JP6020247B2 - Charging system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a charging system for charging an in-vehicle battery of an electric vehicle.

  A charging system for charging an in-vehicle battery of an electric vehicle such as an EV (Electric Vehicle) or a PHV (Plug in Hybrid Vehicle) is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. In the charging system of Patent Document 1, even when a plurality of vehicles are charged at the same time, the charging is controlled so as not to exceed the contracted capacity.

JP 2011-125178 A

  By the way, the control unit of the charging system calculates the amount of power distributed to the charging station that charges the vehicle within a range not exceeding the contracted capacity, and the charging station that receives the calculated value charges the vehicle side according to the calculated value. Give instructions. However, the amount of electric power (charging current) actually supplied to the vehicle side does not necessarily match the calculated value instructed to the charging station. In this way, when the amount of power actually supplied to the vehicle does not match the calculated value that is instructed, correction is performed so that both values match, but each time the error is corrected, the charging stand Calculating the amount of power supplied by the computer imposes an excessive burden on the control unit.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art, and its purpose is not to impose a control burden and not to exceed the maximum power supply that can be supplied by the system. It is to provide a charging system that can be controlled.

  A charging system that solves the above problem is a charging system that charges an in-vehicle battery, a charging unit that supplies charging power to the in-vehicle battery, and a maximum supply power amount that can be supplied by the charging system. A charging control unit that calculates and instructs the charging unit so as not to exceed the charging unit, and the charging unit instructs the vehicle to charge based on the amount of power supplied from the charging control unit When the difference between the actual current amount actually supplied to the vehicle and the command current amount based on the charge command value is within a predetermined range, control is performed to correct the difference.

  According to this configuration, when there is a difference between the actual current amount and the command current amount, control for correcting the difference is performed by control on the charging unit side. For this reason, it is not necessary for the charge control unit to calculate the amount of power supplied to the charging unit each time the difference is corrected. Therefore, it is possible to perform control so as not to exceed the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system without imposing a control burden on the charging control unit.

  In the charging system, the charging unit is configured such that a difference between the actual current amount and the instruction current amount is outside the predetermined range, and the actual current amount is smaller than the predetermined current amount than the instruction current amount. In this case, the charging control unit is instructed to recalculate the supplied power amount, and the charging control unit calculates the supplied power amount in accordance with the recalculating instruction and instructs the charging unit. According to this configuration, since the charge control unit calculates the supplied power amount when the difference between the actual current amount and the command current amount is greatly widened, the control load is not imposed on the charge control unit. And it can control so that the maximum supply electric energy which can be supplied by a charging system is not exceeded because a charge control part calculates supply electric energy again.

  The charging system includes a plurality of charging units, and the charging control unit distributes the power supply amount of the charging unit to the power supply amounts of other charging units in accordance with the recalculation instruction. According to this configuration, when the actual current amount is smaller than the command current amount by a predetermined amount or more, it is conceivable that the vehicle to be charged by the charging unit is in a state where charging is stopped. For this reason, in such a case, the amount of power supplied by the other charging units may be increased by distributing the amount of power supplied to the charging units that are in a charging stop state to the amount of power supplied to other charging units. it can. Therefore, the charging efficiency by the charging system can be improved.

  In the charging system, the charging unit is configured such that a difference between the actual current amount and the instruction current amount is outside the predetermined range, and the actual current amount is larger than the instruction current amount by a predetermined amount of current or more. The charging control unit confirms the charging specification of the vehicle according to the confirmation instruction, calculates the supply power amount based on the confirmation result, and Instruct the charging unit. According to this configuration, since the charge control unit calculates the supplied power amount when the difference between the actual current amount and the command current amount is greatly widened, the control load is not imposed on the charge control unit. And it can control so that the maximum supply electric energy which can be supplied by a charging system is not exceeded because a charge control part calculates supply electric energy again.

  In the charging system, the charging specification includes a maximum charging current amount that can be processed by the vehicle during charging, and the charging control unit calculates the supplied power amount based on the maximum charging current amount. According to this configuration, the charge control unit calculates the amount of supplied power based on the maximum amount of charging current of the vehicle, so that charging can be performed with the amount of power that the vehicle can accept. Therefore, the charging efficiency by the charging system can be improved.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform control so as not to exceed the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the system without imposing a control burden.

