is a method for treating fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater that decomposes fat or fatty acid contained in wastewater by reacting with lipase or microorganisms in the presence of the foam, and per 1 cm of the foam This is solved by a method of treating fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater having 5 to 30 cells.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the processing method of the fats and oils or fatty acid containing waste water which decomposes | disassembles fats or fatty acids efficiently is provided.

  Below, the processing method of the waste_water | drain of this invention is demonstrated.

  According to the present invention, the fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater treatment method is a foam having 5 to 30 cells per 1 cm when the fat or fatty acid contained in the wastewater is decomposed by reacting with lipase or microorganisms. It is carried out in the presence of In the present specification, “lipase or microorganism” means at least one, and also includes “lipase and microorganism”. Similarly, “oil or fat or fatty acid” means at least one, and also includes “oil and fat and fatty acid”. Accordingly, it is sufficient that the oil and fat and / or fatty acid is contained in the waste water, and it is lipase and / or microorganism that decomposes the oil and fat and / or fatty acid in the waste water. Hereinafter, the fat or oil-containing wastewater is also simply referred to as “fat-containing wastewater” or “drainage”.

[Foam]
The foam used in the present invention only needs to have pores, and is preferably a foamed resin. The foam is a foam of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyether polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer. More preferably, it is a resin. The polyether-based polyurethane means a copolymer of a polyol and an isocyanate compound. The ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer is a copolymer of ethylene, propylene and a diene compound, and is hereinafter also referred to as “EPDM”. Among these, a foamed resin of polyethylene, polypropylene, or ethylene-propylene copolymer is more preferable, a foamed resin of polyethylene or EPDM is particularly preferable, and a foamed resin of EPDM is most preferable. In the present specification, the foamed resin means a resin having holes (holes) inside the rubber-like resin.

  In the present invention, the reason why the fats and oils or fatty acids can be efficiently decomposed by using a foam having a predetermined number of cells is unknown, but is presumed as follows. In addition, this invention is not restrict | limited by the following estimation.

  The foam used in the present invention adsorbs waste water, particularly fats and oils, in the fat or fatty acid-containing waste water, and preferably also adsorbs in the pores of the foam. And it also plays a role as a lipase or a microorganism carrier (carrier) for decomposing oil or fat or fatty acid. At this time, the foam containing EPDM is presumed to have excellent adsorptivity with fats and oils or fatty acids. Further, in the foam used in the present invention, pores in the foam (hereinafter also referred to as “holes” or “bubbles”) act as a reaction field between lipase or microorganisms and fats or fatty acids. In the foam of the present invention, the pores in the foam have a predetermined number of cells, and the lipase or microorganism reacts with the fats or fatty acids in the pores so that the fats or fatty acids are efficiently produced. It is estimated that it can be decomposed. In other words, it is assumed that the pores in the foam of the present invention efficiently carry lipase or microorganisms, and fats or fatty acids. In addition, in the grease trap, the fat or fatty acid often has a lower density than the water, so that the fat or fatty acid tends to float in the waste water. For this reason, the foam is preferably present in the upper part of the height of the drainage, that is, more than half of the height of the drainage, and more preferably in a state floating in the drainage.

  The mixing ratio of each monomer component of the polyether polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer is not particularly limited, and is a known mixing ratio. It's okay.

  The diene compound used in EPDM is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1,4-hexadiene, norbornadiene, ethylidene-norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, butadiene, and isoprene. A diene compound may be used independently or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

  If the foam contains a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyether-based polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and EPDM, other known components ( For example, other monomer components) may be included.

  The foam used in the present invention preferably has closed cells (bubbles not connected to other bubbles), but may have closed cells and open cells. That is, the foam used in the present invention is preferably a semi-continuous foam. As the number of closed cells, the number of cells per 1 cm is 5 to 30. If the number of cells is less than 5, the reaction field between the lipase or microorganism and the fat or fatty acid is small, the decomposition of the fat or fatty acid is difficult to proceed, and if the number of cells exceeds 30, the pores of the foam Further, lipase or microorganisms and fats and oils or fatty acids are hardly supported, and the decomposition of fats and oils or fatty acids is difficult to proceed. The number of cells per 1 cm of the foam is preferably 6 to 25, more preferably 7 to 24, still more preferably 8 to 20, and 9 to 15 Is particularly preferred. When the number of cells is in the above range, the foam can efficiently absorb fats and oils and fatty acids in the waste water, so that the interfacial area between the oil layer and the water layer increases. it can.

