JP2013162555A - Vehicle charging system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform efficient charging when a plurality of vehicles are charged at the same time by using a plurality of power supply sections.SOLUTION: The priority of charging stands X, Y and Z is set. The priority indicates that a charging stand having a higher priority has a higher electric energy supplied from the charging stand. The priority is set on the basis of electric energies supplied from the charging stands X, Y and Z to vehicles A-C, and battery capacities of storage batteries 13 respectively mounted on the vehicles A-C. Specifically, the priority is set from a ratio of a charged capacity to the battery capacity.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle charging system for charging a storage battery mounted on a vehicle.

  As a vehicle charging system for charging a storage battery mounted on a vehicle such as an EV (Electric Vehicle) or a PHV (Plug in Hybrid Vehicle), for example, a charging device of Patent Document 1 is known. The charging device disclosed in Patent Document 1 connects a plurality of vehicles to one charging device and charges a plurality of vehicles at the same time.

JP 2011-130593 A

  In the charging device of Patent Document 1, when a plurality of vehicles are charged at the same time, the amount of power distributed to each vehicle is determined according to the priority order of charging. And since the setting of the priority in the case of charging a plurality of vehicles simultaneously affects charging efficiency, it is preferable to set appropriately.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art, and its purpose is to efficiently carry out charging of a plurality of vehicles simultaneously using a plurality of power supply units. It is providing the vehicle charging system which can charge.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a vehicle charging system for charging a storage battery mounted on a vehicle, supplying electric power for charging to the vehicle, and A plurality of power supply units, a power measurement unit that measures the amount of power supplied to the vehicle by each power supply unit, a battery capacity determination unit that determines the battery capacity of a storage battery mounted on the vehicle, and each power supply unit A priority setting unit that sets a priority order that defines the amount of power to be supplied, the priority setting unit based on the measurement result of the power measurement unit and the determination result of the battery capacity determination unit The above-mentioned priority order is set from the ratio of the charge amount with which the storage battery is charged with the power supplied from the power supply unit with respect to the battery capacity.

  According to this, the priority is set from the ratio of the charge amount to the battery capacity. For this reason, the amount of electric power to be supplied increases as the amount of charge required to reach a fully charged state increases. For example, when the priority order is set based only on the current charge amount, the priority order is the same if the charge amount of each vehicle is the same. That is, in this case, a vehicle with a high charge ratio and a low vehicle with respect to the battery capacity are charged with the same priority. However, according to the present invention, a plurality of vehicles are simultaneously charged using a plurality of power supply units by increasing the priority of a vehicle having a low charge amount to battery capacity and charging. However, it can charge efficiently.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle charging system according to the first aspect, the vehicle type determination unit includes a vehicle type determination unit that determines a vehicle type. The gist is to determine the capacity. According to this, since the vehicle type discrimination is performed to obtain information necessary for setting the priority order, the priority order can be accurately set even when the battery capacity differs for each vehicle.

  A third aspect of the present invention is the vehicle charging system according to the first or second aspect, further comprising a power amount determination unit that determines a power amount supplied by each power supply unit according to the priority order, and the priority The gist of the power setting unit is to set the higher priority in the order from the lower ratio, and the power amount determination unit increases the power amount in the order from the higher priority. According to this, a larger amount of power can be allocated to a power supply unit with a higher priority. Therefore, it can charge efficiently.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle charging system according to the third aspect, the power amount determination unit is configured such that the total amount of power supplied by each power supply unit is equal to or less than a preset maximum supply power amount. Thus, the gist is to determine the power amount of each power supply unit.

  According to this, the electric energy determination part can allocate electric energy so that the electric energy which each electric power supply part supplies does not exceed the maximum supply electric energy. That is, the amount of power supplied from the power supply unit does not become extremely large, and the power can be reliably distributed and supplied to the power supply target as a whole system.

  According to the present invention, when a plurality of vehicles are charged at the same time using a plurality of power supply units, the charging can be performed efficiently.

