JP5155080B2 - Water separation and drying treatment system for livestock manure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water separation / drying system for livestock manure which is mixed with livestock manure and beating scraps and dried in a drying process while water is removed from livestock manure, and used as a self-combustible composite biomass fuel.

Traditionally, in Japan, livestock manure, etc. has been sprayed and applied to fields, pastures, etc. by the production of rough compost, but not only does it take time and cost to complete fermentation in the compost production process, but also the spread of malodor・ Environmental pollution such as water pollution is a major problem.
In order to handle a lot of biomass as fuel, livestock manure contains a large amount of water, so the water content is high and it does not burn even if it tries to ignite as it is, and many technologies have been reported for ease of ignition. Yes.
For example, a composting process (Patent Document 1) that reduces moisture and makes it possible to transport by supplying sawdust into livestock manure has been proposed, but there is a problem of excessive nitrogenization in the field. .
In addition, a method has been proposed in which an auxiliary material is introduced into livestock manure, dehydrated and solidified into fuel or fertilizer (Patent Document 2). Proposed means to increase the moisture content of the product, take a long time until solid, use a part of the dry pellets as a moisture regulator in the cellulose waste, and dry after granulation (Patent Document 3) However, there is a troublesome process control, and there has been proposed a method (Patent Document 4) in which fine powder and livestock manure are mechanically stirred and water is evaporated by frictional heat to dry (Patent Document 4). Since the motor is operated at a high speed of several hundred to several hundreds of rpm, there are problems of ensuring safety and energy consumption. In addition, the plant organic matter pulverization method and its apparatus have been proposed to pulverize various plant organic substances (Patent Document 5). However, the apparatus becomes complicated, and livestock manure and wood-based carbides or semi-carbides are used as predetermined. A means for mixing by weight ratio and drying and combusting is proposed (Patent Document 6), and heat generated in the combustion process is used for drying the mixture, but since a combustion furnace is used, a large amount of fossil is used. I need fuel.
In addition, there is a treatment material for livestock manure (Patent Document 7) that uses a defective water-absorbing resin resulting from the diaper manufacturing process (Patent Document 7). In literature 8, it has been proposed to use sawdust having a moisture content of 20% or less as a moisture adjusting material, but there is a problem of an increase in the size of the device for moisture adjustment.
Therefore, as an improvement of the above-mentioned prior art, the present inventors have dried the water from organic matter of livestock manure to about 25% by mixing and drying wood-based material (sawdust) and livestock manure, thereby replacing petroleum fuel. However, with this technique, even if the water content is about 25%, stable self-combustibility cannot be obtained yet, and a boiler has to use fossil fuel as an auxiliary burner.
As described above, in the conventional livestock manure combusting treatment system, the water of livestock manure is evaporated by operating devices that generate high heat (oil boilers, gas boilers, electric heating devices, etc. that use fossil fuels). , Not only does the fuel cost increase, but the environmental performance is also bad, it is dangerous, it takes a long time to work, the dry manure is still high in moisture content, and an auxiliary burner is required to burn it as fuel, There are problems such as requiring a lot of fossil fuel.

JP 54-117145 A JP 2006-273993 A Patent No. 3981021 JP 2005-246359 A JP 2006-64308 A JP 2007-40684 A Japanese Patent No. 3288317 Patent No. 3981021 Japanese Patent No. 4149487

  In view of the prior art as described above, in the present invention, the dry organic matter to be supplied to the boiler-type hot water generator has good ignition performance, and a dry organic matter having a moisture content of about 20% by weight or less that self-combusts even at a low temperature is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water removal / drying treatment system for livestock manure that can effectively use the exhaust heat of the hot water generator and the hot water.