The block diagram which shows the structure of a charging system. The flowchart which shows a vehicle state process. The schematic diagram which shows the specific example of transition of charging current. The flowchart which shows a charging current determination process. Explanatory drawing explaining the content of the determination according to the transition of charging current, and the content of operation | movement. Explanatory drawing explaining another example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying a charging system will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, an in-vehicle battery 10 that stores power supplied to an electric motor (motor) (not shown) that serves as a prime mover of the electric vehicles K1 to K3 is mounted on electric vehicles K1, K2, and K3 such as EVs and PHVs. ing. Moreover, the control part 11 which controls charge to the vehicle-mounted battery 10 is mounted in the electric vehicles K1-K3. Moreover, the electric power converter 12 is mounted in the electric vehicles K1-K3. In addition, the electric vehicles K1 to K3 are equipped with a communication unit 13 serving as an information receiving unit and an information transmitting unit. And the vehicle-mounted battery 10 is charged with the electric power supplied from the vehicle charging system K into a form suitable for charging by the power converter 12, and is charged with the converted electric power. In addition, in FIG. 1, since the structure of each electric vehicle K1-K3 is the same structure, a specific structure is illustrated only to the electric vehicle K1.

Hereinafter, a specific configuration of the charging system K will be described with reference to FIG.
The charging system K of the present embodiment includes a charging control unit 14 that controls charging of the electric vehicles K1 to K3, and charging stations A, B, and C connected to the electric vehicles K1 to K3 via the charging plug P during charging. It is composed of The charging stations A to C are charging units that directly supply charging power for charging the in-vehicle batteries 10 of the electric vehicles K1 to K3 to the electric vehicles K1 to K3. FIG. 1 illustrates a charging system K having three charging stations A to C.

  Charging system K is connected to power system 15 via power transmission line L1. And in the charging system K, the power transmission path which transmits the electric power from the electric power grid | system 15 to each charging stand AC with the power transmission line L1 is constructed | assembled. The electric power system is a power transmission system for transmitting electric power and is owned by an electric power company.

  In addition, the charging system K is provided with a power cutoff unit 16 that serves as a main breaker that shuts off the power supply circuit when the power available from the power system 15 is exceeded. The power available from the power system 15 is determined by a supply and demand contract between the installer of the charging system K and the power company.

  The charging control unit 14 and the charging stations A to C are connected by a signal line L2 that transmits a control signal. The charging plug P includes a power transmission line for transmitting charging power and a signal line for transmitting and receiving signals between the charging stations A to C and the electric vehicles K1 to K3.

  The charging control unit 14 includes a charging control unit 17 that controls the amount of power supplied from each charging station A to C. Each of the charging stations A to C includes a control unit 18 that controls charging of the electric vehicles K1 to K3, an information receiving unit, and a communication unit 19 serving as an information transmitting unit. In FIG. 1, the configuration of each of the charging stations A to C is the same, and thus a specific configuration is illustrated only for the charging station A.

  The control unit 18 of each charging station A to C determines whether or not there is a vehicle to be charged based on information transmitted from the electric vehicles K1 to K3 via a signal line built in the charging plug P. That is, it is detected whether or not the charging plug P is connected to the vehicle. In this detection, the charging system K according to the present embodiment uses the CPLT (control pilot) function to check the connection with the electric vehicles K1 to K3. The control unit 11 of each electric vehicle K1 to K3 starts when the signal voltage rises to the initial voltage, and lowers the signal voltage from the initial voltage to the predetermined voltage after the start. When the control unit 18 of each of the charging stations A to C confirms the fluctuation of the signal voltage from the initial voltage, it detects that the charging plug P is connected to the vehicle. And the control part 18 of each charge stand AC will transmit a vehicle connection signal to the charge control part 17 of the charge control unit 14, if a connection is detected. In the present embodiment, the charging control unit 17 receives the vehicle connection signal, and determines whether or not the charging stations A to C are in a state in which the electric vehicles K1 to K3 can be charged. And the control part 11 of the electric vehicles K1-K3 which lowered the signal voltage to the predetermined voltage starts the preparation for charging, and further lowers the signal voltage after the preparation. And if the change of this signal voltage is further detected, the charge control part 17 of the charge control unit 14 and the control part 18 of charge stand AC will start charge.

In the charging system K of the present embodiment configured as described above, the control described below is performed by the charging control unit 14 and the charging stations A to C.
As shown in FIG. 2, the charging control unit 17 executes a vehicle state process.

