JP2008115020A - Livestock feces fertilizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a livestock feces fertilizing device, wherein a large quantity of livestock feces can be treated at a time, odor gas generated from a large quantity of the livestock feces can be treated, foreign matters can be removed from the livestock feces, fertilizers abundantly comprising effective components can be produced, and a variety of fertilizers can be produced. <P>SOLUTION: The livestock feces fertilizing device 1 is composed of: a primary drier 14 where odor gas generated from livestock feces is burnt while drying the livestock feces; a sieve 28 where foreign matters in the livestock feces are sieved; a pulverizing apparatus 32 where the livestock feces are pulverized; a mixed material blending apparatus 38 where a mixed material is blended into the livestock feces at an optional ratio; a mixing apparatus 46 where the livestock feces and the mixed material are mixed; a granulating apparatus 54 where the mixture of the livestock feces and the mixed material is converted into a granulated fertilizer; and a secondary drier 58 where the granular fertilizer is dried. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an animal manure fertilizer producing apparatus that produces fertilizer from animal manure.

  A technique has been proposed in which an organic material is produced from sewage treatment sludge and animal manure, and the produced regulator-mixed organic material is used as a fertilizer (see Patent Document 1). In this technique, a so-called self-sufficient granulating device (for example, a stirring granulator) is used to first produce a conditioner-mixed organic material, and further produce a granular fertilizer from the conditioner-mixed organic material. . Specifically, lime and fertilizer components are blended into sewage treatment sludge and livestock excrement to form a mixture, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a mixed organic material with a modifier. Then, the agitated adjusting agent mixed organic material is granulated by a self-aggregation phenomenon to obtain a fertilizer.

The granulating device includes an auxiliary heater and a deodorizing device.
In order to granulate the modifier mixed organic material using the self-aggregation phenomenon, the moisture content of the mixture greatly affects. For this reason, it is preferable to control the water content of the mixture and adjust it to about 40%. Adjustment of the moisture content of the mixture is performed using lime heat and an auxiliary heater.
Moreover, since odor gas is generated from sewage treatment sludge and livestock excrement, the odor gas must be processed. A deodorizer chemically processes odorous gas with phosphoric acid.

According to the tests conducted by the inventors, the amount of sewage treatment sludge that can be treated with this granulator was about 60 kg (about 35 kg in dry weight) per treatment.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-12487

The above-mentioned self-sustaining granulation apparatus has various problems described below.
First, the fundamental problem derived from the structure itself of the granulation apparatus will be described.
Since the water content of the mixture needs to be controlled and adjusted to about 40%, the mixing ratio of lime and fertilizer components to sewage treatment sludge and livestock manure is limited. Therefore, the types and contents of the components of the fertilizer manufactured by the granulating apparatus are limited to certain ones, and it is difficult to manufacture a wide variety of fertilizers.

  Since sewage treatment sludge and animal manure with a relatively high water content are supplied to the granulator, a large load is applied to the shaft and blades of the granulator for stirring the mixture. In order to process a large amount of sewage treatment sludge and livestock excrement, the granulator must be enlarged, the shaft and blades must be increased in strength, the driving force required for stirring is increased, and the drive source is limited. . Therefore, this granulator is unsuitable for enlargement.

Next, the problem of the granulating apparatus that occurs when manure is produced using livestock manure as a raw material will be described.
Sewage treatment sludge has a low content of less than 1% of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., and is not suitable as a raw material for high-quality fertilizers. On the other hand, livestock manure contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., and becomes a raw material for high-quality fertilizer. However, since odor gas accompanied by strong odor is generated from livestock excrement, the odor gas must be chemically treated using a deodorization device. Since the amount of odorous gas that can be chemically treated depends on the size of the deodorizing device, when a large amount of livestock excreta from livestock farmers is used as a raw material, the deodorizing device must be enlarged.

Moreover, miscellaneous foreign matters such as stones are mixed in livestock droppings from livestock farmers. If such livestock droppings are used as raw materials as they are, the granulating apparatus will be damaged by the foreign matter. Therefore, livestock manure cannot be supplied to the granulator as a raw material.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of which can treat a large amount of livestock feces at once, can treat odorous gas generated from a large amount of livestock feces, can remove foreign matters from livestock feces, active ingredients It is to provide a manure-fertilizing apparatus that can produce fertilizers containing abundantly and can produce a wide variety of fertilizers.