The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and as a result, have completed the invention having the following configuration.
The basic invention of the present application is (1) a livestock manure storage device, a predetermined amount of livestock manure is supplied from the livestock manure storage device, (2) a livestock manure supply device, (3) a rotary kiln drying device equipped with a stirring blade, 4) Wood-based fine powder storage silo, (5) Mixing and feeding device, (6) Boiler type hot water generator, (7) Hot water circulation device, (8) Circulation type organic water separation / drying treatment system comprising dry organic matter storage silo A powder refining machine equipped with a beating device and a powder generating device for fine pulverization is provided, and the scraps are loosened from binding of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure by the beating device, thereby generating the powder. After mixing the fine woody powder with improved water adsorption capacity obtained by finely pulverizing with the device and the livestock manure supplied from the above (2) livestock manure supply device, supply to the above (3) rotary kiln drying device , Stirred and dried, and the dried mixture is stored in (8) a dry organic matter storage silo, and the main part is supplied to the boiler type hot water generator via the dry organic matter supply device, and the (6) boiler type The exhaust heat generated by the hot water generator is blown to the (3) rotary kiln drying device, and the (7) hot water circulation device that uses hot water for various purposes and a bagging device that uses the remainder as a composite biomass fuel are provided. (6) The ignition performance of the dry mixture supplied to the boiler-type hot water generator is good, and the moisture content is about 20% by weight or less that self-combusts even at low temperatures. (6) The waste heat and hot water of the boiler-type hot water generator can be used effectively, and (6) the remainder of the dried mixture that is not consumed by the boiler-type hot water generator Is effectively utilized can be configured as a boiler fuel, such as greenhouse growers as a complex biomass fuels.
Ordinarily, sawdust, which is wood cut waste, can be burned at about 750 ° C. by using auxiliary fuel as described in the cited reference 9.
In the present invention, self-combustion is possible at about 500 ° C. without auxiliary fuel by beating the scraps and adding a fine grinding process.
In the present invention, the wood-based fine powder is a highly dry powder having a porosity of wood fibers and a moisture content of about 15 to 18% by weight at room temperature. The ability to evaporate is large.
The technique of the present invention is not limited to livestock excreta, but the same water separation and drying treatment can be performed by pre-grinding high moisture content scraps such as vegetables and food residues as appropriate by means of a shredder or the like. It can be a system.

  The second invention of the present application is characterized in that the mixing ratio of the wood-based fine powder to livestock manure is 35% by weight to 65% by weight. When the mixing ratio is smaller than the weight% range, the self-combustibility is deteriorated.

  A third invention of the present application is the water separation / drying processing system for livestock manure described in either the first or second invention, wherein the livestock manure supplied from the above (2) livestock manure supply device The water content of is from 70 to 80% by weight.

A fourth invention of the present application is a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure described in any of the first to third inventions, wherein the woody fine powder is purified by a powder refiner. The size is 0.02-0.2 mm in thickness, 1-10 mm in width, 2-20 mm in length, and a bulk density of 0.1-0.3 g / cm ³ (150 ° C., dried for 30 minutes). It is what.
In other words, if the size of the wood-based fine powder is outside the above range, mixing with livestock manure cannot secure an appropriate gap, affecting the water separation effect, etc., and the moisture content of the dried mixture varies. This causes problems such as deterioration of the self-combustibility of the dried mixture, and the bulk density is measured after the woody fine powder is dried at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes. The small size is due to the fluffy and twisted wood-based fine powder, so that the mixing with livestock manure keeps an appropriate gap and exhibits effects such as water separation promotion during drying.

A fifth invention of the present application is a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure described in any of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the woody fine powder purified by a powder refiner is Water absorption capacity at normal temperature (150 ° C., 30 minutes dried water absorption per 1 g of wood-based fine powder) is 1.0 g water / g powder (5 minutes) to 1.5 g water / g powder ( 10 minutes) and the water evaporation ability (in an atmosphere of 150 ° C.) is characterized in that the entire amount of absorbed water is released in 5 to 10 minutes.
That is, after drying 1 g of the wood-based fine powder at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes, the amount of water absorbed in 5 minutes and 10 minutes is 1 g to 1.5 g, and 1 g of the wood-based fine powder that has absorbed moisture is The time range until the entire amount of moisture absorbed in the 150 ° C. atmosphere is released is 5 to 10 minutes.
The water absorption amount was approximated to the conditions when the wood-based fine powder was in contact with livestock manure, that is, after the wood-based fine powder was submerged in water for a predetermined time, paper with good water absorption (toilet Paper) and the moisture increase was measured, and the weight increase was measured.
In the present invention, by having the above-mentioned water absorption capacity and water evaporation capacity, water transfer from livestock manure is effectively performed when mixing with livestock manure, facilitating transport to a rotary kiln drying device, There are effects such as moisture evaporation being performed smoothly.
Outside of the above water absorption capacity and water evaporation capacity, water transfer from livestock manure is insufficient, stickiness occurs, it is difficult to transport to the rotary kiln drying device, and uniform stirring is difficult even during drying. This causes troubles such as making a dry product with a non-uniform moisture content.

