JP2013199515A - Biomass circulating processing system of livestock excrement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulation type livestock excrement processing system by converting livestock excrements into spontaneously combustible biomass fuel, and converting new livestock excrements into fuel using the biomass fuel as a heat source.SOLUTION: This livestock excrement processing system comprises a mixing system A of mixing a compost and wood fine molder powder and feeding; a drying system B of drying the mixed raw material to produce spontaneously combustible composite biomass fuel; a storage system C of measuring moisture content and storing the composite biomass fuel; and a boiler system D of supplying heat to the drying system and producing heat for hot water using the composite biomass fuel as fuel source.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technology using livestock manure as a biomass fuel.

Traditionally, in Japan, livestock manure, etc. has been sprayed and applied to fields, pastures, etc. by the production of rough compost, but not only does it take time and cost to complete fermentation in the compost production process, but also the spread of malodor・ Environmental pollution such as water pollution is a major problem. Agricultural products are exposed to competition from overseas, and competitiveness is being strengthened by expanding the scale to increase the number of cattle and pigs.
On the other hand, there is an environmental problem, and increased manure disposal becomes a bottleneck.
Conventionally, composting, fertilizing, fueling, etc. have been studied for manure treatment. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 54-117145) discloses a method in which sawdust is introduced into livestock manure to adjust the water content and sprayed as ripened compost to arable land. Even if manure generated from large-scale breeding is composted, excessive application to the field will lead to an excess of nitrogen content, resulting in generation of manure exceeding the application limit to the field, which is insufficient for resolution. .
Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which an auxiliary material such as pulp koji is introduced into livestock manure, dehydrated and solidified into fuel or fertilizer.
Patent Document 3 discloses a means for mixing cellulose waste with a part of dried pellets as a moisture adjusting material and drying it after granulation.
Patent Document 4 discloses a method in which fine powder and livestock manure are mechanically agitated and water is evaporated by frictional heat to dry.
Patent Document 5 discloses a pulverization treatment of plant organic matter.
Patent Document 6 discloses means for mixing livestock manure and wood-based carbides or semi-carbides at a predetermined weight ratio, drying them, and burning them.
In addition, many proposals such as a treatment agent using a water-absorbing polymer (Patent Document 7: Japanese Patent No. 3288317), an example using sawdust as a moisture adjusting material (Patent Document 8: Japanese Patent No. 3981021), etc. Has been tried.
On the other hand, the present inventors have continued research and development with a focus on incorporating livestock manure into fuel and processing livestock waste and securing a heat source for barns in a breeding system. A proposal (Patent Document 9: Japanese Patent No. 3981021) is proposed that dries the organic material of livestock manure to about 25% by mixing and drying wood-based material (swarf waste) and livestock manure to make oil substitute fuel. did. As a result of research, a system capable of converting livestock manure into biomass and circulating it was proposed as Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-77572 and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2011-137071. The present inventors have continued research and development to improve the circulation processing system.

JP 54-117145 A JP 2006-273993 A Japanese Patent No. 3981021 JP 2005-246359 A JP 2006-64308 A JP 2007-40684 A Japanese Patent No. 3288317 Japanese Patent No. 3981021 Japanese Patent No. 4149487 JP 2010-77772 A JP 2011-137071 A

  The present invention proposes a circulation-type livestock manure treatment system that uses livestock manure as a self-combustible biomass fuel and uses this biomass fuel as a heat source to convert new livestock manure into biomass fuel. In particular, develop technologies to stabilize the quality of biomass fuels.

The main configuration of the present invention is as follows.
1. Livestock manure mixed with compost containing livestock manure and beaten wood fine molder powder, dried to produce a self-combustible composite biomass fuel, and using the composite biomass fuel as a heat source for the dry treatment A processing system,
Mixing system A for mixing and supplying compost and woody fine molder powder,
A drying system B for drying the mixed raw material to produce a self-combustible composite biomass fuel, and a system C for measuring the water content and storing the composite biomass fuel;
A boiler using a composite biomass fuel as a fuel source, the boiler system D for producing heat supply to the drying system and heat for hot water supply;
A livestock manure treatment system consisting of
2. The mixing system A includes a wood fine molder powder silo, a compost silo, and a kneader. The wood fine molder powder supplied from the wood fine molder powder silo and the compost supplied from the compost silo are supplied to the kneader. 1 to be mixed. The livestock manure processing system described.
3. As a mixing and feeding mechanism of the mixing system A, a screw conveyor for supplying compost and a screw conveyor for supplying wooden fine molder powder are provided, and a screw conveyor for supplying wooden fine molder powder is provided between the screw conveyor for supplying compost. 1. It is characterized by having a structure in which the tip of is opened. The livestock manure processing system described.
4). A moisture measuring device for measuring the moisture of the composite biomass fuel is provided and fed back to the mixing system A or the drying system B. ~ 3. The livestock excrement disposal system in any one of.
5. The moisture measuring device is provided with a moisture measuring sensor attached to a hopper-like bucket, and has a mechanism for storing a composite biomass fuel for measurement and discharging it after the measurement. The livestock manure processing system described.
6). A paddle dryer is used as the drying system B. ~ 5. The livestock excrement disposal system in any one of.
7). The paddle dryer is provided with a rotating shaft in the longitudinal direction of the casing, the paddle is attached to the rotating shaft, and the stirring and transfer of the mixture in the dryer is adjusted by the paddle shape, the setting angle, and the setting interval. 5. A heat source for drying is taken into the casing from the mixed raw material input side, and the heat source is discharged from the dry material take-out side. The livestock manure processing system described.
8). The boiler system D is composed of a hot water boiler, an ash removal device, a fire dust stop device, and a hot water storage tank. ~ 7. The livestock excrement disposal system in any one of.
9. The supply of heat from the boiler to the drying system uses the combustion heat of the boiler. The temperature of the heat path is measured, and a fire dust arrester and an outside air intake are interposed between the drying system and the ignition system. 7. A prevention mechanism and a temperature control mechanism are provided. The livestock manure processing system described.
10. The exhaust from the paddle dryer is equipped with a dust-removing cyclone, a muffler exhaust, and a gas measuring instrument. The livestock manure processing system described.