  The charge control unit 17 determines whether there are electric vehicles K1 to K3 to be charged (step S10). For the determination in step S10, the CPLT function is used as described above. When the determination result of step S10 is negative, the charging control unit 17 ends the vehicle state process and performs the vehicle state process again after a predetermined period. On the other hand, when there is an electric vehicle to be charged in any one of the charging stations A to C, that is, when there is an electric vehicle to be charged, the charging control unit 17 makes a positive determination in step S10.

  When the determination result of step S10 is affirmative, the charging control unit 17 confirms the charging specification of the electric vehicle to be charged. The charging specifications of the electric vehicle include whether or not the vehicle can variably control the charging current during charging, and the maximum charging current amount that is the maximum amount of charging current that can be accepted by the vehicle during charging. This maximum charging current amount is determined by the processing capability of the power converter 12. The charging control unit 17 specifies the vehicle type from these pieces of information.

  Next, the charging control unit 17 calculates the amount of supplied power that is distributed and supplied to the charging station to which the electric vehicle to be charged is connected (step S12). In step S <b> 12, the charging control unit 17 supplies each charging station so that the total amount of electric power supplied to each charging station does not exceed the maximum electric energy that is available on the power supply / demand contract from the power system 15. Calculate the amount of power. In this embodiment, the amount of power on the supply and demand contract that can be supplied from the power system 15 is the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system K.

  The charging control unit 17 calculates the amount of power corresponding to the maximum amount of charging current of the electric vehicle as the amount of power supplied to the charging station for charging the electric vehicle that cannot variably control the charging current. In addition, the charge control unit 17 corresponds to the maximum charge current amount as long as the total supply power amount does not exceed the maximum supply power amount as the supply power amount of the charging station for charging the electric vehicle capable of variably controlling the charge current. Calculate the amount of power. On the other hand, when the supply power amount exceeds the maximum supply power amount as the power amount corresponding to the maximum charge current amount, the charge control unit 17 calculates the power amount less than the power amount corresponding to the maximum charge current amount as the supply power amount. .

  Next, the charging control unit 17 instructs the power supply amount calculated in step S12 to the charging stand to which the electric vehicle to be charged is connected (step S13). Thereby, the control part 18 of each charging station AC transmits the electric current instruction value as an electric charging instruction value which instruct | indicates the charging current corresponded to the power supply amount instruct | indicated in step S13 to the electric vehicle made into charge object. . Then, the electric vehicle receives the charging current according to the current instruction value and charges the in-vehicle battery 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when charging the electric vehicle, there may be a difference between the command current amount Ia based on the current command value corresponding to the supplied power amount and the actual current amount Ib actually supplied to the electric vehicle side. . For this reason, in this embodiment, the control unit 18 of each charging station A to C determines which of the predetermined ranges y1, y2, and y3 the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib corresponds to. Then, control is executed based on the determination result.

As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 18 of each of the charging stations A to C instructing the current instruction value performs a charging current determination process.
In the charging current determination process, the control unit 18 detects the actual current amount Ib and compares the detected value with the command current amount Ia to determine the charging current supplied to the electric vehicle (step S20). Then, the control unit 18 determines whether or not the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is within a predetermined range y1 (step S21). As shown in FIG. 3, the range y1 is a range in which an upper limit value and a lower limit value are determined based on the command current amount Ia. If the determination result of step S21 is affirmative, the control unit 18 determines that the charge amount error (step S22), and executes error correction control so as to eliminate the difference (step S23). In step S23, the control unit 18 varies the current instruction value instructed to the electric vehicle side. For example, when the actual current amount Ib is larger than the command current amount Ia, the control unit 18 decreases the current command value so as to match the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib. In addition, when the actual current amount Ib is smaller than the command current amount Ia, the control unit 18 increases the current command value so that the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib coincide with each other.

  On the other hand, when the determination result of step S21 is negative, the control unit 18 determines whether or not the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is within a predetermined range y3 (step S24). As shown in FIG. 4, the range y3 is a range that exceeds the upper limit value defined by the range y1, and is a case where the actual current amount Ib is larger than the command current amount Ia by a predetermined current amount or more. In this embodiment, the predetermined amount of current is a current amount corresponding to the upper limit value. When the determination result of step S24 is affirmative, the control unit 18 determines that the vehicle specification is erroneously determined (step S25). And the control part 18 instruct | indicates the confirmation of the charge specification of a vehicle with respect to the charge control part 17 (step S26). Receiving this confirmation instruction, the charging control unit 17 confirms the specifications in the same manner as the processing in step S11 in the vehicle state processing of FIG. 2, and based on the confirmation results, supplies power in the same manner as in the processing in steps S12 and S13. Calculate and indicate the amount.

