JP2013151419A - 加工複合建築材料およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
加工複合建築材料およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013151419A JP2013151419A JP2013053214A JP2013053214A JP2013151419A JP 2013151419 A JP2013151419 A JP 2013151419A JP 2013053214 A JP2013053214 A JP 2013053214A JP 2013053214 A JP2013053214 A JP 2013053214A JP 2013151419 A JP2013151419 A JP 2013151419A
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- impregnating agent
- building material
- substrate
- fibers
- composite building
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
- C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B41/483—Polyacrylates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B41/488—Other macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C04B41/4884—Polyurethanes; Polyisocyanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/495—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as oligomers or polymers
- C04B41/4961—Polyorganosiloxanes, i.e. polymers with a Si-O-Si-O-chain; "silicones"
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- C09D1/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
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Abstract
【解決手段】ファイバーセメントなどの加工複合建築材料は1つまたは複数の加工表面下領域を有し、この表面下領域は、基体の気孔へ含浸剤を導入することによって形成されたセメントポリマーマトリックスを有する。この複合建築材料は、基体102の表面下領域104に含浸剤を適用して、建築材料のマトリックス、補強繊維、および/またはこの材料に塗布した表面コーティング106と、化学的および/または機械的結合を形成することにより形成することができる。表面下領域の厚さは、建築材料基体の粘度および気孔率を変えることにより制御することができる。このセメントポリマー建築材料は、耐久性、耐候性、強度、および剛性が向上している。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、一般に複合建築材料に関し、特に加工セメントポリマーマトリックス(engineered cement−polymer matrix)を有する複合建築材料に関する。
以上のことを考慮して、本明細書では、水の浸入に抵抗して外表面上の塗料および/またはトップコート(topcoat)の耐用年数を向上させる方法、配合物、および建築材料製品を説明する。本明細書が提供する加工建築材料(engineered building materials)は、耐候性が改善されており、材料の基体と外部塗料またはコーティングとの耐久性接着を維持することができる。
本明細書に記載した本発明の特徴および利点をより完全に理解するために、以下に添付の図面と共に本発明を説明する。
様々な実施形態を作りこれを使用することについて以下に詳細に論ずるが、これらの記述が、多種多様なコンテクストで具現化できる多くの発明概念を提供することを理解されたい。本明細書で論じられる特定の態様および実施形態は、本発明を作りこれを使用する方法を単に例証するに過ぎず、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
吸水率に対する影響
ファイバーセメント試料(10mm×25mm×25mm)を以下の配合に従い、米国特許第6,676,744号に記載の方法を使用して作った:ポルトランドセメント約35重量%、シリカ凝集体約57重量%、およびセルロース繊維約8重量%。この特許を、すべての目的のためにその全体を参照により本明細書に組み込む。ファイバーセメント試料は、温度約105℃で15分間、炉の中で乾燥した。乾燥したファイバーセメント試料の各々の重量を含浸する前に測定した。次に、各ファイバーセメント試料を、大気圧下72°F(22.2℃)+2°Fで10分間、表2に示した含浸剤に浸漬させた。ペーパータオルを使用して含浸後の試料の表面から過剰の含浸剤を除去した。含浸したファイバーセメント試料の重量を測定した。含浸率を下記の式に基づいて計算した:
凍結融解サイクル後の塗料密着性
実施例1と同じ材料およびプロセスを使用して調製したファイバーセメント試料に、湿潤膜厚が約0.002インチになるようにRubinate 9513をコーティングし、ファイバーセメント基体の気孔内に耐久性の結合を形成するように10分間、表面に浸透させた。図3の写真に示すように、約150〜350ミクロンの浸透深さが試料の横断面の検査で観察された。塗料密着性を試験した。次いで、試料は、日本工業規格JIS1435−1991による凍結融解試験にかけたが、以下の表3に示したように、塗料剥離不良の徴候を示すことなく320回までの凍結/融解サイクルに耐えた。
曲げ剛性の保持
実施例1と同じ材料およびプロセスを使用して調製されたファイバーセメント試料について、凍結/融解サイクルの関数としての弾性率(MOE)を評価した。図4に示すように、イソシアネート含浸剤を使用して形成された試料は250回の凍結融解サイクル後に元の曲げ剛性弾性率の少なくとも50%を保持したが、未処理材料は50サイクル後には元の曲げ剛性の50%超が失われた。
含浸ファイバーセメント品の耐水性に対する含浸時間の影響
表4は、SR 239含浸ファイバーセメントの吸水率に対する含浸時間および含浸率の影響を示す。約3%の過酸化ベンゾイル開始剤を含浸剤SR 239に加えた。表4に示すように、含浸時間が増大するにつれて、含浸ファイバーセメントの吸水率は大きく減少した。含浸率は含浸時間と共に増加する。