1. Livestock manure can be converted into a biomass fuel capable of self-combustion, and the amount of livestock manure waste can be reduced.
2. Livestock manure was mixed with woody fine molder powder to make a self-combustible composite biomass fuel, and a circulation type livestock manure treatment system was realized that uses this composite biomass fuel as a heat source to convert new livestock manure into biomass fuel. The moisture content of the composite biomass fuel produced was measured, and the temperature of the hot air from the heat source was measured to control the entire system and improve the quality of the biomass fuel.
3. The composite biomass fuel moisture was measured to stabilize the quality.
4). As a concrete measure, we adopted a paddle dryer that measures the moisture contained in the composite biomass fuel, adjusts the moisture content of the mixed raw material to be fed into the dryer, and improves the drying performance of the mixed raw material using non-uniform compost as the main raw material As a result, biomass fuel with stable quality was realized. The temperature of the hot air used for drying is measured, the temperature of the heat source is controlled, and the quality of the biomass fuel is improved and the system operation is managed.
5. By producing composite biomass fuel with stable quality and using it as a self-use heat source for this system, the amount of fossil fuel used as an auxiliary heat source can be reduced, and energy saving in the operation of a livestock manure treatment system can be realized.
6). Odor generated by the woody fine molder powder and reduction of exhaust odor generated by high temperature drying can greatly reduce the odor generated from the entire system.
7). Hot water and warm air can be easily supplied to livestock breeding sites, and the livestock environment and working environment can be improved. In particular, it is effective in improving the initial survival rate of young animals and can improve the productivity of the livestock industry. In addition, by improving the odor and sanitary environment, it will ease the restrictions on the location of the Japanese livestock industry where residential areas are close.

This system schematic diagram. The figure which shows the example of embodiment of this system The figure which shows the example of embodiment of the apparatus arrangement | positioning of this system. Example of paddle dryer The figure which shows the example of a boiler. Diagram showing an example of a mixing system The figure which shows the example of a moisture measuring apparatus. The figure which shows the example of a drying heat source system. Diagram showing examples of composite biomass fuel storage system and exhaust system

1. Outline The present invention is a technology for reducing the volume, recycling, and detoxification of manure, which is a livestock waste associated with an increase in the scale of the livestock industry. It is an invention that contributes to improving the livestock rearing environment, working environment, and surrounding environment. Furthermore, it is an invention that improves the industrial competitiveness by increasing the degree of freedom in the location of the livestock industry, lowering the breeding cost.
The present invention is a circulating processing system in which livestock manure is converted into a biomass fuel capable of self-combustion, and heat generated from the biomass fuel is used to dry livestock manure into a biomass fuel.
Livestock manure has a lot of water, and manure that has become composted by laying a matte is not uniform in density and moisture content and is not easy to handle. The present invention mixes this composted livestock manure and woody fine molder powder to adjust the water content, and dries it with a dryer until it can self-combust, producing a composite biomass fuel, and burns this composite biomass fuel with a boiler This is a circulation processing system that recovers heat and uses it as a heat source for a dryer and a heat source such as hot water used in a barn. This basic processing system is as proposed by the present applicant as Prior Patent Documents 10 and 11.
The present invention has stabilized the quality of the composite biomass fuel. That is, the entire system is improved by managing the water content of the composite biomass fuel, adjusting the water content in the previous stage of charging into the dryer, and developing a dryer mechanism.
As the main concrete means, measure the moisture content of the composite biomass fuel after it is discharged from the dryer, feed it back to the moisture adjustment process before putting it into the dryer, adopt a paddle dryer as the dryer, This is to adjust the stirrability and residence time in the dryer.

An outline of the livestock manure treatment system of the present invention is shown in FIG.
Mixing system A that mixes compost and woody fine molder powder to produce mixed raw materials,
Drying system B for drying composite raw materials to produce a composite biomass fuel capable of spontaneous combustion,
A system C for storing the obtained composite biomass fuel;
This is a livestock excreta treatment system comprising a boiler system D that uses composite biomass fuel as a fuel source and recovers heat used in the present system. In this system, each of these systems is connected by a transport system in the order of the stroke, and further includes a heat recovery and supply system and necessary control equipment.
A moisture measuring device for measuring the moisture content of the composite biomass fuel is installed near the conveyance path behind the dryer outlet or the inlet of the storage system. It is suitable to install the moisture measuring device in the vicinity of the storage system inlet where the temperature of the composite biomass fuel is lower than that immediately after discharging the dryer. A paddle dryer that can adjust the angle of the stirring blade is suitable as the dryer.

2. Definition of terms The definitions of main terms used in the present invention are as follows.
(1) Compost containing livestock manure is a mixture of livestock manure itself and litter. The compost refers to a state including a state immediately after being discharged from the barn to a stored state, and is independent of the fermentation state.