  On the other hand, when the determination result of step S24 is negative, the control unit 18 determines that the electric vehicle is in a charging stop state because the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is in a predetermined range y2. (Step S27). As shown in FIG. 3, the range y2 is a range that exceeds the lower limit defined by the range y1, and the actual current amount Ib is smaller than the command current amount Ia by a predetermined amount or more. In this embodiment, the predetermined current amount is a current amount corresponding to the lower limit value. Moreover, the state of a charge stop arises, when the vehicle-mounted battery 10 reaches a full charge state, the case where charge is stopped by control by the electric vehicle side, etc. Then, the control unit 18 instructs the charge control unit 17 to redistribute power (step S28). Receiving this instruction, the charging control unit 17 calculates and instructs the amount of supplied power in the same manner as in steps S12 and S13 in the vehicle state process of FIG. As a result, power corresponding to the amount of power distributed to the charging station that is in the charging stop state is distributed to the charging station that is being charged.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, when the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is within a range y1, the control unit 18 of each charging station A to C uses the difference as a variable control of the current command value. Control to eliminate by. That is, this case is handled by the control on the control unit 18 side without changing the supplied power amount calculated by the charging control unit 17. On the other hand, when the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is within the range y2 or the range y3, the control unit 18 performs charge control when the charge control unit 17 needs to calculate the supply power amount again. Instruct the unit 17. Thereby, the power supply amount calculated by the charging control unit 17 may be changed.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) When the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is in the range y1, control for correcting the difference is performed by the control on the charging stations A to C. For this reason, it is not necessary for the charging control unit 17 to calculate the amount of power supplied to the charging stations A to C every time the difference is corrected. Therefore, the charging control unit 17 can be controlled so as not to exceed the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system K without imposing a control burden.

  (2) When the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is in the range y2 or the range y3, the charge control unit 17 calculates the supply power amount of the charging stations A to C again. For this reason, the charge control part 17 should just perform the process which calculates supply electric energy again only when a difference cannot be eliminated by control by the charge stand AC side. Therefore, the charging control unit 17 can be controlled so as not to exceed the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system K without imposing a control burden.

  (3) Since the ranges y1 to y3 are set to the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib and the control contents are associated with each of the ranges y1 to y3, the control of the charging system K is efficiently executed. Can do.

  (4) When the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is in the range y2, it is determined that the charging is stopped, and the charge control unit 17 again determines the supply power amounts of the charging stations A to C. calculate. For this reason, the amount of power supplied to the charging stations A to C during charging can be increased. That is, when the charging is stopped, a surplus is generated in the amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system K. For this reason, the charging efficiency by the charging system K can be improved by distributing the surplus to the amount of power supplied to the charging stations A to C during charging.

  (5) When the difference between the command current amount Ia and the actual current amount Ib is in the range y3, the charge specification is confirmed again because there is an error in the determination of the charge specification of the vehicle. And based on the confirmation result, the charge control part 17 calculates the power supply amount of the charging stations A to C again. Therefore, control can be performed so as not to exceed the maximum amount of power that can be supplied by the charging system K.

  (6) Since the charging control unit 17 calculates the supplied power amount based on the maximum charging current amount of the vehicle obtained from the confirmation result of the charging specification, the charging control unit 17 can perform charging with the amount of power that the vehicle can accept. . Therefore, the charging efficiency by the charging system can be improved.

  (7) In addition, since charging is controlled by checking the charging specifications of the vehicle, control is performed so as not to exceed the maximum amount of electric power that can be supplied by the charging system K no matter what type of vehicle is charged. can do.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
(Circle) you may change the number of charge stand AC which comprises the charging system K. FIG. For example, the charging system K provided with a single charging stand may be embodied. Moreover, you may actualize in the charging system K provided with 2 or 4 or more charging stands.

The instruction value when the charge control unit 17 instructs the control unit 18 about the amount of power supplied may be the current amount.
The charge instruction value that the control unit 18 of each charging station A to C instructs the electric vehicle may be the amount of power.

  (Circle) the control part 18 of each charging station AC may detect the electric power currently supplied to the electric vehicle in step S20 of a charging current determination process, and may perform the process from step S21.

O Transmission / reception of information with the electric vehicles K1 to K3, the charging stations A to C, and the charging control unit 14 may be performed by wireless communication.
(Circle) you may provide the charge control unit 14 in either of several charging stand AC. In this case, the charging station provided with the charging control unit 14 and the other charging station are connected by a signal line so as to transmit and receive signals. And the charge control unit 14 performs control similarly to the embodiment.