The block diagram which shows the structure of a vehicle charging system. Explanatory drawing explaining the maximum charging current value and battery capacity by vehicle type. The flowchart which shows the process which performs charge while calculating a priority coefficient. The schematic diagram which shows the specific example in the case of calculating a priority coefficient. Explanatory drawing explaining the example of calculation of a priority coefficient. Explanatory drawing explaining another example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle charging system K is connected to the power receiving facility 10 that receives power transmitted from the power system and the power receiving facility 10, and is connected to the vehicle via a charging cable when the vehicle is charged. A plurality of charging stations X, Y, Z. The charging stations X, Y, and Z serve as a power supply unit that supplies the power supplied from the power receiving facility 10 to the vehicle to be charged as charging power. Note that the vehicle charging system K of the present embodiment includes three charging stations X, Y, and Z, and can simultaneously charge three vehicles A, B, and C. One vehicle is connected to one charging station X, Y, Z. Further, the charging stations X, Y, and Z have the same configuration, and the detailed configuration is illustrated only by the charging station X in FIG. In addition, a load facility other than the charging stations X, Y, and Z to which power is supplied from the power receiving facility 10 is also connected to the power receiving facility 10. The load facility is a lighting fixture or the like that is disposed at a place where the vehicle charging system K is installed.

  In each charging station X, Y, Z, a power cut-off unit 11 that cuts off the flow of current when an overcurrent flows, a power control unit 12 that instructs a charging current command value when receiving power to the vehicle, Is provided. A vehicle A such as EV or PHV is equipped with a storage battery 13 that stores power supplied to an electric motor (motor) (not shown) that serves as a prime mover of the vehicle, and a charging control unit 14 that controls charging of the storage battery 13. Yes. The power control unit 12 of each charging station X, Y, Z instructs a charging current command value to the charging control unit 14 of the vehicle. On the other hand, the charging control unit 14 that has input the charging current command value executes charging control according to the charging current command value. As with the vehicle A, the storage battery 13 and the charge control unit 14 are mounted on the vehicles B and C shown in FIG.

  The vehicle charging system K includes a power measuring unit 15 that measures the amount of power used by the entire system, and charging stations X, Y, and Y based on the measurement results of the power measuring unit 15 and various setting values by the installer. A setting unit 16 that determines a charging current command value for instructing Z is connected. The power measuring unit 15 also measures the amount of power supplied to each charging station X, Y, Z. The power measuring unit 15 also measures the value of the current flowing through each charging station X, Y, Z. The setting unit 16 is connected to the power control unit 12 of each charging station X, Y, Z, and instructs the determined charging current command value to the power control unit 12 of each charging station X, Y, Z.

  In the setting unit 16, the peak power amount PP1, the control unit time Tx, and the number of stands N can be set by an input operation by the installer. The peak power amount PP1 is the maximum power supply amount that is the sum of the power amounts supplied by the charging stations X, Y, and Z. The control unit time Tx is a time for determining the charging current command value that the setting unit 16 instructs each charging station X, Y, Z, that is, a time for instructing the charging current command value. The number N of stations is the number of charging stations connected to the power receiving facility 10.

  In addition, the setting unit 16 can set a maximum charging current value and a battery capacity for each vehicle type by an input operation by the installer. The vehicle determination information is stored in the setting unit 16 in association with the maximum charging current value and the battery capacity for each vehicle type. The maximum charging current value is the maximum current value that can be handled when the charging control unit 14 of the vehicle charges the storage battery 13, and this value is determined by the conversion capability of the power converter that constitutes the charging control unit 14. Is done. In other words, the vehicle type can be identified from the current characteristics during charging by changing the configuration of the charging control unit 14 (such as the configuration of the power converter) for each vehicle. FIG. 2 shows an example of the maximum charging current value and the battery capacity associated with each vehicle type.

  When charging is performed, the setting unit 16 according to the present embodiment ensures that the total amount of power supplied by each charging station X, Y, Z does not exceed the peak power amount PP1 (maximum supplied power amount). , Y, Z are determined. Further, when determining the charging current command value to be instructed to each charging station X, Y, Z, the setting unit 16 determines the priority order that defines the magnitude of the electric energy of each charging station X, Y, X. Then, the setting unit 16 determines the charging current command value so that the higher the priority is, the higher the amount of power supplied.

  In the present embodiment, the setting unit 16 determines the priority order based on the current charge amount of the vehicle to be charged by each charging station X, Y, Z and the battery capacity of the storage battery 13 mounted on the vehicle. At the same time, a priority coefficient corresponding to the priority order is determined. The priority coefficient is set to a higher value as the charging station has a higher priority. The priority coefficient is reset for each control unit time Tx set in the setting unit 16. Therefore, for example, even when the highest priority coefficient is set for the charging station X in the current control unit, the charging station where the highest priority coefficient is set is changed in the next control unit. Sometimes it is maintained. The current charge amount is an amount that is actually charged in the storage battery 13 of the vehicle after the start of charging, and is an amount that does not consider the state of charge (SOC) at the start of charging. The battery capacity is the amount of full charge in the storage battery 13. And the setting part 16 of this embodiment performs the process which discriminate | determines the vehicle made into charge object, in order to determine a priority coefficient as mentioned above.