(2) The woody fine molder powder is a woody fine powder or piece. It is represented by the slab discharged from the molder process used for surface finish grinding of wood. The woody fine powder is excellent in water absorption performance and odor absorption performance. The shape of the fine powder includes granular particles such as sawdust, thin chips such as sawdust, lumps such as pulp chips, or fiber-like powder used for wood fiberboards. To do.
In particular, a thin chip body such as kana scrap and a deformed chip body such as a twist or curl are suitable. Furthermore, the thing which applied the beating process and softened and loosened the coupling | bonding of the cellulose fibers which comprise a wooden structure, and improved the water | moisture-content adsorption | suction ability is suitable. Specifically, a wood shaving piece as a pencil axis, a canna scrap piece of wood, a grinding piece cut out by a molder process which is a surface finish of wood, and the like can be used. This can be further refined and subjected to softening treatment and fragmentation treatment to improve water absorption, thereby improving functionality. As a beating device, a device such as inserting a stagnation through a turbofan type rotating body can be used. As a rotating body type, a chain or a wire is rotated and passed. In addition, there is a method in which two nets are arranged opposite to each other, rotated relatively, a material is supplied between them, and lightly rubbed and beaten.

Specifically desirable shapes and properties are as follows.
It has a thickness of 0.02 to 0.2 mm, a width of 1 to 10 mm, a length of 2 to 20 mm, a bulk density of 0.1 to 0.3 g / cm ³ (150 ° C., dried for 30 minutes), and the woody fine molder powder is The water absorption capacity at room temperature (150 ° C., 30 minutes dried wood fine molder powder absorbed water per 1 g) is 1.0 g water / g powder (5 minutes) to 1.5 g water / g powder ( 10 minutes), and the water evaporation ability (at 150 ° C. atmosphere) releases the entire amount of absorbed water in 5 to 10 minutes.
The mixing ratio of the woody fine molder powder to the compost having a moisture content of 50 to 70% by weight is 30% to 80% by weight. The mixing ratio is adjusted depending on the moisture content of the compost. If the mixing ratio is small, the drying load increases.
When the size of the woody fine molder powder is outside the above range, mixing with livestock manure cannot secure an appropriate gap, resulting in variations in the moisture content of the dry organic matter, and reducing the self-combustibility of the dry organic matter. There is a problem such as occurrence, and its density is measured after drying a wood-based fine powder at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, so the fineness of the fine wood molder is due to the softness of the fine wood molder powder. Because it is bent, it maintains the state of mixing with livestock manure and moderate gaps, and exerts effects such as transpiration promotion during drying.
Also, after drying 1 g of the woody fine molder powder at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, the amount of moisture absorbed in 5 minutes and 10 minutes is 1 g to 1.5 g, and 1 g of the woody fine molder powder that has absorbed moisture is 1 g The time range until the entire amount of moisture absorbed in the 150 ° C. atmosphere is released is 5 to 10 minutes.
In addition, the water absorption amount was approximated to the condition when the wood fine molder powder was in contact with livestock manure, that is, after the wood fine molder powder was submerged in water for a predetermined time, paper with good water absorption (toilet Paper) and the moisture increase was measured, and the weight increase was measured.
In the present invention, by having the water absorption ability and the water evaporation ability, the water transfer from the livestock manure is effectively performed at the time of mixing with the livestock manure, facilitating the transportation to the dryer, and the water evaporation at the time of drying. There are effects such as being performed smoothly.
Outside the above water absorption capacity and water evaporation capacity, moisture transfer from livestock manure is insufficient, stickiness occurs, and it is difficult to transport to the dryer device, making uniform stirring difficult even during drying. This results in a complex biomass fuel with a non-uniform moisture content.

(3) Composite biomass fuel The composite biomass fuel obtained in the present invention is a solid fuel capable of self-combustion by mixing compost containing livestock manure and woody fine molder powder and drying. The self-combustion refers to a state in which self-combustion can be maintained even when there is no heating from the other in an ignited state. When the water content is high, the combustibility becomes worse. Until this composite biomass fuel is ignited, auxiliary combustion means such as an oil burner is required. If the quality varies, it will be necessary to use an oil burner or the like, so maintaining the quality is important for maintaining the system.
The composite biomass fuel obtained from the present invention is self-consumed in the present system, and the excessively produced product can be used outside the system such as external sales.
In the overdried state, there is a risk of spontaneous ignition due to friction, so the water content is adjusted to around 15% in consideration of handling. Preferably, the water content is controlled to 15 to 25%.
If the drying temperature is low and drying is inadequate, compost will ferment and there is a risk of spontaneous ignition due to odor and heat of fermentation, so there is a risk other than quality as fuel. It is important to prevent.
As a result, it is possible to improve the quality of the composite biomass fuel, improve the combustion efficiency, improve the operation variation such as stopping the combustion of the boiler for hot water supply, and reduce the oil consumption of the auxiliary burner. Furthermore, since stable hot air can be sent from the boiler to the drying device, the number of auxiliary heating devices such as a burner can be greatly reduced in the drying device. Since the temperature in the drying apparatus can be kept high, the odorlessness of the exhaust odor is also improved.