  The embodiment is embodied in the charging system K that performs charging by mechanically connecting the charging plug P to the electric vehicles K1 to K3, but without using the charging plug P, the electric vehicle and the charging unit (on the ground side) You may embody in the non-contact-type charging system which electrically connects equipment) and charges. As shown in FIG. 6, in the non-contact charging system, the power receiving side coil 35 attached to the electric vehicle 34 side and the power transmitting side coil 37 of the ground side equipment 36 embedded in the floor of the charging station are matched. Thus, the electric vehicle 34 is stopped. At this time, the power reception side coil 35 and the power transmission side coil 37 are separated and brought into a non-contact state. In the non-contact charging system, the on-board battery of the electric vehicle 34 is charged by receiving the power from the power transmission side coil 37 by the power reception side coil 35. Such a contactless charging system includes a resonance method and an electromagnetic induction method. In the non-contact charging system, the vehicle-side controller 38 mounted on the electric vehicle 34 and the power-side controller 39 installed on the ground-side facility 36 can communicate wirelessly. In the non-contact charging system, the ground side equipment 36 corresponds to the charging stations A to C serving as the charging unit in the embodiment, and the charging control unit 14 is provided in the charging station.

In the non-contact charging system described in the above other example, signal transmission / reception between the vehicle controller 38 and the power supply controller 39 may be superimposed on power transmission.
The charging system K may be embodied as a public facility (such as an educational institution or a public hall), a commercial facility (such as an accommodation facility, a shopping facility, or a charging station) or a household facility.

  A power storage unit may be provided in the charging system K, and charging power may be supplied from the charging system K to the electric vehicle by discharging the power system 15 and the power storage unit. In this case, any number of power storage units may be provided in the charging system K. In addition, the power storage unit may be charged using the power of the power system 15 or may be performed by a power generation system using natural energy such as a solar power generation system or a wind power generation system.

Next, a technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment and another example will be added below.
(B) In a charging system for charging an in-vehicle battery, a charging unit that supplies charging power to the in-vehicle battery, and an amount of electric power supplied to the charging unit are calculated so as not to exceed a maximum amount of electric power that can be supplied by the charging system A charging control unit for instructing the charging unit, and the charging unit transmits a charging instruction value for instructing the vehicle to charge based on the amount of power supplied from the charging control unit, A charging system, wherein a control for correcting the difference is executed when a difference between an actual power amount actually supplied to a vehicle and an instruction power amount based on the charging instruction value is within a predetermined range.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Vehicle-mounted battery, 14 ... Charge control unit, 17 ... Charge control part, 18 ... Control part, AC ... Charging stand, K ... Charging system, K1-K3 ... Electric vehicle, Ia ... Indicated current amount, Ib ... Actual Current amount, y1-y3 ... range.

Claims (5)

In a charging system for charging in-vehicle batteries,
A charging unit for supplying charging power to the in-vehicle battery;
A charge control unit that calculates the supply power amount of the charging unit so as not to exceed the maximum supply power amount that can be supplied by the charging system, and instructs the charging unit;
The charging unit transmits a charge instruction value for instructing the vehicle to charge based on the amount of power supplied from the charge control unit, and sets the actual current amount actually supplied to the vehicle and the charge instruction value. When the difference between the indicated current amounts is within a predetermined range, control for correcting the difference is executed. When the difference between the actual current amount and the indicated current amount is outside the predetermined range and the actual current amount is smaller than the predetermined current amount than the indicated current amount, the charging unit performs the charge control. To recalculate the supply power amount,
The charging system according to claim 1, wherein the charging control unit calculates the supplied power amount according to the recalculation instruction and instructs the charging unit. Having a plurality of the charging parts,
The charging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging control unit distributes the power supply amount of the charging unit to the power supply amounts of other charging units in accordance with the recalculation instruction. When the difference between the actual current amount and the indicated current amount is outside the predetermined range and the actual current amount is greater than the predetermined current amount than the indicated current amount, Instruct to check the charging specifications,
4. The charging control unit according to claim 1, wherein the charging control unit confirms the charging specifications of the vehicle according to the confirmation instruction, calculates the supply power amount based on the confirmation result, and instructs the charging unit. The charging system as described in any one of them. The charging specification includes the maximum amount of charging current that the vehicle can process during charging,
The charging system according to claim 4, wherein the charging control unit calculates the supplied power amount based on the maximum charging current amount.