  Hereinafter, a method in which the setting unit 16 determines the electric energy of each charging station X, Y, Z will be described with reference to FIG. In the following description, it is assumed that the installer has set the peak power amount PP1, the control unit time Tx, the number of stands N, the maximum charging current value, and the battery capacity in the setting unit 16. In the following description, the charging stations X, Y, and Z are charged at the same time. Moreover, in this embodiment, the setting part 16 functions as a priority setting part, a battery capacity determination part, a vehicle type determination part, and an electric energy determination part by performing the process demonstrated below.

  The setting unit 16 determines the vehicle type from the current characteristics of the vehicle to be charged by each charging station X, Y, Z (step S30). In this determination, the setting unit 16 compares the current value flowing through the vehicle to be charged with the maximum charging current value set in advance, and identifies a matching vehicle type. For example, the setting unit 16 specifies the vehicle type G1 when the current value flowing through the vehicle matches the maximum charging current value D1, and specifies the vehicle type G2 when the current value flowing through the vehicle matches the maximum charging current value D2. To do. In addition, the setting unit 16 specifies the vehicle type G3 when the value of the current flowing through the vehicle matches the maximum charging current value D3.

  Next, the setting unit 16 calculates the battery capacity of the vehicle type set in advance based on the vehicle type specified in step S30 (step S31). For example, the setting unit 16 calculates the battery capacity E1 for the vehicle type G1, calculates the battery capacity E2 for the vehicle type G2, and calculates the battery capacity E3 for the vehicle type G3.

  Next, the setting unit 16 calculates the amount of power supplied to the charging stations X, Y, and Z based on the measurement result of the power measuring unit 15, and the charging stations X, Y, and Z are charged from the calculation result. The current charge amount of the target vehicle is acquired (step S32). Next, the setting unit 16 calculates and determines a priority coefficient based on the battery capacity calculated in step S31 and the current charge amount acquired in step S32 (step S33).

  Next, the setting unit 16 calculates a set power value for each charging station X, Y, Z (step S34). In step S34, the setting unit 16 first calculates the ratio of the priority coefficients set for the charging stations X, Y, and Z from the sum of the priority coefficients of the charging stations X, Y, and Z. And the setting part 16 calculates the setting electric power value of each charging stand X, Y, Z by multiplying the electric energy which can be used for charge in the whole system (maximum: peak electric energy PP1). . The amount of power that can be used for charging is determined based on the measurement result of the power measurement unit 15. Then, when the power of the peak power amount PP1 can be used, the setting unit 16 determines the set power value of each charging station X, Y, Z with the power amount usable for charging as the peak power amount PP1.

  Next, the setting part 16 calculates each charging current command value for supplying the electric power according to the setting electric power value calculated by step S34 from each charging stand X, Y, Z (step S35). In step S35, the setting unit 16 calculates a charging current command value using the set power value and a reference voltage value (for example, 200V). Next, the setting unit 16 transmits the charging current command value of each charging station X, Y, Z calculated in step S35 to each charging station X, Y, Z. The charging current command value is instructed to the charging control unit 14 of the vehicles A to C to be charged at the charging stations X, Y, and Z. In the vehicle charging system K, charging is performed by supplying each vehicle with the amount of power corresponding to the set power value from each charging station X, Y, Z (step S37). The charging in step S37 is continuously performed during the control unit time Tx. That is, when the control unit time Tx arrives, the setting unit 16 performs the processing from step S30 again and recalculates the set power value.

Hereinafter, the operation of the vehicle charging system K of the present embodiment will be described according to the specific examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
4 and 5 show a case where three vehicles A to C, that is, a vehicle A of the vehicle type G1, a vehicle B of the vehicle type G2, and a vehicle C of the vehicle type G3 are charged at the charging stations X, Y, and Z, respectively. It is an example.

  When the battery capacity E1 of the vehicle A to be charged at the charging station X is set to “15 kWh” and the current charge amount W1 is set to “5 kWh”, the setting unit 16 sets the priority coefficient Ka to “3” from the calculation formula shown in FIG. And decide. Further, when the battery capacity E2 of the vehicle B to be charged at the charging station Y is “10 kWh” and the current charge amount W2 is “5 kWh”, the setting unit 16 sets the priority coefficient Kb from the arithmetic expression shown in FIG. 2 ”. Further, when the battery capacity E3 of the vehicle C to be charged at the charging station Z is “25 kWh” and the current charge amount W3 is “5 kWh”, the setting unit 16 sets the priority coefficient Kc from the arithmetic expression shown in FIG. 5 ”. Thus, when the priority coefficient of each charging station X, Y, Z is calculated, the priority is higher in the order of charging station Y <charging station X <charging station Z. And the setting part 16 determines the setting electric power value of each charging station according to a priority coefficient. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the peak power PP1 is set to “6 kW”.