  In the present specification, the number of cells per 1 cm of the foam can be measured by observing a predetermined cross section of the foam with a digital microscope and visually measuring them, and averaging them. Value. The foam used in the present invention has a closed cell diameter (diameter) of preferably 300 to 1200 μm, more preferably 350 to 1100 μm, still more preferably more than 400 μm and 1050 μm or less, particularly preferably 500 to 1000 μm. Most preferably, the thickness is 600 to 950 μm. Because the bubble diameter of the closed cells is in the above range, the foam effectively adsorbs fats and fatty acids in the waste water, increasing the interfacial area between the oil layer and the water layer. can do. In the present specification, the bubble diameter of the closed cell is a value obtained by observing a predetermined cross section of the foam with a digital microscope and measuring it visually, and arithmetically averaging them. .

  The foam used in the present invention has an open cell ratio of preferably 80 to 98%, more preferably 85 to 97.5%, still more preferably 87 to 97%, particularly preferably 88% or more and less than 96%. Preferably it is 89-95.5%. Since the open cell ratio is in the above range, the foam effectively adsorbs fats and fatty acids in the waste water, which increases the interfacial area between the oil layer and the water layer. Can do. In addition, in this specification, an open cell rate is the value measured based on the method as described in ASTM D1940-62T.

The foam used in the present invention, preferably has a apparent density 5~300kg / ^{m 3,} more preferably those wherein 10 to 200 / ^{m 3,} beyond 15kg / ^{m 3} 150kg / ^{m 3} or less Some are more preferred, those with 20-125 kg / m ³ are particularly preferred, and those with 25-100 kg / m ³ are most preferred. In the present specification, the apparent density is a value obtained by dividing the weight of the foam in the dry state by the volume of the foam in the dry state, and is also referred to as “bulk specific gravity”. The apparent density can be measured according to, for example, JIS K 6767.

The foam used in the present invention can be prepared by referring to conventionally known methods as appropriate or by combining them in combination. Moreover, you may purchase and use a commercial item. As a foam which can be obtained on the market, as polyethylene, Opcell series (LC-150, LC-300 ^{# 1} , LC-300 ^{# 2} , LC-300 ^{# 3} , LC-300 ^{# 2} D manufactured by Sanwa Kako Co., Ltd.) , LC-300 ^{# 2} WE, LR-300 ^{# 2} ), Super Opcell series (LC-3000 ^{# 2} , LC-3001 ^{# 2} , LC-3000 ^{# 2} NN, LC-3001 ^{# 2} D) manufactured by Sanwa Kako Co., Ltd. LC-1091V); as polypropylene, Zetron manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd .; as ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, Opsealer series (OP-090, OP-130, manufactured by Sanwa Kako Co., Ltd.) OP-131, OP-180, OP-130NNN), Rabapelca series (EP-100, E) manufactured by Sanwa Kako -101, EP-200), Nepto Denko Co., Ltd. Epsealer series (No. 6800, No. 685, EC-100, EC-200, EC-1000), Bridgestone Corporation Everlight Moran series (# 730) , # 830, # 930, # 031), Seal Flex Series (E-8000, E-7010) manufactured by Inoac Corporation, Inc. As the polyether polyurethane, Color Foam Series (ECA, ECS, manufactured by Inoac Corporation) , ECM, ECO, ECT, ECZ, ECZ-2, EGT, EZQ-S); As an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a transform series (501, 601, 701, 801, 100, 100S, manufactured by Daiichi Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 101, 105, 1100, 120 0, 1000, 500, 150, P150); Of these, the Opsealer series is preferable, and the Opsealer OP-131 is particularly preferable.

  The amount of the foam used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the contact area between the lipase or microorganism and the fat or fatty acid can be increased, but with respect to 100 parts by weight of the fat or fatty acid contained in the fat or fatty acid-containing waste water. And preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 200 parts by weight. More preferably, it is 0.05-175 weight part, More preferably, it is 0.1-150 weight part. In addition, the quantity of the fats and oils or fatty acid in waste_water | drain means a total amount. Moreover, when using several foam (namely, 2 or more types or 2 or more types of foam) in waste_water | drain, the value which totaled the weight is employ | adopted.