3. About the system Fig. 2 shows an example of a detailed system diagram, and Fig. 3 shows the overall equipment configuration.
The overall system is as described in FIG. Mixing system A that supplies and mixes the woody fine molder powder and compost that are stocked to a specific moisture state, and uses the heat supplied from the boiler to dry the mixture to form a composite biomass fuel It comprises a drying system B, a storage system C for stocking the composite biomass fuel, and a boiler system D for recovering heat and hot water by burning the composite biomass fuel. The main devices that make up each system are as follows.
The mixing system A includes an A1 type mixing system 10 which is a means using a kneader and a means A2 type which uses a screw conveyor. The A1 or A2 type is appropriately selected depending on the season and installation environment.
The mixing system 10 includes a woody fine molder powder supply system, a compost supply system, and a system that mixes both. The compost supply system temporarily stores the compost discharged from the barn 81 in the compost storage device (compost silo) 12 and sends the compost to the mixing supply device 11 via the compost supply device 18. The wood fine molder powder supply system is made from kana waste 82 generated in a wood processing factory, etc., beaten by a molder refiner 17 and stored in a wood molder powder storage silo 16, via a wood molder powder supply device 15. Then, it is sent to the mixing and feeding apparatus 11.
The A2 type is a system in which a screw conveyor for supplying woody fine molder powder is joined in the middle of a screw conveyor for supplying compost, and the woody fine molder powder is mixed into the screw conveyor for supplying compost.
By mixing the type 10 mixing system, the fine wood molder powder and compost are mixed well and the uniformity is improved. On the other hand, in low temperature or highly viscous compost, the transportability is poor and the efficiency may be low. On the other hand, since the transfer by the screw conveyor is a forced transfer, it can be transferred without being affected by the viscosity, and the woody fine molder powder is forcibly supplied from the middle into the screw conveyor for the transfer of compost. Has the advantage that it can be continuously and reliably fed into the dryer.
The drying system 20 employs a paddle dryer 21 that can be forcibly stirred. The exhaust heat after being used for drying is exhausted from the chimney via the dust collection cyclone 51.
The storage system 30 is temporarily stored in the composite biomass fuel storage silo 31, and then supplied as fuel for the next boiler. Alternatively, surplus composite biomass fuel is packaged by the bagging device 39 and sold externally (external sales 83).
The boiler-type hot water generator 40 generates a heat source for drying and hot water using the composite biomass fuel as a main fuel, and the hot water is supplied to the barn 81 via the hot water circulation device 70. The boiler is provided with an auxiliary fuel tank 49 in preparation for starting cooking and shortage of composite biomass fuel.

Furthermore, in this example, the moisture content of the composite biomass fuel is measured. The moisture measurement can be sampled manually, but it is suitable to provide an automatic moisture measuring device for fine feedback. For example, the sample is temporarily stored in a hopper type bucket, sampled and measured at regular intervals such as 30 minutes, and fed back to the mixing system or the drying system. Therefore, a moisture measuring device is arranged in the fuel storage silo, and a state in which the moisture content is stable is generated and measured. A mechanism is employed in which an opening / closing body is provided at the bottom of the bucket or a tilting mechanism for tilting the bucket is provided, and the sample is discharged for the next sampling. The tilt mechanism is suitable because it does not clog the straw contained in the compost. The sensor may be attached at a location where the sensor is in contact with the stored composite biomass fuel, but it is suitable to arrange a moisture sensor at the bottom where the composite biomass fuel is stored.
Further, the livestock manure processing system includes a heat supply system that carries hot air for drying, a hot water supply system that carries water, a control system, and a logistics supply system between the systems.

The main apparatus will be described.
(1) Mixing system The mixing system 10 is shown in FIG. The compost is mixed with the wood fine molder powder from the compost silo 12 through the compost supply device 18 and supplied to the kneading machine 19. The fine wood molder powder is mixed with compost by the feeder 11 from the wood molder powder storage silo 16 through the wood molder powder feeder 15 and supplied to the kneader 19.
The compost supply system receives the compost generated from the barn in the primary pit 13, arranges the size of the cocoons and the like to a certain length or less by the compost sorting and crushing machine 14, and compost silos by the compost conveyor 14 c. 12 is inserted into the main body 12b through the 12 inlets 12a. The compost silo 12 is provided with a main body 12b on a gantry 12c, and a compost inlet 12a is provided at one upper end of the main body 12b. A compost outlet 18b is provided at the lower end of the other end of the main body 12b. A screw conveyor 18a is installed at the bottom of the main body 12b and continues to the takeout port 18b. It is sent to the next process by the screw conveyor 18c carrying out the compost. The compost supply device 18 controls the supply amount according to the moisture state of the compost and the moisture state of the composite biomass. The straw contained in the compost contains long ones, and it becomes difficult to make it uniform in kneading and drying in the subsequent process, so the compost sorting and crushing machine 14 cuts it finely. Moreover, since agitation is inhibited in a large lump, it is separated by the compost sorting and crushing machine 14.
The wood fine molder powder supply system temporarily stores the fine wood molder powder refined by refining with a molder refiner made from sawdust generated in a wood processing factory, etc. in the wood molder powder storage silo 16, It is supplied from the take-out port 15b by a screw conveyor 15a provided at the bottom of the silo. In the wood molder powder storage silo 16, a main body 16b provided with an input cylinder 16a is installed on a gantry 16c. A screw conveyor 15a is disposed at the bottom of the main body 16b, a take-out port 15b provided at one end of the lower portion of the main body is provided, and the screw conveyor 15c supplied to the kneader 19 is carried out. The wood molder powder supply device 15 controls the supply amount according to the moisture state of the compost and the moisture state of the composite biomass.
When a belt conveyor is used as a device to carry out the wood fine molder powder from the storage silo, the fluffy wood fine molder powder is offset and becomes a small mountain, and the supply amount fluctuates and mixes with compost. Since it will be distorted, install a leveling tool on the upper surface of the belt conveyor and level it to make the supply amount constant. The leveling tools are leveling plates, interdigital chains, ropes, and brushes.
The compost and the woody fine molder powder having a constant transport amount are carried into the kneader 19 by the feeder 11 and are carried out. In FIG. 6, the feeder 11 is illustrated as being vertically separated from the screw conveyor 18 c for carrying out the compost and the screw conveyor 15 c for carrying out the wood molder powder. This is a schematic representation of the process. It is. In consideration of restrictions on the installation location of this livestock excrement disposal system, they are actually arranged close to each other.
In the feeder 11, the compost and the woody fine molder powder are conveyed in a mixed state by the mixed material conveyor 11 a put into the kneader 19. The kneading machine 19 is provided with a stirring type kneading device having biaxial or triaxial screw type wings, and the compost and the woody fine molder powder are mixed and slid to be in a uniform mixed state. The moisture contained in the compost is absorbed by the woody fine molder powder, and at the same time the odor is adsorbed. It is carried out from the kneader by the mixture conveyor 11b and sent to the drying step. By being exposed to the high temperature of the drying process, the odor component is decomposed and deodorized.
Since the woody fine molder powder is in a fluffy state, it is preferable to provide a leveling tool even in a mixed state.
In addition, although the target moisture content of the compost stored in the covered compost silo is about 50%, it is difficult to avoid variations depending on the distribution of excrement, the condition of the litter and the weather conditions. It is adjusted by changing the addition ratio of the woody fine molder powder depending on the moisture state. The adjustment can be roughly determined by observing the state of compost. Further, fine adjustment is performed by feeding back the result of measuring the moisture of the composite biomass fuel.