  Specifically, the setting unit 16 determines “1.8 kW” as the set power value P1 of the charging station X according to the arithmetic expression shown in FIG. Further, the setting unit 16 determines “1.2 kW” as the set power value P2 of the charging station Y according to the arithmetic expression shown in FIG. Further, the setting unit 16 determines “3 kW” as the set power value P3 of the charging station Z according to the arithmetic expression shown in FIG.

  And the setting part 16 calculates the charging current command value instruct | indicated to each charging station X, Y, Z based on the setting electric power value P1-P3 of each charging station X, Y, Z, and each electric power control. To the unit 12. Receiving the charging current command value, each power control unit 12 transmits the charging current command value to the charging control unit 14 of the vehicles A to C. And each charge control part 14 performs charge control of the storage battery 13 according to a charging current command value.

  4 and 5 illustrate the case where charging is performed using all the charging stations X, Y, and Z. However, charging is performed using one charging station, or two charging stations are used. When charging is performed using the battery, charging is performed as described below. Specifically, when charging is performed using one charging system, charging is performed using a set power value that does not exceed the peak power amount PP1. When charging is performed using two charging stations, the set power value of the charging station is determined by the calculation method described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 according to the priority coefficient.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The priority coefficient is determined by the ratio between the battery capacity and the current charge amount. For this reason, as the amount of charge required to reach a fully charged state is increased, the set power value of the charging station can be set to a higher value, and the amount of power supplied can be increased. When the priority coefficient is determined based only on the current charge amount, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, if the charge amounts of the vehicles A to C are the same, the priority coefficient is the same. In other words, in this case, a vehicle with a high charge amount ratio and a low vehicle with respect to the battery capacity are charged under the same priority coefficient. However, according to the priority coefficient determination method of the present embodiment, a plurality of charging stations X, Y, and Z are used by charging by increasing the priority of a vehicle having a low charge amount ratio relative to the battery capacity. Even when charging a plurality of vehicles at the same time, charging can be performed efficiently.

  (2) Since the vehicle type discrimination is performed to obtain information necessary for calculating the priority coefficient, the accurate priority coefficient can be calculated even when the battery capacity is different for each vehicle. Then, information for vehicle type discrimination is set in advance, and the setting unit 16 automatically discriminates based on such information, so that a process of causing the user to input a vehicle type or the like can be omitted.

(3) Since the setting unit 16 determines the vehicle type from the current characteristics during charging, the vehicle type can be determined with a simple configuration.
(4) The setting unit 16 allocates the amount of power so that the amount of power supplied by each charging station X, Y, Z does not exceed the peak power amount PP1. That is, the amount of power supplied from the charging stations X, Y, and Z does not become extremely large, and power can be reliably distributed and supplied to the power supply target as a whole system.

  (5) When the peak power amount PP1 is set as the power amount in the supply and demand contract, the setting unit 16 can assign the charging stations X, Y, and Z so as not to exceed the power amount in the supply and demand contract.

  (6) Charging vehicles connected to each charging station efficiently or on average by setting a priority coefficient for each control unit time Tx and calculating the electric energy of each charging station X, Y, Z Can do. That is, a situation in which the charging time of any charging stand is extremely shortened does not occur, and it is possible to prevent the user from feeling unfair.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
The setting unit 16 may be provided in the power receiving facility 10 or may be provided in the charging stations X, Y, and Z.

  O Two or three or more charging stations X, Y, and Z may be connected to the power receiving facility 10. Also in this case, the set power value of each charging station is determined using the same calculation method as in the embodiment.

  A power measuring unit 15 that measures the amount of power supplied to each vehicle by the charging stations X, Y, and Z may be provided at each charging station X, Y, and Z. And the setting part 16 may receive the measurement result of supplied electric energy from each charging stand X, Y, Z.

  O When the voltage value is constant in the vehicle charging system K or when the voltage value is regarded as constant, the power measurement unit 15 may be changed to a current measurement unit. In this case, the amount of electric power supplied from the measurement result can be calculated by measuring the current. Then, the setting unit 16 determines the charging current command value based on the measurement result of the current measuring unit so that the total amount of power supplied from each charging station X, Y, Z does not exceed the peak power amount PP1. To do.