塗料密着性に対する影響
含水率が約18〜20%である、5/16”×4”×5”(0.8×10×12.7cm)のファイバーセメント厚板(配合Iの選択されたシーダーミルテクスチャー(Cedarmill texture)、James Hardie Building Products of Fontana、California)の1つの面に、約0.0005”〜0.002”(0.013〜0.05mm)のRubinate M(Huntsman Polyurethanes of Sterling Heights、Michiganから入手可能)をコーティングした。Rubinate Mには、Bicat 8(Shepherd Chemical Company、OHから入手可能)などのビスマスおよび亜鉛に基づいた触媒0.01%を混合した。この厚板を、Rubinate Mでコーティングした直後に、2層の塗料(モントレーグレー(Monterey Grey)、光沢単位15、James Hardie Building Products of Fontana、California)で仕上げた。塗料の1層目は60℃の炉内で約4分間、乾燥した。第1のコーティングの乾燥厚さは約0.002”〜0.004”(0.05〜0.1mm)であった。塗料の2層目は105℃の炉内で約2分間乾燥した。第2のコーティングの乾燥厚さは約0.001”〜0.003”(0.025〜0.075mm)であった。仕上げを行ったファイバーセメント試料を実験室条件で7日間、硬化した後、マスキングテープ3M 250を用いて塗料の剥離接着試験を行った。
5/16”×4”×5”(0.8×10×12.7cm)のファイバーセメント厚板(配合IIの選択されたシーダーミルテクスチャー(Cedarmill texture)、James Hardie Building Products of Fontana、California)に含浸剤を適用することにより実施例6を調製した。表6は、脂肪族イソシアネート含浸剤Desmondur XP 7100(Bayer Corpから入手可能)も塗料とファイバーセメント厚板との密着性を改善することを示している。Desmondur XP 7100には、Bicat 8(Shepherd Chemical Company、OHから入手可能)などのビスマスおよび亜鉛に基づいた触媒0.01%を混合した。
機械的性質の改良
含水率が約18〜20%である、5/16”×5”×7.5”(0.8×12.7×19cm)のファイバーセメント厚板(選択されたシーダーミルテクスチャー(Cedarmill texture)、James Hardie Building Products of Fontana、California)の6つの面にRubinate Mを約0.0005”〜0.002”(0.013〜0.05mm)含む含浸剤を塗布した。Rubinate Mには、Bicat 8(Shepherd Chemical Company、OHから入手可能)などのビスマスおよび亜鉛に基づいた触媒0.01%を混合した。Rubinate Mを周囲条件で7日間、硬化した後、試料を水に48時間、浸漬した。次いで、厚板の弾性率(MOE)を試験した。表7の結果は、ファイバーセメント上のRubinate Mを含む含浸剤の薄層がファイバーセメント厚板の剛性をわずかに増加させたことを示している。MOE値は、ファイバーセメント上のRubinate Mの厚さ増加につれてわずかに増加する。
Claims (25)
- 所定の気孔率を有するセメント質基体(cementitious substrate)と、
前記基体中に形成された表面下領域(subsurface region)であって、建築材料の吸水率を低下させるように構成されたセメントポリマーマトリックス(cement−polymer matrix)を含む表面下領域と、
を有し、
前記セメントポリマーマトリックスは、前記基体中の水酸官能基(hydroxyl functional groups)と化学結合した高分子含浸剤を含み、
前記表面下領域の厚さが前記含浸剤の粘度と前記セメント質基体の気孔率によって制御される、加工複合建築材料。 - 前記表面下領域の厚さは10ミクロン以上である、請求項1に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記表面下領域の厚さは100ミクロン以上である、請求項1に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記表面下領域の厚さは前記セメント質基体の厚さと実質的に同じである、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記高分子含浸剤は、イソシアネート、エポキシ、アクリル樹脂およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤は官能基を含み、前記官能基はブロックされている、請求項5に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤はメチルジイソシアネートである、請求項5又は6に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤は、有機過酸化物、アゾ化合物、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される重合開始剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤は、第三級アミン、金属塩、およびこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される触媒をさらに含む、請求項8に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤はシランおよびその低粘度オリゴマーを含む、請求項1〜9の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記含浸剤は、前記セメント質基体中の遊離水酸官能基(free hydroxyl functional groups)と非加水分解性化学結合(non−hydrolysable chemical bonds)を形成する、請求項1〜10の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記セメント質基体はファイバーセメントマトリックスを含み、
前記ファイバーセメントマトリックスは、セルロース繊維、PVA繊維、PP繊維、PE繊維、ポリエステル繊維、炭素繊維、鋼繊維、ガラス繊維および他の無機繊維からなる群から選択される繊維を含み、
前記高分子含浸剤は前記繊維と化学的および機械的結合を形成する、請求項1〜11の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。 - 前記建築材料の外表面上に形成された外部コーティングをさらに含み、