  Alternatively, the contact surface of the foam with the waste water is preferably 10 to 100%, more preferably 15 to 98%, and even more preferably 20 to 95% with respect to the surface area of the top surface of the waste water in the grease trap. It may be used. In addition, as a contact surface with the waste_water | drain of a foam, the cross-sectional area (surface area) of the surface which a foam contacts with a waste_water | drain is a method calculated in the below-mentioned Example in detail.

  The shape of the foam of the present invention includes a block shape, a sheet shape, a plate shape, a conical shape, a conical shape, a triangular pyramid shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape (pyramid shape), a truncated cone shape, a triangular frustum shape, and a quadrangular frustum shape. Any shape such as a taper shape, a granular shape, and a powder shape may be used. Further, it is preferable to appropriately select a foam shape suitable for the shape of the grease trap. Although the magnitude | size of the foam used by this invention is not restrict | limited in particular, For example, it is preferable that it is a cube of 1 mm-100 cm. Further, for example, a plurality of (for example, 4 to 100) cubic foams may be added to the oil or fatty acid-containing waste water, and the foam may be a single type of foam. Two or more foams may be used in combination. It is preferable to select an optimal foam as appropriate depending on the type of lipase, microorganisms, and fats and oils in the waste water.

  The method of adding the foam to the wastewater is not particularly limited. The foam may be added to the grease trap before the wastewater flows in, and then the wastewater may be brought into contact with the foam, or in the grease trap where the wastewater is stored. You may add a foam to. Further, since the contact area between the waste water and the foam increases, the waste water may be agitated.

[Lipase or microorganism]
In the wastewater treatment method of the present invention, lipase and / or microorganisms are used to decompose fats and oils or fatty acids. As the microorganism, an oil-degrading bacterium that decomposes fats and oils and a fatty acid-decomposing bacterium that decomposes fatty acids are preferably used. These lipases and microorganisms may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Fatty acid-degrading bacteria are preferably used in combination with lipase or oil-degrading bacteria because they can degrade fatty acids generated during the oil-degrading process, particularly long-chain fatty acids. Moreover, it is preferable that the said lipase and / or microorganisms are added to waste water once / 24 hours.

(Lipase)
The lipase used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can break down fats and oils into glycerol and fatty acids, and for example, those of various origins such as animal, plant and microorganism origin can be used. Preferred are those derived from microorganisms, in particular from bacteria, fungi or yeasts. As the lipase used for the oil / fat decomposition of the present invention, those having no specificity for ester bonds and not accumulating decomposition intermediate products such as monoglyceride and diglyceride are preferable.

  The decomposition rate of fats and oils by lipase varies depending on the type of fats and oils. Moreover, it is known that the decomposability | degradability with respect to fats and oils also changes with kinds of lipase. It is preferable to select a lipase having the highest decomposition rate according to the type of oil-and-fat-containing waste water to be treated. The lipase may be a single lipase or a combination of two or more lipases.

  Moreover, in the waste water containing various fats and oils (vegetable oil, animal oil, fish oil) like the waste water from a kitchen, it is preferable to select a lipase with low decomposition specificity or to add a plurality of lipases in combination. The pH condition and temperature condition are factors that greatly affect the decomposition of fats and oils by lipase, and it is preferable to select the optimum one depending on the properties and operating conditions of the respective fats and oils. In the case of drainage from a kitchen, it is preferable to have an optimum reaction pH condition in the vicinity of weakly alkaline to weakly alkaline pH, and a lipase having an optimum temperature condition of 10 to 70 ° C. as the temperature condition.

