JPH0978076A - Apparatus for manufacturing solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for manufacturing a solid fuel composed of a dryer for drying dehydrated leavings and sludge, etc., capable of producing an odorless solid fuel having a high calorific value without adding a coal, an oil, etc., and having improved working environment properties. SOLUTION: This apparatus is composed of a dehydrator for dehydrating leavings, a dehydrator for dehydrating sludge obtained by a biological treatment, a dryer 1 for drying the dehydrated leavings and sludge, a crusher 2 for crushing the dried products and a forming machine 3 for forming the crushed dried product into the objective solid fuel. Further, the dehydrated leavings and sludge are preferably dried to a water content of 10-20%.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to septic tank sludge, community plant sludge, settlement drainage sludge for agriculture and fisheries,
The present invention relates to a sludge generated from organic sludge such as sewage sludge, food waste sludge, and livestock waste sludge, and production equipment for producing solid fuel from sludge obtained by biologically treating these sludge.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been known to add pulverized coal of coals to sewage sludge to form a solid fuel, or to impregnate oil into an organic sludge to form a granular solid fuel.

[0003]

For example, when the above-mentioned organic sludge is treated together with human waste in a human waste treatment facility, a large amount of residue and sludge are generated. Of these, even if pulverized coal of coals is added to sludge or oil is impregnated and a solid fuel is manufactured and reused, the other large amount of generated residue must be incinerated. Therefore, it is necessary to install a solid fuel incineration facility in the human waste treatment facility in addition to the solid waste incineration facility, which not only makes the facilities of the human waste treatment facility very complicated, but also the incinerated ash of the solid waste is a solid waste. Occurs as. Furthermore, it is necessary to install a supply facility for coal and oil, a vast storage facility is required to increase the amount of solid fuel due to the addition of these, and there is a problem in handling including operation management and work environment depending on the added material. Occurred.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is for solving the above-mentioned problems, and a dehydrator for dehydrating residue, a dehydrator for dehydrating sludge obtained by biological treatment,
It is characterized by comprising a dryer for drying the dehydrated residue and the dehydrated sludge, a crusher for crushing the dried product, and a molding machine for molding the crushed dried product.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 2 and 3 show a treatment process in which organic sludge carried in a human waste treatment facility is biologically treated together with human waste, and finally discharged. The organic sludge to be collected is a mixed sludge of the septic tank sludge and the drainage sludge of the agricultural settlement, and FIG. 3 is a case where the sludge to be carried in is a mixed sludge of the septic tank sludge, the sewage sludge and the food waste sludge.

In the case of FIG. 2, the mixed sludge of the septic tank sludge and the agricultural settlement drainage sludge is carried into the receiving tank 10 and stored in the storage tank 12 through the foreign matter treatment facility 11. On the other hand, human waste flows into the receiving tank 13 of the human waste treatment facility, and is stored in the storage tank 15 via the foreign matter treatment facility 14. The mixed sludge in the storage tank 12 and the night soil in the storage tank 15 are combined and biologically treated in the biological reaction tank 16, and then a membrane separation device 17 using an ultrafiltration membrane.
The permeated water permeated through the membrane is coagulated in the coagulation tank 18, and then supplied again to the membrane separation device 19 using an ultrafiltration membrane. The permeated water permeated through the membrane is activated carbon adsorption device 20, disinfection equipment. Release via 21.

From the sludge contaminant treatment equipment 11 and the night soil contaminant treatment equipment 14 described above, a screen residue is produced, and from the membrane separation devices 17 and 19, a concentrated liquid which has not passed through the membrane is produced. The above residue is dehydrated by a dehydrator 22 for dehydration to be dehydrated, and the concentrated liquid is dehydrated by a dehydrator 23 for sludge to be dehydrated sludge, which are respectively used as raw materials for the solid fuel of the present invention.