  The present invention adopts the following configuration in order to solve the problem. The animal manure fertilizer conversion apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 includes a primary dryer that burns odor gas generated from animal feces while drying animal feces, a sieve that screens foreign matter in animal feces, a pulverizer that crushes animal feces, A mixing material mixing device that mixes the mixed material at an arbitrary ratio, a mixing device that mixes livestock dung and the mixed material, a forced granulation device that uses a mixture of livestock dung and the mixed material as a granular fertilizer, and A secondary dryer for drying the granular fertilizer.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the livestock dung is dried in the primary dryer and has a predetermined moisture content. When the livestock droppings are dried, odorous gas is generated from the livestock droppings, and this odorous gas is burned by the primary dryer and processed.
Foreign matters contained in livestock dung dried by the primary dryer are sieved and removed by a sieve.
Livestock excrement from which foreign matter has been removed is pulverized by a pulverizer.
Livestock excreta crushed by the pulverizer is mixed with the mixed material at an arbitrary ratio by the mixed material mixing device. Livestock manure mixed with mixed materials is mixed by a mixing device to become a mixture.
The mixture becomes a granular fertilizer by a forced granulation apparatus, and the granular fertilizer is dried by a secondary dryer to become a fertilizer product. Examples of the forced granulating apparatus include a pelletizer that extrudes the mixture into a tocorotene type and cuts into a granular form, and a briquette machine that compresses and molds the mixture into a granular form.

Since the animal dung is dried in the primary dryer and its moisture content is adjusted, the equipment downstream of the primary dryer does not need to process animal dung and mixtures with a high moisture content. It is small and can handle more manure easily.
Since the primary dryer burns and processes odorous gas generated from livestock excrement, a large amount of odorous gas can be processed without increasing the size of the apparatus.

Foreign matter in livestock manure is screened and removed by a sieve, so livestock manure from livestock farmers can be supplied as raw materials to livestock manure fertilizer, and equipment downstream of the screen can be damaged by foreign matter in livestock manure. Absent.
The forced granulation apparatus does not use the self-aggregation phenomenon of the mixture to granulate the fertilizer. Therefore, the range of moisture content allowed for the mixture is widened, the type and amount of mixed material blended in livestock manure can be arbitrarily adjusted by the mixed material blending device, and the components in the fertilizer and their contents can be easily changed Can do.

The animal manure fertilizer producing apparatus according to claim 2 is the animal manure fertilizer producing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust of the primary dryer serves as a heat source for the secondary dryer.
The primary dryer burns fuel to dry animal manure and burn odorous gases. If the heat of the exhaust gas from the primary dryer is used to dry the fertilizer in the secondary dryer, fuel efficiency can be improved.

  The animal manure fertilizer device according to the present invention can process a large amount of animal manure at a time, can process odorous gas generated from a large amount of animal manure, can remove foreign substances from animal manure, can produce a fertilizer rich in active ingredients, Can produce a wide variety of fertilizers.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
1 includes a livestock manure receiving hopper 10, a primary dryer 14, a sieve 28, a pulverizing device 32, a mixed material blending device 38, a mixing device 46, a quantitative supply device 50, a granulating device 54, a secondary device. A dryer 58 and a heat exchanger 64 are provided.
The livestock droppings receiving hopper 10 stores livestock droppings from livestock farmers. The water content of the livestock droppings stored in the livestock dropping receiving hopper 10 is as high as 70 to 80%, and contains various foreign matters such as stones.
The primary dryer 14 includes a drying chamber 16, a combustion chamber 18, a cyclone 20, a blower 22, and an exhaust fan 24.

  The drying chamber 16 is formed adjacent to the combustion chamber 18, and livestock droppings are conveyed from the droppings receiving hopper 10 into the drying chamber 16. The combustion chamber 18 is a kiln type combustion chamber in which heavy oil is burned by a burner. The combustion heat of the heavy oil is transmitted from the combustion chamber 18 to the drying chamber 16, and the livestock excrement in the drying chamber 16 is dried by this combustion heat. The moisture content is adjusted to a predetermined value (for example, 10 to 30%) to become dry livestock dung. Dry livestock feces having a predetermined moisture content are taken out from the drying chamber 16 and conveyed to the sieve 28. Since the dry livestock feces conveyed to the sieve 28 have a low moisture content, the amount of odorous gas generated from the dry livestock feces is suppressed to a slight amount.

  Outside air is taken into the drying chamber 16, and the air in the drying chamber 16 is discharged to the cyclone 20 as exhaust. This exhaust contains odorous gas and dust generated from livestock dung dried in the drying chamber 16 and contains dust. A cyclone 20 collects and removes dust from the exhaust. The exhaust gas from which the dust has been removed is sent from the cyclone 20 to the combustion chamber 18 by the blower 22. The odorous gas remaining in the exhaust gas sent to the combustion chamber 18 burns with heavy oil in the combustion chamber 18 and is removed from the exhaust gas. The high-temperature exhaust gas from which the odorous gas is removed and which is not brominated is sent from the combustion chamber 18 to the heat exchanger 64 by the exhaust fan 24.

Outside air is taken into the heat exchanger 64 by the blower 66, and heat exchange is performed between the outside air and the exhaust from the combustion chamber 18. By the heat exchange, the outside air rises in temperature and becomes warm and is sent to the secondary dryer 58. In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 18 is lowered and diffused into the atmosphere via the auxiliary scrubber 68.
The dried livestock droppings transported from the drying chamber 16 to the sieve 28 are screened to remove foreign matters from the dried livestock droppings.