  6th invention of this application is the effect produced by the water separation / drying processing system of livestock manure described in any of the said 1st-5th invention, Comprising: The quantity of the dry mixture sent to a composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus Is characterized by 10 to 30% by weight of the total dry mixture.

In the livestock manure separation / drying treatment system of the present invention, the waste heat of the boiler-type hot water generator of 150 ° C. or higher is directly sent to the drying device, so that the moisture content of the dry mixture can be about 20% by weight or less. The boiler furnace temperature can be ignited at about 450 ° C. from about 600 ° C. or higher when the sawdust is used (prior application invention, Patent Document 9), and can self-combust as a result. It is also possible to improve the quality of dry fuel, improve combustion efficiency, improve operational variations such as stopping the self-combustion of the boiler-type hot water generator, and reduce the amount of oil supplied to the boiler ignition burner.
Furthermore, since the above boiler exhaust heat can be blown to the rotary kiln drying device, the amount of oil supplied to the combustion burner of the rotary kiln drying device can be greatly reduced, and the running cost is reduced. The excellent deodorizing property of the fine powder provides excellent effects such as extremely reducing the odor generated from the entire system.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart in one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view in which the constituent devices are arranged.
In the figure, livestock manure discharged from the livestock barn is accumulated in a livestock manure storage device (such as a silo or a compost center) and supplied to the livestock manure supply device 10 by a transport vehicle, a bucket conveyor or the like. The livestock manure supply device 10 includes a belt conveyor 11 at the bottom, is driven by a geared motor 12, is provided with a timer, performs intermittent operation control, and is driven by a geared motor 13 provided on the exit side of the livestock manure supply device 10 (Not shown) is driven, a timer is provided to perform intermittent operation control, and a predetermined amount of livestock manure is supplied to the mixing and supplying device 60. Reference numeral 14 denotes a part of an input port, which is a raw material input pit portion into which raw material manure is supplied.

20 is a powder refining machine for refining kana waste generated in a wood processing plant into a woody fine powder, and a beating apparatus for beating the kana waste to loosen the bonds of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure; It is equipped with a powder generator for fine pulverization.
Installed in a wood processing factory, etc., each customer installs a wood-based fine powder storage silo 30 for storing wood-based fine powder outdoors, etc. at a position where the incoming vehicle can be easily parked, and a known pneumatic transfer device The wood-based fine powder is transported to the wood-based fine powder supply device 40 using a screw-type transport device or the like. The wood-based fine powder supply device 40 has a storage structure and has a considerable volume. The wood-based fine powder supply device 40 includes an air-conveying device 41 and is connected to a screw conveyor 42 that feeds the wood-based fine powder.

  A storage device silo 50 includes a rotation / control device (not shown) that stores the wood-based fine powder supplied from the wood-based fine powder supply device 40 and delivers a predetermined amount from the lower part.