(2) Compost and Wood Fine Moulder Powder Screw Conveyor Supply System Machine As another form, there is a form in which a conveying screw conveyor for directly supplying compost to the drying system B is installed directly from the compost silo or primary compost pit. The woody fine molder powder is carried out from the silo by a screw conveyor and joined in the middle of the compost conveying screw conveyor. As a result, the compost and the woody fine molder powder are forcibly brought into contact with the compost while being transported in the screw conveyor and are absorbed.

(3) Paddle dryer A paddle dryer was adopted as the drying system. Hot air from the boiler is drawn into the dryer as a drying heat source. Paddle dryers are equipped with a rotating shaft in a fixed cylindrical housing. Stirring blades are attached to the rotating shaft radially, and the shape, mounting angle, and mounting interval of the stirring blades are adjusted so that stirring performance and feeding performance are achieved. Can be adjusted. The mounting state of the stirring blade can be adjusted by the location of the dryer. For example, in the vicinity of the input port, emphasis is placed on the function of increasing the agitation rather than the feed function, improving the dispersion, increasing the feed force from the middle part toward the discharge port, reducing the density of the mixture, and drying. A mechanism for finishing and discharging.
FIG. 4 shows an example of the paddle dryer 21. (A) is a front view, (b) is an enlarged view of a main part, and (c) is a side view. It has a semi-cylindrical casing 22 having a flat upper surface, is provided with a rotary shaft 23 in the longitudinal direction, and a large number of paddles 26 are radially attached to this rotary shaft. A mixture inlet 27 is provided on one end side of the upper surface, and a dried product take-out cylinder 28 is provided on the lower side of the other end. A drive shaft 24b is provided at one end of the rotary shaft 23, and is connected to a drive motor 25 to be driven to rotate. The other end of the rotating shaft 23 is supported by a bearing 24 a provided on the side wall of the casing 22. The drying heat 64 provided from the boiler is introduced from the mixture charging end side of the casing and connected to the exhaust tower side from the upper side of the take-out cylinder 28 side. The casing 22 is installed on the gantry 29.
In this example, a paddle 26 is configured by attaching a wide fin 26a plate to the tip end side of a rod-shaped shaft 26b. By adjusting the size of the fins, the mounting angle, and the mounting interval, the stirring force and the conveyance speed can be adjusted. The initial part has a high moisture content and there are sticky lumps, so that the hot air can be passed while being finely crushed, so that the fins are small and have the function of cutting thinly, gradually increasing the wide plate of the fin from the middle, the mixture Accelerate the drying process. Since the drying progresses and becomes finer toward the discharge port side, a composite biomass fuel with reduced variation in drying can be obtained.
Since the composite biomass fuel delivered from the take-out port 28a provided at the tip of the take-out cylinder 28 has a high temperature, the temperature is lowered using the transfer conveyor until the next storage silo. It is desirable to carry in the storage silo at 60 ° C. or lower, preferably 30 ° C. or lower.
The drying condition is to first set the water content of the composite biomass fuel to about 20%. Therefore, the drying condition is adjusted by the residence time inside the paddle dryer and the input amount according to the state of the heat source. Second, the compost is sterilized to prevent generation of odor after drying. For example, the drying conditions are a hot air introduction temperature of around 280 ° C. and a discharge temperature of about 50 to 100 ° C.
In the paddle dryer, compost and woody fine molder powder are taken in from the loading port 27 in a mixed state by the dryer loading conveyor 121, and agitation and drying proceed while being transferred to the initial transfer 122 and final transfer 123. The biomass fuel is processed and transferred to the composite biomass fuel storage silo 31 from the take-out port 28a through the composite biomass loading path 103. Inside the paddle dryer 21, the mixture of compost and woody fine molder powder increases the conveyance speed from the low-speed initial transfer 122 to the final transfer 123 toward the outlet. The adjustment of the conveyance speed depends on the size and angle of the fins and the number of rotations of the rotating shaft. Further, the drying time can be adjusted by adjusting the opening / closing degree of the extraction port provided in the extraction cylinder. Further, the drying load of the paddle dryer can be adjusted by adjusting the input amount.
The moisture content of the composite biomass fuel affects the ignitability and heat value of the fuel and affects the quality of the fuel. Therefore, the drying process is controlled by adjusting the above factors.