  Examples of lipases include Candida, especially Candida cylindracea, Candida rugosa, Candida paralipolytica and Candida antida Pseudomonas, in particular Pseudomonas cepacia (Burkolderia cepacia), Pseudomonas stuzose, Pseudomonas stuzose Domonasu alcaligenes (Pseudomonas alcaligenes), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens), Pseudomonas fragi (Pseudomonas fragi), Pseudomonas maltophilia (Pseudomonas maltophilia), Pseudomonas mendocina (Pseudomonas mendocina), Pseudomonas Mefichika lipolytica (Pseudomonas mephitica lipolytica), Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas plantarii, Pseudomonas plantari Karigenesu (Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes), Pseudomonas putida (Pseudomonas putida) and strains of Pseudomonas Wisuko Nshi Nene cis (Pseudomonas wisconsinensis), a strain of Aspergillus (Aspergillus), in particular Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) and Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus), Bacillus, in particular Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis. ormis and Bacillus subtilis strains, Penicillium, in particular Penicillium cyclopium, Penicillium pusum and Penicillium pusum Rhizopus japonicus, Rhizopus oryzae, Rhizopus delmar, Rhizopus microsporus and Rhizopus microsporus s nodosus strains, Rhizomucor, in particular Rhizomucor miehei, Mucor strains, Paecilomyces strains, Rhizotonia, Rhizotonia Strains of Absidia, in particular Absidia blackesleena and Absidia corymbifera, Achromobacter, especially Achromobacter agrobacter strains of E. eromonas, Alternaria, in particular Alternaria brassiciola, Aureobasidium, in particular the strains of Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium pullulans), v. Strains of Chromobacter, in particular Chromobacter viscosum, Coprinus, in particular Coprinus sinerius, Fusarium or spum m), strains of Fusarium solani, Fusarium solani pisi and Fusarium roseum curumum, in particular, Geotricum, Geotricum Hansenula, in particular a strain of Hansenula anomala, Humicola, in particular Humicola brevispora, Humicola brevis varium thermore. strains of Thermoidea and Humicola insolens, strains of Hyphozyma, Lactobacillus, in particular, strains of Rumbacurus uridum, Rh. ), In particular a strain of Rhodosporidium toruloides, a strain of Rhodotorula, in particular a strain of Rhodotorula glutinis (especially Sporobolices sp. Strains of porobolomyces shibatanus), a strain of thermomyces (Thermomyces), especially thermomyces-Ranujinosasu (Thermomyces lanuginosus) strains of [formally Humicola Ranujinosa (Humicola lanuginosa)], Chiarosuporera (Thiarosporella), especially Chiarosuporera-Faseorina (Thiarosporella phaseolina), From strains of Trichoderma, in particular of Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei, and / or strains of Verticillium It is possible.

  The lipase used in the present invention is preferably a strain of Candida, a strain of Pseudomonas, a strain of Aspergillus, a strain of Bacillus, a strain of Penicillium, or Rhizopus Strain, Rhizomucor strain or Mucor strain. More preferably, the lipase is obtained from a Candida strain.

  Examples of lipases available on the market include lipase MY and lipase OF, lipase PL, lipase QLM (Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd.); lipase A “Amano” 6, lipase M “Amano” 10, lipase G “Amano 50, lipase F” -AP15, lipase AY “Amano” 30G, lipase R “Amano” G and lipase T “Amano” (Amanoenzyme); Sumiteam NLS, Sumiteam RLS (Shin Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.); and lipase A-10D , Lipase AF-5 (Nagase ChemteX Corporation); Entilon AKG-2000, Entilon LP, Entilon LPG (Nakto Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.); James Co., Ltd.), and the like. Among these, lipase MY, lipase PL, lipase QLM, Lipolase 100T, Lipex 100T can be preferably used, and in particular, lipase MY (name sugar industry (stock)) obtained from Candida cylindracea strain is preferably used. .

  As the lipase, it is possible to use a lipase preparation in a liquid form, a powder form, a granule form or the like in consideration of ease of handling in use.

  The amount of lipase used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the lipase can react with fats and oils, but it is preferably used at 10 to 2,000 U with respect to 1 g of fats and oils contained in the fat and oil-containing waste water. More preferably, it is 50-1,500U, More preferably, it is 100-1,000U. Alternatively, it may be an amount that is preferably 1,000 to 100,000 U / L, more preferably 2,000 to 80,000 U / L with respect to the capacity of the grease trap. The activity unit (U) of lipase is the amount of enzyme that liberates 1 μmol of fatty acid per minute under the conditions of 37 ° C. and pH 7.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to add lipase to a grease trap (drainage) periodically. The interval is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferable to add at an interval of once every 3 hours, once every 24 hours, or once every 2-3 days. Moreover, it does not restrict | limit especially as the addition amount in that case, The above-mentioned amount of fats and oils and a lipase amount can be referred suitably. The method of adding is not particularly limited, and when the wastewater flows continuously into the grease trap, it may be added to the wastewater or may be added directly to the wastewater in the grease trap.

(Microorganism)
"Oil-degrading bacteria" and "Fatty acid-degrading bacteria"
The fats and oils in the waste water are decomposed into fatty acids and glycerin by fat-degrading bacteria or by enzymes such as lipases that are synthesized and secreted by the fat-degrading bacteria. In addition, fats and oils in the waste water are decomposed into fatty acids and glycerin by lipase or oil-degrading bacteria, but among the fatty acids, long chain fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, etc.) are hardly decomposed as they are. For this reason, long-chain fatty acids may precipitate and stay in the grease trap or in the drain pipe, resulting in problems such as off-flavors and clogging. In the treatment method of the present invention, fatty acid-degrading bacteria can be decomposed into waste water, whereby fatty acids (particularly, long-chain fatty acids) can be decomposed.