60 is a mixing and feeding device that mixes livestock manure before treatment and woody fine powder at a predetermined ratio, and a mixture of the woody fine powder supplied according to the moisture content of livestock manure before treatment. It is kneaded and conveyed by the screw conveyor 61. The conveyance conduction path 62 is provided so as to be inclined upward, and is connected in communication with the dryer input device 71 of the rotary kiln drying device 70.
When the livestock manure mixed with a predetermined ratio and the woody fine powder (to-be-dried material) pass through the conveyance conduction path 62 provided to be inclined upward, the pressure of the screw conveyor 61 and the to-be-dried material The action of being compressed by its own weight occurs, the degree of adhesion with livestock manure increases, and the effect of water separation from livestock manure increases.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a horizontally installed countercurrent rotary kiln drying apparatus, to which one end of a conveying conduction path 62 is connected via a dryer charging device 71. Inside the dryer charging device 71, two screw conveyors 72 are provided. An object to be dried, which is provided and driven by a drive motor 73, is charged into a rotary kiln drying device 70, and a combustion burner 80 and an exhaust heat duct 81 of a boiler-type hot water generator 110 are connected to the other end.
The rotary kiln drying device 70 is provided with a stirring blade (not shown) for stirring the material to be dried, and is driven by a drive device 74 to move the material to be dried from the dryer charging device 71 side to the combustion burner 80 side at the other end. The material to be dried is moved while being dried, and the material to be dried is discharged from a discharge port 82 (not shown) provided at the lower part of the combustion kiln 80 side rotary kiln drying device 70.
The hot air supplied from the combustion burner 80 provided at the other end of the rotary kiln drying device 70 and the exhaust heat duct 81 of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 flows counter to the moving object to be dried, and the dryer input device 71 side rotary kiln drying. It exhausts from the exhaust port 75 provided in the apparatus 70 upper part.
Since the wood-based fine powder described above is mixed in the material to be dried, it is transpiration-dried together with the hot air and frictional heat generated when the material to be dried moves, thereby promoting drying. As the material to be dried approaches the discharge port 82, the degree of dryness also increases, so that dust of woody fine powder is generated, rides on the flow of high-humidity hot air containing evaporated latent heat, and is discharged from the exhaust port 75. The

Reference numeral 90 is a known cyclone dust treatment device that collects dust discharged from the exhaust port 75, and is provided with a chimney 92 that is supplied with dust through an exhaust duct 91 and exhausts outdoors, and a lower portion is a hopper. None, collecting dust.
Since the collected dust has a high degree of dryness, it can be returned to the wood-based fine powder storage silo 30 or the like as fuel for the boiler-type hot water generator 110, and a known automatic transfer device can be provided for effective recycling. Available.

Reference numeral 100 denotes a dry organic matter storage silo, which is discharged from a counter-current rotary kiln drying device 70 outlet 82 (not shown), and the dried mixture is input and stored from above via a known conveying means 101.
At the bottom of the dry organic matter storage silo 100, there are provided means for automatically transporting to the boiler-type hot water generator 110 and the composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus 105, and at the same time, means for allowing manual discharge.
Reference numeral 102 denotes a dry organic substance supply device that conveys the dried mixture to the boiler-type hot water generator 110. The dry mixture is supplied from the lower portion of the dry organic matter storage silo 100 to the automatic fuel supply device 111 provided at the upper portion of the boiler-type hot water generator 110. Is automatically supplied as fuel.

110 is a boiler-type hot water generator, an automatic fuel supply device 111 is provided at the top, an ignition burner 112 is provided at the bottom of the side surface, and a fossil fuel tank 120 installed in the vicinity of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 is provided.
113 is a damper provided in the exhaust heat duct 81 of the boiler-type hot water generator 110. In the state immediately after the ignition of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 where the furnace temperature is low, the damper 113 is closed with a slight opening to reach a predetermined furnace temperature. After reaching, 100% is released and hot air is sent to the rotary kiln drying device 70.
At the same time, immediately after the ignition of the boiler-type hot water generator 110 with a low furnace temperature, the amount of oil supplied from the fossil fuel tank 120 to the combustion burner 80 is increased, and after the steady operation is started, the amount of oil supplied is stopped to reduce the running cost. To reduce.
Further, the boiler-type hot water generator 110 is provided with a hot water circulation device for supplying hot water to the piglet pig house floor heating and the like, and a plurality of known pipe connection facilities are provided outside.

A control panel 130 accommodates the control devices and safety devices of the various devices described above, includes a sequencer control device, and has a central control function.
This system can be controlled centrally with other equipment and is effective as a labor-saving device.