In the prior invention of the present applicant, a rotary kiln type dryer was adopted. However, in the rotary kiln method in which a cylindrical casing is rotated, the mixture is a mechanism in which the mixture is rotated and stirred by its own weight. In the part, the variation was poor, which was a cause of variation in drying of the composite biomass fuel.
The paddle type dryer stabilizes the quality of the dried product by dividing the lump with a stirring blade and subdividing it.

(4) Example of composite biomass fuel storage system The composite biomass fuel storage system performs the function of temporarily storing the composite biomass fuel that has been deodorized and completed by mixing and drying compost and woody fine molder powder. It serves as a boiler fuel storage and external supply function. The composite biomass fuel obtained in the present invention greatly affects fuel quality such as combustion performance and calorific value depending on the amount of water. Therefore, the moisture content is measured before being stored and fed back to the previous process for management. Some moisture changes are leveled out within this storage time.
FIG. 9 shows an example of the composite biomass fuel storage system 30. The composite biomass fuel storage silo 31 is a cylindrical container installed on a gantry, provided with a lower limit level sensor 32a and an upper limit level sensor 32b, and provided with an inlet 35 at the upper part and an outlet 33 at the lower part. Yes. Below the take-out port 33 is a composite biomass fuel receiving portion 34, which is sent to the composite biomass fuel supply path 104 or a bagging device (not shown) via the receiving portion.
In this example, a moisture measuring sensor 91 is installed below the inlet 35. The storage state in the silo 31 is managed by the upper and lower level sensors, and loading and unloading are restricted.

(5) Example of moisture meter Since the performance of the composite biomass fuel obtained in the present invention is greatly affected by the moisture contained, it is important to measure the moisture and adjust the drying process in which the composite biomass fuel is produced. is there. The amount of moisture affects not only fuel performance but also odor. Low moisture content has less odor and greater deodorization effect.
FIG. 7 shows an example of the moisture measuring device 90. In this example, a moisture measuring sensor 91 is provided at the bottom of a rotary bucket 92. The hopper type bucket 92 has a lower end attached to a support shaft 93, and a base end portion of the support shaft 93 is pivotally attached to a rotation shaft 94. The composite biomass fuel charged into the composite biomass fuel storage silo 31 is received by a bucket, and moisture is measured in a filled state. After the measurement, it is inverted to bring it into the state of the bucket 95, and the composite biomass fuel is discharged, emptied and then returned. The measurement timing can be adjusted according to the timing of this reversion.
By using a mortar-like bucket, the composite biomass fuel can be received and released smoothly, and measurement errors due to residual can be prevented. Further, by installing the sensor at the bottom of the mortar-shaped bucket, the composite biomass fuel accommodated in the bucket can be reliably brought into contact with the sensor, and the measurement error can be reduced. A known device can be used as the moisture measuring sensor itself.

(6) Example of boiler system In the livestock manure processing system of the present invention, a boiler that generates a heat source for drying and a heat source for supplying hot water to a livestock barn or the like is provided. This boiler can complete an almost independent system as a livestock manure processing system by using the composite biomass fuel produced in the drying process as a main fuel source. It is a device that burns composite biomass fuel to generate hot water and create hot hot air to recycle and reuse livestock manure.
FIG. 5 shows an example of the boiler-type hot water generator 40. (A) is a general view and (b) is a main part view.
The boiler 41 is provided with a combustion furnace 48 on a frame, and a water heater 44 and a hot air generator 45 are provided thereon. The combustion furnace is provided with a biomass fuel supply machine 42 and an auxiliary burner 49b. An ash removal device 43 is provided at the bottom of the combustion furnace. The ash removal device 43 can be provided with an automatic carry-out device. The combustion furnace 48 is provided with an air supply adjusting device. The operation management is performed with the aim of obtaining an appropriate temperature and air volume as hot air for drying.
The auxiliary burner 49b is used for ignition or reheating when the composite biomass fuel is insufficient. The auxiliary burner 49 includes an auxiliary fuel tank 49 because heavy oil or the like is used as fuel.
In the upper part of the combustion furnace 48, a water heater 44 in which a large number of water tubes are arranged is provided. The water pipe is connected to a hot water supply system 73 and a return hot water system 74, and is connected to a hot water supply system via a heat retaining tank 72. Further, new water is supplied to the water pipe from the water supply 72 when the amount of water decreases by the water level gauge 72a.
A hot air generator 45 is provided at the upper part of the combustion furnace 48. The hot air that has come into contact with the water pipe for the water heater is cooled to lower the temperature and the vapor concentration increases, so that portion is discharged from the steam outlet 46. The hot hot air rising in the center of the combustion furnace is mixed with debris and so is drawn into the dust remover 47 and removed. This dust remover 47 is further refined to dry heat 64 via a fire dust stop 63. The fire dust suppressor 63 is a safety device that prevents an accident such as ignition by dropping a minute high-temperature substance that has passed through the dust remover 47.
The dust remover has a cyclone mechanism, and fulfills the function of dropping and collecting the dust contained in the hot air. It is a function that suppresses the accumulation of safety and soot by dropping high-temperature ash and burning soot. Furthermore, it is a safety device that is provided with a fire dust stopper to prevent high temperature solids from being recovered and misfire in the blowing process.