  The oil-degrading bacterium and fatty acid-degrading bacterium used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and include those that secrete the lipase described above. Specifically, Candida, in particular Candida cylindracea, Candida rugosa, Candida paralipolytica and Candida antida t ), In particular Pseudomonas cepacia (Burkolderia cepacia), Pseudomonas stutzeri, Pseudomonas studia, Pseudomonas eruginosa Ness (Pseudomonas alcaligenes), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens), Pseudomonas fragi (Pseudomonas fragi), Pseudomonas maltophilia (Pseudomonas maltophilia), Pseudomonas mendocina (Pseudomonas mendocina), Pseudomonas Mefichika lipolytica (Pseudomonas mephitica lipolytica) Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Pseudomonas plantarii, Pseudomonas plantarines (Pseudomonas pseudoalgenes) omonas pseudoalcaligenes), Pseudomonas putida (Pseudomonas putida) and Pseudomonas Wisuko Nshi Nene cis (Pseudomonas wisconsinensis); Aspergillus (Aspergillus), in particular Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) and Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus); Bacillus (Bacillus), especially Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus satiri Penicillium (especially Penicillium cyclopium), Penicillium crustosum (Penicillium crustosum) Rhizopus oryzae, Rhizopus delemar, Rhizopus microsporus and Rhizopus nozosus (Rhizopus nozosus) ucor), in particular Rhizomucor miehei; Mucor; Peciolomyces; Rhizoctoniab, particularly Rhizoconia Aranis; Rhizoconia Absidia corymbifera; Achromobacter, in particular Achromobacter iophagus; Aeromonas; in particular Alternaria, Alternaria Aureobasidium, in particular Aureobasidium pullulans; Beauberiaus, Cromobacter v, Cromobacter h, Cromobacter v In particular, Coprinus cinerius; Fusarium, especially Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium solani pisilis i) and Fusarium roseum culmorum; Geotricum, especially Geotricum penicillatum; Hansenula, especially Hansenula a. Brevispora, Humicola brevis variety Thermoide (Himicola brevis var. thermoidea and Humicola insolens; Hyphozyma; Lactobacillus, in particular Lactobacillus curbatus; Metalrizum (Rhodosporium toruloides); Rhodotorula, in particular Rhodotorula glutinis; Sporoboromyces, in particular Sporoboromyces sibatanol (Sporobols) Tanus); thermomyces (Thermomyces), especially thermomyces-Ranujinosasu (Thermomyces lanuginosus) [formally Humicola Ranujinosa (Humicola lanuginosa)]; Chiarosuporera (Thiarosporella), especially Chiarosuporera-Faseorina (Thiarosporella phaseolina); Trichoderma (Trichoderma), in particular Trichoderma -Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei; and / or Verticillium.

  As the oil-degrading bacterium and fatty acid-degrading bacterium used in the present invention, preferably, Candida, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Penicillium, Rhizomuc, Rhizopus ) Or Mucor. These oil-degrading bacteria and / or fatty acid-degrading bacteria can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As oil-degrading bacteria and fatty acid-degrading bacteria, considering the ease of handling in use, etc., it is necessary to use oil-degrading bacteria preparations in the form of liquids, powders, granules, etc., fatty acid-degrading bacteria preparations it can.

  A commercially available product can be used as the oil-degrading bacterium preparation. For example, BI-CHEM TD800S (fatty acid-degrading bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus) (manufactured by Novozymes Biologicals), Hypolka O (manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), FK Eight Super H fungus (manufactured by Condo FRP Kogyo Co., Ltd.), SYBRON (bio Chemical Company), Oppenheimer Formula (Biorangers), etc. can be used.