前記外部コーティングは、塗料、トップコート(topcoats)、プライマー(primers)、シーラー(sealers)およびこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜12の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。 - 前記表面下領域の前記含浸剤は、前記外部コーティングと化学結合を形成する、請求項13に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 前記建築材料は、石膏ボード、繊維セメント板、メッシュまたは長繊維によって強化された繊維セメント板、短繊維、メッシュまたは長繊維によって強化された石膏ボード、無機集成材および繊維複合材料、ジオポリマー集成材およびファイバーボード、コンクリート製屋根瓦、ならびに1種または複数種の繊維プラスチック複合材料からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜14の何れか1項に記載の加工複合建築材料。
- 加工複合建築用品を形成する方法であって、
セメント質基体を形成するステップと;
硬化性含浸剤が前記基体内に浸透して表面下領域を形成するように、前記基体内に前記含浸剤を組み込むステップと;
前記含浸剤が前記基体の所定深まで浸透した後、前記含浸剤を硬化させるステップと
を含む方法。 - 前記硬化性含浸剤を組み込むステップが、前記基体の後に前記含浸剤を適用するステップを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記含浸剤は少なくとも100ミクロンの深さにまで浸透する、請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 前記セメント質基体に前記硬化性含浸剤を組み込むステップは、
前記硬化性含浸剤を、前記セメント質基体を形成する成分と組み合わせるステップと、
グリーン成形品(green shaped article)を形成するステップと、
を含み、
前記硬化性含浸剤は、前記グリーン成形品の少なくとも一部に全体にわたって分布している、請求項16〜18の何れか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記セメント質基体に前記硬化性含浸剤を組み込むステップは、
前記セメント質基体を形成する成分を組み合わせてグリーン成形品(green shaped article)を形成するステップと、
次いで、前記グリーン成形品の外表面に前記硬化性含浸剤を適用するステップと、
を含む、請求項16〜19の何れか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記硬化性含浸剤は25℃で500cps未満の粘度を有する、請求項16〜20の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記建築用品に保護コーティングを塗布するステップをさらに含む、請求項16〜21の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 周囲温度、高温、低温、真空、圧力、大気圧、放射線硬化、およびこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される成形条件下で前記硬化性含浸剤を硬化させるステップをさらに含む、請求項16〜22の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記含浸剤は、前記セメント質基体の1種または複数種の成分と非加水分解性化学結合(non−hydrolysable chemical bonds)を形成するように選択される、請求項16〜23の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記セメント質基体は、セルロース繊維、PVA繊維、PP繊維、PE繊維、ポリエステル繊維、炭素繊維および鋼繊維からなる群から選択される繊維を含む、請求項16〜24の何れか1項に記載の方法。
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EP (1) | EP2122074A4 (ja) |
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AU2007334517A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
EP2122074A4 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
CA2671996C (en) | 2014-09-09 |
EP2122074A1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
TW200839065A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
US8415009B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
AU2007334517A2 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
WO2008076241A9 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
WO2008076241A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
NZ577617A (en) | 2011-12-22 |
CA2671996A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
JP2010513056A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
AU2007334517B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
US8906500B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
US20130183505A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
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US20080141908A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
IL199237A0 (en) | 2010-03-28 |
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