(7) Drying heat system and exhaust system The livestock excreta treatment system of the present invention is designed to substantially cover the heat used for drying and hot water supply in this system, and therefore, the route of drying heat will be described. The hot air obtained by burning the composite biomass fuel in the boiler is exhausted after being used for the drying heat of the dryer.
An example of the drying heat source system is shown in FIG. 8, and an example of the exhaust system is shown in FIG. The whole is described in FIG.
Boiler heat 61 generated from the hot air generator 45 provided on the upper portion of the boiler 41 is trapped and removed by the dust remover 47 at a high temperature, and is converted into a cyclone heat 62 and led to the fire dust stop 63. Then, fine dust such as high-temperature soot is repaired to obtain drying heat 64, which is put into the dryer. A bypass path 62b provided with an open / close valve is provided outside the main metering path 62a to the fire dust suppressor 63, and a detour is provided when the fire dust suppressor 63 cannot be used.
An outside air damper 65 is provided in the middle of the path for blowing the drying heat 64 to adjust the temperature. The dryer waste heat 66 after being introduced into the paddle dryer 21 and sufficiently drying the mixture of compost and woody fine molder powder is guided to the dust removal cyclone 51 to remove the fine dust, and the outside air fan 52 Released from the chimney 59 into the atmosphere. A silencer 58 is attached to the chimney to prevent noise. An exhaust carbon dioxide measuring device 55 is attached to monitor the exhaust state. The dust trapped by the dust removal cyclone 51 is returned to the composite biomass loading path 103 via the dust removal collection path 105.
The hot hot air generated in the boiler may be ignited if supplied to the dryer as it is, so the temperature is measured and controlled. The temperature introduced into the paddle dryer is assumed to be around 280 ° C., and the temperature of waste heat discharged after drying is assumed to be less than 100 ° C. In accordance with this, an in-furnace thermometer TC-1, a boiler outlet thermometer TC-2, a paddle dryer inlet thermometer TC-3, and a paddle dryer outlet thermometer TC-4 are arranged in each path, and the respective temperatures are set. Measurement is performed to control the boiler combustion furnace 48 and the outside air damper 65.

(8) Hot water supply system In the livestock manure processing system of the present invention, hot water can be supplied to the barn 81 to contribute to the improvement of the breeding environment. A system for generating and supplying hot water is outlined in FIGS. 5 and 3.
Source hot water 73 generated in a water heater 44 having a large number of water pipes attached to the upper portion of the boiler 41 is stored in a heat retaining tank 71. It is provided from the heat insulation tank 71 to a hot water supply circulation 75 such as a pig house. The hot water that has been used and cooled to low temperature is returned to the heat retaining tank 71 (same sign, but a return tank may be provided separately), and the return hot water 74 is drawn out from the lower part of the tank and introduced into the water heater 44. When the water level of the water heater 44 is lowered, it is detected by the water level gauge 72 a and new water is supplied from the water supply 72.

(9) Logistics system In the present invention, compost and woody fine molder powder are mixed, dried with high-temperature hot air to produce a deodorized composite biomass fuel, and the composite biomass fuel is burned to obtain a heat source for drying. A self-contained system has been proposed for use as a heat source for hot water.
The logistics system will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The logistics system is shown in the 100s. The compost and the wood fine powder molder powder supplied from the compost silo 12 and the wood fine molder powder storage silo 16 are put into the kneading machine 19 through the raw material supply path 101 in separate states (101a, 102b), and both are mixed. Then, the moisture and odor are absorbed by the woody fine molder powder, and are fed into the paddle dryer 21 through the mixed raw material supply path 102. In the paddle dryer, conditions are set from the initial transfer 122 to the final transfer 123 according to the agitation and drying processing conditions, and then conveyed. In the state released from the paddle dryer 21, self-combustible composite biomass fuel is completed, and the composite biomass fuel storage silo 31 is inserted into the inlet of the composite biomass fuel storage silo 31 while the temperature is lowered in the composite biomass loading path 103 configured by the conveyor 123. Carried. The moisture content is measured before and after the composite biomass loading path 103 or the silo 31 is charged and used as system process management data. The stored composite biomass fuel is taken out from the silo 31 and used as fuel for the boiler 41 via the composite biomass fuel supply path 104. A part of the composite biomass fuel taken out from the silo 31 is packaged and provided outside the system. After combustion, it is carried out as combustion ash and combustion gas.

  The livestock manure treatment system of the present invention has a control function and a safety management function for controlling the moisture content of the composite biomass fuel to a certain level or less, such as mixing ratio of compost and woody fine molder powder, temperature control of drying heat, etc. It is possible to provide a central control function for managing the entire system.

4). Explanation of function and function Mixing compost mixed with livestock manure discharged from a barn and litter and woody fine molder powder to adjust the moisture content, and the adjusted mixture is used as a paddle dryer dryer. And then dried to a moisture content of about 20% to produce a composite biomass fuel. This composite biomass fuel is supplied as a boiler fuel via a storage silo and supplied to a paddle dryer and a heat source for drying. Generate heat source for hot water supply. Reduce the amount of barn waste and effectively use it as a heat source for recycling. Furthermore, the composite biomass fuel can be sold externally.
The heat supplied to the paddle dryer is a form in which the exhaust gas of the dryer is used directly, and is supplied to the dryer via a cyclone and a fire dust suppressor so that sparks do not enter from the boiler. In addition, be careful not to add too much heat to the outside air. Using the exhaust gas directly as a drying source is effective in reducing the odor due to the effective use of heat, the low risk of ignition due to low oxygen, and smoke production.
The woody fine molder used as a moisture adjusting material is used after adding a beating process to enhance moisture absorption performance and deodorization performance. The waste generated from wood processing can be used.
Since the heat source of the barn is secured and the breeding environment can be improved, the survival rate of the young animals is increased, the livestock grows faster, and the breeding efficiency and the working environment are improved. And the nuisance level is improved, and the degree of freedom of location is increased.