The amount of the oil-degrading bacteria and / or fatty acid-degrading bacteria used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the oil-degrading bacteria and / or fatty acid-degrading bacteria can react with fats and oils. It is preferable to use by x10 < ² > -1x10 < ¹¹ >. More preferably, it is 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ pieces. Alternatively, the amount may be 1 × 10 ² to 1 × 10 ¹¹ pieces / L, more preferably 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ pieces / L with respect to the capacity of the grease trap. . In addition, an oil-degrading bacterium and a fatty acid-decomposing bacterium mean the total amount when used in combination of two or more.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to periodically add fat-decomposing bacteria and / or fatty acid-degrading bacteria to the grease trap (drainage). The interval is not particularly limited, but for example, it is preferable to add at an interval of once every 3 hours, once every 24 hours, or once every 2-3 days. Moreover, it does not restrict | limit especially as the addition amount in that case, The above-mentioned amount of fats and oils and a lipase amount can be referred suitably. The method of adding is not particularly limited, and when the wastewater flows continuously into the grease trap, it may be added to the wastewater or may be added directly to the wastewater in the grease trap.

[Oil or fatty acid-containing wastewater]
In the method of the present invention, oil or fatty acid-containing wastewater means oil or fat or fatty acid, or wastewater containing fat and fatty acid. Therefore, it is not particularly limited as long as it contains oil or fat or fatty acid, and examples thereof include waste water discharged from restaurants, household kitchens, food factories, and the like. At this time, the waste water contains cooking oil such as salad oil, sesame oil, olive oil, butter, and food-derived oil such as oil contained in fish and meat. Furthermore, these wastewaters contain fatty acids that are oil and fat decomposition products. In the method of the present invention, fats and oils contained in the waste water, that is, fats and oils decomposed by lipase are not particularly limited, and may be any of animal, vegetable, fish oil, and synthetic oil.

  The content of the fat or fatty acid in the waste water is not particularly limited, and the amount of the foam, lipase, or microorganism can be appropriately selected according to the amount of the fat. Moreover, since the reactivity of lipase and microorganisms changes with kinds of fats and oils or fatty acid contained in waste water as mentioned above, it is preferable to select the optimal lipase and microorganisms according to the properties of fats and oils. Moreover, in the waste water containing various fats and oils (vegetable oil, animal oil, fish oil) like the waste water from a kitchen, it is preferable to select a lipase with low decomposition specificity or to add a plurality of lipases in combination.

(Processing method)
In the method of the present invention, the mixing order of the fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater, the foam, and the lipase or the microorganism is not particularly limited. Before the wastewater is introduced into the grease trap, the foam and the lipase are collectively collected. Alternatively, microorganisms may be disposed in the grease trap, or foam and lipase or microorganisms may be collectively introduced into the grease trap after drainage is introduced into the grease trap. Also, either one (for example, foam) may be placed in advance in the grease trap, and after the drainage is introduced, the other (for example, lipase or microorganism) may be added to the drainage, or the grease trap may be drained. After the is introduced, the foam and the lipase or microorganism may be added separately.

  In the present invention, the foam does not need to carry lipase or microorganisms, and the effects of the present invention are exhibited by the presence of the foam and lipase or microorganisms in the waste water. Furthermore, according to the treatment method of the present invention, when lipase or microorganisms are added to the waste water at an appropriate interval such as once / 24 hours, the resolution of the fat does not decrease, and the fat-containing waste water is continuously treated. can do. Moreover, since it can process continuously, it is excellent also in terms of cost. As described above, the lipase or microorganism can be added together with the newly introduced fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater. Therefore, if the lipase or microorganism is added from a drain outlet such as a kitchen sink, it is discharged by washing. Along with the drained water, lipase or microorganisms can be introduced into the grease trap. In order to promote the decomposition reaction, it is preferable to mix lipase or microorganisms previously dispersed in water or the like with fat or fatty acid-containing waste water. The water or the like in which lipase or microorganisms are dispersed may be water alone or a part of wastewater, fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater. The drainage at this time may be a buffer solution or an aqueous solution containing various salt compounds, and is not particularly limited as long as the activity of lipase is not lost.

  The grease trap may be configured to continuously introduce fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater and continuously discharge the treated wastewater, or after introducing fat or fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater and treating it in batch, The form which discharges | emits the waste_water | drain after a process may be sufficient.

  The method of the present invention increases the contact area between fats and / or fatty acids and lipase and / or microorganisms in the wastewater due to the foam, so that the drainage is effective without using other additives such as an emulsifier. Can be processed automatically.