2 may be installed in the same building. The livestock manure storage device, the powder refining machine 20, the wood-based fine powder storage silo, etc. may be installed in different locations. Is provided.
The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure of the above embodiment can reduce the water content of the dried mixture to about 20% by weight or less, so as a waste biomass energy device that can be used as self-combustion fuel, Since the amount of fossil fuel used can be reduced, it is possible to reduce the amount of CO ₂ generated and reduce the cost, and it has been confirmed that there are advantages such as an apparatus that can extremely reduce odor generation.

The flowchart of embodiment. The top view which has arrange | positioned the apparatus of embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Livestock manure supply apparatus 11 Belt conveyor 12 Geared motor 13 Geared motor 14 Part of inlet 20 Powder refiner 30 Wood type fine powder storage silo 40 Wood type fine powder supply apparatus 41 Conveyor with air 42 Screw conveyor 50 Storage device silo 60 Mixing and supplying device 61 Screw conveyor 62 Conveying conduction path 70 Rotary kiln drying device 71 Dryer charging device 72 Screw conveyor 73 Driving motor 74 Driving device 75 Exhaust port 80 Combustion burner 81 Exhaust heat duct 82 Exhaust port (not shown) )
90 Cyclone dust treatment device 91 Exhaust duct 92 Chimney 100 Dry organic matter storage silo 101 Conveying means 102 Dry organic matter supply device 105 Combined biomass fuel bagging device 110 Boiler type hot water generator 111 Fuel automatic supply device 112 Ignition burner 113 Damper 120 Fossil fuel tank 130 Control panel

Claims (6)

  (1) Livestock manure storage device, supplying a predetermined amount of livestock manure from the livestock manure storage device, (2) Livestock manure supply device, (3) Rotary kiln drying device equipped with stirring blades, (4) Woody fine powder storage A circulating organic matter water separation / drying treatment system comprising a silo, (5) mixing supply device, (6) boiler type hot water generator, (7) hot water circulation device, and (8) dry organic matter storage silo, and a beating device and a fine processing device Obtained by providing a powder refiner equipped with a powder generation device for pulverization, loosening the binding of cellulose molecules constituting the wood structure by the beater and finely pulverizing the scrap with the powder generation device After mixing the wood-based fine powder with enhanced water adsorption capacity and the above-mentioned (2) livestock manure supplied from the livestock manure supply device, it is supplied to the above (3) rotary kiln drying device, stirred, dried and dried The resulting mixture is stored in (8) a dry organic matter storage silo, and the main part is supplied to a (6) boiler-type hot water generator via a dry organic matter supply device, and (6) the waste generated in the boiler-type hot water generator is Livestock characterized in that it is provided with the above (7) hot water circulation device that blows heat to the (3) rotary kiln drying device and uses warm water for various purposes, and a bagging device that uses the remainder as a composite biomass fuel. Manure separation and drying treatment system.   The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the woody fine powder to livestock manure is 35 wt% to 65 wt%.   The water content / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water content of livestock manure supplied from the livestock manure supply device (2) is 70 to 80% by weight. The size of the wood-based fine powder to be refined by the powder refiner is 0.02-0.2 mm in thickness, 1-10 mm in width, 2-20 mm in length, and a bulk density of 0.1-0.3 g / cm. The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is ³ (dried at 150 ° C for 30 minutes).   The wood-based fine powder refined by the powder refiner has a moisture absorption capacity at room temperature (150 ° C, 30 minutes of water-absorbed water per 1 g of the wood-based fine powder) of 1.0 g moisture / g powder. 5. (5 minutes) to 1.5 g moisture / g powder (10 minutes), and moisture evaporation ability (at 150 ° C. atmosphere) releases the entire amount of absorbed moisture in 5 to 10 minutes. The water separation / drying treatment system for livestock manure according to any one of the above.   The amount of the dry mixture supplied to the composite biomass fuel bagging apparatus is 10 to 30% by weight of the whole dry mixture, The water separation and drying treatment of livestock manure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 system.

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