A Mixing system B Drying system C Storage system D Boiler system TC-1 In-furnace thermometer TC-2 Boiler outlet thermometer TC-3 Paddle dryer inlet thermometer TC-4 Paddle dryer outlet thermometer

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Mixing system 11 Feeder 11a Mixed material conveyor 11b Mixture conveyor 12 Compost storage apparatus (compost silo)
12a input port 12b main body 12c mount 13 compost pit 14 compost sorting and crushing machine 15 wood molder powder supply device 15a screw conveyor 15b discharge port 15c screw conveyor 16 wood fine molder powder storage silo 16a input cylinder 16b main body 16c mount 17 mold purifier (Beating device)
18 Compost supply device 18b Take-out port 18c Screw conveyor 19 Kneading machine

20 Drying System 21 Paddle Dryer 22 Casing 22a Inspection Port 23 Rotating Shaft 24a Bearing 24b Drive Shaft 25 Drive Motor 26 Paddle 26a Fin 26b Shaft 27 Input Port 28 Extraction Tube 28a Extraction Port 29 Mounting Base

30 Combined biomass fuel storage system 31 Combined biomass fuel storage silo 32a Lower limit level sensor 32b Upper limit level sensor 33 Extraction port 34 Receiving part 35 Input port 39 Bag filling device

40 Boiler type hot water generator 41 Boiler 42 Biomass fuel supply machine 43 Ashing device 44 Water heater 45 Hot air generator 46 Steam outlet 47 Deduster 48 Combustion furnace 49 Auxiliary fuel tank 49b Burner

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 Cyclone dust processing apparatus 51 Dust removal cyclone 52 Exhaust fan 55 Carbon dioxide measuring device 58 Silencer 59 Chimney (exhaust pipe)

60 Heating system for drying 61 Boiler heat 62 Cyclone heat 62a Main path 62b Bypass path 62c Valve 63 Fire duster 64 Drying heat 65 Outside air damper 66 Dryer waste heat 67 Exhaust heat

70 Hot water system 71 Thermal insulation tank 72 Water supply 72a Water level gauge 73 Source hot water 74 Return hot water 75 Hot water supply circulation

81 Livestock 82 Kannah Scraps 83 External Sales

90 Moisture measuring device 91 Moisture measuring sensor 92, 95 Bucket 93 Support shaft 94 Rotating shaft

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Logistics system 101 Raw material supply path 102 Mixed raw material supply path 121 Dryer input conveyor 122 Initial transfer 123 Final transfer 124 Conveyor 103 Composite biomass loading path 104 Composite biomass fuel supply path 105 Dust removal recovery path

Claims (10)

Livestock manure mixed with compost containing livestock manure and beaten wood fine molder powder, dried to produce a self-combustible composite biomass fuel, and using the composite biomass fuel as a heat source for the dry treatment A processing system,
Mixing system A for mixing and supplying compost and woody fine molder powder,
A drying system B for drying the mixed raw material to produce a self-combustible composite biomass fuel, and a system C for measuring the water content and storing the composite biomass fuel;
A boiler using a composite biomass fuel as a fuel source, the boiler system D for producing heat supply to the drying system and heat for hot water supply;
A livestock manure treatment system consisting of The mixing system A includes a wood fine molder powder silo, a compost silo, and a kneading machine, and the wood fine wood molder powder supplied from the wood fine molder powder silo and the compost supplied from the compost silo are kneading machines. The livestock manure treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the livestock manure treatment system is mixed.   As a mixing supply mechanism of the mixing system A, a screw conveyor for supplying compost and a screw conveyor for supplying wooden fine molder powder are provided, and a screw conveyor for supplying wooden fine molder powder is provided between the screw conveyor for supplying compost. The livestock manure processing system according to claim 1, wherein the structure has an open end.   The livestock manure processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a moisture measuring device for measuring the moisture of the composite biomass fuel is provided and fed back to the mixing system A or the drying system B.   5. The livestock according to claim 4, wherein the moisture measuring device is provided with a moisture measuring sensor in a hopper-like bucket, and has a mechanism for storing the composite biomass fuel for measurement and discharging it after the measurement. Manure processing system.   The livestock manure processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a paddle dryer is used as the drying system B.   The paddle dryer is provided with a rotating shaft in the longitudinal direction of the casing, the paddle is attached to the rotating shaft, and the stirring and transfer of the mixture in the dryer is adjusted by the paddle shape, the setting angle, and the setting interval. The livestock manure processing system according to claim 6, wherein a drying heat source is taken into the casing from the mixed raw material charging side and a heat source is released from the dry matter taking side.   The livestock excrement processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the boiler system D includes a hot water boiler, an ash removing device, a fire dust stop device, and a hot water storage tank.   The supply of heat from the boiler to the drying system uses the combustion heat of the boiler. The temperature of the heat path is measured, and a fire dust arrester and an outside air intake are interposed between the drying system and the ignition system. The livestock manure processing system according to claim 8, further comprising a prevention mechanism and a temperature control mechanism.   2. The livestock manure processing system according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust from the paddle dryer is provided with a dust-removing cyclone, a muffler exhaust pipe, and a gas measuring device.

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