The command value instructed by the setting unit 16 may be a charging current command value as in the embodiment, or may be a power command value or a voltage command value instead of the charging current command value.
The charging current command value may be calculated using the voltage value measured by the power measuring unit 15 and the set power value calculated by the setting unit 16.

○ Transmission and reception of information between the vehicles A to C and the charging stations X, Y, and Z may be performed by wireless communication.
As a current characteristic, instead of or in addition to the maximum charging current value, the current rising characteristic may be set in the setting unit 16, and the vehicle type may be determined from the current rising characteristic. The current rising characteristic is a characteristic from when the current value is zero until it reaches a current value corresponding to the charging current command value.

  ○ The embodiment is embodied in a vehicle charging system in which charging is performed by mechanically connecting a charging plug to the vehicle, but the vehicle and the charging device (ground side equipment) are electrically connected without using the charging plug. Then, it may be embodied in a non-contact type vehicle charging system that performs charging. As shown in FIG. 6, in the non-contact type vehicle charging system, the power receiving side coil 21 attached to the vehicle 20 side is matched with the power transmitting side coil 23 of the ground side equipment 22 embedded in the floor of the charging station. Thus, the vehicle 20 is stopped. At this time, the power receiving side coil 21 and the power transmitting side coil 23 are separated and brought into a non-contact state. In the non-contact type vehicle charging system, the storage battery of the vehicle 20 is charged by receiving the power from the power transmission side coil 23 by the power reception side coil 21. Such a contactless vehicle charging system includes a resonance method and an electromagnetic induction method. In the non-contact type vehicle charging system, the vehicle-side controller 24 mounted on the vehicle 20 and the power-supply-side controller 25 installed on the ground-side facility 22 can communicate with each other wirelessly. That is, transmission / reception of a signal necessary for charging, such as a charging start / stop signal, is performed by wireless communication between the vehicle-side controller 24 and the power-side controller 25. In the non-contact type vehicle charging system, the ground-side equipment 22 corresponds to the charging stations X, Y, and Z that are power supply units in the embodiment, and the power receiving equipment 10, the power measuring unit 15, and the setting unit 16 are charged. It is provided in the station.

In the non-contact charging system described in the above other example, signal transmission / reception between the vehicle-side controller 24 and the power-supply side controller 25 may be superimposed on power transmission.
Next, a technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment and another example will be added below.

  (B) A vehicle charging system for charging a storage battery mounted on a vehicle, supplying power for charging to the vehicle, and supplying a plurality of power supply units throughout the system and power from each power supply unit The current measuring unit that measures the amount of current flowing to the vehicle side, the battery capacity determining unit that determines the battery capacity of the storage battery mounted on the vehicle, and the amount of power supplied from each power supply unit A priority setting unit that sets a priority order for the storage battery, and the priority setting unit determines whether the storage battery for the battery capacity is based on the measurement result of the current measurement unit and the determination result of the battery capacity determination unit. The vehicle charging system, wherein the priority order is set from a ratio of a charge amount charged with electric power supplied from the power supply unit.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Storage battery, 15 ... Electric power measurement part, 16 ... Setting part, AC ... Vehicle, K ... Vehicle charging system, XZ ... Charging stand, E1-E3 ... Battery capacity, G1-G3 ... Vehicle type, W1-W3 ... charge amount.

Claims (4)

A vehicle charging system for charging a storage battery mounted on a vehicle,
While supplying electric power for charging to the vehicle, and a power supply unit having a plurality of the entire system,
A power measuring unit that measures the amount of power supplied to the vehicle by each power supply unit;
A battery capacity discriminating unit for discriminating the battery capacity of the storage battery mounted on the vehicle;
A priority setting unit that sets a priority order that defines the amount of power supplied from each power supply unit, and
The priority setting unit, based on the measurement result of the power measurement unit and the determination result of the battery capacity determination unit, the amount of charge with which the storage battery with respect to the battery capacity is charged with the power supplied from the power supply unit The vehicle charging system is characterized in that the priority order is set based on the ratio. It has a car type discriminating part that discriminates the car type,
2. The vehicle charging system according to claim 1, wherein the battery capacity determination unit determines a battery capacity based on a vehicle type determined by the vehicle type determination unit. A power amount determination unit that determines the amount of power supplied by each power supply unit according to the priority order;
The priority setting unit sets a higher priority in order of increasing proportion.
The vehicle charging system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power amount determination unit increases the power amount in descending order of priority.   The power amount determination unit determines the power amount of each power supply unit such that the total amount of power supplied by each power supply unit is equal to or less than a preset maximum supply power amount. The vehicle charging system described in 1.