  Further, in the method of the present invention, the temperature at which the lipase and / or microorganism decomposes the oil or fat, that is, the temperature in the grease trap can be appropriately selected because it varies depending on the lipase and / or microorganism used. Further, the pH at which the lipase and / or microorganism decomposes fats and oils and / or fatty acids, that is, the pH in the grease trap, can be appropriately selected because it varies depending on the lipase and / or microorganism used. For example, in general, the temperature is preferably 10 to 60 ° C, preferably 20 to 50 ° C, more preferably 30 to 40 ° C, and the pH is preferably pH 4 to 10, more preferably pH 5 to 9, and pH 6 to 8 is more preferable, and pH 6.5 to 7.5 is particularly preferable.

  In the method of the present invention, waste water can be effectively treated with foam, lipase and / or microorganism, but in addition to foam, lipase and / or microorganism and fat and / or fatty acid containing waste water. Other components may be mixed. Examples of other components include an emulsifier and a pH adjuster.

  As an emulsifier, the lipase activity and the action by microorganisms need not be inhibited. Anionic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (NaDDBS), aliphatic amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts and the like Cationic surfactants, fatty acid esters, nonionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol, and amphoteric surfactants such as ammonium carboxylate, ammonium sulfate, N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethylbetaine, and betaine can be used. In addition, the usage-amount of surfactant is not restrict | limited in particular, It is 0.001 to 10 weight% with respect to the weight of waste_water | drain.

  Examples of pH adjusters include acids and alkalis. When the pH of the waste water is not within the optimum pH range of the lipase used, it is preferable to adjust the pH to an optimum pH by adding acid or alkali. In this case, the acid and alkali are not particularly limited, but acids such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and acetic acid, and alkalis such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are used. The content of the pH adjusting agent is not particularly limited, and an amount that achieves a desired pH may be used.

(Wastewater treatment material)
The treatment material of the present invention has 5 to 30 cells per 1 cm, and includes a foam and lipase or microorganism. At that time, the contact surface of the foam with the drainage is preferably 10 to 100%, more preferably 15 to 98%, and further preferably 20 to 95% with respect to the surface area of the upper surface of the drainage in the grease trap. It may be used as follows. In addition, as a contact surface with the waste_water | drain of a foam, the cross-sectional area (surface area) of the surface which a foam contacts with a waste_water | drain is a method calculated in the below-mentioned Example in detail. Further, the lipase or microorganism is preferably 1,000 to 100,000 U / L, more preferably 2,000 to 80,000 U / L, and the microorganism is 1 × with respect to the grease trap capacity (1 L). The amount is 10 ² to 1 × 10 ¹¹ pieces / L, preferably 1 × 10 ³ to 1 × 10 ¹⁰ pieces / L. The wastewater treatment material of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the above-mentioned foam and lipase or microorganism, but is preferably composed of the foam and lipase or microorganism. In this embodiment as well, “lipase or microorganism” includes “lipase and microorganism”.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated concretely, these Examples do not restrict | limit this invention at all.

<Sample>
(1) Aqueous layer: Water drained from a grease trap operating in a cafeteria is filtered with a nonwoven fabric to remove oils and fats, and then adjusted to pH 5 by adding HCl or NaOH.
(2) Fats and oils: Boiled wastewater collected from grease traps operating in the cafeteria, and the melted fats and oils dispensed with Komagome pipettes.
(3) Test solution: A test tube (inner diameter 1.5 cm) added with 5 mL of an aqueous layer and 150 mg of oil and fat and autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes.

Example 1
4 mg of lipase MY (32 U / mg, manufactured by Meito Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was added to the test solution in the test tube (inner diameter 1.5 cm), and the mixture was stirred by vortexing for 10 seconds. After stirring, 7 pieces (0.02 to 0.03 g × 7 pieces) of foam A shown in Table 1 having a size of 3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm were added, and the mixture was stirred at 30 ° C. and 140 min ⁻¹ . Shake for 24 hours.

Note that the experiment of the surface area of the upper surface of the waste water that is 176 mm ^2, the total cross-sectional area of the foam, 63 mm ² (Foam 1 cross-sectional area: 9 mm ² × 7 cells) since it is The contact surface of the foam was 36% with respect to the surface area of the upper surface of the drainage.