In the case of FIG. 3, a mixed sludge of septic tank sludge, sewage sludge, and food wastewater sludge is carried into the receiving tank 10 and treated in the foreign matter treatment facility 11. The human waste flows into the receiving tank 13 and is processed in the foreign matter processing facility 14. The mixed sludge and urine that have been treated in the foreign matter treatment facilities are combined and stored in the storage tank 24.
Then, it is supplied to the membrane separation device 17 using the ultrafiltration membrane through the granulating and concentrating device 25 and the coagulation tank 26, and the permeated water that has permeated the membrane passes through the biological reaction tank 27 and again passes through the ultrafiltration membrane. It is supplied to the used membrane separation device 19. Then, the permeated water that has permeated the membrane is discharged through the activated carbon adsorption device 20 and the disinfection equipment 21.

Also in this case, the sludge contaminant treatment equipment 11
A waste residue is generated from the human waste treatment facility 14, and a concentrated liquid that has not permeated the membrane is generated from the membrane separation devices 17 and 19. The sludge residue is dehydrated by the dehydrator 22 to be dehydrated and the concentrate is dehydrated by the sludge dehydrator 23 to be dehydrated sludge, which are respectively used as raw materials for the solid fuel of the present invention. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, it is explained that the organic sludge is treated together with the human waste in the human waste treatment facility. However, it is also possible to apply to a facility for treating human waste alone or a facility for treating organic sludge alone.

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet for producing dehydrated sludge and solid fuel formed from dehydrated sludge. 1 is dehydrated sludge and dehydrated sludge with a water content of 5 to 30%, preferably 1
It is a dryer for 0 to 20%, even if the dryer is a direct heating type,
Indirect heating type may be used. The dehydrated sludge and the dehydrated residue may be mixed while being dried using one dryer, or may be separately dried by a dryer and then mixed by a mixer after drying.
The dry mixture of sludge and residue is supplied to the crusher 2 and crushed. As a heat source for the dryer, hot gas is generated by the direct fire furnace 4 and can be used as the heat source. In this case, the temperature of the hot gas is 650 ° C. or higher, preferably 750 ° C. or higher. Then, the exhaust gas from the dryer is treated by a dust collector, for example, a cyclone 5, and the powder of the dried mixture collected by the dust is pulverized with the pulverizer 2 together with the dry mixture discharged from the dryer.
The gas is deodorized by being burned in the deodorizing furnace 7 through the heat exchanger 6 and is discharged to the atmosphere by a fan after cooling.
This heat exchanger exchanges heat between the high temperature deodorized gas discharged from the deodorizing furnace 7 and the low temperature gas discharged from the cyclone, and is for improving the efficiency of the deodorizing furnace.

The crusher 2 is only required to be capable of crushing the dry mixture into a shape suitable for molding, and it is not necessary to use a special crusher. For example, as an example of a typical crusher, a claw-shaped rotor in which pins (impact claws) are radially mounted for two to three revolutions is rotated so as to mesh with a claw-shaped stator mounted in a lid. It is possible to use a rotary pin mill having a mechanism of crushing and crushing. A magnetic separator may be provided in front of the crusher in order to remove iron pieces that may be mixed in the residue. Further, in order to prevent the supply hopper to the crusher from being blocked by the fiber content in the residue, an electromagnetic vibrator such as a vibrator may be attached to the hopper and vibrated. It is desirable that the crushed product is crushed so that the residue contained in the crushed product has a shape of 50 mm or less, preferably 30 mm or less. Dust of fine particles generated during the pulverization is collected by a dust collector, for example, a cyclone 8, and is supplied to the molding machine 3 together with the pulverized material discharged from the pulverizer. Further, the exhaust gas from the cyclone 8 is supplied to the deodorizing furnace 7 via the heat exchanger 6, and is burned together with the dry exhaust gas from the dryer 1 to deodorize and is released to the atmosphere.

In FIG. 1, the cyclones 5 and 8 are provided separately, but one cyclone may be shared and the collected dust may be supplied to the molding machine 3 together with the pulverized material discharged from the pulverizer 2. .