The dried livestock dung from which foreign matter has been removed is conveyed to the crushing device 32 and crushed to a predetermined size by the crushing device 32. Dust is generated along with the pulverization, and the exhaust is discharged from the pulverizer 32 and is contained. Exhaust gas from the pulverizer 32 is removed by a dust collector 34 and diffused into the atmosphere.
The dried livestock excavated by the crushing device 32 is conveyed to the mixed material blending device 38. The mixed material blending device 38 has a livestock dung tank 40 and a plurality of mixed material tanks 42. Dry livestock feces conveyed from the crusher 32 are temporarily stored in the livestock feces tank 40. In the mixed material tank 42, active ingredients of various types of fertilizers are stored as mixed materials. The mixed material blending device 38 can blend each mixed material into dry livestock feces at an arbitrary ratio. Dry livestock dung mixed with the mixed material is conveyed to the mixing device 46.

The mixing device 46 has a rotating paddle, and the rotating paddle uniformly mixes dry livestock feces conveyed from the mixed material blending device 38 with the mixed material to obtain a mixture.
The mixture is conveyed from the mixing device 46 to the fixed amount supply device 50, and is transferred from the fixed amount supply device 50 to the granulating device 54 at a constant rate. The amount of the mixture conveyed from the quantitative supply device 50 to the granulating device 54 is determined according to the processing capability of the granulating device 54.

The granulator 54 is, for example, a pelletizer or a briquette machine, and uses the mixture as granular fertilizer. The moisture content of the fertilizer produced by the granulator 54 is 10-30%.
The fertilizer manufactured by the granulator 54 is conveyed to the secondary dryer 58 and dried by the warm air from the heat exchanger 64 until the moisture content becomes 1 to 5%. The dried fertilizer is packaged and shipped as a product.
In the secondary dryer 58, when the fertilizer is dried, the warm air cools down, is sent from the secondary dryer 58 to the dust collector 60, is removed by the dust collector 60, and is then diffused into the atmosphere.

  Since it is the livestock manure fertilizer conversion apparatus 1 as mentioned above, first, water is blown from livestock feces in the primary dryer 14, livestock feces are dried, and dry livestock feces with a moisture content of 10 to 30% can be obtained. Therefore, on the downstream side of the primary dryer 14, it is not necessary to process livestock excretion having a moisture content of 70 to 80%, and a large amount of livestock excrement can be easily processed. Moreover, the load applied to each device on the downstream side of the primary dryer 14 is sufficient, and the processing amount of each device can be increased without particularly increasing the driving force.

The treatment of the odorous gas generated from the livestock dung is performed by burning the odorous gas with the primary dryer 14, so that it can be easily processed even if a large amount of the odorous gas is generated from the livestock dung.
At the start or stop of combustion of heavy oil in the combustion chamber 18, the odorous gas cannot be burned completely, and the odorous gas may remain in the exhaust from the combustion chamber 18. However, the odorous gas remaining in the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 18 is collected by the auxiliary scrubber 68, and the odorous gas is prevented from being diffused into the atmosphere.

Since the exhaust gas generated from the pulverizer 32 is dedusted by the dust collector 34, the dust generated from the dry livestock dung pulverized by the pulverizer 32 is prevented from being released into the atmosphere.
Since the sieve 28 sifts and removes foreign matter from the dried livestock feces, livestock feces containing miscellaneous foreign matter can be supplied as they are to the livestock manure fertilizing apparatus 1 as raw materials.
Since the ratio of each mixed material mix | blended with dry livestock feces can be set arbitrarily by the mixed material mixing | blending apparatus 38, the various fertilizer from which the kind and content of an active ingredient differ can be manufactured.
The shipped fertilizer is dried and has a moisture content of 1 to 5%, is light in weight, and is packed in a bag. Therefore, handling such as transportation and storage is easy.
Since the heat of the exhaust discharged from the combustion chamber 18 of the primary dryer 14 is used for drying the fertilizer in the secondary dryer 58, fuel efficiency is improved.

It is a block diagram of an animal manure fertilizer.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Livestock manure fertilizer 10 Livestock dung receiving hopper 14 Primary dryer 16 Drying chamber 18 Combustion chamber 20 Cyclone 22 Blower 24 Air exhauster 28 Sieve 32 Crusher 34 Dust collector 38 Mixing material mixing device 40 Livestock manure tank 42 Mixing material tank 46 Mixing device 50 Quantification Feeder 54 Granulator 58 Secondary dryer 60 Dust collector 64 Heat exchanger 66 Blower 68 Auxiliary scrubber

Claims (2)

  A primary dryer that burns odor gas generated from livestock droppings while drying livestock droppings, a sieve that sifts out foreign matter in livestock droppings, a pulverizer that grinds livestock droppings, and a mixed material mix that mixes mixed materials in livestock droppings in any proportion A device, a mixing device for mixing livestock droppings and mixed materials, a forced granulation device using a mixture of livestock droppings and mixed materials as granular fertilizer, a secondary dryer for drying granular fertilizer, A livestock manure fertilizer making apparatus characterized by comprising:   The livestock manure fertilizer conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust of the primary dryer serves as a heat source for the secondary dryer.

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