  Thereafter, 8 mL of an extraction solvent (chloroform: methanol = 4: 1 (volume ratio)) was added to the test tube, and the mixture was vortexed for 2 minutes. After stirring, the chloroform layer was separated. 5 μL of the separated chloroform solution was spotted on a thin layer chromatography (TLC) and developed with a developing solvent (hexane: diethyl ether: acetic acid = 80: 20: 1 (volume ratio)). After the development, 50% sulfuric acid aqueous solution was sprayed on the TLC and heated at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes to carbonize the fats and oils. After carbonization, image analysis is performed with LAS-4000 (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation), and the fat and oil decomposition rate is determined by quantifying the residual amount of fat and oil from the density and area of the spot (Rf value 0.45) corresponding to the fat and oil. Calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1, an oil decomposition experiment was performed in the same manner except that the foam A was not added, and then the oil decomposition rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, except that the foam A was changed to the foam B shown in Table 1 (foam B having a size of 3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm (0.005 to 0.015 g × 7)). Similarly, after conducting an oil and fat decomposition experiment, the oil and fat decomposition rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 3)
Add 0.25 g of microorganism preparation BI-CHEM TD800S (manufactured by Novozymes, bacterial species: Bacillus genus, etc., 2.0 × 10 ⁹ CFU / g) and 50 mL of tap water to a 50 mL beaker, and stir with a stirrer for 30 minutes. A microorganism-containing liquid was prepared. After stirring, 50 μL of the microorganism preparation solution was added to the test solution in the test tube (inner diameter 1.5 cm), and stirred by vortexing for 10 seconds. After stirring, 7 pieces (0.02 to 0.03 g × 7 pieces) of foam A shown in Table 1 having a size of 3 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm were added, and the mixture was stirred at 30 ° C. and 140 min ⁻¹ . Shake for 24 hours. Thereafter, 8 mL of an extraction solvent (chloroform: methanol = 4: 1 (volume ratio)) was added to the test tube, and the mixture was vortexed for 2 minutes. After stirring, the chloroform layer was separated. 5 μL of the separated chloroform solution was spotted on a thin layer chromatography (TLC) and developed with a developing solvent (hexane: diethyl ether: acetic acid = 80: 20: 1 (volume ratio)). After the development, 50% sulfuric acid aqueous solution was sprayed on the TLC and heated at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes to carbonize the fats and oils. After carbonization, image analysis was performed with LAS-4000 (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.), and spots corresponding to fats and oils (Rf value 0.45) and spots corresponding to fatty acids (Rf value about 0.2 to 0.3) were concentrated. The amount of fat and fatty acid and the fatty acid decomposition rate were calculated by quantifying the residual amounts of the fat and fatty acid from the area. Moreover, the decomposition rate of a fatty acid is a value converted from the decomposition rate of fats and oils and the residual amount of fatty acids. As a specific method, for example, 20 mg of fats and oils and 10 mg of fatty acids are contained in the initial sample solution of the decomposition experiment, and the fats and oils are changed to 10 mg and fatty acids of 10 mg in the sample solution by the oil decomposition experiment. Explained. Since fats and oils changed from 20 mg to 10 mg, the decomposition rate becomes 50%. At this time, it is considered that 10 mg of fatty acid was produced by 20% degradation of 20 mg of fat. Then, 10 mg of fatty acid was contained in the initial sample solution, and 10 mg of fatty acid was generated due to the decomposition of the fats and oils. Therefore, it is considered that the sample solution after the decomposition experiment contains 20 mg of fatty acid in total. In this case, since the sample solution after the actual decomposition experiment contains 10 mg of fatty acid, the decomposition rate of fatty acid is converted to 10 mg / 20 mg × 100 = 50%. A value obtained by converting the decomposition rate of the fatty acid by the method is evaluated as the fatty acid decomposition rate. These results are shown in Table 3.

(Comparative Example 2)
In Example 3, oil and fatty acid decomposition experiments were performed in the same manner except that the foam A was not added, and then the oil and fatty acid decomposition rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

Example 4
In Example 3, the foam A was changed to the foam B shown in Table 1 (3 mm x 3 mm x 3 mm foam B (0.005 to 0.015 g x 7)). In the same manner, after the fat and fatty acid decomposition experiment was performed, the fat and fatty acid decomposition rate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3.

Claims (3)

A method for treating fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater that decomposes by reacting fat or fatty acid contained in wastewater with lipase or microorganisms in the presence of foam,
The processing method of fats and oils or fatty acid containing waste water whose cell number per cm of the said foam is 5-30 pieces.   The method for treating fat or fatty acid-containing wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the foam has a cell diameter of 300 to 1200 µm.   The foam includes a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyether-based polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer. The processing method of the fats and oils or fatty acid containing wastewater of Claim 1 or 2.