The molding machine 3 is not limited to a special molding machine as long as it can mold the pulverized material into a shape suitable for the fuel. For example, in order to extrude the air contained in the crushed material in advance and increase the density of the crushed material, it is compressed by a taper screw and supplied to a high pressure roll, and a briquette forming machine for manufacturing briquettes or two It is possible to use an extrusion molding machine or the like that compresses with a screw, extrudes from a nozzle, and cuts the extruded product into a suitable length.
The molded product is the heat of compression generated during compression molding, and the vinyl pieces contained in the residue melt and act as a binder between the sludge particles in the pulverized product, while at the same time forming a film on the surface of the molded product. And acts to contain odors. If the compression heat is insufficient, an electric heater may be attached to the casing of the molding machine, the liner in the casing, the mold plate, the nozzle, etc. to heat. A moisture controller may be provided in the preceding stage of the molding machine to adjust the moisture content of the pulverized product supplied to the molding machine so as to be optimum for molding.

The shape of the solid fuel molded by the molding machine 3 is determined according to the application. For example, if it is used in an incinerator of a waste treatment facility, it may have a shape that does not settle in the waste pit, or a shape that does not drop as unburned matter from the roster.

Further, the product molded by the molding machine (solid fuel)
A cooling machine 9 may be provided in the subsequent stage of the molding machine to cool the resin. The cooler may be a water cooler or a gas cooler as long as it can cool the product.

Regarding the odor generated from the solid fuel producing apparatus of the present invention, a method known as a deodorizing technique is adopted,
All the odors may be collected in one place for deodorization, or only the dry exhaust gas may be burned in a deodorization furnace to deodorize, and other odors may be treated with activated carbon adsorption after washing with chemicals.

[0017]

[Examples] The mixing ratio of sludge to sludge is 3:10, and the larger the amount of sludge is, the more preferable it is.

Example 1 As shown in FIG. 2, 1 per day carried into the receiving layer 10
20K standing of mixed sludge of 0K standing septic tank and 10K standing of agricultural settlement drainage sludge flows into the receiving tank 13 per day 1
It was treated with 0K standing human waste and discharged. At that time, 350 kg of dehydrated residue having a water content of 60% and 1445 kg of dehydrated sludge having a water content of 82% were generated. The dehydrated residue and the dehydrated sludge were mixed, and 445 kg of almond-shaped solid fuel was manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. The dryer used was a rotary dryer with stirring blades, the crusher was a rotary pin mill, and the molding machine was a briquette molding machine. Higher calorific value of product is 3250K
A solid fuel having a calorific value / kg (product weight) and a high calorific value could be produced without adding coals, oil, etc. to the flame-retardant dehydrated sludge.

Example 2 As shown in FIG. 3, 3 days a day are carried into the receiving tank 10.
8K standing mixed sludge of K standing septic tank, 3K standing sewage sludge and 2K standing food drainage sludge flows into the receiving tank 13 1
It was treated with 2K standing human excrement per day and discharged. At that time, 125 kg of dehydrated residue with a water content of 60% and a water content of 70
% Of dehydrated sludge was generated. The dehydrated residue and the dehydrated sludge were mixed, and 220 kg of chalk-like solid fuel was manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. The dryer used was a rotary dryer with stirring blades, the crusher was a rotary pin mill, and the molding machine was an extrusion molding machine. The high calorific value of the product is 5050 Kcal / kg (product weight), and a solid fuel having a calorific value higher than that of Example 1 is produced without adding coals, oil, etc. to the flame-retardant dehydrated sludge. I was able to.

[0020]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, odorless solid fuel with a high calorific value can be produced by using not only sludge generated from human waste treatment facilities but also sludge as a raw material without adding coals, oil and the like. Therefore, it is not necessary to incinerate the sludge and the sludge in the human waste treatment plant, and it is possible to eliminate the generation of solid waste from the human waste treatment facility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of an example of a solid fuel production device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet of an example for treating an organic mixed sludge in a urine treatment facility and discharging it.

FIG. 3 is another example of the flow sheet for treating the organic mixed sludge in the urine treatment facility and discharging it.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Dryer 2 Crusher 3 Molding machine 22 Sludge dewatering device 23 Sludge dewatering device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A dehydrator for dehydrating residue, a dehydrator for dehydrating sludge obtained by biological treatment, a dryer for dehydrating and drying the residue and dehydrated sludge, and a crusher for crushing the dried product. And a molding machine for molding the crushed dried product.